Surface Curvature Research Articles

Polarimetric Compressed Sensing with Hollow, Self-Assembled Diffractive Films.

Sensing light's polarization and wavefront direction enables surface curvature assessment, material identification, shadow differentiation, and improved image quality in turbid environments. Traditional polarization cameras utilize multiple sensor measurements per pixel and polarization-filtering optics, which result in reduced image resolution. We propose a nanophotonic pipeline that enables compressive sensing and reduces the sampling requirements with a low-refractive-index, self-assembled optical encoder. These nanostructures scatter light into lattice modes, which encode the wavefront direction and the polarization ellipticity in the linearly polarized components of the diffracted, interference patterns. Combining optical encoders with a neural network, the system predicts pointing and polarization when the interference patterns are adequately sampled. A comparison of "ordered" and "random" optical encoders shows that the latter both blurs the interference patterns and achieves higher resolution. Our work centers on the unexpected modulation and spatial multiplexing of incident light polarization by self-assembled hollow nanocavity arrays as a class of materials distinct from traditional metasurfaces that will not only enable encoding for polarization and optical computing but also for compressed sensing and imaging.

Utilizing Flexible Magnetic-Alloy Sheet with Rolling-to-Attaching Method to Fabricate a Smart Nail for Electromagnetic Screw-Hole Targeting in Intramedullary Interlocking-Nail Surgery

Abstract In this paper, we present a novel method to fabricate a smart nail for electromagnetic targeting of distal screw-holes in intramedullary interlocking-nail surgery. The nail is fabricated by using a flexible magnetic-alloy Metglas sheet with a rolling-to-attaching method. That is, among most high permeable magnetic materials, the Metglas sheet has superior features in flexibility and bendability and therefore can be rolled and inserted inside the nail to accordingly conform to curvature of inner surface of the nail. Regarding the targeting system, we used a conventional c-shaped electromagnet (consisting of a c-shaped silicon steel core, emitting coil, and receiving coil) with measurement electronics as the targeting system. At first, an AC input voltage is applied to the emitting coil to generate magnetic flux in the air-gap between emitting coil and receiving coil. Consequently, by electromagnetic induction, an AC voltage is induced in the receiving coil. As the nail is axially moved or rotated within the air-gap between the emitting and receiving coils, the magnetic flux between the coils is influenced, leading to a change in the voltage output of the receiving coil. This voltage change is further analyzed to determine location and orientation of the Metglas sheet (as well as screw holes). Based on this targeting principle, we conduct location and orientation targeting tests. Results show that our method not only can successfully achieve these targeting, but also significantly simplifies the complexity of both targeting system and surgical procedure, in practical perspective.

Quantification of Facial Asymmetry: A Comprehensive Review of Methods and Applications

Facial asymmetry, present in all human faces at varying degrees, plays a critical role in clinical fields such as orthodontics, orthognathic and plastic surgeries, and craniofacial reconstruction. Accurate quantification of facial asymmetry is essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, and post-surgical evaluation. This article examines contemporary methods for quantifying facial asymmetry, including two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) landmark-based approaches, surface curvature analysis, and advanced image-based techniques. Emphasis is placed on the advantages, limitations, and applications of each method, to meet clinical or research needs. By integrating technological advancements, future developments are expected to enhance precision and applicability in clinical practice.

Understanding the Curvature Effect on the Structure and Bonding of MoCy Nanoparticles on Carbon Supports.

The interaction between molybdenum carbide (MoCy) nanoparticles and both flat and curved graphene surfaces, serving as models for carbon nanotubes, was investigated by means of density functional theory. A variety of MoCy nanoparticles with different sizes and stoichiometries have been used to explore different adsorption sites and modes across models with different curvature degrees. On flat graphene, off-stoichiometric MoCy featuring more low-coordinated Mo atoms exhibits stronger interaction and increased electron transfers from the carbide to the carbon substrate. This preferentially occurs through support C and Mo atoms leading to the formation of additional Mo-C bonds. Notably, the MoCy adsorption strength increases on concave surfaces and decreases on convex surfaces, showing a strong linear correlation with the surface curvature. This curvature-dependent behavior alters the charge state of the nanoparticles, making them more/less positively charged in concave/convex regions. The present results demonstrate that the interaction strength can be effectively tuned by manipulating the carbide stoichiometry, the substrate curvature, and the local concave/convex environments, providing valuable guidelines for the rational design of MoCy/C-based catalysts.

Numerical research on two typical flow structures and aerodynamic drag characteristics of blunt-nosed trains

Purpose This study aims to provide new insights into aerodynamic drag reduction for increasingly faster blunt-nosed trains, such as urban and freight trains. Specifically, this work investigates two distinctly different wake structures and associated aerodynamic drag of blunt-nosed trains. Design/methodology/approach Three typical cases of blunt-nosed trains with 1-, 2- and 3-m nose lengths are selected. The time-averaged and unsteady flow structures around the trains are analyzed using the improved delayed detached eddy simulation model and proper orthogonal decomposition method. Findings The simulation results indicate that for 2- and 3-m nose lengths, the flow separates at first and then reattaches to the slanted surface of the tail, with a pair of longitudinal vortices dominating the wake. In contrast, for the 1-m nose length case, the wake structure is characterized by complete separation, attributed to the larger curvature of the slanted tail surface. Consequently, the total time-averaged drag coefficient is reduced by 27.2% and 19.2% for the 1-m nose length case compared to the 2- and 3-m cases, respectively. Moreover, the predominant unsteady structures with Strouhal numbers St = 0.30 and St = 0.28 are detected in the near-wake of the 2- and 3-m nose length cases, respectively. These structures result from periodic vortex shedding at the lower slanted tail surface. In contrast, for the 1-m nose length case, the predominant unsteady structure with St = 0.19 is induced by the nearly periodic expansion and contraction of the upper bubbles. Originality/value Two distinctly different wake structures in blunt-nosed trains are identified. Unlike high-speed trains with longer, streamlined noses, for blunt-nosed trains, shorter nose lengths result in lower aerodynamic drag. Insights for reducing energy consumption in blunt-nosed trains are provided.

Is AI image generation a creative or optimize tool in product design process?—The usage of AI image generation tools for vehicle shape as an example

This study explores the shape thinking processes and decision-making factors of designers when using AI image generation tools for conceptualizing the shapes of two-wheeled vehicles through four design tasks. Eight designers were invited to create hand-drawn sketches based on a specific aesthetic direction (technological geometry), followed by a shape divergence exercise using two AI graphics tools, Stable Diffusion and Vizcom, to generate images from text prompts. After selecting the designs closest to their original concepts and their favorite designs, the designers used an iPad to explore different shape directions (technological biology) for partial shape modifications. Finally, retrospective interviews were conducted to understand whether there were differences in designers’ thinking process regarding the use of various AI tools for shape conceptualization, as well as their focal points regarding design modification and shape thinking at different stages of the process. The research findings indicate that current AI tools are more suitable for shape divergence. If designers wish to achieve shape convergence, they need to be more familiar with the various settings of AI image generation tools and understand which prompts significantly influence specific shape characteristics. Designers’ perceptions of shape modification primarily revolve around: 1. Outline contours, 2. Parting lines, 3. Variations in surface curvature, and 4. The resulting features (light and shadow effects). Furthermore, it is recommended that future AI image generation tools, if developed as professional assistive tools for product design, should provide two modes—shape divergence and convergence—focusing on both the main shape and details. Additionally, it is suggested that developing AI-3D technologies should address the four key aspects of shape manipulation presented in this study, offering adjustments for overall appearance and detailing the contour lines of parts, including the manipulation of surface curvature and shape positioning.

Stress Release of Zincophilic N-Doped Carbon@Sn Composite on High-Curvature Surface of Zinc Foam for Dendrite-Free 3D Zinc Anode.

Commercial 3D zinc foam anodes with high deposition space and ion permeation have shown great potential in aqueous ion batteries. However, the local accumulated stress from its high-curvature surface exacerbates the Zn dendrite issue, leading to poor reversibility. Herein, we have employed zincophilic N-doped carbon@Sn composites (N-C@Sn) as nano-fillings to effectively release the local stress of high curvature surface of 3D Zn foams toward dendrite-free anode in aqueous zinc ion battery (AZIB). These electronegative and conductive N-C@Sn nano-fillings as supporters can provide a highly zincophilic channel for initial Zn nucleation and reduce local current density for regulating Zn deposition. Uniform Zn deposition further assists homogenous stress distribution on the platting surface, which gives a positive feedback loop to improve anode reversibility. As a result, zinc foam with N-C@Sn composite (ZCSn Foam) symmetric cell achieves a long cycle lifespan of 1100h at 0.5mA cm-2, much more than that of Zn Foam (∼80h lifespan). The full cell ZCSn Foam||MnO2 exhibits remarkable reversibility with 67% retention after 1000 cycles at 0.8 A g-1 and 76% after 1600 cycles at 2 Ag-1. This 3D-constructing strategy may offer a promising and practical pathway for metal anode application.

Peptidomics & Molecular Simulation-Based Specific Screening of Antifreeze Peptides from Evynnis japonica Scale and the Action Mechanism.

This study aims to explore the cryoprotective mechanisms of food-derived hydrolyzed peptides and develop novel cryoprotectants to enhance the quality of frozen foods. Evynnis japonica scale antifreeze peptides (Ej-AFP) were prepared using enzymatic hydrolysis, which had a 4-fold increase in protection efficiency for surimi compared to traditional cryoprotectants. Furthermore, Ej-AFP was able to control 63.60% of the ice crystals to sizes below 600 μm2. Three antifreeze peptide sequences were purified by using ice-affinity techniques and peptidomics. These sequences demonstrated a 21.75% enhancement in antifreeze activity and an increase of 1 °C in thermal hysteresis activity compared to Ej-AFP. Molecular simulation-elucidated ice-binding surface interacts with ice crystals through hydrogen bonds, while the nonice-binding surface disrupts the orderly arrangement of water molecules. This results in a tightly structured hydration layer around the peptide, increasing the curvature of the ice crystal surface and thereby demonstrating significant antifreeze activity in controlling ice crystal growth.

Gaussian Curvature of the Slowness Surface in Vicinity of Singularity Point in Anisotropic Media

Gaussian Curvature of the Slowness Surface in Vicinity of Singularity Point in Anisotropic Media

Brain morphometry, stimulation charge, and seizure duration in electroconvulsive therapy.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a well-established and effective treatment for severe depression and other conditions. Though ECT induces a generalized seizure, it is unclear why seizures are therapeutic. This study analyzed relationships between pre-treatment brain morphology, stimulation dose, and seizure duration to better understand ECT-induced seizures. Pre-existing MRI data were analyzed from four cohorts with treatment refractory depression undergoing right unilateral (RUL) ECT (n=166). Regional brain morphometry and magnitude of electrical current (|E|) were analyzed, along with seizure duration and stimulation charge at seizure threshold (ECT1) and 6x seizure threshold (ECT2&3). Linear models controlled for age, sex, and cohort, corrected using false discovery rate q<0.05. Lower ECT1 stimulation charge correlated with less cortical surface area perpendicular to current flow, and greater |E| in nearby white matter. Lower ECT2&3 stimulation charge correlated with less cortical surface area and curvature near the temporal electrode, higher |E| in right amygdala and anterior hippocampus, and lower right thalamic and mid-hippocampal volume. Cortical surface area extending between electrodes (e.g., postcentral gyrus) positively correlated with ECT2&3 seizure duration. Successful antidepressant response associated with less cortical surface area near the temporal electrode and more |E| in anteromedial temporal lobe regions, the latter of which mediated the effects of the former on antidepressant response. Pre-treatment brain morphology influences ECT-induced seizure, particularly in regions near ECT electrodes and those relevant to seizure initiation and modulation. Personalized dosing based on head morphology and other factors may improve antidepressant outcomes and reduce side effects.

Substrate curvature influences cytoskeletal rearrangement and modulates macrophage phenotype.

Inflammation is a vital immune response, tightly orchestrated through both biochemical and biophysical cues. Dysregulated inflammation contributes to chronic diseases, highlighting the need for novel therapies that modulate immune responses with minimal side effects. While several biochemical pathways of inflammation are well understood, the influence of physical properties such as substrate curvature on immune cell behavior remains underexplored. This study investigates how substrate curvature impacts macrophage cytoskeletal dynamics, gene expression, and immunophenotype through mechanosensitive pathways. Gelatin-based microgels with tunable surface curvatures were fabricated via water-in-oil emulsification and crosslinked with genipin. Microgels were sorted into three size ranges, yielding high (40-50 µm), intermediate (150-250 µm), and low (350-400 µm) curvature profiles. Macrophages were seeded onto these microgels, and cytoskeletal dynamics were examined using confocal microscopy, SEM, and actin-specific staining. Gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers was quantified using qPCR. The role of actin polymerization was assessed using Latrunculin-A (Lat-A) treatment. Macrophages adhered effectively to both high- and low-curvature microgels, displaying curvature-dependent morphological changes. Confocal imaging revealed that macrophages on low-curvature microgels exhibited significantly higher F-actin density than those on high-curvature microgels. Correspondingly, qPCR analysis showed upregulation of pro-inflammatory markers (e.g., Tnf, Nos2) in high-curvature conditions, while anti-inflammatory markers (e.g., Arg1) were elevated in low-curvature conditions. Lat-A treatment reduced F-actin density and modulated gene expression patterns, confirming the cytoskeletal regulation of macrophage phenotype. These findings demonstrate that substrate curvature influences macrophage behavior by modulating cytoskeletal dynamics and associated immunophenotypic markers through actin-mediated transcriptional pathways. By controlling curvature, therapeutic biomaterials may direct immune responses, offering a new avenue for treating inflammatory diseases. This mechanobiological approach presents a promising strategy for precision immunomodulation in regenerative medicine.

Using equivalent keratometric readings in calculating the optical power of a multifocal intraocular lens

BACKGROUND: Modern keratotopography allows calculating Equivalent Keratometer Readings (EKR), which take additionally into account in keratometry the radius of curvature of corneal posterior surface, and this could lead to more accurate calculation of the spherical equivalent (SE) of the intraocular lens. AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of calculating the SE of multifocal intraocular lens according to EKR data, depending on the formula used and the corneal zone. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study included 78 patients who underwent femtolaser-assisted phacoemulsification, multifocal intraocular lens implantation and achievement of the target refraction at different distances. Retrospective calculation of the optical power of the intraocular lens was performed using biometric data from OA-2000 and EKR (zones from 0.5 to 5 mm in increments of 0.5 mm) using 10 formulas (SRK/T, Holladay 1, Holladay 2, Haigis, Hoffer Q, Barrett 2 Universal, Olsen, Kane, EVO, Hill RBF). For each combination of keratometry zone/formula were calculated: mean error of predicted refraction (ME), its difference from zero, and after intraocular lens constant optimization — mean (MAE) and median (MedAE) absolute errors, standard deviation (SD). RESULTS: Up to the 2.5 mm zone, ME is shifted towards hypermetropia, and from the 3 mm zone, ME begins to shift towards myopia according to all formulas. Minimal MAE, MedAE and SD values were detected in peripheral corneal zones (3–5 mm) for most formulas. The best indicators were demonstrated by the formula Haigis in zones 3.5–5 mm. CONCLUSIONS: The most accurate calculation of the SE of a multifocal intraocular lens using EKR is possible when using the Haigis formula in 3.5–5 mm zones.

Reconfigurable spin-decoupled conformal metasurface: 3D-printing with independent beam shaping and multi-focusing dual-channel reconfigurability techniques

This paper describes a 3D-printed conformal reconfigurable spin-decoupled metasurface and supports both independent beam shaping and dual-channel reconfigurability. The increasing complexity of metasurface structures and reconfigurable spin-decoupling among conformal structures are rarely reported due to their challenging properties. In this paper, a reconfigurable metasurface based on 3D-printing technology is proposed for reconfigurable spin-decoupled curved structures at 13.5–14.5 GHz. Curved surface spin-decoupling is realized for the first time and verified by simulation and experiment. Beam deflection (20° and 35°) and near-field focusing (100 mm and 150 mm) were achieved at different circularly polarized wave incidences. Switching the beam between the two states was achieved by incorporating the water-based metasurface. As a proof of concept, metasurfaces that have anomalous reflections in both channels were fabricated and measured. Furthermore, reconfigurable spin-decoupling was achieved using a water-based metasurface. This work extends the phase engineering approach in metasurfaces and may have a wide range of applications in communications, sensing, imaging, and camouflage.

Spatial and morphologic features of lenses with different axial lengths in cataract patients: a swept-source optical coherence tomography-based study

BackgroundTo investigate the spatial and morphologic features of lenses with different axial length (ALs) in cataract patients using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).MethodsTotally 105 eyes of 105 patients scheduled to have cataract surgery were included. Eyes were divided into the control (AL < 24.5 mm), moderate myopia (MM, 24.5 ≤ AL < 26 mm) and high myopia (HM, AL ≥ 26 mm) groups. Spatial features including lens vault (LV) and iris-to-lens distance (ILD), and morphologic features including radii of curvature of anterior and posterior surface (Ra, Rp), lens diameter (LD) and lens thickness (LT) were measured in eight directions by SS-OCT.ResultsSpatially, the HM group had larger LV and ILD than the control group (both P < .05). LV and ILD were negatively correlated with AL, respectively (LV: r = -.484, P < .0001; ILD: r = -.656, P < .0001). Morphologically, both MM and HM groups had greater Ra and Rp than the control group. Ra was positively correlated with AL (r = .622, P < .0001), while the relationship between Rp and AL was non-linear. Moreover, the MM and HM groups had larger LD than the control group (both P < .001). Anterior LT was thinner in the HM than in the MM group (P = .026), while posterior LT between these two groups was similar. When compared in eight directions, similar trends were seen in Ra, Rp and LD, and the HM group showed a greater difference in Ra between horizontal and vertical directions.ConclusionsThis SS-OCT-based study showed that longer axial length is associated with a flatter lens, which was mainly attributed to the increase of Ra and LD. Longitudinal studies would be necessary to establish a causal relationship and temporal progression.

Tubular Surfaces of Adjoint Curves According to the Modified Orthogonal Frame

In this paper, we study tubular surfaces defined by adjoint curves which have a wide range of applications. In three-dimensional Euclidean space, we consider tubular surfaces in modified orthogonal frame generated by a curve β whose center curve is adjoint of a curve α . We give some characterizations for tubular surfaces constructed according to with curvature and with torsion modified orthogonal frames. Through these characterizations we obtain some important results. We also study asymptotic and geodesic curves as well as flat, minimal, Weingarten and linear-Weingarten surfaces using conventional differential geometry techniques. Finally, we present case examples for both versions of the frame to validate our theoretical results.

In Situ Electron Tomography Insights into the Curvature Effect of a Concave Surface on Fe Single Atoms for Durable Oxygen Reaction.

Curvature-induced interfacial electric field effects and local strain engineering offer a powerful approach for optimizing the intrinsic catalytic activity of single-atom catalysts (SACs). Investigations into the surface curvature on SACs are still ongoing, and the impact of the concave surface is often overlooked. In this work, theoretical calculations indicate that curved surfaces, particularly those with concavity, can optimize the electronic structures of single Fe sites and facilitate the reductive release of *OH. A carbon sphere featuring uniformly oriented channels and a chiral multi-shelled carbon hollow nanosphere are selected as carbon matrices due to their accessible concave and/or convex surfaces. After loading Fe species, the resulting catalysts with Fe SA in curved surfaces exhibit excellent oxygen reduction reaction activity (E1/2 = ≈0.89V), strong methanol tolerance, and favorable long-term stability. Impressively, a solid-state flexible Zn-air battery based on this catalyst exhibits a remarkable durability over 40h with a high peak power density of 122.1mW cm-2 and excellent charge-discharge performance at different bending angles. This work offers in-depth insights into the rational design of carbon supports with highly curved surfaces, offering new opportunities for the microenvironmental regulation of SACs at the atomic level.

Prevalence of interocular symmetry in corneal astigmatism and the possible influence of age, sex and refractive error.

The aim of this study was to investigate, using a power vector approach, whether corneal astigmatism follows a mirror symmetry pattern considering both the magnitude and axis, and whether age, sex and spherical equivalent refractive error can influence the pattern. The IOLMaster 700 optical biometer was used to measure the radii of curvature of the anterior corneal surface. Refractive error was determined by non-cycloplegic subjective refraction. Descriptive statistical analyses and inferential logistic regression were applied over the dichotomous variable of mirror symmetry using J0 and J45 power vector components. An evaluation was carried out based on the subject's age, sex and spherical equivalent refractive error. A total of 2974 Caucasian adults were evaluated. This cross-sectional study revealed that axis orientation follows the isorule symmetry pattern, and in terms of both magnitude and axis orientation, mirror symmetry was present in 70.9% of cases. Age, sex and spherical equivalent refractive error were not significant factors and did not contribute to the clinical improvement of the model despite its statistical significance (refractive error, p = 0.001; age and sex, p = 0.23 and 0.36, respectively). Among an adult Caucasian population, the prevalence of corneal astigmatism mirror symmetry was 70.9% and isorule symmetry was the most common pattern considering axis orientation only. The inclusion of age, sex and spherical equivalent refractive error did not improve the model.

STRUCTURED PSEUDOSPECTRA IN PROBLEMS OF SPATIAL STABILITY OF BOUNDARY LAYERS

The paper is devoted to the numerical analysis of the sensitivity of the characteristics of spatial stability of boundary layers to the errors with which the main flow is specified. It is proposed to use structured pseudospectra for this purpose. It is shown that the obtained estimates are significantly more accurate than the estimates based on the unstructured pseudospectrum. The presentation is carried out using the example of a viscous incompressible fluid flow over a concave surface of small curvature with flow parameters favorable for the development of Goertler vortices and Tollmien–Schlichting waves.

Comparison of Gallium Cluster Polyhedra with Those of the Most Spherical Deltahedra: Effects of Bulky External Groups and Local Surface Curvature

Comparison of Gallium Cluster Polyhedra with Those of the Most Spherical Deltahedra: Effects of Bulky External Groups and Local Surface Curvature

ФОРМОУТВОРЕННЯ НАМОТУВАННЯМ КОМПОЗИТНОГО ПЕРЕДНЬОГО ГОРИЗОНТАЛЬНОГО ОПЕРЕННЯ ЛЕГКОГО ЛІТАКА

A process has been developed for modeling the trajectory of laying reinforcing material (RM) during the formation of composite aerodynamic surfaces (AS). The work provides a brief description of the types of structures of aircraft of complex shape according to the criterion of the possibility of manufacturing by the winding method, in which certain types of surface shapes are highlighted according to the condition of determining the laying trajectory and developing a winding control program (WCP) for CNC machines. It is shown that the process of developing technology for manufacturing structures such as aerodynamic load-bearing surfaces has significant differences from the process of developing technology for axisymmetric products. The general technique for determining the trajectory of laying reinforcing material is shown and new approaches to specifying the reinforcement pattern are described. The general methodology for calculating the WCP for winding the AS is described. Calculation of the movements of the working parts of a winding machine (WM) includes several subtasks: choosing the order of passage of individual turns of the RM, calculating the movements of the working parts of the WM when laying each turn, and determining the program for transition from turn to turn. It is shown that the most important stage in the development of general-type AS winding technology is the choice of a winding scheme that determines the structural-force diagram (SFD) of the structure. For this purpose, the concept of the limiting point of winding has been introduced. The winding pattern of any type of product can be described by an array of coordinates of boundary points and reinforcement angles. An algorithm for calculating the trajectory of RM placement on the surface of the mandrel is presented. The features of choosing the order of passage of turns are described. The order in which the turns pass affects the number of weaves in the structure of the composite material obtained during the winding process and the strength of the product. The optimal order of passing turns according to the strength criterion is determined experimentally through repeated development tests. The features of choosing programs for transition from turn to turn are described. The algorithm of actions of the WM during the transition from one turn to another - the transition program consists of two programs: the program for entering the turn and the program for exiting the turn. The algorithm of transition programs depends on the chosen order of turns and in each specific case depends on the design features of the product. To test the developed methodology, a test calculation of the front horizontal tail of a light aircraft was carried out. As a result of the work done, it was possible to solve the problem of modeling the RM laying trajectory for bodies of complex shape with a fixed type of section, manufactured by the winding method from a polymer composite material (PCM). This technology can be used to produce aircraft structures such as “wing”, “fuselage” of an airplane, helicopter, and the like. Thus, the possibility of winding a general type AS has been proven using the example of the horizontal front tail of a light aircraft. The range of production of wound products has expanded - bodies with an arbitrary convex section and a straight generatrix. A technology has been developed for manufacturing from PCM by winding non-axisymmetric aerodynamic power structural elements such as aircraft wings, helicopter blades, air and water propellers. A surface reinforcement scheme has been found that makes it possible to obtain a variable wall thickness with its decrease from the root to the end rib. The trajectories of laying reinforcing material on a surface with an arbitrary convex section and the movement of working parts for a three-axis winding machine are determined. The developed calculation method can be used to create various aerodynamic structural elements with positive surface curvature from PCM by winding. The use of advanced high-performance technology for automated winding of reinforcing fiber material provides a significant reduction in labor costs in the manufacture of these units, reducing their prices compared to the prices of existing metal and composite aircraft of comparable size and equipment