Curved structures are inevitably involved in the regenerative cooling channel of scramjet engine. In this work, pyrolysis and coking characteristics of supercritical RP-3 aviation kerosene fuel were experimentally studied using an electrically heated U-bend tube with a curved structure and a straight tube. Furthermore, numerical simulations were conducted to obtain detailed information of local flow, heat transfer, pyrolysis, and coking deposition. The results showed that increasing system pressure and outlet temperature can improve the gas yield and conversion of the fuel and then improve the chemical heat sink and total heat sink. The wall temperature in the curved section of the U-bend tube showed an asymmetric V-shaped distribution due to the secondary flow caused by centrifugal force. The secondary flow effectively strengthened the heat transfer near the outer side of the curved section. As a result, the wall temperature at the outer side was about 17–56 K lower than that at the inner side. Meanwhile, the secondary flow in the curved section affected the uniformity of coke deposition distribution. It was found by scanning electron microscope images and surface energy spectrum analysis that the amount of wall coke deposition at the inner side was much greater than that at the outer side. This was because compared with the outer side, the inner side of the curved section had lower flow rate, higher wall temperature and greater concentration of coking precursor.