Nonwoven Surface Research Articles

Laser Cutting of Non-Woven Fabric Using UV Nanosecond Pulsed Laser.

The efficient cutting of non-woven fabric shows great significance to the development of the textile industry. In recent years, laser cutting technology has been widely applied in the clothing industry due to its high efficiency and cutting quality. In this work, a UV nanosecond pulsed laser with a wavelength of 355 nm and a max power of 6.5 W is used to cut non-woven fabric with a thickness of 0.15 mm. The variation of kerf width, surface morphology, and chemical contents are investigated under different laser processing parameters, and the optimal processing parameter is determined. The experimental results demonstrate that the degree of crystallization and chemical composition of the kerf on the non-woven fabric surface is significantly influenced by laser cutting parameters such as laser scanning speed (from 100 to 700 mm/s) and frequency (from 20 to 70 kHz). The scanning speed of 500 mm/s and frequency of 30 kHz are considered the best parameters for achieving abundant energy for the complete and efficient cutting of non-woven fabric. In addition, the level of carbonization and oxidation reaches a relatively low value, and the kerf width is 0.214 mm, which is considered a reasonable value under the optimal processing parameters, showing high cutting quality. Furthermore, the effect of different cutting treatments on surface morphology and chemical contents is also studied. The experimental results present that the non-woven fabric cut by laser possesses a flat kerf, showing a similar effect to that of scissor cutting. Moreover, due to the programmability of laser processing patterns, it is possible to create more intricate designs on non-woven fabric. This facilitates the application and promotion of laser-cut non-woven fabrics. These results can provide a certain reference for laser cutting in the textile industry and are expected to allow for the cutting of high-quality kerf with low carbonization and oxidation.

In Situ Preparation of MnO2 on the Catechol/Silane-Coated Polypropylene Nonwoven Fabrics for Effective Removal of Cationic Dyes.

Previous studies have confirmed that MnOx removes heavy metal ions and organic pollutants from water with dual effects of adsorption and oxidation coupling, significantly improving the ability to remove impurities. Nanometal oxides have a highly reactive surface but tend to agglomerate during preparation and are challenging to recycle after use. A common method is to combine nano-MnO2 with Fe3O4 to prepare magnetic materials for easy recycling. Our previous research has confirmed that catechol (CA) and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (KH550) can be co-deposited on the surface of polypropylene nonwovens to form a stable CK coating under alkaline conditions. In addition, the coating has many active groups, including hydroxyl groups, amino groups, etc. This study further investigates the secondary reactivity of CK coatings. The coordination of catechol groups and metal ions was used to anchor manganese ions to the coating. Meanwhile, the hydroxyl and amino groups were used to reduce manganese ions to Mn4+ in situ to prepare PP-(CK-MnO2). We found that the sample had an excellent decolorization effect on cationic dyes but was limited to anionic dyes. The decolorization mechanism of cationic dyes was further discussed. The results showed that the decolorization of cationic dyes had a dual effect of adsorption and oxidative degradation. Under acidic conditions, its oxidation properties were enhanced. It can be used as a highly effective decolorizing agent for cationic dyes, and the decolorization behavior is consistent with the first-order kinetics. As the pH increases, its oxidation properties gradually decrease. Although the electrostatic adsorption effect was enhanced, the overall decolorization performance was significantly reduced. Recycling experiments have proved that it can maintain >90% removal rate after five cycles. This study also demonstrated that the CK coating has dopamine-like properties, which can coordinate with metal ions to prepare metal-organic hybrid materials.

Enhancing the coloration of polypropylene surfaces through low-frequency plasma modification with disperse dyes

This study focuses on the effective coloring of nonwoven polypropylene surfaces, achieved through the application of oxygen and nitrogen plasma treatments in a vacuum environment using cold plasma. Various plasma durations were employed to introduce experimental diversity into the samples. Following surface modification, dispersal dyeing based on benzenesulphonamide was performed. To evaluate the impact of surface modification, comprehensive characterization tests, including SEM, FTIR-ATR, XRD, and XPS, were conducted. Performance effects were scrutinized through color spectrum values (CIE L*, a*, b*, and K/S values), tearing strengths and contact angle measurements. Furthermore, fastness tests for washing (color change and staining) and for rubbing (dry and wet) were carried out to examine the effect of surface modification on dyed polypropylene nonwoven fabrics. According to the test results, a notable increase in K/S values was observed after plasma treatments. The impact of nitrogen and oxygen plasma treatment on polypropylene surfaces was comprehensively evaluated, considering performance properties across all characterization processes.

One-pot preparation of one-dimensional hierarchically porous carbon@SnO2 nanocomposites for flexible fabric-based supercapacitor electrodes

The design of functional energy storage materials with superior performances has become the focus topic with the growing energy crisis in recent years. Herein, porous carbon nanofibers@tin dioxide (PCNFs@SnO2) composites are prepared by one-pot electrospinning and followed by carbonization. The PCNFs@SnO2 possesses a hierarchically porous structure containing mesopores and micropores. The specific surface area is as high as ∼ 559.4 m2 g−1, and the total pore volume can reach 0.28 cm3 g−1. Meanwhile, the nonwoven fabric surface is coated with a silver layer through the screen printing technique to obtain silver-coated nonwoven fabric (SNF). Importantly, PCNFs@SnO2 and SNF are combined to obtain flexible fabric-based functional materials. As a primary energy application, the prepared PCNFs@SnO2/SNF electrode has a high mass specific capacitance of 583.1 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, a high area specific capacitance of 933 mF cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2, and a good rate capability (70 % at 10 A g−1). The supercapacitor device with two PCNFs@SnO2/SNF electrodes also shows outstanding cycling durability, capacitor retention is as high as ∼ 91.52 %, after 10000 charging/discharging cycles. In brief, our study may provide an innovative route for designing hierarchically porous one-dimensional carbon nanocomposites for supercapacitors with high performances.

Amphiphilic Superspreading Polymer Membranes Prepared by Capillary Force-Driven Self-Assembly.

To overcome the two main obstacles of large-scale application of superspreading material, self assembly is used to prepare superspreading polymer membrane (SPPM) in this work. An amphiphilic SPPM is prepared by capillary force-driven self assembly using PP melt-blown nonwovens and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The prepared SPPM has low preparation cost and stable performance since self assembly needs low energy consumption, and the production is thermodynamically stable. By using cryo-electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectrum and scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It is proved that PVA is successfully assembled on the fiber surface of PP melt-blown nonwovens. The prepared SPPM has excellent spreading performance, the "spreading times" of both water and oil are less than 0.5 s. They showed much superior performance compared to traditional materials when applied in oil-water separation, seawater desalination, and ion separation. This work will definitely promote the development of self assembly, superspreading materials, and related sciences.

Facile dip-coating of silk fibroin/tannic acid@CaCO3 hybrid film with superhydrophilicity on the surface of polypropylene nonwovens for oil–water separation

Superhydrophilic membrane materials are widely used for oil/water separation due to their excellent resistance to anti-fouling underwater. The key factors for realizing superhydrophilicity of membranes are the introduction of hydrophilic groups and the construction of surface micro/nano roughness structures. Herein, we propose a simple, mild, and green dip-coating method to prepare silk fibroin (SF)-tannic acid (TA)@CaCO3 hybrid film to achieve superhydrophilicity of polypropylene nonwovens (PP). Specifically, the hydrophobic interactions between SF and hydrophobic materials were used to create the pre-coatings. TA molecules were deposited onto the surface of SF via hydrogen bonding to provide phenolic hydroxyl groups for achieving the hydrophilicity of PP membranes. Then, the CaCO3 was synthesized in situ by introducing Ca2+ into the pre-coating while depositing TA to construct micro/nano-roughness structures on the PP membrane surface for obtaining superhydrophilicity. PP-SF-TA@CaCO3 membranes exhibit outstanding superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity, with separation efficiencies exceeding 99 % for a variety of oil–water mixtures and oil-in-water emulsions, and water fluxes ranging from 4000 L m-2h−1 to 5500 L m-2h−1. The separation efficiencies remained above 99 % throughout 50 separation cycles, indicating the excellent separation stability of the modified membranes. Moreover, no significant loss of separation efficiency was observed when separating oil mixtures from harsh water sources, including acidic, alkaline, cold, and hot water. Therefore, the membranes modified by the above process have a promising application in the practical separation of oily wastewater.

Enhancing the Production of Eco-Friendly Silk Fabrics through the Application of Nonthermal Plasma Wettability Techniques.

The combination of the effects of nonthermal plasma using atmospheric pressure of plasma jet and the photocatalytic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles was used to study the plasma flow modes, electrical characteristics, nonthermal characteristics, antimicrobial measurements, and surface modifications. Using different wettabilities of argon discharges in a laminar flow: (i) wet I, wettability with 2.4 slm argon mixture with oxygen ratio O2, equivalent to 15 mslm (Ar/O2), and (ii) wet II, wettability (Ar/O2) mixture combined with titanium dioxide, to accelerate the inactivation process on the nonwoven fabric surface. For wet 0, wet I, and wet II discharges, the average rate of heat transfer to the nonwoven silk fabric increased significantly. Specifically, it goes from 104.6 to 118.6 and then to 241.7 mW, respectively. The kinetic deactivation rate of Escherichia coli increases starting at 0.20, then going up to 0.32, and finally reaching 0.57 min-1. The increased wettability of the TiO2 photocatalyst results in an enhanced bactericidal rate, which is caused by both the heat impact from the nonthermal jet and potentially photocatalytic disinfection, leading to the generation of active species. The mechanical parameters owing to different wettabilities and plasma interactions with the fabric membrane were tested for the treated samples, such as stiffness, ultimate yield strength, tensile strength, strain, hardening, elongation, resilience, and toughness.

PVA/whey protein nanofiber-coated PP melt blown integrated with Pickering emulsion of citral stabilized for potential medical applications

As an antibacterial agent with pleasant fragrance, citral (CIT) indicates hydrophobic character, and therefore has low water solubility. In this study, Pickering emulsions were formed and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/whey protein hydrophilic nanofibers were coated on PP melt blown non-woven surfaces by electrospinning method. In this context, hydrophobic citral essential oil is stabilized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in the electrospinning process. PVA and whey protein polymer blend were used as nanofiber matrixes. The morphological, physical, and thermal properties of the β-CD/citral complexes were investigated in PVA/whey protein nanofiber-coated PP non-wovens at various β-CD levels (1:2, 1:4 and 1:6). Furthermore, zone inhibition procedure was performed to evaluate antibacterial activity of the samples against Gram (+) (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 25923) and Gram (-) (Escherichia coli ATCC® 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC® 27853) bacteria. The morphology of fibers showed that all obtained nanofiber-coated PP surfaces were in the range with 216 - 330 nm average fiber diameter. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) thermograms revealed that citral were successfully integrated into the bio-based nanofibers. As the amount of citral increased (i.e., the β-CD/citral increased), the thermal resistance of bio-based nanofiber coated PP surfaces increased. Antibacterial activity indicated the citral-loaded nanofiber-coated PP surfaces were most effective against Escherichia coli, while none of the samples have antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Overall, the results displayed that the fabricated PVA/whey protein nanofiber-coated PP samples integrated with Pickering emulsion of citral stabilized have promising wound dressing applications.

Plasma-induced Polymerization and Grafting of Acrylic Acid on the Polypropylene Nonwoven Fabric Using Pulsed Underwater Diaphragm Electrical Discharge

Polypropylene (PP) nonwovens are used in many hygiene, healthcare and medical products due to their low cost, high chemical resistance and inertness. From an economic point of view, PP textiles would be used as an excellent support material in regenerative medicine or tissue engineering, but here surface functionalization is necessary to ensure cell adhesion and proliferation. Acrylic acid (AAc) is an excellent source of carboxylic-rich (-COOH) coatings suitable for this purpose, but their multistep preparation is time-consuming. Plasma polymerization provides an excellent solution to this demanding procedure since the process of polymerization and grafting to the substrate takes place simultaneously. Here, we propose a relatively fast and effective method for AAc plasma polymerization by using a pulsed underwater diaphragm electrical discharge operated in an aqueous solution consisting of AAc. AAc layers are successfully grafted onto PP nonwovens, which are continuously rewound through the slit where the plasma is generated. The presence of plasma polymerized AAc layer in the fibrous structure of PP nonwoven was monitored by SEM, FTIR and XPS measurements. Additionally, the improved wettability and adhesion characteristics were investigated by the critical wetting surface tension (CWST) method, the standard method of strike-through time (STT) and „tape-peel“ test. Resulting AAc modified PP nonwoven possesses hydrophilic character, enhanced adhesion and a considerable amount of -COOH groups on the surface. Although after the washing test the FTIR and XPS results indicated a lower concentration of the carboxylic groups, the CWST and STT measurements confirmed the stable hydrophilic character of the PP nonwovens surface.

Surface-mediated self-assembly of click-reactive cello-oligosaccharides for fabricating functional nonwoven fabrics

ABSTRACT Polymer fabrics are versatile materials used in various fields. Surface modification methods for hydrophobic polymer fibers have been developed to endow the materials with water wettability and functionality. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge to freely introduce functional groups to polymer fiber surfaces in a simple manner. Herein, we report the decoration of nonwoven fabric surfaces with azidated cello-oligosaccharide assemblies via molecular self-assembly. Cello-oligosaccharides with a terminal azido group were enzymatically synthesized and allowed to self-assemble in polyolefin, polyester, and vinylon nonwoven fabrics. It was found that the functional oligosaccharides formed bark-like assemblies on the nonwoven fiber surfaces, probably through heterogeneous nucleation. The hydrophilic oligosaccharide assemblies made the hydrophobic nonwoven surfaces water-wettable. Moreover, the azido group at oligosaccharide terminal was available for the post-functionalization of the modified nonwovens. In fact, an antigen was successfully conjugated to the modified nonwovens via the click chemistry. The antigen-conjugated nonwovens were useful for the specific and quantitative detection of a corresponding antibody. Our findings demonstrate the great potential of cello-oligosaccharide assembly for the functionalization of fabrics and other polymeric materials.

Comparison of in situ and padding method to incorporate Green synthesized AgNPs by using Calendula arvensis into nonwoven fabrics

Nonwoven fabrics are the primary source of disposable medical clothing, which cause a huge medical waste. One possible way to reuse this disposable clothing is through antibacterial treatment. Among various metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are preferable regarding ecology and human health. Green synthesis is an ecological alternative to synthesize AgNPs from silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized from Calendula arvensis extract and AgNO3 at a certain temperature and incorporated into the fabric by padding and in-situ method. The pretreatments applied to the nonwoven fabric were found very important in terms of providing antibacterial activity. AgNPs applied according to the in situ method could provide 99% antibacterial activity on nonwoven surface fabrics. The samples treated by AgNPs with the in situ method performed better for both particle filtration efficiency (PFE) and bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) than the samples treated with the padding method.

FEASIBILITY STUDY ON PREPARATION OF RICE STRAW NONWOVEN COATED WITH CHITOSAN FOR REACTIVE DYE ADSORPTION

Rice straw is the most abundant agricultural waste material in Thailand. Therefore, this research was interested in utilizing rice straw and adding value by preparing a reactive dye bioadsorbant. The aims of this research were to prepare rice straw nonwovens by the wet-laid process, study chitosan-coated nonwovens by the dip coating method, and evaluate the reactive dye adsorption capacity of the coated nonwovens. The ratio of weight per unit area of the prepared nonwovens was controlled. The nonwovens were dipped in chitosan solutions (0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt% of chitosan) to prepare chitosan coated nonwovens. Reactive dye adsorption capacity, chemical structure, morphology, and physical properties of the nonwovens were investigated. It was found that rice straw nonwoven coated with chitosan increased in thickness, hardness, and water resistance properties with increasing chitosan concentration. Chitosan-coated nonwoven, at 15% chitosan concentration and a contact time of 72 hours, was able to adsorb 38.40% of the reactive azo dye, C.I. Reactive Blue 194 (50 mg/L). The dye absorbency of the chitosan-coated nonwovens increased with the increase in the chitosan-coated concentration and the contact time. In addition, the chitosan-coated nonwovens could remain on rice straw cellulose nonwoven surfaces under reactive dye immersion for at least 72 hours without change. The results indicated that rice straw nonwovens coated with chitosan by the dip coating method had reactive dye adsorption abilities.

Modification of nonwoven polymer materials for increasing of their filtration and antibacterial properties

AbstractPolytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT), and zinc oxide (ZnO) were used to modify the polypropylene nonwoven material by the methods of “wet chemistry” and low‐energy electron beam deposition (EBD). The influence of nonwoven material modification on the morphology, chemical composition, filtration, and antibacterial properties was established. The modified material has antibacterial activity against the gram‐positive strain Staphylococcus aureus and against gram‐negative strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (suppression of bacterial growth for materials with OCT was 100%, with ZnO—70%). PTFE application to Aquaspun leads to a significant increase in the contact angle (from 141.3° to 152.7°) and air filtration efficiency (from 78.3% to 83.4%), which provides the barrier properties of the material. It was established that the material obtained using low‐energy EBD demonstrated a more pronounced antimicrobial potential against the tested strains of St. aureus.Highlights The influence of polypropylene nonwoven materials surface modification methods is systematically investigated. Low‐energy electron beam deposition increases antibacterial and filtration properties of nonwoven materials. Surface modification methods increase barrier properties of polypropylene nonwoven materials.

Development of a Layer Made of Natural Fibers to Improve the Ecological Performance of the Face Mask Type II.

The aim of this study was to develop a natural nonwoven layer made of cottonized bleached flax and cotton fibers which is suitable to replace one of the three polypropylene layers of face mask type II in order to reduce non-biodegradable waste production and limit the negative impact of used masks on the environment. The work focused on the design of a nonwoven structure based on properly blending cotton and flax fibers as well as ensuring the cover factor, which can support the mask's barrier properties against air dust particles and does not make breathing difficult. Additionally, a biodegradable film was developed to connect the nonwoven layer with the other polypropylene filtering layers. The effectiveness of the biodeterioration of the flax/cotton nonwoven was evaluated based on a test of the susceptibility of materials to the action of soil microorganisms. The flax/cotton nonwoven layer was tested in terms of mechanical, physical, and biophysical properties, and an analysis of the covering of the nonwoven surface with fibers was conducted as well. The results confirmed that the structure of flax/cotton nonwovens is suitable to replace the nondegradable polypropylene layer of the face mask type II to improve its environmental performance.

Surface nano-engineering of cellulosic textiles for superior biocidal performance and effective bacterial detection

In medical, healthcare, and packaging industries, antibacterial textiles are widely used. However, contamination of textiles with bacteria can result in exclusive cross-infection. To address this issue, we devised an engineering strategy for creating organic–inorganic hybrid layers on the surface of fiber materials by combining MXene quantum dots (MQDs) with highly efficient antimicrobial agents, endowing the textiles with dual functions of bacterial killing and monitoring. Surface-functionalized MQDs were anchored on the surface of cellulose nonwovens (CNWs) by hydrogen bonding (MQDs@CNWs), followed by immobilization of Ni2+ ions by metal affinity coordination (Ni@MQDs@CNWs). In the last step, the antimicrobial compounds with catechol moieties were coordinated with Ni2+ to produce the modified textile named as NCA@Ni@MQDs@CNWs. Fluorescence (FL) recovery experiments demonstrated that NCA@Ni@MQDs@CNWs had differential FL recovery ability after exposure to pathogens with different concentrations indicating its ability for bacteria monitoring. Moreover, NCA@Ni@MQDs@CNWs exhibited excellent bactericidal efficiencies of >99.99% against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in a 30-min. This work presents a novel approach for design and fabrication of biocidal textiles with ability of sensing bacteria.

Surface Modification of PP and PBT Nonwoven Membranes for Enhanced Efficiency in Photocatalytic MB Dye Removal and Antibacterial Activity.

In this study, we developed highly efficient nonwoven membranes by modifying the surface of polypropylene (PP) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) through photo-grafting polymerization. The nonwoven membrane surfaces of PP and PBT were grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) in the presence of benzophenone (BP) and metal salt. We immobilized tertiary amine groups as BP synergists on commercial nonwoven membranes to improve PP and PBT surfaces. In situ Ag, Au, and Au/Ag nanoparticle formation enhances the nonwoven membrane surface. SEM, FTIR, and EDX were used to analyze the surface. We evaluated modified nonwoven membranes for photocatalytic activity by degrading methylene blue (MB) under LED and sunlight. Additionally, we also tested modified membranes for antibacterial activity against E. coli. The results indicated that the modified membranes exhibited superior efficiency in removing MB from water. The PBT showed the highest efficiency in dye removal, and bimetallic nanoparticles were more effective than monometallic. Modified membranes exposed to sunlight had higher efficiency than those exposed to LED light, with the PBT/Au/Ag membrane showing the highest dye removal at 97% within 90 min. The modified membranes showed reuse potential, with dye removal efficiency decreasing from 97% in the first cycle to 85% in the fifth cycle.

Ag-decorated PP nonwoven for excellent catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol and antibacterial study

Silver particles have been frequently coated on the surface of substrates with the assistance of polydopamine due to their important catalytic and antibacterial properties. However, the polydopamine layer was not compact and the resulted particles on the substrates were easy to leak during the application process, especially in the aqueous environment. For mediating this, we coated Ag particles on the surface of polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric by codeposition of catechol and polyethyleneimine, with subsequent crosslinking by glutaraldehyde. The formation of Ag particles on PP nonwoven fabric surface was systematically characterized using SEM, EDS and elemental mapping, TEM, FTIR, XRD and TG. Batch experiment showed that Ag@PP nonwoven fabric could effectively degrade the model pollutant 4-nitrophenol in the presence of reduction agent NaBH4 with 100% degradation efficiency. The adsorption isotherm was assessed and displayed that the sorption of 4-nitrophenol on reactive Ag@PP nonwoven fabric followed the Freundlich model. The Ag@PP nonwoven fabric was easy to be recycled and could maintained 100% degradation efficiency after six cycles. The degradation process was monitored using HPLC/MS and the possible degradation mechanism was proposed. In addition, the Ag@PP nonwoven fabric showed excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. Overall, the material fabricated in this work would be a reusable catalyst for water purification and disinfection.

Moisture wicking textiles with hydrophilic oriented polyacrylonitrile layer: Enabling ultrafast directional water transport

Functional textiles with high-performance directional water transport for regulating human sweat are in high demand because of growing concerns about the role of comfort in the performance of wearer. However, the fabrication of such materials remains a critical job. Here, we report a facile strategy to develop hydrophilic oriented polyacrylonitrile (HOPAN)/hydrophilic polylactic acid @polyvinylidene fluoride (HPLA@PVDF) composite membrane with surface energy gradient for enhanced directional water transport. Three step fabrication strategy involves electrospinning of oriented polyacrylonitrile (OPAN fibers) on polylactic acid (PLA) nonwoven surface followed by dip-coating in hydrophilic agent, and single-side electrospray of PVDF dilute solution on HOPAN/HPLA. Combination of highly oriented fiber structure, differential pore size and asymmetric wettability between two layers enabled instant water transport. The resultant fabricated composite membranes offer superior properties with one-way transport capacity (R) of 1117%, overall moisture management capacity (OMMC) of 0.91, and excellent water vapor transmission rate of 11.6 kg m−2 d-1. The successful preparation of these fascinating directional water transport materials offers new insight into the role of fiber alignment along with differential apertures and asymmetric chemical structure for realizing membranes for quick-drying applications.

Analysis of Thermal Properties of Wet Nonwoven Fabric Type Carbon Surface Heating Element by Content Ratio and Insulation Material

Analysis of Thermal Properties of Wet Nonwoven Fabric Type Carbon Surface Heating Element by Content Ratio and Insulation Material

Production of Bacterial Cellulose Based Bio Nonwoven/ Nonwoven Composites for Medical Textile Applications

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a popular biomaterial which is used in innovative research in many fields thanks to its unique properties. In this study, BC as bio nonwoven structures are produced in Kombucha culture using ‘acetobacter xylinum’ bacteria in a static culture setting. Bio nonwoven surfaces are produced with the sandwich composite model. They use 15-25-60% cotton/ viscose/ polypropylene nonwoven surface fabric and 80-20% polypropylene /viscose nonwoven surface fabric while creating bio nonwoven surfaces. Water retention, porosity, dust retention, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), and TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) analysis of the obtained BC structures are investigated. As a result of the analysis, it is determined that the BC and BC composite structures, which have undergone hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide applications, have properties that can be used for medical purposes.