Surfactant Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate Research Articles

Effect of temperature and use of regenerated surfactants on the removal of oil from water using colloidal gas aphrons

Discharge of industrial wastewater polluted with oil into surrounding water bodies significantly affects groundwater resources, aquatic life, and crop production. To minimize the harmful effects, it is essential to develop efficient methods to remove oil from wastewater before it has been discharged to the environment. This work aims at utilizing colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) generated from anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) for the removal of oil from water. The effect of operating parameters such as initial oil concentration (25–150 mg/L), pH of SDBS solution (3–11), pH of oil solution (3–11), the volume of solution (300–500 mL), ion concentration as sodium sulfate (50–500 mg/L), and CGAs temperature (23–50 °C) were investigated. About 91% oil removal was achieved at a CGAs temperature of 50 °C, initial oil concentration of 100 mg/L, solution volume of 500 mL, pH of SDBS 5.6, and at pH of oily water 3.0. With the application of sonic energy, oil removal increased from 66% to 81%. After the first batch of flotation experiment, graphene was used to adsorb oil from foamate, thereby allowing the reuse of the treated surfactant solution for the further generation of CGAs. The total oil carrying capacity of CGAs was predicted using a simple mathematical model in which the oil packing factor followed power-law correlations as used in minerals flotation with non-dimensional parameters such as concentration, volume, pH, and temperature of the solutions.

Ultrahigh-throughput screening system for directed polymer binding peptide evolution.

Accumulation of plastics in the environment became a geological indicator of the Anthropocene era. An effective reduction of long-lasting plastics requires a treatment with micro-organisms that release polymer-degrading enzymes. Polymer binding peptides function as adhesion promoters and enable a targeted binding of whole cells to polymer surfaces. An esterase A-based Escherichia coli cell surface display screening system was developed, that enabled directed evolution of polymer binding peptides for improved binding strength to polymers. The E. coli cell surface screening system facilitates an enrichment of improved binding peptides from a culture broth through immobilization of whole cells on polymer beads. The polypropylene (PP)-binding peptide liquid chromatography peak I (LCI) was simultaneously saturated at five positions (Y29, D31, G35, E42, and D45; 3.2 million variants) and screened for improved PP-binding in the presence of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (LAS; 0.25 mM). The cell surface system enabled efficient screening of the generated LCI diversity (in total ~10 million clones were screened). Characterization of identified LCI binders revealed an up to 12-fold improvement (eGFP-LCI-CSD-3: E42V/D45H) in PP-binding strength in the presence of the surfactant LAS (0.125 mM). The latter represents a first whole cell display screening system to improve adhesion peptides which can be used to direct and to immobilize organisms specifically to polymer surfaces (e.g., PP) and novel applications (e.g., in targeted plastic degradation).

Fly ash based geopolymer for the adsorption of anionic surfactant from aqueous solution

Contamination of the world's water resources is a growing issue and its remediation requires the development of highly efficient, environmentally friendly and economical processes. Water contaminated with surfactants can cause detrimental health effects in humans and aquatic animals. Removing surfactants using adsorption is effective, simple and economical. This paper describes the development of a fly ash based geopolymer (FAGP) adsorbent for adsorbing the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS). The adsorption parameters of the geopolymers were optimized using batch adsorption. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were also determined. The FAGP had an amorphous morphology and a surface area of 31.873 m2/g. The optimum parameters for adsorbing the SDBS using FAGP were pH 2, contact time 180 min, adsorbent dosage 1 g/L for an initial SDBS concentrations of 880 mg/L. The maximum adsorption capacity of 714.3 mg/g was obtained. The adsorption followed pseudo second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models suggesting that the adsorption process was chemisorption with monolayer adsorbate coverage. SDBS was adsorbed onto FAGP by electrostatic interactions between the positively charged FAGP and negatively charged SDBS. The activation energy of adsorption was 4.052 kJ/mol and the Gibbs free energy was negative, suggesting the adsorption process was physisorption, endothermic, spontaneous and more favorable at a temperature of 65 °C. The adsorption of SDBS onto FAGP occurs through both physisorption and chemisorption. FAGP was proven as a low-cost adsorbent to remove SDBS and could be potentially used for the adsorption of other water contaminating surfactants.

An Experimental Approach to Formulate Lignin-Based Surfactant for Enhanced Oil Recovery

The higher cost of chemical surfactants has been one of the main reasons for their limited used in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process. Hence, the reason for developing lignin-based surfactant is to lower the cost of chemicals as it does not tie to the price of crude oil as compared to petroleum-based surfactants. Besides, lignin is biodegradable and easily extracted from plant waste. The objectives of this study are to determine the formulations of the lignin-based surfactant for EOR applications and to determine the oil recovery performance of the formulated surfactants through surfactant flooding. The lignin-based surfactants were formulated by mixing the lignin with the amine (polyacrylamide or hexamethylenetetramine) and the surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in a 20,000 ppm NaCl brine. Interfacial tension (IFT) of the formulated lignin-based surfactant is measured at ambient temperature using the spinning drop method. The displacement experiments were conducted at room temperature in glass beads pack holders filled with glass beads, saturated with paraffin and brine. The results of the study showed that the best formulation of lignin-based surfactant is using hexamethylenetetramine as the amine, lignin, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate at 2% total active concentration. The oil recovery and interfacial tension using the lignin amine system is comparable with the commercial petroleum sulfonate system.

Investigating the hydrogen storage capacity of surfactant modified graphene

As the depletion of traditional fossil fuels and environmental pollution become a serious problem of human society, researchers are actively finding renewable green energy sources. Considered as a clean, efficient and renewable alternative, Hydrogen energy is considered the most promising energy source. However, the safe and efficient storage of hydrogen has become the major problem that hinders its application. To solve this gap, this paper proposes to utilize surfactant modified graphene for hydrogen storage. With Hummers method and ultrasonic stripping method, this study prepared graphene from graphene oxide with NaBH4. Surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) was used as a dispersant during the reduction process to produce the dispersion-stabilized graphene suspensions. The characteristics of the graphene suspensions then were examined by XRD, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, Raman, XPS, TG, and N2 adsorption-desorption tests. The hydrogen adsorption properties of the samples were investigated with Langmuir and Freundlich fitting. The results show that the adsorption behavior is consistent with the Freundlich adsorption model and the process is a physical adsorption.

Anti-H2S corrosion property of bipolar epoxy-resin coatings

SiO2 nanoparticles were modified with the surfactants sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. The modified SiO2 nanoparticles were added to epoxy-resin coatings to obtain anion- and cation-selective coatings. Two kinds of bipolar epoxy-resin coatings were prepared by exchanging the sequence of anion- or cation-selective coating (i.e., cation/anion and anion/cation). The coatings were immersed in H2S solution, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate their performance. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to observe the morphology of the metals and metal/coating interface. Experimental results indicated that the coating sequence of inner and outer ion-selective coatings affected the protection performance of the bipolar coatings. The good protection property of the bipolar coatings was attributed to the existence of a space-charge region and an electric field between the inner and outer ion-selective coatings.

Different conformational states of hen egg white lysozyme formed by exposure to the surfactant of sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) on hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) fibrillogenesis at pH 7.4. HEWL fibrillogenesis in the presence of SDBS was characterized using several spectroscopic techniques (turbidity, light scattering, intrinsic fluorescence, ThT binding assay, ThT kinetics, far-UV CD, and transmission electron mmicroscopy). The turbidity and light scattering data revealed that SDBS induces aggregation in HEWL in dose-dependent manner. HEWL aggregation was seen at low SDBS concentrations (0.03 to 0.5 mM) but it was not observed at concentrations of SDBS at >0.6 mM. The ThT and TEM data clearly showed that the aggregates formed in the presence of SDBS had an amyloid-like morphology. From the CD analysis it was clear that low SDBS concentrations decreases the α-helical content while the β-sheet content increased. As the SDBS concentration further increased, the α-helical content increased again. The ThT kinetics analysis revealed that the HEWL monomer directly converted into the amyloid fibril without lag phase. All the spectroscopic and microscopic results support the finding that low concentrations of SDBS stimulate fibrillogenesis in HEWL, and that no fibrillogenesis occurs at higher SDBS concentrations.

Polymer nanocomposites with improved mechanical and thermal properties by magnetically aligned carbon nanotubes

A procedure to successfully tether iron oxide nanoparticles to Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) in a water solution containing a sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate surfactant was developed. Through the application of a magnetic field, the SWNTs with tethered Fe2O3 particles could then be stretched and aligned in a parallel configuration within the fluid. The experimental results indicated that aligning the magnetically sensitive nanoparticle (Fe2O3) attached SWNTs in a polymer matrix under a magnetic field, may substantially improve the physical and mechanical properties of the composites. In this investigation, the mechanical and thermal properties of SWNTs/epoxy composites were investigated to determine the potential impact of the SWNT alignment. Neat epoxy composites were produced to serve as a baseline and the results compared with composites loaded with magnetically sensitive SWNTs with weight percentages of 1 wt% and 2 wt%, both with and without magnetic field alignment. The results indicate that the alignment has a significant effect on the mechanical properties, with 1 wt% loaded composites under a magnetic field exhibiting a 9.8% enhancement in tensile strength compared to 1 wt% loaded composites in the absence of the magnetic field. Similarly, 2 wt% loaded composites under a magnetic field demonstrated a 9.7% enhancement in tensile strength compared to 2 wt% loaded composites without the magnetic field. The thermal conductivity of 0.1 wt %, 0.2 wt %, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt% and 0.5 wt% loaded composites under a magnetic field were also evaluated and indicated a 35% increase over the baseline values. As a result, this new alignment methodology may provide significant opportunities by which varying tensile strength and thermal conductivity can be used in both research and industrial applications.

Separation and enrichment of micro and nano sized particles from aqueous solutions by flotation using colloidal gas aphrons

The aim of this work was to investigate the separation and enrichment of micro and nano sized particles by batch and column flotation using colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs). The CGAs were produced using anionic sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) and cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) surfactants. The physical properties of the surfactant solutions, formation of CGAs, liquid drainage from the foam as well as liquid rise and bubble size of CGAs were measured. In the batch process, carbon particles showed that the CGAs produced with HTAB enhanced the performance of separation ratio 1.45 and enrichment ratio 1.14. The % removal of carbon was found to be 77% for 100 μm particles while it was 82% using 45 μm particles. By using SDBS, 91% removal was achieved for 400 mg/L concentrated iron particles having size 500 nm. In the column flotation, the % removal of carbon particles was 54% while it was 42% for iron particles. Thus, CGAs generated from anionic SDBS and cationic HTAB surfactants were proved to be effective in separating micro and nano sized particles based on electrostatic interactions.

Humidity Sensing Behavior of Endohedral Li-Doped and Undoped SWCNT/SDBS Composite Films.

We have investigated single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks wrapped with the cationic surfactant sodium dodecyl-benzenesulfonate (SBDS) as promising candidates for water detection. This is the first time that the humidity behavior of endohedral Li-doped (Li@) and undoped SWCNTs/SDBS has been shown. We identified a strong and almost monotonic decrease in resistance as humidity increased from 11 to 97%. Sensitivities varied between −3 and 65% in the entire humidity range. Electrical characterization, Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis revealed that a combination of the electron donor behavior of the water molecules with Poole-Frenkel conduction accounted for the resistive humidity response in the Li@SWCNT/SDBS and undoped SWCNT/SDBS networks. We found that Li@SWCNTs boosted the semiconducting character in mixtures of metallic/semiconducting SWCNT beams. Moreover, electrical characterization of the sensor suggested that endohedral Li doping produced SWCNT beams with high concentration of semiconducting tubes. We also investigated how frequency influenced film humidity sensing behavior and how this behavior of SWCNT/SDBS films depended on temperature from 20 to 80 C. The present results will certainly aid design and optimization of SWCNT films with different dopants for humidity or gas sensing in general.

Self‐Assembly of Lotus‐Type Holes Two‐Dimensional NiO Nanosheets and Its Efficient Catalytic Property for Styrene Epoxidation

AbstractLotus‐type holes two‐dimensional NiO nanosheets were fabricated via hydrothermal method followed by calcinations. Three types of surfactants as the structure‐directing agent in an ammonia aqueous solution with calcination, only anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), non‐ionic surfactant polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) can form lotus‐type porous NiO nanosheets, cationic surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) have no such effect. A series of characterization of the resulting samples revealed that the materials maintained singularly small thickness of only 3–5 nm, lotus root hole diameter 40 nm(SDBS),20 nm(PVP). The formation mechanism of the lotus‐type porous two‐dimensional morphology is investigated. The as‐synthesized NiO without support delivered efficient catalytic property in styrene epoxidation which significantly reduced reaction time. When the catalyst was reused the conversion and selectivity of styrene oxide still remained high.

PH-Switchable IFT variations and emulsions based on the dynamic noncovalent surfactant/salt assembly at the water/oil interface.

Additional HCl can facilely control the dynamic noncovalent interaction between anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and additional organic matter, 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA), at the water/oil interface. At low HCl concentration (ODA/HCl molar ratio (r) = 1 : 1.5, [ODA] = 250 mg L-1), the ODA+ ions effectively enhanced the SDBS ability to reduce the water/oil interfacial tension (IFT) by about two orders of magnitude, while the (SDBS)2/ODA2+ gemini-like surfactants could be constructed at a relatively high HCl concentration (r = 1 : 4, [ODA] = 250 mg L-1), which could largely reduce the IFT to 1.19 × 10-3 mN m-1. Molecular simulation was employed to explore the interfacial activity of ODAn+ (ODA+/ODA2+) ions and the SDBS/ODAn+ interaction. The control experiments used another three surfactants to verify the proposed model. The pH-switchable gradual protonation of amino groups in ODA molecules determined the SDBS/ODA interfacial assembly, which was responsible for the reversal of IFT variations and the related emulsion behaviors.

Self-Assembly Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Partially Reduced Graphene Oxide Supported Hierarchical MnO2 Nanonocomposite for Supercapacitor

Partially reduced graphene oxide supported hierarchical birnessite-type manganese oxide (MnO2) nanonocomposite (MnO2-pGO) with large surface area (116 m2 g-1) were successfully synthesized by a facile ultrahigh dilute vesicle solution approach, via surfactant Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), as a structure-directing agent. The resultant structure exhibit hierarchical porous MnO2 nanocluster, which were self-assembled from elongated nanorods and grafted successfully on the surface of the pGO nanosheets. Furthermore, the obtained MnO2-pGO nanocomposite was found to exhibit favorable electrochemical activity showing ultra-high specific capacitance of (282 F/g at 0.5 A/g), the enhanced rate capability of (67.7%) at 10 A/g), the most stable capacitance retention (91.4 %of its initial capacitance was retains after 5000 cycles, with ∼100% Coulombic efficiency). The result suggests that the approach is not only effective to deposit MnO2 over the pGO sheets, but also offered great promise to prepare other pGO- metal oxide composite electrode materials for supercapacitor.

Influence of alkyl polyglucoside and fatty alcohol ether sulfate on the foaming and wetting properties of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate for mine dust control

Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) was mixed with alkyl polyglycoside (APG) and fatty alcohol ether sulfate (AES) and a FoamScan foam analyzer and a proposed coal dust wetting method were used to test the foaming and wetting properties of various compound solutions. The foaming and wetting properties of the SDBS/AES and SDBS/APG compound solutions were optimal at the mass ratios of 0:1 and 1:2 respectively as the total mass concentration of the compound solution was 0.2%. Besides, the properties of optimal SDBS/APG compound solutions is better than optimal SDBS/AES compound solution. In addition to hydrophilic head, AES contains ether groups (C-O-C) which have lone electron pairs, it can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules and improve the water locking ability of the liquid film. Therefore, the pure AES solution has a better foaming performance than the SDBS/AES compound solution. For the SDBS/APG compound solution, the head groups of the SDBS (SO3−) have a better hydrophilicity than those of the APG (OH); therefore, the SDBS molecules are closer to water phase and the APG molecules are closer to the air phase. This arrangement could slow the diffusion of air and decrease the loss of water molecules, which ensures better foaming properties. Because the surface of the coal dust is electronegative, there is no electrostatic repulsion force between APG and coal dust surface, so APG molecules can be absorbed on the surface of coal dust more easily than SDBS. Since the anionic surfactant SDBS can carry more water molecules, the synergistic effects of the SDBS and APG molecules made the dust wetted in the shortest time.

Preparation of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes/Cellulose Nanocomposites Stabilized By 1-Butyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium (BMIM) - Surfactants

Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) ability to improve electrical, optical and mechanical properties of nanocomposites, have attracted great amount of interest for their huge potential in applying them as filler in polymer matrix. However, this application was hindered because of their low dispersion in polymer matrix and tendency to self-associate into macro-scale aggregates. Recently, diffusion of MWCNTs in cellulose polymer matrix was studied and prepared via latex technology approaches by the addition of 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium (BMIM)-surfactant. The performance of BMIM-surfactants for dispersing MWCNTs in polymer was characterized using a range of techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Meanwhile, the conductivities of the nanocomposites were also investigated using four-point probe measurements. In this study, MWCNTs were efficiently dispersed in cellulose utilizing 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium-dodecyl benzene sulfonate (BMIM-DBS). Interestingly, it was found that BMIM-DBS performs much better than that of the commercially available surfactant sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS), demonstrating the importance of the effect of surfactant counter-ion leading to improved dispersion of MWCNTs in cellulose. This finding will significantly contribute towards the improvement of properties of cellulose for nanocomposite industries.

Removal of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate from water using fly ash adsorbent

Surfactants are organic pollutants that are environmentally hazardous for aquatic and human life. A variety of methods are used for the removal of surfactants but adsorption is the most suitable method due to high efficiency, simple operation and economical. This paper describes the adsorption of an anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) using fly ash as adsorbent. The adsorbent dosage of 10 g/L and contact time of 5 hours were optimum for the adsorption of SDBS. The maximum adsorption capacity of 6.83 mg/g was obtained. The adsorption capacity of fly ash for anionic surfactant is higher as compared to the adsorption capacity of granite sand for anionic surfactant and fly ash for anionic dyes (reactive red 23 and reactive blue 171). Fly ash possesses capability to be used for the removal of anionic surfactants.

Preparation and Hydrogen Storage Characteristics of Surfactant-Modified Graphene.

As the depletion of traditional fossil fuels and environmental pollution become serious problems for human society, researchers are actively looking for renewable energy sources. Since hydrogen energy is considered a clean, efficient, and renewable alternative energy source, it is regarded as the most promising option. In this context, how to store hydrogen safely and efficiently has become the major challenge that hinders the actual application. To fill this gap, this paper proposes to utilize surfactant-modified graphene for hydrogen storage. Through a modified Hummers’ method and ultrasonic stripping, this study proposes to prepare graphene from graphite oxide with NaBH4. The surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) was used as a dispersant during the reduction process to produce dispersion-stabilized graphene suspensions. Then, to investigate the characteristics of the graphene suspensions, X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, TEM, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman, XPS, TG, and N2 adsorption–desorption tests were conducted. Finally, analytical models for hydrogen adsorption were investigated with Langmuir and Freundlich fittings. The results show that the application of SDBS can effectively reduce the agglomeration among graphene monolayers and increase the specific surface area of graphene, and that the adsorption behavior is consistent with the Freundlich adsorption model, and is a physical process.

High Brightness and Enhanced Stability of CsPbBr3‐Based Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes by Morphology and Interface Engineering

AbstractA CsPbBr3‐based all‐inorganic perovskite light‐emitting diode (PeLED) with ultrahigh brightness and enhanced stability is prepared by controlling of morphology and interface engineering. A nonionic surfactant polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate is introduced into the CsPbBr3 film, which induces tightly arranged grains in the perovskite film, thus highly passivating the defects at the grain boundaries, resulting in a performance‐enhanced PeLED with a highest brightness of 111 000 cd m−2, a peak current efficiency (CE) of 21.1 cd A−1, a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5.55%, and an operational lifetime of 4.5 h. The device properties are further improved by adding an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to modify the hole injection layer poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate. The hole current density is increased, further balancing the charge injection and transport. Finally, the optimal device displays an ultrahigh brightness of 179 000 cd m−2, a peak CE of 28.0 cd A−1, a maximum EQE of 7.39%, and a further prolonged lifetime of 6 h.

Synergistic interactions between zwitterionic surfactants derived from olive oil and an anionic surfactant

The surface properties of the mixtures of zwitterionic surfactants derived from olive oil (carboxylbetaine-OCB and sulfobetaine-OSB) and anionic surfactant-sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) at different mole fractions were investigated by surface tension measurement. The influences of the addition of inorganic salts (NaCl, MgCl2) on the surface activities in OCB/SDBS and OSB/SDBS systems were also studied. The result shows that the two mixed systems possess lower CMC values and higher surface activities over all mole fractions studied than their individual components. Meanwhile, the noticeable synergistic interactions of OCB/SDBS and OSB/SDBS were determined by the micelle interaction parameter (βm) according to regular solution theory. It is observed that the mixed OCB/SDBS system at αOCB = 0.6 and the mixed OSB/SDBS system at αOSB = 0.6 exhibit the strongest synergism. In addition, the binary surfactant mixtures performed better surface activities upon addition of inorganic salts and the different valence state of mental ions of the inorganic salts had different surface ability effect on the mixed system: Mg2+ > Na+.

Study on the interactions between SDBS/SOE‐60 mixed surfactant and PVP in solution

ABSTRACTThe interactions between the mixed surfactants sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) and modified oil ethoxylate (SOE‐60) with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were studied at 25 ± 1 °C using a surface tension meter, Ubbelohde viscometer, and fluorescence spectrophotometer. Interaction mechanisms of SDBS/SOE‐60‐PVP systems were explained by the “necklace and bead” model. The results showed that the interaction could be divided into three parts by two characteristic concentrations: the critical aggregation concentration (cac) and the polymer saturation point (psp). The interaction mechanisms of SDBS/SOE‐60‐PVP systems are consistent with the “necklace and bead” model. The binding mixing surfactant micelles, formed by free SDBS and SOE‐60 molecules, were bound to PVP chains by hydrophobic and ion–dipole interactions. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46717.