Surface Elements Research Articles

Automatic estimation of surface and probe location for 3D imaging with bidimensional arrays

Ultrasound imaging for Non Destructive Testing is frequently performed in an immersion setup, where water is used as coupling medium between the probe and the component under test. For the computation of the time delays needed for beam-forming, the shape of the component surface and probe location and orientation (PLO) must be known. In this work we develop methods for the automatic detection of the surface and the estimation of PLO for 2D array probes. In particular, the methods developed apply to three types of elementary surfaces which are usually found in industrial and structural components: planes, cylinders and spheres. The methods use the measured surface echoes Time of Flight (TOF) to fit parametric models based on ray propagation and reflection on the surface, giving the coordinates and Euler angles that define the PLO relative to the component under test. Validation experiments with four test specimens representing the three types of surfaces are presented . The accuracy and precision of estimated PLO coordinates and angles are analyzed, and a Total Focusing Method (TFM) imaging example is shown achieving a correct detection of artificial defects in the component for a different PLOs.

Thermally activated natural chalcopyrite for Fenton-like degradation of Rhodamine B: Catalyst characterization, performance evaluation, and catalytic mechanism

In this work, catalytic activity of natural chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) was improved by thermal activation. The modified chalcopyrite was used as efficient catalyst for degradation of organic dye Rhodamine B (RhB) through advanced oxidation process (AOP). Effects of catalyst dosage, H2O2 concentration, reaction temperature, solution pH, anions, and natural organic matter on the degradation efficiency of RhB were investigated. This study revealed that thermal activation at 300 °C changed the chemical valency of surface elements rather than transforming the major chemical phase of natural chalcopyrite. The Fenton-like degradation of RhB was significantly improved by thermally activated chalcopyrite. RhB degradation could be obtained under broad pH and showed high resistance to natural organic matter and anions. Under optimal conditions of H2O2 43.0 mM, catalyst 0.75 g/L, initial pH 5.1, and reaction temperature 25 °C, the degradation of RhB reached 96.7% at 50 min. Based on the rate constant of reaction kinetics, the activation energy for RhB degradation was calculated to be 9 kJ/mol. Radical scavenging experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique demonstrated that RhB degradation was dominated by the generated hydroxyl radicals in activated chalcopyrite/H2O2 system. The formation of surface sulfates resulted from thermal activation induced the dissolved copper or iron ions, and promoted H2O2 activation and facilitated RhB degradation by reactive hydroxyl radicals. This work provides an in-depth understanding of the mechanism behind thermal activation to enhance the activity of natural chalcopyrite, offering a theoretical basis for utilizing natural minerals for Fenton-like treatment of organic wastewater towards cleaner production.

Classification of seabed landforms on continental and island shelves

The increasing availability and quality of high-resolution bathymetry data has led to a growing need for automated classification approaches to extract seabed features and better understand our ever-changing and complex seascapes. Here we present a new set of GIS tools designed to classify seabed landforms on continental and island shelf settings. The classification approach utilises bathymetry data and its derivatives of slope, ruggedness and bathymetric position index to delineate key components of the seabed surface. The user is guided through a series of steps to break down the seabed surface into components termed ‘surface elements’ (e.g. smooth, rugose, slope areas), which are subsequently grouped into prominent seabed features termed ‘seabed landforms’ (e.g. reefs, channels, scarps). Manual review and editing are incorporated into the workflow, striking a balance between automation and expert manual interpretation. We present the toolset using examples from the statewide marine lidar dataset from New South Wales, Australia, and explore tool settings using bathymetric data representing different data sources (multibeam and marine lidar), environmental seascapes, data resolutions (2, 5, 10 and 20 m cell size) and data preparation treatments (with and without data smoothing). The GIS toolset presented offers an effective and flexible method to extract key features from high-resolution shelf bathymetry data. Such mapping provides fundamental baseline data for vast applications within marine planning, research and management.

A new insight into metasomatism through mass-density-solid volume variation maps

In order to present a new petrological approach to quantify mass transfer redistribution, especially regarding chemical zonation, published data of a centimeter sized aluminium-rich clinopyroxene from the Bergen Arcs in Norway is used. The sample comes from the island of Holsnøy where the dry granulite-facies protolith underwent hydration reaction under amphibolite-facies conditions. This aluminium-rich clinopyroxene developed kinks during deformation along which fluid has been introduced. It reacted in two different ways: to garnet plus a less aluminous pyroxene along kinks and to chlorite along cleavage planes. Compositional maps from electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) were coupled to the mass balance equation of Gresens (Gresens, 1967) to quantify for each pixel present in a studied surface area, element gains and losses, density changes and solid volume variations. This new method allows to estimate the solid volume variation associated with the reaction by assuming minimal mass transfer, or by considering an immobile element i.e. aluminium immobile or by preserving the mass during the reaction. Results demonstrate that for all three assumptions made, the actual mass behaviour does not change significantly for major elements as opposed to the solid volume variation and the actual sum of mass transfer. In the high strain domain (kink) the element losses and gains in replacing the aluminium-rich clinopyroxene by garnet, are balanced by the opposite gains and losses associated with the less aluminous clinopyroxene. This implies that the local fluid chemical composition required for the formation of one mineral is equal to that in equilibrium with the second one after the reaction. The same observation can be made regarding solid volume variation that is balanced between garnet and the less aluminous clinopyroxene. Considering now the specific reaction in the kink and outside the kink (chlorite), mass transfer and redox conditions (Fe3+ and Fe2+) tend to behave in the same way supposing a temporal relationship between these two parageneses.

Evaluation of the performance of the latest WRF model (V4.5) in simulating surface elements and its sensitivity to the diurnal SST cycle in the South China Sea

Evaluation of the performance of the latest WRF model (V4.5) in simulating surface elements and its sensitivity to the diurnal SST cycle in the South China Sea

Effect of ultrasonic surface rolling process on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of zirconium alloy in high-temperature water condition

Ultrasonic surface rolling processing (USRP) was carried out at zirconium (Zr) alloy with different rolling speeds to prepare gradient nanostructured layers, and the corrosion behavior of USRP treated Zr alloy was studied under 360 °C/18.6 MPa water condition. The surface morphology, microstructure, phase composition, and element distribution of USRP treated Zr alloy after corrosion was investigated. Results show that the oxide layer on Zr alloy comprises of t-ZrO2, m-ZrO2, and metal Zr. The thickness of oxide layer Zr alloy is reduced after USRP treatment, indicating that the gradient nanostructure can effectively improve corrosion resistance. This process is attributed to that the gradient nanostructure layer is helpful for the nucleation of equiaxed t-ZrO2 at the oxide/metal (O/M) interface with small grain size. The high compressive stress induced by USRP treatment is beneficial for the maintenance of t-ZrO2 phase and inhabiting the phase transformation from t-ZrO2 to m-ZrO2, which reduces the micro-cracks and defects due to volume expansion. The oxide layer on USRP treated Zr alloy with high content of t-ZrO2 phase presents a dense structure and prevents oxygen anions from diffusing to Zr alloy.

Multi-physical analysis of ablation for C/C composites based on peridynamics

C/C composite material is one of the most widely used thermal protection materials for hypersonic vehicles. As coupled with fluid dynamics, chemical reaction, heat transfer and ablation recession, its numerical simulation is challenging and complicated. In this study, a multi-physical analysis approach for the stripping process during ablation based on peridynamics is proposed. Aerodynamic parameters and heat flux distribution are determined by empirical formulas. The energy balance on the ablative wall has been taken into account for the thermal boundary conditions and the temperature field is obtained by using bond-based peridynamics. Then, the temperature-dependent dimensionless mass flux and surface recession rate are evaluated by solving the equations involving mass conservation of surface elements and chemical equilibrium of reactions. Meanwhile, considering the breaking of bonds and the deletion of material points in this model, the phenomenon of ablation and stripping process of material on the surface can be simulated. A C/C one-dimensional model is built to verify the effectiveness of the methodology, and the peridynamic results agree with the experimental observation from literatures well. Finally, after combining fluid dynamics, chemical reaction, heat transfer and ablation recession, the exterior shape and temperature field at a nose tip of a hypersonic vehicle are predicted.

Stabilized Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode by a Spontaneously Formed Yb and Oxygen-Vacancy Rich Layer on the Surface.

Li-rich layered oxides (LLOs) are among the most promising cathode materials with high theoretical specific capacity (>250 mAh g-1 ). However, capacity decay and voltage hysteresis due tostructural degradation during cycling impede the commercial application of LLOs. Surface engineering and element doping are two methods widely applied tomitigate the structural degradation. Here, it is found that trace amount lanthanide element Yb doping can spontaneously form a surficial Yb-rich layer with high density of oxygen vacancy on the LLO-0.3% Yb (Li1.2 Mn0.54 Co0.13-x Ybx Ni0.13 O2 where x = 0.003) cathodes, which mitigating lattice oxygen loss and the non-preferred layered-to-spinel-to-rock salt tri-phase transition. Meanwhile, there are also some Yb ions doped into the lattice of LLO, which enhance the binding energy with oxygen and stabilize the lattice in grain interior during cycling. The dual effects of Yb doping greatly mitigate the structure degradation during cycling, and facilitate fast diffusion of lithium ions. As a result, the LLO-0.3% Yb sample achieves significantly improved cycling stability, with a capacity retention of 84.69% after 100 cycles at 0.2 C and 84.3% after 200 cycles at 1 C. These finding shighlight the promising rare element doping strategy that can have both surface engineering and doping effects in preparing LLO cathodes with high stability.

The Doppler Characteristics of Sea Echoes Acquired by Motion Radar

The Doppler characteristics of sea surface echoes reflect the time-varying characteristics of the sea surface and can be used to retrieve ocean dynamic parameters and detect targets. On airborne, spaceborne and shipborne radar platforms, radar moves along with the platforms while illuminating the sea surface. In this case, the area of the sea surface illuminated by radar beam changes rapidly with the motion, and the coherence of the backscattered echoes at different times decreases significantly. Therefore, the Doppler characteristics of the echoes would also be affected by the radar motion. At present, the computational requirements needed to simulate the Doppler spectrum of the microwave scattering field from the sea surface based on numerical methods are huge. To overcome this problem, a new method based on the sub-scattering surface elements has been proposed to simulate the Doppler spectrum of sea echoes acquired by a moving microwave radar. A comparison with the results evaluated by the SSA demonstrate the availability and superiority of the new method proposed by us. The influences induced by radar motion, radar beamwidth, incident angle, and thermal noise on the Doppler characteristics are all considered in this new method. The simulated results demonstrate that the spectrum bandwidth of sea surface echoes acquired by radar on the dive staring motion platform becomes somewhat narrower.

Numerical research on dynamic responses of the emulsion pump crankshaft under multiple working conditions

The stability and safety of emulsion pumps are significantly influenced by crankshafts. However, the crankshaft of the emulsion pump bears complex torsional and bending stresses during operation; thus, it is prone to failure. The purpose of this paper is to determine the dynamic response of the crankshaft under various working conditions. The mechanical model of the power end of the emulsion pump is constructed, and the dynamic model is established by LS-DYNA. The stress distribution characteristics of the surface element of the crankpin in the pulsating impact cycle are analysed, and the dynamic response of the crankpin under multiple working conditions is studied. The results show that under the action of pulsating impact, the edge position of the crankpin is more likely to fail, especially at the second crankpin, and the maximum stress can reach 213 MPa. The dynamic impact of the connecting rod on the crankpin is positively correlated with the flow of the emulsion pump and the hydraulic pressure on the plunger, and the crankshaft vibration becomes more noticeable as the flow rate rises. Doubling the flow rate increases the vibration by 73.9 %. Our research results provide a reference for avoiding the failure of the crankshaft and optimizing the design.

Mechanism analysis of PI/PEEK interface bonding properties enhanced by atmospheric plasma treatment: Experiment and DFT calculation

Due to the increase of service temperature, the bond strength of polyimide composite film will decrease significantly, the continuity of the lapped structure is broken. Therefore, this study proposed a double-layer structure consisting of a polyimide (PI) substrate and Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) coating. The PI/PEEK interface adhesion was improved by using atmospheric plasma treatment. The surface wettability, surface chemical structure, surface element analysis, surface morphology and surface roughness of PI films were studied, respectively. The Materials Studio (MS) was used to model the active groups' grafting mechanism after plasma treatment. The results shown that the surface free energy increased obviously from 27.65 mJ/m2 to 66.93 mJ/m2. Reactive groups containing oxygen, such as C = O, C–O, were generated on the surface of PI film due to etching and addition reactions during the plasma process. The mechanical properties of PI films had little change after plasma treatment. The inorganic particles on the surface of the PI film were exposed by plasma etching, which would increase the adhesion between the PI film and the PEEK coating. MS simulated the sequence, relative energy change, and energy barrier of the three functional groups, revealing that the reactivity sequence of the three groups was: –OH > –COOH > –CO–.

Rapid and low-temperature preparation of tungsten oxide electrochromic thin films by oxygen plasma treatment

Electrochromic materials have attracted considerable attention due to their ability to change color reversibly and rapidly under an external electrical stimulus, making them highly promising for use in various applications such as smart windows, displays, and optical memory devices. In particular, tungsten trioxide (WO3) thin films have shown excellent electrochromic properties, leading to their wide application in electrochromic devices. In this study, oxygen plasma treatment was used to convert WCl6 thin film to WO3 electrochromic thin film on ITO glass substrate. Surface morphology, element composition, phase, optical property, and electrochromic characteristics of WO3 film are analyzed. It has been proved that the conversion of precursor films is rapid and efficient, the mean roughness and root mean square of amorphous WO3 thin film are lower than 1.8 nm and 2.2 nm respectively, and the film exhibits good electrochromic performance parameters. The optical modulation range and coloration efficiency of the film can reach 58.5% and 80.2 cm2/C before cycle and 56.3% and 84.0 cm2/C after 100 cycles, coloration time and bleaching time are within 10 s. The method of plasma treatment avoids annealing and prepare WO3 film with good and stable performance. This method has the potential to expand to other electrochromic materials, and provides a new solution for the large area preparation and flexible application of electrochromic materials.

TiO2-coated CeCoOx-PVP catalysts derived from Prussian blue analogue for synergistic elimination of NOx and o-DCB: The coupling of redox and acidity

Achieving efficient selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx and catalytic oxidation of dioxins (o-dichlorobenzene as a model) on one catalyst is still a big challenge. In order to balance the N2 selectivity of SCR and the catalytic oxidation of dioxins, the catalysts with suitable redox properties and acidity need to be designed. Herein, we synthesized Prussian blue analogue (PBA)-derived CeCoOx oxides for the simultaneous removal of NOx and o-DCB by a co-precipitation method. The crystallization rate of PBA was slowed down by the addition of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which increased the oxides size, enhanced the crystallinity of oxides and the uniformity of the surface elements distribution. These structural effects enhanced the low-temperature redox performance of the catalysts, and thus improved o-DCB conversion and CO2 selectivity. Furthermore, the PBA structure was coated by introducing TiO2, which improved the amounts of medium-acids and the mobility of oxygen species, thus increasing the mid-and high-temperature SCR performance and N2 selectivity. In addition, the H2O resistance and stability of the catalysts were enhanced due to the protective effect of the TiO2 coating on the PBA core. The optimized CeCoOx-PVP@TiO2 catalyst exhibited stable bifunctional removal efficiencies for NOx and o-DCB, with 90% NOx conversion and 92% o-DCB conversion at 300 ℃. The possible reaction mechanisms for NH3-SCR and the catalytic oxidation of o-DCB over the CeCoOx-PVP@TiO2 catalyst were proposed based on in situ DRIFTS experiments. This work provides an efficient strategy to design advanced catalysts for the elimination of dioxins and NOx.

Study on the decarbonization mechanism of composite adsorbent by Mg-MOF-74-based modified biochar

In this paper, the composite adsorbent by MOFs-based modified biochar was prepared by in-situ growth method based on the structural design of modified biochar and Mg-MOF-74, both of which contained unsaturated metal centers and oxygen-containing functional groups. The coupling mechanism between MOFs and biochar was investigated by CO2 adsorption properties and various characterizations. Based on the density functional theory (DFT), the three-dimensional model of composite adsorbent was constructed by combining the characterization of various microscopic properties to reveal CO2 adsorption mechanism of the composite adsorbent. Finally, the correctness of the microscopic mechanism of the composite adsorbent was verified by using surface element analysis. The results reveal that biochar causes lattice defects in MOFs, improving the pore structure, and the composite of biochar and MOFs increases the CO2 adsorption performance. Biochar is connected with Mg-MOF-74 through oxygen-containing functional groups and unsaturated metal centers to form a composite adsorbent. The four adsorption sites constructed with electron-bearing oxygen vacancies, metal ions, lattice oxygen, and chemisorbed oxygen are coupled to act on CO2 adsorption, chemisorption properties of the composite adsorbent are enhanced. MOFs are affected by the spatial site resistance effect brought by the biochar to produce oxygen defects, which couples with the unsaturated metal adsorption sites to realize the composite adsorption of metals. There is electron transfer during CO2 adsorption by the composite adsorbent and the stable carbonate is generated.

Limitations of the scattering coefficient for simulating early reflections

The introduction of the scattering coefficient has enabled geometrically-based acoustic simulations to produce full-length impulse responses of fairly high accuracy. However, the scattering coefficient is a random-incidence quantity that can be applied only when considering a statistical energy average over different directions. This model is inaccurate if a single reflection by a surface element is considered for which the scattered part of the sound energy depends strongly on the angle of incidence. The resulting deviation can be particularly relevant for first-order reflections as these reflections have significant influence on acoustic parameters that make use of early-energy estimates, such as D, C80 or LF. In this paper, the uncertainty of the specularly reflected energy is estimated and discussed for a number of typical surface structures and scenarios. The corresponding impact on the accuracy of predicted early-energy parameters is also discussed. Possible solutions and extensions such as an angle-dependent scattering model are outlined.

Contact Failure Characteristic Test and Overheating Analysis of UHV GIL Electrical Connection Structure

As the key component of the conductor of the gas-insulated power transmission equipment, the electrical connection structure bears high current, high stress and high temperature for a long time. Electrical contact failures become an important issue, while it’s failure characteristics and mechanisms are ambiguous so far. In this paper, based on complex electrical connection structures of gas-insulated transmission line (GIL), equivalent tests were conducted on the contact failure characteristics of such structure. Result shows that poor contact of the such electrical connection structure will cause two types of situations: micro-gap discharge and contact overheating. The causes of both are different. Firstly, micro slip is a kind of cause of discharge faults despite the separation gap is small. The current transfer area (b) of such contact structure is the main position where the arc starts. The contact stability at that location should be fully considered in the layout of such electrical connection structure. Secondly, combined with the surface morphology and element distribution, the mechanism of contact discharge and the source of metal particles are further explained by the occurrence of coating peeling and material transfer behavior. Finally, the difference in contact state is the main reason for a few contacts overheating. There is a significant temperature difference between contacts in different contact state. The temperature rises nonlinearly with the increase of the current under the condition of uneven current carrying. The above research can provide a practical basis for fault analysis and prevention of such electric contact structures in the UHV gas-insulated power transmission equipment.

Impact of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser, Sandblast, and Acid Etching Surface Modification on Surface Topography of Biodental Titanium Implants.

Introduction: Several techniques have been used to modify the surface of commercially pure titanium (CPTi) implants to improve osseointegration using lasers, sandblasts, sandblasts with acid etching, and other modalities. For implant-osseointegration, surface features like chemical composition of a surface, topography, and surface energy are essential. The present comparative study aimed to compare the impact of Er,Cr:YSGG laser, sandblasting, and acid etching implant surface modifications on the surface topography, roughness, and element chemical composition of the Ti dental implant. Methods: Thirty CPTi dental implants were divided into three groups according to the surface modification (n=10 for each group): Group A: Sandblasting with acid etching (SLActive), group B: Sandblasting, and group C: Er,Cr:YSGG laser surface modifications. The modified surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), profilometer, and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS). Results: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there were significant differences in the mean values of average roughness (Ra) of the three groups (P<0.05). Tukey's post hoc test showed that the average roughness (Ra) of laser-surface modification (group C) of the implant had the highest mean value (2.30 µm) among the different groups, while sandblasted surface modification (group B) of the implant had the lowest mean value (1.39 µm). The SLActive (group A) sandblast with acid etching had a mean value of 1.63 µm. SEM analysis showed that significantly modified surface topographies and different element concentrations were found within all modified groups. Conclusion: The Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation increased the implant surface roughness value after implant surface modification, compared to sandblasts and sandblasts with acid etching application. The observations for the SEM-EDS analysis revealed several elements with different concentrations, which were affected by the physical-chemical characteristics of the surface modification techniques. The SEM analysis showed a significant modification in implant surface topographies of the tested groups.

Antibacterial and enhanced stability of carbon dot based on L-arginine modified by HPMC

Carbon dots tend to aggregate into clusters during lyophilisation, and the obtained powder is highly hygroscopic and not easy to store. This study introduces a simple way to solve it. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose(HPMC)was selected to enhance the stability of carbon dot powder after freeze-dried. Firstly, an interesting carbon dot had been prepared from L-arginine via hydrothermal method, which showed certain antibacterial properties towards E. coli and S.aureus. Secondly, mixing carbon dots aqueous solution with HPMC according to mass ration and stirred evenly. Put the mixture into freeze drying oven until dried, and got the powder, which was tested by XPS and IR. The results demonstrated that the content of surface element in carbon dots powder has changed and owned the characteristics of HPMC. The developed carbon dot powder exhibited similar antibacterial and optical properties to those solutions and emitted significant blue fluorescence when irradiated by an ultraviolet lamp. Importantly, the solid carbon dot powder has high stability under ambient temperatures. It is stable in storage for up to one year and is no longer hygroscopic. However, the common carbon dot aqueous solution without HPMC after freeze-drying is extremely hygroscopic at room temperature and not easy to store.

Allergy to Cannabis Pollen in a Changing World

Globally, the family of Cannabaceae (hemp) — dicotyledonous plants of the order Rosaceae Rosales (formerly the order Urticales nettle) includes two allergenic genera, namely: hemp and hops. It is estimated that only one male cannabis flower produces about 350,000 pollen grains, and if the plant includes hundreds of flowers, then it gives a lot of pollen in the air, carried far enough. Given that marijuana is legalized as a light drug in many countries, the effects of Cannabis on health, including allergies, are coming to the forefront of medical research and interest. As an aeroallergen, hemp pollen causes allergic rhinitis, allergic keratoconjunctivitis, hypersensitive pneumonitis and exacerbation of bronchial asthma symptoms. Cannabis is one of the oldest cultures of mankind, and records of its use in food, fiber, medicine and intoxication date back more than 6,000 years. Until 1965, hemp was grown in Kyrgyzstan as a technical crop for the production of bags, twine and ropes. The Pasture Department of the Ministry of Agriculture suggests returning to the cultivation of cannabis, and as the agricultural cannabis industry grows, Cannabis sativa may also become a more serious aeroallergen. According to the State Drug Control Service, now wild cannabis grows in the country on an area of 2,617 hectares, which is equal to the area of 12 Monaco. Hemp pollen is not among the top ten global aeroallergens, but it has common features: small size, similar morphology, high pollen production. The purpose of the presented article was to conduct palynomorphological studies of native cannabis pollen, classify the identified teratomorphoses and evaluate the standardized contribution of cannabis to the aerobic situation. Biomonitoring of cannabis pollen from various observation points in Kyrgyzstan using light and scanning electron microscopy revealed 4 types of teratomorphoses of varying degrees of complexity: 1) deformation; 2) perforation; 3) fragmentation; 4) complex changes in the sculptural elements of the exina surface. Using a standardized pollen contribution index, the potential contribution of Cannabaceae pollen to the aerobic situation of observation points in Kyrgyzstan was assessed. It is based on the following indicators: the timing of flowering, the size of pollen grains (polar axis and equatorial diameter), the abundance of growing species in the region and pollen production.

In-Silico Prediction of Mechanical Behaviour of Uniform Gyroid Scaffolds Affected by Its Design Parameters for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

Due to their excellent properties, triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) have been applied to design scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. Predicting the mechanical response of bone scaffolds in different loading conditions is vital to designing scaffolds. The optimal mechanical properties can be achieved by tuning their geometrical parameters to mimic the mechanical properties of natural bone. In this study, we designed gyroid scaffolds of different user-specific pore and strut sizes using a combined TPMS and signed distance field (SDF) method to obtain varying architecture and porosities. The designed scaffolds were converted to various meshes such as surface, volume, and finite element (FE) volume meshes to create FE models with different boundary and loading conditions. The designed scaffolds under compressive loading were numerically evaluated using a finite element method (FEM) to predict and compare effective elastic moduli. The effective elastic moduli range from 0.05 GPa to 1.93 GPa was predicted for scaffolds of different architectures comparable to human trabecular bone. The results assert that the optimal mechanical properties of the scaffolds can be achieved by tuning their design and morphological parameters to match the mechanical properties of human bone.