Hip and knee replacements are common orthopaedic procedures that can greatly improve patients' quality of life and provide relief from the pain caused by various musculoskeletal diseases. This article considers pre-operative preparation of the patient undergoing joint arthroplasty and significant post-operative clinical considerations. The nurse has an important role in the preparation, care and support of the patient throughout the surgical journey. Holistic assessment and effective pre and post-operative planning facilitate patient-focused care and optimal recovery.