Steel Surface Research Articles

Ionic Liquids as Extreme Pressure Additives for Bearing Steel Applications

The protection of steel surfaces from wear under extreme pressure conditions is of major importance in several industries as it provides better performance and longer life of machinery. The motivation for this work was to study the lubrication of steel by ionic liquids (ILs), which have recently emerged as greener alternatives to commercial lubricants and additives. Three ILs based on sulfur-containing anions, used as 2-wt% additives in polyethylene glycol base oil (MW 200; PEG 200), were tested in the lubrication of ASTM 52100 bearing steel contacts in extreme pressure conditions (under mixed lubrication with a Hertzian pressure of 1.12 GPa) using a mini traction machine (MTM). Due to the poor resistance to corrosion of bearing steel, a semi-ester of succinic acid derivative corrosion inhibitor (Lanxess RC 4801) was added to the mixtures at a 1 wt% concentration. The ILs 1-hexyl-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([C6mim][TfO]) and 1-hexyl-4-picolinium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([C6-4-pic][TfO]) revealed promising results in terms of surface protection of bearing steel. In contrast, 4-picolinium hydrogen sulfate ([4-picH][HSO4]) as 2-wt% additive to PEG 200 + 1% RC 4801 did not show any improvement in wear performance compared to neat PEG 200 + 1% RC 4801. PEG 200 + 2% [C6mim][TfO] + 1%RC 4801 allowed for a decrease in wear up to ~ 76% and PEG 200 + 2% [C6-4-pic][TfO] + 1%RC 4801 up to ~ 46% when compared with neat PEG 200 + 1% RC 4801. Optical microscopy images suggest the formation of an adsorbed layer, which was further supported by chemical analysis via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data for [C6mim][TfO].Graphical abstract

Dynamics of acoustically levitated ice impacts on smooth and textured surfaces: Effects of surface roughness, elasticity, and structure

Atmospheric ice collisions on exposed outdoor infrastructure are a rarely explored surface design challenge. A primary obstacle to realistic ice particles in the laboratory setting is freezing a droplet without a solid surface present and then allowing it to impact a substrate without physical intervention. Using acoustically levitated ice formation with subsequent release onto a controlled area, a third class of ice-countering system called “ice-impacting” is introduced. Stainless steel 316 (SS), epoxy resin-coated (ER), and laser-textured (LT) surfaces with known surface roughness, hardness, and structural characteristics were subjected to 40 ice droplet impacts each. The impact effect on surface properties and the effect of these properties on solid-solid interfacial impact dynamics, in turn, were examined using an analysis framework based on fundamental conservation laws. Elasticity was the most significant factor in droplet behaviour as the ER surface exhibited rebounding for 78 % of impacts, nearly double the rates of the stainless steel surfaces. However, surface roughness also played a role, particularly for droplets with rotational motion, as immobilization occurred for 66 % of impacts on the rougher LT surface. Moreover, the nanostructures on that textured surface resulted in droplet redirection perpendicular to the surface directionality. In contrast, the other surfaces experienced no consistent change in rebound angle. Elasticity also affected momentum retention: the ER surface had a translational restitution coefficient of 0.32 compared to 0.17 for the SS/LT surfaces. Surface roughness was a predominant aspect of energy retention, as the LT surface had a translational-to-rotational energy transfer coefficient of 0.07 (0.23 for the smoother surfaces), resulting in an overall energy retention coefficient of 0.09 compared to 0.28 for the SS and ER surfaces on average. The results show that the interplay between elasticity, roughness, and structure at a dynamic solid-solid interface must be considered to optimize their effectiveness when designing ice-countering surfaces.

Electrochemical, microstructural and theoretical validation of 2-(2-Bromophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole as inhibitor for C1018 steel during very aggressive CO2 corrosion

This work is motivated by the lack of research papers reporting benzimidazole derivatives in very aggressive CO2-corrosion systems. We appraise the inhibitive performance of 2-(2-bromophenyl)-1 H Benzimidazole (BPHB) in CO2-saturated 3.5 % sodium chloride (NaCl) + 50 ppm acetic acid (HAc) without and with 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). We augment results from these techniques with molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory, as computational modelling techniques. In the absence of HCl, the inhibitor adsorbs firmly on the steel surface, displays a strong cathodic influence on corrosion potential (Ecorr) and current density (icorr), and minimizes both general and pitting corrosion with ∼ 80 % efficiency. The presence of HCl furnishes abundant H+ ions that significantly diminish the cathodic influence of BPHB, blocks its firm adsorption and, although it reduces the extent of general and pitting corrosion, lowers its efficiency to ∼ 70 %. Computational modelling techniques confirm electrochemical and surface probe results. The nitrogen atoms and CC bonds in the imidazole ring are the centers that facilitate BPHB adsorption. The inhibitor adsorbs in such a way as to maximize surface coverage. However, adsorption is more energetically favored in the absence of HCl, based on Eads calculations.

Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. leaf extract as a sustainable corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acidic environment

This study focuses on an investigation of the corrosion inhibition behavior of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. leaf extract (SPWE) of carbon steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid medium. Electrochemical methods demonstrated a corrosion inhibition efficiency of 94.65 ± 0.94 % when 2000 ppm extract is added to the corrosive solution. Furthermore, surface analysis results indicated that with the absence of an inhibitor, the steel surface suffered severe corrosion, while the corrosion density was slow, and a film was observed on the surface after applying the SPWE into a corrosive environment. The film formed by the chemical and physical adsorption of compounds such as polyphenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, and tannin onto the carbon steel surface has been qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in this study. Notably, increased immersion time and reaction temperature led to significant desorption of molecules, reflecting characteristic of physical adsorption. However, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of SPWE remained effective, particularly within the temperature range of 25–35 °C. Therefore, this study provides an efficient inhibitor for carbon steel corrosion in 1.0 M hydrochloric acidic environment that could be possibly added to the corrosion inhibitor system.

Compressive residual stress applied to a low-carbon steel surface alloyed with WC tool constituent elements according to friction stir processing

Friction stir processing (FSP) effectively improves the fatigue strength of arc-welded joints; however, wear of tools is inevitable in case of high-strength materials. Notably, a new benefit has been discovered: compressive residual stress is applied on the FSPed steel surface, alloyed with the WC tool constituent elements, contrasting with the tensile residual stress typically applied via conventional FSP. To elucidate the mechanism of compressive residual stress application, FSP was performed on a low-carbon steel plate at various rotational speeds. The alloyed topmost layers in the stir zone comprised martensite structures with a small amount of retained austenite grains, resulting in a hardness increase owing to the tool constituent elements. The residual stresses on the stir zone surface were influenced by the alloying contents and the corresponding martensite start temperature (Ms). Compressive residual stresses were maximized at an Ms of approximately 150 °C owing to martensitic transformation expansion near room temperature. Lowering the Ms below approximately 150 °C led to tensile residual stresses and an increased volume fraction of the retained austenite, suggesting that martensitic transformation expansion is insufficient to apply compressive residual stress. Conversely, the retained austenite can resist plastic deformation and crack propagation through deformation-induced martensitic transformation, thereby enhancing fatigue properties.

Study on microstructure and thermal shock resistance of plasma sprayed Cr2O3/8YSZ composite coating

In order to explore the high temperature performance of Cr2O3/8YSZ composite coating, four kinds of Cr2O3/8YSZ composite coatings were prepared on the surface of Q235 steel by using the plasma spraying technology (the content of 8YSZ is 50%, 30%, 20% and 0%, respectively). The morphology of the coating was characterized through thermal field emission scanning electron microscopy, and the distribution of elements in the section of the coating was scanned by using EDS line. The phase composition of the composite coating was analyzed by using X-ray diffractometer, and the surface roughness of the composite coating was measured by using surface profilometer. The microhardness of the coating was measured by using automatic micro-Vickers hardness tester, and the scratch resistance of the coating was compared by using scratch tester. The thermal shock resistance of the coating was tested in Gleeble-3800 thermal physical simulator, and the cross section morphology after thermal shock was observed and analyzed. The results show that when the ratio of Cr2O3 to 8YSZ is 7∶3, the sample coating has good thermal shock resistance due to the deflection effect of 8YSZ on the vertical cracks and the thermal stress release effect of the pores and cracks in the coating.

Stress corrosion cracking behaviors of carbon steel in liquid ammonia

As a carbon-free hydrogen-rich energy carrier, ammonia has gained increasing attention and application in the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. This study evaluated the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) sensitivity of four target materials, A516-70, 16MnDR, 15MnNiDR, and Q370DR, in a liquid ammonia environment at 25 °C and 1.03 MPa by slow stress rate tests to determine their SCC sensitivity index. The microstructure, grain size, misorientation, hardness, strength, and micro-fracture morphology of these materials were compared to analyze the SCC mechanism. The results showed that 15MnNiDR exhibited significant SCC sensitivity while both 16MnDR and A516-70 demonstrated certain levels of SCC sensitivity in liquid ammonia. However, Q370DR showed no SCC sensitivity under these conditions. The misorientations observed align with the strains experienced by each respective carbon steel in liquid ammonia. An unstable passivation film formed on the surface of 15MnNiDR steel when exposed to liquid ammonia whereas Q370DR developed a stable oxide film which contributed to its weak SCC sensitivity.

Corrosion behavior of Q345 and Q235 steels in simulated neutral soil solution

Abstract Q345 and Q235 steels are widely used in infrastructure and manufacturing. Examining the corrosion behavior of two types of steel in a neutral soil environment can facilitate the assessment of the service life of the steel machinery, thereby mitigating potential corrosion failures. In order to investigate the corrosion and mechanism of Q345 and Q235 steels in the neutral soil solution, an electrochemical test, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to analyze the corrosion morphology, corrosion product, and electrochemical polarization curves. The results showed that no visible pitting pits were observed on the surfaces of Q345 steel and Q235 steel. The corrosion types were mainly overall corrosion in the simulated neutral soil solution. The microstructure of Q235’s corrosion product exhibits greater compactness, facilitating the formation of Fe3O4. This compound demonstrates excellent binding ability with the metal matrix and hinders the continuous corrosion of the steel. Q235 steel has better corrosion resistance with a lower corrosion rate than Q345 steel in the simulated neutral soil solution. These findings contribute valuable information for material selection considerations in manufacturing machinery in neutral soil environments.

Corrosion inhibition performance and adsorption mechanism of new synthesized symmetrical diarylidenacetone-based inhibitor on C38 steel in 15 % HCl medium: Theoretical insight and experimental validation

Despite the engineering potential of using organic substances to protect vulnerable metallic materials from corrosive environments, the interaction mechanisms and adsorption processes that lead to the formation of hybrid materials remain poorly understood. Further research is necessary to elucidate how these organic compounds interact with metallic surfaces and the specific pathways through which they adsorb to form protective layers. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing more effective corrosion-resistant hybrid materials, which could significantly enhance the properties of metallic components and provide excellent electrochemical stability in various industrial applications. This work aims to explore the corrosion performance and interfacial mechanism of two symmetrical diarylidenacetone-based compounds, namely, (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl) penta-1,4-dien-3-one (MPD) and 2,6-di((E)-benzylidene) cyclohexan-1-one (BZC), in a bid to control the corrosion kinetics of C38 steel in aggressive environment. This assessment integrated experimental, surface, and theoretical explorations. The results of our study revealed the remarkable ability of MPD and BZC molecules to generate a dense, resistant protective film on the C38 steel surface. This protective film acted as a barrier, effectively blocking the penetration of corrosive ions and their interaction with the C38 substrate. The inhibition efficiencies of the investigated products exhibited a consistent rise with increased amounts of additives. The inhibition efficiency reached 95 % for MPD and 90 % for BZC at 10−3 M, as calculated from the fitting Nyquist diagrams. The interaction between the inhibitor and Fe(110) was studied utilizing density functional tight binding (DFTB) and Molecular dynamics simulations (MDS). The results demonstrate the formation of covalent bonds, with the molecules aligning in a parallel orientation of MPD and BZC. This alignment with experimental findings provides strong validation for the efficacy of the inhibitors in corrosion inhibition.

Assessment of Surface Treatment Systems for Protecting Concrete Structure

The BS EN 1504-2:2004 groups surface treatments into three types: impregnations, hydrophobic impregnations, and surface applied corrosion inhibitors. Impregnations reduce surface porosity by filling concrete pores, while hydrophobic impregnations create a water-repellent surface without filling pores. Surface applied corrosion inhibitors form a protective film on the rebar surface. Impregnation strengthens the surface by blocking pores with reaction products that reduce ingress of aggressive agents. Hydrophobic impregnation produces a hydrophobic and water-repellent surface that inhibits water penetration while allowing concrete to breathe. Corrosion inhibitors migrate to the steel surface and form a mono-molecular film, preventing further corrosion. In this study accelerated corrosion test was used for determination of the effectiveness of each category in offering corrosion protection by subjecting concrete specimens coated with these surface treatments to accelerated corrosion conditions that is intended to induce corrosion in the embedded rebars. This paper presents test results for the performance of these three surface treatments on grade G30 and G40 concretes. Results show that hydrophobic agents are more effective than traditional impregnates in reducing water absorption and chloride penetration.

Research on Steel Surface Defect Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv8n

Research on Steel Surface Defect Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv8n

“Evaluation of surface interaction of plant root extract components on mild steel surface in HCl medium: Electrochemical, and surface characterization approaches”

Mild steel materials are extensively used in various industrial operations in acidic conditions, but it susceptible to corrosion and lose its service life. Decalepis hamiltonii root extract (DHRE) containing several phytochemicals are readily interact on mild steel surface and prevent it from corrosion. The weight loss method, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that, DHRE inhibited maximum 97.19%, 97.35%, and 96.73%, respectively for corrosion of MS in 1 M HCl. Activation energy in the absence of the inhibitor was found to 80.89 kJ/mol, which increased to 140.55 kJ/mol with 200 ppm of DHRE concentration, indicating a higher energy requirement to undergo corrosion Scanning electron microscopy images of MS surface in presence of DHRE constituents, serving as a safeguard for MS corrosion. Atomic force microscopic images shows the corroded MS surface roughness in presence of DHRE reduced from 1048 nm to 682 nm. The variation of MS surface hydrophilic character was evaluated by contact angle measurements.

Gemini cationic surfactant of 1, 3-bis (dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) propane as a novel excellent inhibitor for the corrosion of cold rolled steel in HCl solution

Gemini surfactants have become the research focus of novel excellent inhibitors because of their special structure (two amphiphilic moieties covalently connected at head group by a spacer) and excellent surface properties. It is proved by theoretical calculations that 1, 3-bis (dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) propane (BDDACP) molecules can perform electron transfer with Fe (110). And it has a small fraction free volume, thus greatly reducing the diffusion and migration degree of corrosive particles. The potentiodynamic polarization curve showed that coefficients of cathodic and anodic reaction less than 1 and polarization resistance increased to 1602.9 Ω cm−2 after added BDDACP, confirming that BDDACP significantly inhibited the corrosion reaction by occupying the active site. The electrochemical impedance spectrum of imperfect semi-circle shows that the system resistance increases and double layer capacitance after added BDDACP. Weight loss tests also confirmed that BDDACP forms protective film by occupying the active sites on steel surface, and the maximum inhibition efficiency is 92 %. Comparison of the microscopic morphology showed that steel surface roughness was significantly reduced after added BDDACP. The results of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry show that steel surface contains some elements from BDDACP, which confirms the adsorption of BDDACP on steel surface.

Construction of Smart Coatings Containing Core-Shell Nanofibers with Self-Healing and Active Corrosion Protection.

With increasingly severe metal corrosion, coating preparation with high-performance corrosion protection has attracted more attention. Herein, the encapsulation of the corrosion inhibitor 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) as well as the self-healing agent linseed oil (LO) in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) shells were realized by coaxial electrospinning, which was recorded as PVA/CS@LO/8-HQ core-shell nanofibers. PVA/CS@LO/8-HQ nanofibers were employed to promote the high-performance corrosion protection of the epoxy coating. The anticorrosion mechanism was that the change of the local pH on the metal surface stimulated the release of 8-HQ from the nanofibers, which were then chelated with iron ions to form a complex. When cracks occurred and caused rupture of the nanofibers, LO was released and reacted with oxygen to cure them so that the cracks could be healed autonomously. The dynamic potential polarization curves showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the compound inhibitor LO + 8-HQ reached 87.54%, 90.31%, and 85.57% at pH = 3, 7, and 11, respectively, higher than that of the single corrosion inhibitor. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the LO and 8-HQ combination, forming a hydrogen bond interaction, promoted the adsorption of inhibitors on the steel surface. Scanning Kelvin probe and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy proved the self-healing corrosion protection properties of the epoxy coating. These results demonstrated that embedding PVA/CS@LO/8-HQ nanofibers in the coating could obtain self-healing properties, and promote the mechanical and corrosion protection of epoxy coating.

Folic acid as a green inhibitor for corrosion protection of Q235 carbon steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution

AbstractThis study combines experimental and theoretical explorations. The corrosion inhibition performance of different concentrations (50, 100, 250, and 500 ppm) of folic acid in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution on Q235 steel was tested by weight loss and electrochemical test. The corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with the gradual increase of folic acid concentration and reached a maximum of 87% at 500 ppm folic acid. The experimental results for electrochemistry and weight loss are in good agreement with the simulation calculations. The adsorption of folic acid on the steel surface obeyed the Langmuir isotherm, and the adsorption process was a combination of chemisorption and physisorption. The contact angle test also yielded the maximum increase in hydrophobicity of the specimen surface at the added folic acid concentration of 500 ppm. The corrosion morphology after the addition of corrosion inhibitor was relatively flat. The adsorption orientation of folic acid molecules on the steel surface in an aqueous environment was investigated using density functional theory (DFT)/molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The microscopic mechanism of action of folic acid corrosion inhibitors is clarified.

Sodium humate as green corrosion inhibition for enhanced corrosion resistance of EH40 ship plate steel

A new green corrosion inhibitor was extracted and prepared from available and inexpensive natural humic plant humus for the corrosion inhibition of EH40 steel in a 15 % HCl medium. The corrosion inhibition properties of SH were evaluated using weight loss, cyclic voltammetry, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The morphology of EH40 steel was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that, the optimum concentration of sodium humate was 1.0 gL−1 with an inhibition efficiency of above 95 %. The corresponding corrosion inhibition mechanism was proposed, in which the corrosion inhibitor formed a film on the surface of EH40 steel as a result of the synergistic adsorption effect of chemistry and physics, improving its corrosion retention in the strong acid medium.

Turning Waste into Treasure: Invasive Plant Ambrosia trifida L Leaves as a High-Efficiency Inhibitor for Steel in Simulated Pickling Solutions.

High toxicity is the main reason for the limited application of traditional corrosion inhibitors. Herein, it is critical to find a green, efficient, and long-term stable alternative substitute for the hazardous and conventional corrosion inhibitor. Ambrosia trifida L is widely distributed in fields and riverside wetlands as an invasive plant in China. According to the concept of turning waste into treasure, the extract of Ambrosia trifida L leaves (ATL) has the potential to address this issue due to its natural origin and abundant presence of heterocyclic organics. Therefore, ATL, as a green corrosion inhibitor, is prepared for the first time via a simple water-based extraction method. FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and UV-Vis (UV-visible) indicate that ATL extract contains abundant heterocyclic organics with conjugated structures, which exhibit the potential to become a high-efficiency inhibitor. Notably, the active sites of ATL molecules and their interaction with Q235 steel at the molecular/atomic level are revealed via theoretical calculations. The highest Ebinding value observed for the major components in the ATL extract is 259.66 kcal/mol, implying a significant adsorption capacity. The electrochemical results verify that microdose ATL extract can prominently inhibit steel corrosion, and the highest inhibition efficiency (η) is 97.5% (1000 mg/L). Following immersion for 24 h, the η value is enhanced to 99.0%, indicating a reliable and long-term ATL extract protection film is formed on the steel surface in harsh acidic solutions. The results of the weight loss, SEM (scanning electron microscope), and LSCM (laser scanning confocal microscopy) are consistent with the above conclusions. Finally, this study anticipates providing theoretical support for developing novel green plant extract inhibitors and aiding in their application in industrial pickling environments.

The anticorrosive efficacy of newly synthesized pyrido-bis(benzo[b]azoninone) analogs on carbon steel under sweet corrosive environments: A combined empirical and theoretical approaches

This study presents a novel and eco-friendly approach to address the critical challenge of carbon steel corrosion in CO2-rich saline environments, a significant concern in the oil and gas industry. We report the efficient synthesis of a new class of corrosion inhibitors: pyrido-bis(benzo[b]azoninone) (PSA) analogs. These PSA derivatives were conveniently prepared using a one-pot, three-component reaction under microwave irradiation, with their chemical structures confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The effectiveness of the synthesized PSA derivatives was then evaluated for their ability to protect N80 steel in a CO2-saturated 3.5 % NaCl solution. The results were impressive, with the PSA demonstrating outstanding corrosion inhibition efficiencies ranging from 94.6 % to 96.2 %. Electrochemical measurements (potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) revealed that the PSAs act as mixed-type inhibitors, adhering to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm on the steel surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis provided further evidence, confirming the formation of a protective barrier on the steel by the adsorbed PSA. Theoretical support for these findings comes from density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which establish a connection between the theoretical predictions and experimental observations. Additionally, MC simulations further corroborated the effectiveness of PSA adsorption on the iron (110) surface. In conclusion, this research offers groundbreaking insights into developing exceptionally efficient and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors using novel PSA analogs. This approach holds significant promise for mitigating the challenges the oil and gas industry faces in protecting steel infrastructure in harsh CO2-rich environments.

MAA-YOLOv8: enhanced steel surface defect detection through multi-head attention mechanism and lightweight feature fusion

In the process of industrial production, product defects often arise due to improper operations among other reasons, rendering the detection of such flaws an indispensable procedure. However, the vast array of defect types, coupled with their complex characteristics, poses ongoing challenges for contemporary defect detection algorithms within industrial settings. To solve this problem, the present study introduces an enhanced steel surface defect detection model based on the modified YOLOv8 algorithm-termed the MAA-YOLOv8 model-to augment the accuracy and practicality of the algorithm. Initially, a multi-head attention mechanism was incorporated into the C2f to bolster the feature extraction capabilities within the backbone network and diversify the attention maps. Secondly, in the neck structure, we design a multi-channel feature fusion module (McPAN) to solve the problem of balance between computational efficiency and the ability to capture useful features. A series of experiments conducted on the NEU-DET dataset reveal that the MAA-YOLOv8 model achieves a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 94.4%, representing an enhancement of 11.1% over the original YOLOv8s model. The MAA-YOLOv8 model proposed in this study substantially elevates the performance of steel surface defect detection while ensuring the speed of detection.

Corrosion study of glass coated high strength low alloy steel

In the present study, the glass slurry coating to a high-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA) substrate was investigated for corrosion resistance material. The crystallographic phases, degree of crystallinity, lattice parameters, and potential changes due to the coating process, and microstructural changes such as visual inspection of the surface, revealing thickness, uniformity, adhesion, potential defects, and elemental composition of the bare and coated steel were investigated by using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy and electron dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The electrochemical behavior of the bare and coated steel samples was compared using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at various immersion periods in a 3.5 wt.% of sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. The higher corrosion resistance and lower corrosion rates of the coated steel surfaces were observed. The protection effectiveness of coatings is evaluated by examining their impedance and polarization characteristics. The effectiveness of the glass coatings in inhibiting corrosion is attributed to their role as a physical barrier and their ability to release corrosion inhibitors into the surrounding electrolyte. This information can be crucial for real-world applications requiring corrosion resistance.