In reflection to the fact that aluminum paste printing ink has lower gloss and poor masking power in China, it can not meet the requirements of printing production. In this paper, through the surface modification of coated aluminum powder, five kinds of single surfactant were coated on the surface of aluminum powder by wet method in different proportions. The wettability, the floating property and the gloss of the coated aluminum powder were measured, and the influence mechanisms of the surfactants on the wettability and floating property of the aluminum powders and gloss of the aluminum paste printing ink were analyzed as well. The results showed that the wettability of the aluminum powder coated by 1% Oleic acid has the largest decrease, the floating property of the aluminum powder coated by 3% Tween-80 has the largest increase and the aluminum powder coated by 1% Polyvinyl alcohol has the highest gloss. The gloss of the coated aluminum powder increases to 73.8. Modified aluminum paste printing ink has higher gloss and stronger masking, thus can meet the printing requirements for aluminum paste printing ink.