Surkhandarya Region Research Articles

THE FIRST FINDING OF THE TREMATODE COLLYRICLUM FABA (BREMSER IN SCHMALZ, 1831) IN PASSERINE BIRDS OF UZBEKISTAN

The study of the peculiar species Collyriclum faba (Bremser in Schmalz, 1831) has a long history. Trematodes of this species have been recorded in many passerine species and rarely in other groups of birds. Subcutaneous cysts in infested birds are localized in various parts of the body: at the base of the lower jaw, chin or throat, around the cloaca, abdomen and chest. Regardless of the site of parasitism, trematodes Collyriclum faba, surrounded by a cyst, pose a serious threat to the health of wild and domestic birds. Mature forms of Collyriclum faba were found in subcutaneous cysts of the Hume's whitethroat Sylvia althaea Hume, 1878 (Passeriformes: Sylviidae) in the zone of the Surkhan state reserve of the Surkhandarya Region of Uzbekistan, on June 18, 2017. In total, for the period of June 10–18, 2017, 29 individuals of adult birds were examined, and skin trematodes were found in one individual of the Hume's whitethroat, which we identified as C. faba. This is the first find in Uzbekistan. Trematodes from cysts were identified in the laboratory of General Parasitology. A total of 80 specimens of trematodes were studied. When diagnosing species of trematodes, traditional methods of helminthological research were used. The Hume's whitethroat is registered as a new host of this trematode.

Importance and Prospects of Viticulture in Surkhandarya Region

This article describes the attention paid to viticulture in the country and its prospects, the ongoing projects in Surkhandarya region, especially in Altynsay district, the viticulture sector in the district, the processing of grapes and the production of products for the needs of our people. In conclusion, it is noted that the study of the characteristics of grapes and the experience of foreign countries in the development of the industry is very effective.

HISTORY OF THE SHRINES OF ABDURAHMAN IBN AWF AND ABU HURAYRA (AQ ASTANA BABA) ASSOCIATED WITH THE NAME OF THE COMPANIONS IN SURKHANDARYA REGION

This article provides information about the history of shrines associated with the names of the Companions in Surkhandarya region.

Land Suitability Assessment for Cotton Cultivation - A Case Study of Kumkurgan District, Uzbekistan

Optimal land allocation for cotton cultivation requires more expert knowledge since we face increasing land degradation and climate change impact in Uzbekistan over the last years. In addition, because of not taking into account important agro-ecological conditions, crop requirements and crop rotation systems, land productivity is declining year by year. But, how can decision making on land allocation for cotton cultivation be supported? Here, a land suitability assessment models which allow to integrate and weight different spatial data (i.e., criteria) in a Geographic Information System (GIS) can be considered a promising tool. In this research, a land suitability assessment model was implemented on one of the arid areas of Uzbekistan (Kumkurgan district of Surkhandarya region) to identify and classify the suitability of lands for cotton cultivation. In terms of classifying land suitability for cotton cultivation, the Suitability Modeler functionality of ArcGIS Pro 2.7 was utilized. Overall, nine input variables related to important criteria of cotton cultivation such as soil texture, soil salinity, irrigation and collector-drainage networks, groundwater level/ mineralization, slope, current land use and temperature were used for a complex analysis of the area. After combining the data, the result was classified into five suitability classes based on the FAO land suitability classification method. The result delivered show that for Kumkurgan district the following: highly suitable (1.8% of the area; 36.2 km2), moderately suitable (11.5% of the area; 230.5 km2), marginally suitable (7.25% of the area; 145.0 km2), currently not suitable (24.3% of the area; 485.8 km2) and permanently not suitable (55.09% 55.09% of the area; 1101.1 km2. Irrigated agricultural land parcel data with vector/shapefile which includes five years of cropping sequences were used for crop rotation system of 2:1 (cotton: wheat/other) to identify exact land parcels for a cotton seeding in the season of 2020-2021 and validating the results. As a result, about 78.5 km2 of the agricultural area was assessed as very suitable for cotton for the 2020-2021 season. Validation revealed an accuracy of the model at 78% with the current state of cotton fields.

Брачные обряды населения горных кишлаков Кухитанга

Surkhandarya is one of the ancient cradles of world civilization, with its rich history. Wide variety of national values, ancient customs, traditions, holidays, ceremonies and the unique examples of folklore has been preserved in that region. Especially, the intangible culture mountainious people of the Kuhitang in Surkhandarya region stands out. The peculiarity of this phase is that regional customs and rituals are not found in other countries and people. Among them, wedding customs hold a special place. In this article, the author, on the basis of approved materials and scientific sources, reveals the peculiar customs associated with the wedding of the mountain villages of Kuhitang.

Composition of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger), Soil Properties and Soil Enzyme Activities Grown in Different Concentration of Mineral Fertilizers

Ginger is rich in different chemical compounds such as phenolic compounds, terpenes, polysaccharides, lipids, organic acids, minerals, and vitamins. The present study investigated the effect of mineral fertilizers on the content of mineral elements in the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, soil enzymes activity, and soil properties in Surkhandarya Region, Uzbekistan. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first in Uzbekistan to investigate the mineral elements of ginger rhizome inhabiting Termez district, Surkhandarya region. A Field experiment was conducted at the Surkhandarya experimental station research Institute. Four treatments have been studied (Control with no fertilizers (T-1), N75P50K50 kg/ha (T-2), N125P100K100 kg/ha (T-3) and N100P75K75 + B3Zn6Fe6 kg/ha (T-4)). Results showed that T-4 treatment significantly increased ginger rhizome K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Na, Mn, Zn, Si, Li, and V content as compared to all other treatments and control. T-3 treatment significantly increased Mo, Ga, and Ag content in comparison to other treatments. Soil enzymes showed a significant increase for all treatments against control, while T-4 treatment has recorded the highest enzyme activity in comparison to all other treatments in urease, invertase, and catalase content. Soil chemical properties have significantly changed for all treatments against the non-cultivated soil and the zero fertilizers plantation with variation among different treatments. Results showed that ginger root is rich in minerals and can be used as a great potential for nutritional supplements and soil enrichment. This study suggest that combination of macro-microelements have the potential to increase the content of mineral elements in the rhizomes of ginger in field conditions.

GEOGRAPHICAL VIEW OF GARDENING IN SURKHANDARYA REGION

In Surkhandarya region, agriculture (cotton, wheat, viticulture, subtropical fruits) is well developed on the basis of favorable natural geographical conditions and labor resources. However, there is no balance between the processing industry and the production of agricultural products. This is due, firstly, to the fact that ginneries don’t work at full capacity due to the decline in cotton production, secondly, to the lack of industrial enterprises processing fruits, grapes and other products. The article focuses on the field of horticulture in Surkhandarya region, highlights the achievements and shortcomings of this sector, and provides suggestions and recommendations.

ҲУДУДИЙ КИЧИК ТАДБИРКОРЛИК ФАОЛИЯТИНИНГ РИВОЖЛАНИШ ИСТИҚБОЛЛАРИНИ ПРОГНОЗЛАШ

This article is devoted to the analysis on the basis of econometric modeling of the state of phenomena and processes that may occur in the future in the activities of small businesses in Surkhandarya region, in which GRP, as well as the relationship between the volume of production of small businesses based on the ARIMA model (autoregressive model integrated into the moving average) of the econometric GRETL software package, analyzes the relationship between the effective and factor indicators in quantitative and qualitative forecasting, proposals and recommendations have been developed.

Humus of the brown soils of the mountain pastures of Uzbekistan

The aim of the study: assessment of humus content and its distribution in the profile of brown soils of mountain pastures in Uzbekistan. Location and time of the study. Soil pits were cut in the Republic of Uzbekistan in seven agricultural regions, widely used in agriculture: Tashkent region, Bustonlik district; Jizzakh region, Zomin district; Samarkand region, Nurabad district; Navoi region, Nurata district; Kashkadarya region, Kitab district; Surkhandarya region, Sherabad district; Namangan region, Papal district. The study was carried out in 2019-2021. Methods. Field studies, sampling and sample preparation were carried out in accordance with the generally accepted methods: soil organic carbon content was measured by bichromate digestion, carbonate content was determined by acidimetric method and soil inorganic carbon content was calculated by subtracting from the total content of carbonates. Silty fractions were isolated by centrifugation. Humus differentiation into reserves and their estimation was carried out according to the method proposed by one of the authors. Main results. The studied brown soils of mountain pastures of Uzbekistan are characterized by loamy granulometric composition, with a clay fraction not exceeding 20%. The content of carbonates is low (2.5–9%), with the maximum amount in the carbonate horizon. Soils are slightly leached. The total humus content in the upper horizon varies from 1% to 6.6%. The dependence of soil humus content on the slope exposure was noted: the soils of the more humid northern and western slopes contain more humus than the southern and eastern ones. In addition, the humus content is significantly affected by erosion. To assess the nature of changes in the organic matter of the brown soils during their agricultural use, humus of the near, labile and potential reserves (as percentage of the total content) was isolated for the first time. It was revealed that humus of potential reserve prevails in soils (35.5-90%). Its vertical distribution is characterized by a sharp decrease in the sub-humus part, while the humus of the near and labile reserves is distributed evenly in the profile, without a pronounced dependence on external conditions and the degree of disturbance. The proportion of insoluble organic substances in the total humus content ranged from 0.39 to 86%, of sparingly soluble organic substances - from 3 to 100%. There is a relationship between the amount of sparingly soluble and insoluble organic matter in the upper horizon and the degree of soil erosion. Conclusion. The distribution of humus and its reserves in the brown soils of the mountain pastures of Uzbekistan is uneven and strongly affected by erosion. The loss of near and labile humus reserves leads to a decrease in the content of total humus. Further study of humus features, humus accumulation and restoration in brown soils is important for the development of recommendations for the rational use, anti-erosion protection and increasing the productivity of mountain pastures in Uzbekistan.

Effect of gumimax stimulator on re-planted sunflowers

In Surkhandarya region, the use of growth stimulants Gumimax for early and high yield of sunflower was studied. When using the growth stimulator Gumimax (seed treatment at a rate of 0.75 l/1; spraying the plants in phase 3–4 pairs of leaves 0.4 l/ha) showed a positive effect of sunflower seed oil.

Кичик тадбиркорлик ишлаб чиқариш хажмини динамик эконометрик моделлар ёрдамида таҳлил этиш

This article is aimed at determining the changes in the socio-economic development process of small entrepreneurship in the Surkhandarya region, in which the link between the GDP of the region and the volume of small business production was analyzed on the basis of the distributed lag values of dynamic econometric models. Using the Koyk model for the evaluation of the distributed L lag value, the correlation between the causal and factor indicators was evaluated on a quantitative and qualitative basis on a scientific basis, proposals and recommendations were developed

Perspective essential oil plants of surkhandarya region (Uzbekistan)

Perspective essential oil plants of surkhandarya region (Uzbekistan)

Comparison of arima model and ann measures in forecasting regional macroeconomic indicators

In this article, the process of modeling and forecasting the volume of the gross regional product of the Surkhandarya region was carried out. The forecasting efficiency of the ARIMA and ANN models is also compared. As a result, the best ARIMA model in forecasting is ARIMA (1, 0, 1)(0, 1, 0)4, and according to ANN, the model of the output neuron MLP (4-7-1) turned out to be the best. In addition, the volume of the gross regional product is predicted until 2025.

Biodiversity of melliferous plants of the Surkhandarya region and assessment of their use

A detailed study of the species composition, nectar productivity and honey productivity of the wild-growing melliferous flora of the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan has been carried out. It was found that the majority of melliferous species grow in the adyr zone - 231 species and in mountainous areas - 280 species. The melliferous plants of the studied region are secondary melliferous plants, thus providing additional takings and contributing to the development of bee colonies. New melliferous plant species with a high sugar content in nectar (from 1.4 to 243 mg in 100 flowers) have been identified. Species of the genus Onosma were found to be highly nectariferous. The average amount of nectar secreted by 100 flowers of plants of this genus ranges from 100 to 243 mg.

Changes Of Macro And Microelements And Carbohydrates In Soil And Wheat Grain As A Result Of Atmospheric Pollution

Today, as a result of the production activities of the State Unitary Enterprise "Tajik Aluminum Company" (TALCO SUE), the ecological situation in a large area is deteriorating, causing serious damage to the environment and human health. In particular, such a negative environmental situation can be observed in the deterioration of the natural environment of Sariosiyo, Uzun and Denau districts of Surkhandarya region. Based on the research, biochemical parameters of soil and wheat grains, including macro-and micronutrients, and quantitative indicators of carbohydrates were determined as a result of atmospheric pollution.

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The variability of Candaharia levanderi (Simroth, 1902)(Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Parmacellidae) in two biotopes (southern and northern slopes, the Kampirtepa gorges, the Kugitang Tau ridge) has been investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the implementation of primers, the 18S DNA of the region is amplified, the variability (sharply differing in color) of two populations of C. levanderi is studied. The first population is in the suburbs of Namangan, (Namangan Region); the second population is in Kampirtepa gorges, Kugitang Tau ridge (Surkhandarya Region). It is established that, most often, the variability of morphological signs is observed on the coloration of mollusks. The development of body coloration is an adaptive feature that reflects the adaptability to certain biotopes on the one hand, and landscape and climatic conditions on the other.

ABOUT SURKHANDARYA FOLKLORE

This article summarizes the historical development of Sherabad baxshi school in Surkhandarya region, methods of performance, peculiarities of baxshi, a brief look at their creative activity, literary and artistic connection of baxshi schools of neighboring republics and regions, folklore written by folklorists in different years. analyzed.

DEVELOPMENT OF SPEED-POWER ABILITIES IN YOUNG SAMBISTS

The purpose of this article was to develop and experimentally substantiate the effectiveness of the training methodology for young sambo wrestlers 10 -11 years old with a focus on the speed-strength component. The experiment was attended by 24 young sambists from the sports school of the city of Termez, Surkhandarya region. The athletes were divided into experimental and control groups. A specially organized pedagogical experiment lasted 20 weeks. The content of the training sessions of the experimental group included a large number of general developmental and special exercises aimed at the development of speed-strength abilities of athletes. We used exercises with rubber shock absorbers, weights, jumping exercises, throwing various objects, games with elements of martial arts, outdoor games and exercises that contribute to the development of the ability to quickly tension and relax muscles.

Kumkurgan is the Geographical Center of the Region

This article presents the theoretical issues of the gradual relocation of the regional administrative center to Kumkurgan district, taking into account the geographical location of Surkhandarya region.

Analysis and study of energy efficiency by the operation of a voltage stabilizer

This article discusses the analysis and study of the energy efficiency of the operation of a voltage stabilizer using a non-contact voltage relay. In addition, the calculation of the energy efficiency from the use of the stabilizer is presented on the example of the enterprise of the Baysun district power supply of the Surkhandarya region. Summarizing the results of the analyzed and investigated energy efficiency of the prototype of the stabilizer, it can be stated that it fully meets the requirements for such devices and can ensure reliable operation of the power supply network of household electrical receivers with a voltage of 0.4 kV.