Establishing pasture on ploughable land in the Te Anau district by surface sowing has been successful and this method proved less costly than conventional cultivation techniques. Clover must be inoculated, preferably coated and sown as soon as possible after inoculation. It is desirable to coat the grass seed, particularly if application is to be made from the air. At least 1,255 kg/ ha of superphosphate are recommended in the first twelve months, plus molybdenum. The herbage of ,the unimproved land should be adequate to protect the seedlings, yet not too dense to stop the pelleted seed making contact with the soil. Burning is undesirable. An even distribution of seed is essential. These areas will carry 9.5 stock units/ha in the fourth year.