Surfactant Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate Research Articles

Microfluidic synthesis of copper nanofluids

Copper nanofluids have been chemically synthesized by using home-made microfluidic reactors and by using a boiling flask-3-neck. The influence of flow rates of reactants, reactants concentrations, and surfactant concentrations on copper particle size and size distribution has been investigated. It has been found that neither of them has much influence on particle size and size distribution of copper nanoparticles synthesized in microfluidic reactors due to the fast and efficient mass diffusion in microscale dimension. The copper nanoparticles have an average size of about 3.4 nm with a relatively narrow size distribution of around 22% evaluated by the coefficient of variation. While the average size of copper nanoparticles synthesized by flask method changes from 2.7 to 4.9 nm with a coefficient of variation larger than 30%, depending on concentrations of [Cu(NH3)4]·(OH)2 and surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. In addition, by using microfluidic reactors the synthesis time of copper nanofluids can be reduced as much as one order of magnitude, from ~10 min to ~28 s.

Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes Using Iron Catalysts

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were synthesized via a novel chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique incorporating iron catalysts. Stable aqueous solutions of the nanotubes using the anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate were also obtained, and the properties of as-produced SWNTs were documented through atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy and compared with purified HiPCO SWNTs as a reference.

Preparation and characterization of novel cyanate ester/epoxy resin microspheres

A novel kind of cyanate ester (CE)/epoxy resin microspheres have been synthesized using the polymerization technology of cyanate ester and epoxy resin in anhydrous ethanol media; surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was used as an emulsifier, and imidazole was used as catalyst or curing agent. The morphologies, chemical structures, and thermal properties of microspheres were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy, optical microscope, differential scanning calorimeter, and thermogravimetric analyzer, respectively. The effects of process parameters such as the amount of imidazole and the weight ratio of epoxy resin to CE on the size and morphology of microsphere were discussed. Results indicate that the reactivity and surface morphology of microsphere can be adjusted by the amount of imidazole and the weight ratio of epoxy resin to CE. The prepared microsphere shows excellent thermal stability and good reactivity.

Transitions of calcium carbonate crystals controlled by self-assembly supermolecule of β-cyclodextrin and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate

The transitions from vaterite to calcite and from vaterite to aragonite, were found with the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and β-cyclodextrin as a template, respectively, when the experimental temperature was controlled at 90 °C. The transition from calcite to aragonite was found when the experimental temperature was controlled at 120 °C. The molar ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 supermolecules composed of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate ion and β-cyclodextrin molecule may be formed at 90 and 120 °C, respectively. The possible formation mechanisms of different CaCO 3 polymorphs are proposed based on the “structural correspondence”.

탄산칼슘/유기계 Core-Shell 입자의 제조와 물성에 관한 연구

초록·키워드 목차 오류제보하기 등록된 정보가 없습니다. #Contact angle #core-shell particle #emulsion polymerization #encapsulation #particle size distribution 등록된 정보가 없습니다.

Effects of waste activated sludge and surfactant addition on primary sludge hydrolysis and short-chain fatty acids accumulation

This paper focused on the effects of waste activated sludge (WAS) and surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) addition on primary sludge (PS) hydrolysis and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) accumulation in fermentation. The results showed that sludge hydrolysis, SCFA accumulation, NH 4 + –N and PO 4 3 - –P release, and volatile suspended solids (VSS) reduction were increased by WAS addition to PS, which were further increased by the addition of SDBS to the mixture of PS and WAS. Acetic, propionic and valeric acids were the top three SCFA in all experiments. Also, the fermentation liquids of PS, PS + WAS, and PS + WAS + SDBS were added, respectively, to municipal wastewater to examine their effects on biological municipal wastewater treatment, and the enhancement of both wastewater nitrogen and phosphorus removals was observed compared with no fermentation liquid addition.

Influence of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate on the structure and properties of carbon aerogels

This letter describes the effects that the surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), has on the structure and electrical properties of monolithic carbon aerogels (CA). Using organic sol–gel chemistry, a series of novel CA materials prepared with different concentrations of SDBS were characterized to evaluate the influence the surfactant had on the network structure of the resultant material. Addition of the SDBS surfactant to the sol–gel reaction mixture was shown to generate CA structures that had different pore sizes, higher densities and improved electrical conductivity than those prepared without the surfactant. These results are discussed in comparison with relevant sol–gel literature and theory.

Metallic Copper Nanostructures Synthesized by a Facile Hydrothermal Method

A facile hydrothermal route has been developed for the synthesis of nearly spherical copper nanoparticles, copper nanocubes and ribbon-like network nanostructures. The as-prepared copper nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), and UV-vis spectrum analysis. These copper products were fabricated in the presence of surfactant sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) acting not only as stabilizer but also as size and shape controller via hydrothermal reduction process. HRTEM revealed that the surface of the copper nanostructures was packed with a thin layer of impurities such as oxide combined surfactant or amorphous surfactant. The influence of surfactant concentration and temperature on the resultant copper nanostructures was investigated in details. UV-vis spectra indicated that strong red shift existed for the copper ribbon-like network nanostructures due to the novel morphology as well as the presence of impurities on the surface.

Dispersing Individual Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes in Aqueous Surfactant Solutions below the cmc

Dispersions of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in surfactant solutions below the critical micelle concentration (cmc) have been studied theoretically and experimentally. Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations of a coarse-grained model predict that surfactant adsorption on small diameter tubes is dominated by aggregation of the surfactant molecules into adsorbed micelles at C ≈ 0.3Ccmc. We also find that the surfactant adsorption is nearly complete at a concentration of around C ≈ 0.5Ccmc. Further increase of the surfactant concentration has only minor effects on the radial density of surfactant headgroups, indicating that SWCNT may be fully stabilized in solutions below the cmc. SWCNT dispersions in solutions of anionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) below the cmc show a significant fraction of dispersed individual tubes and small bundles, in agreement with the model calculations.

Photoluminescence and optical characterization of CdS nanoparticles prepared by solid-state method at low temperature

The photoluminescence (PL) and optical properties of CdS nanoparticles prepared by the solid-state method at low temperature have been discussed. The effects of NaCl and anionic surfactant SDBS (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate) on the luminescent properties of CdS nanophosphors prepared using this method, without the inert gas or the H2S environment, were studied separately. The synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). UV–VIS absorption and PL spectra were also studied. XRD studies confirmed the single-phase formation of CdS nanoparticles. TEM micrograph revealed the formation of nearly spherical nanoparticles with a diameter of 2.5 nm. The PL emission for the CdS shows the main peak at 560 nm with a shoulder at 624 nm, with an increase in the PL intensity after the addition of SDBS. The effect of Mn doping on PL intensity has also been investigated. The PL spectra show that the emission intensity decreases as the dopant concentration increases.

Effect of SDBS on interfacial electron transfer at the liquid/liquid interface by thin layer method

The effect of an adsorbed anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) on electron transfer (ET) reaction between ferricyanide aqueous solution and decamethylferrocene (DMFc) located on the adjacent organic phase was investigated for the first time by thin layer method. The adsorption of SDBS at the interface resulted in a decay in the cathodic plateau current of bimolecular reaction with increasing concentrations of SDBS in aqueous phase. However, the rate constant of electron transfer ( k et) increased monotonically as the SDBS concentrations increased from 0 to 200 μmol/L. The experimental results showed that SDBS formed patches on the interface and influenced the structure of electrical double layer.

Synthesis and characterization of conducting polyaniline prepared by laccase‐catalyzed method in sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate micellar solutions

AbstractEnzymatic polymerization of aniline was performed in micellar solutions of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). High‐redox–potential oxidase–laccase isolated from the fungi, Trametes hirsuta, was used as a catalyst in oxidative polymerization of aniline, the atmospheric oxygen serving as an oxidizing agent. It is shown that the laccase‐catalyzed reaction of monomer polymerization is kinetically controllable and its mechanism is very distinctly different from that of chemical polymerization. The synthesized PANI/SDBS complexes were characterized using Fourier transform infrared and UV–vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, termogravimetry, transmission electron microscopy, and electron diffraction. The antistatic properties of the prepared PANI/SDBS composite were also studied. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009

The feasibility of enhanced soil washing of p-nitrochlorobenzene (pNCB) with SDBS/Tween80 mixed surfactants

The present study investigated the feasibility of using two mixed surfactants, anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) and nonionic surfactant polysorbate 80 (Tween80), for the remediation of p-nitrochlorobenzene (pNCB) contaminated soil. The water solubility, the apparent soil–water distribution constant ( K d * ) and the desorption ratio of pNCB, as well as the sorption of surfactants by the soil were significantly affected by the dosage of surfactants and the mass ratio of SDBS/Tween80. Because of the formation of mixed micelles, the presence of SDBS showed more effective than individual Tween80 for increasing the water solubility, decreasing the K d * and enhancing the desorption ratio of pNCB, as well as inhibiting the sorption of surfactants by the soil. Low dosage of surfactants (Tween80 < 2000 mg L −1) increased the K d * value and inhibited the desorption of pNCB from soil. However, relative high concentration of Tween80 had positive effect on the decrease of the K d * value and increase of pNCB desorption. In addition, among the tested surfactant systems, mixed SDBS/Tween80 with a 1:1 mass ratio exhibited the highest pNCB desorption. The results indicated that it is feasible to use mixed SDBS/Tween80 surfactants for the remediation of pNCB contaminated soil.

Adsorption of Anionic Surfactants in a Nonionic Polymer Brush: Experiments, Comparison with Mean-Field Theory, and Implications for Brush−Particle Interaction

The adsorption of the anionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) in poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) brushes was studied using a fixed-angle optical flow-cell reflectometer. We show that, just as in solution, there is a critical association concentration (CAC) for the surfactants at which adsorption in the PEO brush starts. Above the critical micelle concentration (CMC) the adsorption is found to be completely reversible. At low brush density the adsorption per PEO monomer is equal to the adsorption of these surfactants in bulk solution. However, with increasing brush density, the number of adsorbed surfactant molecules per PEO monomer decreases rapidly. This decrease is explained in terms of excluded volume interactions plus electrostatic repulsion between the negatively charged surfactant micelles. Experimentally, a plateau value in the total adsorption is observed as a function of grafting density. The experimental results were compared to the results of an analytical self-consistent field (aSCF) model, and we found quantitative agreement. Additionally, the model predicts that the plateau value found is in fact a maximum. Both experiments and model calculations show that the adsorption scales directly with the polymerization degree of the polymers in the brush. They also show that an increase in the ionic strength leads to an increase in the adsorbed amount, which is explained as being due to a decrease in the electrostatic penalty for the adsorption of the SDS micelles. The adsorption of SDS micelles changes the interactions of the PEO brush with a silica particle. This is illustrated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements of the pull-off force of a silica particle from a PEO brush: at high enough PEO densities, the addition of SDS leads to a very strong reduction in the force necessary to detach the colloidal silica particle from the PEO brush. We attribute this effect to the large amount of negative charge incorporated in the PEO brush due to SDS adsorption.

Degradation of Surfactants by an Integrated Nanobubbles/VUV Irradiation Technique

Recently, many efforts have been devoted to the elimination of alkylbenzene sulfonate (ABS) surfactants from aqueous systems. In this paper, a water and wastewater treatment technique that uses an 8-W low-pressure mercury lamp in the presence of nanobubbles (diameter = 720 nm) was demonstrated for the decomposition of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), as a model compound in aqueous solution. Degradation experiments were conducted with an ozone lamp (185−254 nm), both with and without nanobubbles. The result shows that the oxidation and mineralization rate of SDBS were significantly enhanced under 185−254 nm irradiation by oxygen nanobubbles. Although a high concentration of surfactant was used in this study, SDBS removal is effective in the integrated nanobubbles/vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) system, via the observation of 99.8% SDBS oxidation and 76.8% total organic compound (TOC) removal after 24 h of irradiation. The current study investigates the effect of size of bubble on the mineralization rate of SDBS. Furthermore, the rates of surfactant degradation were compared with those of nonsurfactant such as benzene sulfonate (BS). It was found that the mineralization of SDBS surfactants with nanobubbles was observed to be more effective than that with microbubbles (diameter = 75.8 μm). The comparative results show that the mineralization rate of surfactants was much faster than nonsurfactant in the presence of nanobubles under 185−254 nm irradiation. Based on the experimental results and kinetic degradation model, we concluded that the enhancement on the mineralization of surfactants is attributed to the high adsorption capability of nanobubbles, because of the small particle size offering a large surface area to facilitate the reaction.

Interaction between α, β Layered Sodium Disilicate and Surfactants

Abstract This paper investigated the interaction of α-Na2Si2O5 and β-μNa2Si2O5 with surfactants sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), sodium lauryl sulfate (K12), alkyl polyglycol ether-9 (AEO-9) and α-olefin hydrocarbon sulfonate (AOS) under condition approximating the detergent spray drying process. The interaction samples were characterized by XRD and TG. The experimental results showed that α-Na2Si2O5 and β-Na2Si2O5 sustained their phases after interacted with surfactants. The relative crystallinity of α-Na2Si2O5 had little change after interacting with surfactants exception of AOS because it had better adsorbable effect on the surface of α-Na2Si2O5 than LAS, K12 and AEO-9. At the same conditions, the amount of H2O and surfactants were both important factors on the relative crystallinity of β-μNa2Si2O5. It also was proved that the temperature had little influence on the relative crystallinity of both α-Na2Si2O5 and β-Na2Si2O5. Compared with Al-δ-Na2Si2O5, α-Na2Si2O5 and β-μNa2Si2O5 were more stable than Al-δ-Na2Si2O5 after interacted with surfactants.

Comparative study on modification of single wall carbon nanotubes by sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and melamine sulfonate superplasticiser

In this work, the results of synthesis and characterization of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) functionalized by two surfactants (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and melamine sulfonate superplasticiser) have been presented. The properties of pristine and modified SWCNTs have been compared by different techniques: Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Raman analysis reveals the changes in vibrational spectra of SWCNTs after modification by different surfactant molecules. FTIR analysis has shown the presence of sulfonate group which is strong evidence for nanotube modification. AFM analysis has shown separation of big single wall carbon nanotube bundles into thin bundles of them.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate Aggregation on Silica Surface

We performed molecular dynamics(MD) simulations to investigate anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS) adsorption onto a silica surface from solution. Various water phases of different thickness were constructed to investigate the difference between the solid/liquid and the air/liquid interface. We found that surfactant molecules adsorbed on silica surfaces within a short simulation time and they formed a surfactant layer via an interaction between the hydrophobic alkyl chain and the SiO2 surface. With an increase in water phase,one hemicylindrical micelle with a hydrophobic core formed on the SiO2 surface when a large amount of surfactant molecules adsorbed. The potential of mean force potential between the polar head of the surfactant and Na + ions or water molecules shows that the dissociation energy barrier is much larger than the combination energy barrier leading to more Na+ ions gathering around the polar head and fewer Na+ in solution. SDBS and water molecules can form complexes through H-bonding at the air/liquid or solid/liquid interface. Simulation results show that molecular dynamics can be used as an adjunct and can provide necessary information for microstructural property experiments.

Solution-phase synthesis of nanomaterials at low temperature

This paper reviews the solution-phase synthesis of nanoparticles via some routes at low temperatures, such as room temperature route, wave-assisted synthesis (γ-irradiation route and sonochemical route), directly heating at low temperatures, and hydrothermal/solvothermal methods. A number of strategies were developed to control the shape, the size, as well as the dispersion of nanostructures. Using diethylamine or n-butylamine as solvent, semiconductor nanorods were yielded. By the hydrothermal treatment of amorphous colloids, Bi2S3 nanorods and Se nanowires were obtained. CdS nanowires were prepared in the presence of polyacrylamide. ZnS nanowires were obtained using liquid crystal. The polymer poly (vinyl acetate) tubule acted as both nanoreactor and template for the CdSe nanowire growth. Assisted by the surfactant of sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS), nickel nanobelts were synthesized. In addition, Ag nanowires, Te nanotubes and ZnO nanorod arrays could be prepared without adding any additives or templates.

Use of Viscosity to Probe the Interaction of Anionic Surfactants with a Coagulant Protein from Moringa oleifera Seeds

The intrinsic viscosity of the coagulant protein was evaluated from the flow times of the protein solutions through a capillary viscometer, and the results suggested the coagulant protein to be globular. The interactions of the coagulant protein with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) were also investigated by capillary viscometry. We conclude that there is strong protein‐surfactant interaction at very low surfactant concentrations, and the behavior of the anionic surfactants in solutions containing coagulant protein is very similar. The viscometry results of protein‐SDS system are compared with surface tension, fluorescence, and circular dichroism reported earlier. Combining the results of the four studies, the four approaches seem to confirm the same picture of the coagulant protein‐SDS interaction. All the physical quantities when studied as function of surfactant concentration for 0.05% (w/v) protein solution either exhibited a maximum or minimum at a critical SDS concentration.