Effective Surface Research Articles

Bulk, overlap and surface effects of swift heavy ions in CeO2

Formation of tracks of swift heavy ions decelerating in the electronic stopping regime in CeO2 was studied, combining the Monte Carlo code TREKIS with molecular dynamics. We show that strong lattice disordering (melting) followed by structure recovery form finally a damaged ion track consisting of a discontinuous crystalline region in CeO2. Normal ion impacts result in appearance of spherical crystalline hillocks on CeO2 surface. The solid-vacuum interface strongly suppresses the recrystallization of the near-surface layers, forming conically shaped tracks with several tens of nanometers lengths. Grazing ion irradiation induces intensive material expulsion from the surface forming finally grooves surrounded by nanohillocks. The processes of surface nanostructures formation is similar to those observed previously in CaF2 which has the similar crystalline structure, however requires much longer recrystallization time. Recent experimental data confirm the simulation results.

Synergistic signal amplification for HER2 biosensing using tetrahedral DNA nanostructures and 2D transition metal carbon/nitride@Au composites via ARGET ATRP

The rising incidence of breast cancer underscores the critical need for accurate and early detection methods, particularly for key biomarkers like human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Here, a synergistic signal amplification electrochemical biosensor was developed for HER2 detection that utilizes tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDN), 2D transition metal carbon/nitride@Au (MXene@Au) composites, and activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP). Specifically, TDN serves as the substrate, with the aptamer anchored by the MXene@Au composite support matrix. This design facilitates the generation of electrochemical currents through the ARGET ATRP signal amplification strategy. The robustness and high affinity of TDN minimize surface effects on the electrode and enhance target binding. Additionally, the high conductivity of the MXene@Au composites improves the detection sensitivity of the biosensor. The use of the ARGET ATRP strategy further enhances detection sensitivity. The biosensor exhibits a wide detection range from 10 pg·mL−1 to 10 µg·mL−1 with a remarkable detection limit of 0.39 pg·mL−1, verified under optimal experimental conditions. The designed biosensor offers a significant advancement in the field of oncological diagnostics, providing a highly sensitive, low-cost, and simple method for early HER2 detection, thereby potentially improving treatment outcomes for breast cancer patients.

A tribo-dynamics model of ball screws based on flexible body element

Dynamic actuation accuracy of ball screws is dramatically affected by screw flexible deformation and the behaviors of ball-groove interface such as friction, stiffness and damping. However, few dynamics studies have considered the screw flexible deformation and rubbing interface behaviors in ball screws. In this study, a dynamics model is developed by including both the screw flexible deformation and lubrication interface behavior. Discretization of the screw/nut is completed using the 6 degree-of-freedom Timoshenko beam element. The tribological properties of ball-groove interface are solved by the mixed lubrication model. Comparison with experimentally tested nut acceleration frequencies verifies the correctness of theoretical model. On this basis, the effects of nut motion, nut position and rough surface on the dynamic response are analyzed. With the increase of time, the screw axial displacement decreases with a certain slope and is accompanied by periodic vibrations. The centers of axis trajectories at different nut positions are far apart. From Hertz, smooth surface to rough surface, the interface stiffness coefficient decreases and the nut vibration amplitude grows. The novel tribo-dynamics model can provide a theoretical basis for fault diagnosis and performance optimization of ball screws.

Substrate functionalization by cold plasma treatments as an alternative process to the cultivation of microalgae in biofilm: Application to Botryococcus

Microalgae are renowned for their diverse production of molecules, including biofuels. However, biotechnological processes aiming at producing these biomolecules have yet to achieve economic sustainability due to the high costs associated with downstream processing, which can make up to 80 % of the total production costs. Since microalgae immobilized on a flat surface are characterized by a higher productivity and an easier harvesting than bulk culture systems, flat cultures may present better economic viability. Nevertheless, immobilizing filamentous or colonial microalgae on a flat surface is challenging due to their inherent 3D development. In this study, we explored the effectiveness of a plasma-modified polyethylene terephthalate flat surface for improving the immobilization of the green freshwater colonial microalga Botryococcus protuberans, a promising taxon for biofuel production. Plasma treatments were found to alter the wettability and surface energy of polyethylene terephthalate substrates. Botryococcus adhesion was enhanced significantly on O2 plasma-modified substrates compared to untreated substrates. The adhesion was strong enough to prevent colony development in the water column while allowing the development of a biofilm over one month, with minimal impact on their physiology.

Maximizing Growth and Yield Components: Comparative Analysis of Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation in Intensively Farmed Rice Systems

Water scarcity is a critical issue in arid and semi-arid regions worldwide, necessitating efficient irrigation methods in agriculture. This study evaluated the effectiveness of surface and subsurface drip irrigation systems in direct-seeded rice (DSR) followed by zero-till wheat or maize, compared to conventional puddled transplanted rice (PTR) systems. The two-year experiment, conducted at the International Rice Research Institute's South Asia Regional Centre in Varanasi, India, employed a randomized complete block design with eight treatments. Results showed that DSR followed by zero-till wheat with subsurface drip irrigation at 60-cm spacing significantly outperformed other treatments. This system increased rice grain yield by 6.52% and 18.82%, straw yield by 7.68% and 13.45%, and total biomass by 8.30% and 9.73% in 2020 and 2021, respectively, compared to PTR followed by zero-till wheat. Subsurface drip irrigation also led to improved plant growth parameters, including plant height and number of tillers, and enhanced yield attributes such as number of panicles and filled grains per panicle. The study concludes that subsurface drip irrigation in DSR systems offers a promising solution for sustainable intensification and efficient use of water and energy in rice-based cropping systems. However, long-term, multi-location trials are recommended to establish precise water and energy savings under various conditions.

Design of a partially narrowed flow channel with a sub-distribution zone for the water management of large-size proton exchange membrane fuel cells

With increased power density and flow field size of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), water management becomes increasingly important for the exacerbated water accumulation in flow channels (FCs). Therefore, this study proposes a novel partially narrowed channel (PNC) with a sub-distribution zone as a promising alternative for FC design. In addition, a modified volume of fluid (VOF) method is developed using an equivalent contact angle to represent the effect of the rough surface of gas diffusion layer (GDL) on water drainage. Then, a comparison among different FCs and design of structural parameters are conducted. The results show that the highest water drainage efficiency of 9.88 % ms−1 is achieved with the liquid removed in a film state at the pressure drop of 5.01 kPa. Considering the sub-distribution zone, the location and interval of baffles significantly affect water drainage efficiency, while the shape has minimal effect. The highest water drainage efficiency is observed when the baffles are located between the channels with an interval of 2 and 3 mm at low and high airflow inlet velocities, respectively. The PNC with a sub-distribution zone removes liquid rapidly at a moderate pressure drop, thereby reducing pumping losses and risks of membrane degradation.

In-Situ TEM study of microstructural evolution in proton irradiated single crystal UO2 under high-temperature annealing

Understanding microstructural changes in nuclear fuels under different irradiation conditions is important as it directly affects thermal, oxidation and mechanical properties and thereby reactor safety and longevity. This work focuses on the effect of temperature on the evolution of extended defects in uranium dioxide. In-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) annealing of proton irradiated UO2 was performed at different temperatures: 900 °C, 1100 °C and 1300 °C, 1 hour for each temperature. Microstructural evolution in terms of dislocation loops and voids were captured using in-situ TEM during annealing at different temperatures. Post-annealing at each temperature, detailed characterization using rel-rod dark field, bright field, and underfocus-overfocus imaging in TEM were used to identify faulted loops, perfect dislocation loops, and voids, respectively. Dislocation loops showed migration, disappearance, coalescence and loop-line interactions which significantly contributed to the recovery process during annealing at temperatures of 1100 °C and 1300 °C. Small voids were observed at 900 °C (diameter ∼ 0.5–1.5 nm) and grew rapidly during 1300 °C annealing (diameter ∼ 1–3 nm). Void growth was attributed to vacancy absorption, Ostwald ripening and void coalescence mechanisms. Extensive void growth was unique to in-situ TEM annealing due to free surface effect as ex-situ annealing confirmed negligible TEM resolvable (> 0.5 nm) voids at 1300 °C. The dislocation loops and voids behavior during in-situ TEM annealing were compared with rate theory and cluster dynamics predictions.

Single ZnO Nanowire for Electrical and Optical NO2 Gas Sensing: Origin of Reversible and Irreversible Gas Effects Investigated by Photoluminescence Spectroscopy.

In this work, the gas sensing properties of a single ZnO nanowire (NW) are investigated, simultaneously in terms of photoluminescence (PL) and photocurrent (PC) response to NO2 gas, with the purpose of giving new insights on the gas sensing mechanism of a single 1D ZnO nanostructure. A single ZnO NW sensing device was fabricated, characterized, and compared with a sample made of bundles of ZnO NWs. UV near-band-edge PL emission spectroscopy was carried out at room temperature and by lowering the temperature down to 77 K, which allows detection of resolved PL peaks related to different excitonic transition regions. Surface effects were observed in PL maps, considering different nano and microstructures. Electrical and optical measurements were acquired at the same time during the NO2 gas exposure, allowing for the comparison of PL and PC response times and signal recovery. During NO2 gas desorption, irreversible behavior in the surface-related and donor-acceptor pair (DAP) regions is interpreted as the effect of an initial transient when electronic transfer from the gas molecules to the bulk occurs through the ZnO NW surface which acts as a channel. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work which investigates the simultaneous PL optical and PC electrical response signals of a single ZnO NW to gas exposure.

Macroscopic superlubricity achieved by hydrolysis reaction of ethyl lactate on silicon-doped diamond-like carbon film

Superlubricity between steel/diamond-like carbon (DLC) film could be achieved at vacuum or nitrogen condition, but it would be failed at ambient conditions. In this work, the macroscale superlubricity was achieved at ambient conditions by introducing ethyl lactate into ethylene glycol as lubricant additive for the friction pairs of silicon-doped diamond-like carbon (Si-DLC)/steel. Stable friction coefficient (μ = 0.002) and wear rate of friction pairs with the introduction of ethyl lactate could be respectively reduced by 99 % and 35 %. The characterization tests and density functional theory (DFT) calculation both demonstrated that the partial ethyl lactate was hydrolyzed into lactic acid due to the catalysis effect of steel surfaces. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation result showed that the lactic acid molecules could be chemically adsorbed on the surfaces of friction pairs, forming a tribofilm through hydrogen bond with ethylene glycol molecules, which led to a significant reduction in the friction coefficient. This work presents a novel approach to achieve superlubricity on Si-DLC film with liquid, providing a great support for industrial application of superlubricity on DLC film.

Enzymatic modification of cotton fibre polysaccharides as an enabler of sustainable laundry detergents

Cotton is the most common natural fibre used in textile manufacture, used alone or with other fibres to create a wide range of fashion clothing and household textiles. Most of these textiles are cleaned using detergents and domestic or commercial washing machines using processes that require many chemicals and large quantities of water and energy. Enzymes can reduce this environmental footprint by enabling effective detergency at reduced temperatures, mostly by directly attacking substrates present in the soils. In the present study, we report the contribution of a cleaning cellulase enzyme based on the family 44 glycoside hydrolase (GH) endo-beta-1,4-glucanase from Paenibacillus polymyxa. The action of this enzyme on textile fibres improves laundry detergent performance in several vectors including soil anti-redeposition, dye transfer inhibition and stain removal. Molecular probes are used to study how this enzyme is targeting both amorphous cellulose and xyloglucan on textile fibres and the relationship between textile surface effects and observed performance benefits.

Imaging hot photocarrier transfer across a semiconductor heterojunction with ultrafast electron microscopy

Semiconductor heterojunctions have gained significant attention for efficient optoelectronic devices owing to their unique interfaces and synergistic effects. Interaction between charge carriers with the heterojunction plays a crucial role in determining device performance, while its spatial-temporal mapping remains lacking. In this study, we employ scanning ultrafast electron microscopy (SUEM), an emerging technique that combines high spatial-temporal resolution and surface sensitivity, to investigate photocarrier dynamics across a Si/Ge heterojunction. Charge dynamics are selectively examined across the junction and compared to far bulk areas, through which the impact of the built-in potential, band offsets, and surface effects is directly visualized. In particular, we find that the heterojunction drastically modifies the hot photocarrier diffusivities in both Si and Ge regions due to charge trapping. These findings are further elucidated with insights from the band structure and surface potential measured by complementary techniques. This work demonstrates the tremendous effect of heterointerfaces on hot photocarrier dynamics and showcases the potential of SUEM in characterizing realistic optoelectronic devices.

Using gold-based nanomaterials for fighting pathogenic bacteria: from detection to therapy.

Owing to the unique quantum size effect and surface effect, gold-based nanomaterials (GNMs) are promising for pathogen detection and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. This review summarizes recent research on GNMs as sensors for detecting pathogens and as tools for theirelimination. Firstly, the need for pathogen detection is briefly introduced with an overview of the physicochemical properties of gold nanomaterials. And then strategies for the application of GNMs in pathogen detection are discussed. Colorimetric, fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) techniques,dark-field microscopydetection and electrochemical methods can enable efficient, sensitive, and specific pathogen detection. The third section describes the antimicrobial applications of GNMs. They can be used for antimicrobial agent delivery and photothermal conversion and can act synergistically with photosensitizers to achieve the precise killing of pathogens. In addition, GNMs are promising for integrated pathogen detection and treatment; for example, combinations of colorimetric or SERS detection with photothermal sterilization have been demonstrated. Finally, future outlooks for the applications of GNMs in pathogen detection and treatment are summarized.

Surface temperature assimilation improving geostationary meteorological satellite surface-sensitive brightness temperature simulations over land

This study explores a possibility of improving Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) surface-sensitive brightness temperature (TB) simulations over land by assimilating land surface temperature (LST) observations from the National Basic Meteorological Observing Stations of China. The Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation 3D-Var regional data assimilation (DA) system is modified to add LST as a new control variable and its background error variances, horizontal correlations and cross-correlations. The background covariances of LST with other control variables are calculated separately for daytime and nighttime samples in summer and winter seasons. A control experiment (ExpCTL) and three LST DA experiments with (ExpLST) and without (ExpLST_NBC) bias correction or with an average of LST within 2° × 2° grid boxes (ExpLST_SO) are conducted. Considering the fact that surface station observations are point measurements while the satellite TBs measure the total radiation effect of earth's surface within fields-of-view, a bias correction is found necessary for LST DA during daytimes (ExpLST). The biases are quantified by the differences from the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer LST retrievals to compensate for the representative differences. The analyzed fields are then used as input to the Community Radiative Transfer Model to simulate TBs of AHI surface-sensitive channels over land. A long-period statistics shows that ExpLST significantly reduces the observations minus simulations (OB) biases and standard deviations of surface-sensitive TBs in terms of reducing the diurnal variations and season dependences of TB biases over different surface types, which also outperforms ExpLST_NBC and ExpLST_SO at daytime. This study suggests a potential benefit of combining the use of LST observations for assimilating surface-sensitive infrared TBs.

A Review on Pulsed Laser Preparation of Quantum Dots in Colloids for the Optimization of Perovskite Solar Cells: Advantages, Challenges, and Prospects.

In recent years, academic research on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted remarkable attention, and one of the most crucial issues is promoting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability of PSCs. Generally, modification of the electron or hole transport layers between the perovskite layers and electrodes via surface engineering is considered an effective strategy because the inherent structural defects between charge carrier transport layers and perovskite layers can be reshaped and modified by adopting the functional nanomaterials, and thus the charge recombination rate can be naturally decreased. At present, large amounts of available nanomaterials for surface modification of the perovskite films are extensively investigated, mainly including nanocrystals, nanorods, nanoarrays, and even colloidal quantum dots (QDs). In particular, as unique size-dependent nanomaterials, the diverse quantum properties of colloidal QDs are different from other nanomaterials, such as their quantum confinement effects, quantum-tunable effects, and quantum surface effects, which display great potential in promoting the PCE and operational stability of PSCs as the charge carriers in perovskite layers can be effectively tuned by these quantum effects. However, preparing QDs with a neat and desirable size remains a technical difficulty, even though the present chemical engineering is highly advanced. Fortunately, the rapid advances in laser technology have provided new insight into the precise preparation of QDs. In this review, we introduce a new approach for preparing the QDs, namely pulsed laser irradiation in colloids (PLIC), and briefly highlight the innovative works on PLIC-prepared QDs for the optimization of PSCs. This review not only highlights the advantages of PLIC for QD preparation but also critically points out the challenges and prospects of QD-based PSCs.

TRPV1-targeted ion-responsive hydrogel against pyroptosis of dry eye disease

Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex ocular surface abnormality characterized by tear film hyperosmolarity, inflammation, and damage. Left untreated, DED can lead to a self-perpetuating vicious cycle of worsening symptoms. Existing treatments for DED face challenges related to limited drug delivery to the ocular surface and potential side effects from nonspecific drug targeting. In an effort to address these issues, we developed a novel ion-responsive in situ gelling system targeting the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), based on co-assembly of the hydrogelator KFQ12 with the functional peptide V1-Cal. The KFQ12/V1-Cal (KVC) aqueous solution, when dripped and mixed with the ionic tear film on the ocular surface, rapidly transformed into a honeycomb-like hydrogel. This hydrogel exhibited prolonged retention on the ocular surface, serving as a stable scaffold for corneal epithelium regeneration and providing protection against external pathogens while maintaining gas exchange. In a murine model of DED, the KVC hydrogel demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy due to its sustained release characteristics and specific inhibition of the TRPV1 channel activated by hyperosmotic or desiccating stress. By performing transcriptome sequencing and experimental validation both in vivo and in vitro, we confirmed the mechanism of the TRPV1-Ca2+-Pyroptosis axis in the pathogenesis of DED. Our research provides novel perspectives on the understanding and treatment of DED, and introduces a potential ocular surface drug delivery system characterized by superior biosafety, prolonged retention, and improved therapeutic outcomes.

H/D Isotope Effects in the Electrochemistry of Electrochromic Iron Hexacyanoruthenate

AbstractThe electrochemical deposition of iron hexacyanoruthenate (Fe−HCR) on gold electrodes was studied in electrolytes prepared with light and heavy water. Cyclic voltammetry of the material during preparation and after transfer to a precursor‐free solution exhibits two reductions peaks in H2O‐based electrolytes but only one reduction peak in D2O‐based electrolytes. The voltammetric behavior changes reversibly upon transfer of the material between D2O‐based and H2O‐based 1 mol L−1 KCl solutions. No clear structural differences between samples prepared in D2O and H2O were detected by means of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM IRRAS). We noted a relatively slow exchange of coordinated water and a fast exchange of zeolitic water. Using voltammetric experiments we could rule out simple effects of solution conductivity for K+, participation of H+/D+ in the charge compensation and surface effects on the observed dependence of the peak splitting on the isotopic composition of the solvent. The most likely reason for the observed behavior is the different structure of the H‐bonded water network of coordinated H2O and zeolitic H2O/D2O which is supported by the PM IRRAS data.

Crack failure behaviors of Ti–6Al–4V dovetail joints subjected to fretting fatigue and effect of laser shock dimple-textured surface coated with diamond-like carbon film

Fretting damage can lead to a reduction in fatigue strength by more than half, due to the increased stress on the fretting surface, which accelerates crack initiation and propagation. Laser shock peening (LSP) technology is an advanced method for protecting against fretting fatigue, which reduces the effective stress on the fretting surface of components by introducing a deeper compressive residual stress field. In this work, LSP was utilized to create regularly arranged dimples on the surface of titanium alloy dovetail joints, and followed by diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating to alter fretting friction. Five surface treatment samples including as-machined, conv-LSP, LSP dimple-textured, DLC, LSP dimple-textured + DLC, were prepared for fretting fatigue tests on dovetail joints. The experimental results showed that the fatigue performance of specimens treated with LSP dimple-textured + DLC is better. Furthermore, it is found that wear debris from fretting surface was discharged into crack source area during fretting fatigue, leading to the formation of a fracture debris area forms in the crack initiation zone. The crack initiation zone displays the protrusion morphology characteristics due to the friction effect induced by contact loads. There is an internal correlation between the size of fracture debris area and surface wear resistance. Fracture debris area and the protrusion morphology vary with surface treatments and applied load. This research further reveals that the variation characteristics of the crack initiation area including the fracture debris area, have a positive influence on observing and analyzing failure behavior of fretting fatigue damage.

Covalent and non‐covalent action‐enhanced cellulose‐based thermally conductive composite (TCC) films fabricated via vacuum‐assisted self assembly with high thermally conductivity and superior mechanical performance

AbstractAs is known, to establish covalent or non‐covalent interaction between filler and matrix, which helps to reduce the interface thermal resistance (ITR) as well as construct good thermal conduction channels, is a good strategy for dealing with the risk of thermal runaway in the extreme service environment of electronic equipment. In this paper, carboxylated nanocellulose fiber (c‐CNF) was used as matrix, and a hybrid filler (M‐CoNPs@GNP) was fabricated by coating cobalt‐nanoparticles (CoNPs) and grafting maleimide on graphene nanosheets (GNPs). M‐CoNPs@GNP/c‐CNF thermally conductive composite (TCC) films were successfully fabricated by combining with c‐CNF. As zero‐dimensional particles, CoNPs can effectively prevent GNPs agglomeration due to surface effects, and “‐NH” in maleimide dehydrates with “‐COOH” in c‐CNF to form “C‐N‐C” covalent bonds, with strong hydrogen bond formed between filler and matrix, which remarkably enhances the interface compatibility between matrix and filler. The ITR has been reduced to form a well‐defined three‐dimensional thermal conduction path, achieving an ultra‐high in‐plane TC (35.9 W·m−1·K−1) for MCGC40, which is 7.9 times that of pure c‐CNF film, in addition to a sufficiently high tensile strength of 123.3 MPa. The combination of high in‐plane TC, excellent mechanical flexibility and good electrical insulation jointly justifies the potential application of M‐CoNPs@GNP/c‐CNF TCC films in effective thermal management of flexible electronic products.Highlights CoNPs effectively inhibit GNPs agglomeration. GNPs exhibit hydrophilicity after modification. Modified fillers interact fairly well with the matrix. High tensile strength and exceptional flexibility are achieved. TCC films exhibit both electrical insulation and hydrophobicity.

Ground Surface Effect of Earth Pressure Balance Tunnelling in Deltaic Deposits: A Case Study of Line 9 of the Barcelona Metro

The 47.8 km long Line 9 of the Barcelona Metro is one of Europe’s longest urban metro lines. Its southern section connects the city to the airport, being entirely excavated through soft deltaic deposits, promoting more sustainable mobility by reducing significant road traffic. This study identifies the most accurate method for predicting surface settlements caused by tunnel excavation using ground movement monitoring data. Several methodologies were assessed, with the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Relative Error (MRE) calculated to evaluate their performances. The methods considered were Peck’s Gaussian curve method, Sagaseta’s method, and Verruijt and Booker’s method, with MAE values of 0.66 mm, 0.50 mm, and 0.48 mm and MRE values of 49%, 45%, and 36%, respectively. Verruijt and Booker’s method proved the most effective for predicting settlement, minimising surface impacts, improving building sustainability, and reducing environmental contamination from chemical injections. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted by comparing the monitoring data from Line 9 with data from 45 other tunnels excavated worldwide in deltaic soils. This analysis aimed to develop rapid predictive models applicable to different locations. The methodologies proposed for estimating ground settlements relied on specific parameters, particularly the K value, which was consistent across all deltaic soil locations, with values ranging from 0.45 to 0.55.

Emotional exhaustion behind the badge: Examining the effects of affective commitment, surface acting, and gender among police personnel

Public service organizations, such as the police, place great value on employee commitment because the public interest is at stake. While previous literature establishes a negative association between affective commitment and emotional exhaustion, the underlying mechanism remains insufficiently explored. Drawing on the perspective of emotional labor, this paper investigates whether surface acting, which refers to the feigning of expected emotions, mediates the impact of affective commitment on emotional exhaustion among police personnel. Furthermore, the study aims to explore whether this mediating effect is influenced by gender. The dataset utilized in this research comprises responses obtained from a survey administered to 465 police officers employed by the Taipei City Police Department. Our findings reveal a significant suppression effect of surface acting in the affective commitment-emotional exhaustion relationship, suggesting that surface acting, as a result of low affective commitment, has a detrimental impact on emotional well-being. Interestingly, the effects of affective commitment and surface acting on emotional exhaustion are stronger in male police officers compared to their female counterparts. In summary, the results of this study contribute to the existing literature and have broader implications for high-stress work environments. The findings provide insights into how organizations can better support the well-being of their employees by promoting commitment and addressing surface acting. Moreover, the study underscores the importance of considering gender differences in understanding the impact of these variables on emotional exhaustion among police personnel.