Surface Area Distribution Research Articles

Construction of a controllable and dispersed Fe3O4-based catalyst using ZIFs as a spatial support for highly catalytic degradation of aflatoxin B1

A Fe3O4-based catalyst with controllable properties and good dispersity was constructed utilizing zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) as a spatial support. Fe3O4 was attached onto the ZIFs surface via a facile strategy and the resulting Fe3O4/ZIFs material was applied as peroxymonosulfate catalyst for highly effective aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) degradation. The AFB1 degradation efficiency can be regulated by controlling the surface area and pore distribution of Fe3O4/ZIFs. Fe3O4/ZIFs (1:8) exhibited good catalytic ability within a wide pH range (3−8). A degradation efficiency of 97.4 % was achieved within 30 min, with 80.3 % degraded within the first 5 min, which was attributed to the ZIFs support structure, effectively improving the dispersity and mass transfer efficiency of Fe3O4. O2·− and 1O2 were the dominant active species in AFB1 degradation. Subsequently, the AFB1 degradation pathway was proposed. This study provides a promising and novel approach to the enhancement of catalytic activity for efficient AFB1 degradation.

Influencing Factors of Shale Permeability in the Longmaxi Formation, Southern Sichuan Basin and Northern Yunnan-Guizhou Depression

The current paper studies the influencing factors of permeability in shales of the Longmaxi Formation, located in the southern Sichuan Basin, China. The methodologies used in the present study include overburden pore permeability experiments, whole rock analysis and geochemical tests, NMR measurements of fluid saturation, pore size distribution and specific surface area distribution, SEM and extraction of pore structure parameters, and core analysis. The results show the following: (1) high TOC and high maturity generate a large number of organic pores, which may improve the permeability of shale. (2) Mineral composition and rock relative permeability also have influence on permeability to a certain degree, since different minerals have different effects on shale permeability. Clay in the study area has an adverse effect on permeability. The results show that the organic-rich siliceous clay mixed shale facies in this area has the best permeability. (3) A large specific surface area and total pore volume are associated with good shale permeability, while average pore size does not correlate with permeability. A small fractal dimension of pore morphology and simple pore structure result in good permeability, and bedding is the key controlling factor for the anisotropy of shale permeability. (4) Water in shales can influence the permeability of microfractures by binding to clay minerals. Low permeability in shales with high bound water saturation suggests that water and clay mineral absorption may block flow channels, resulting in poor permeability. The purpose of this study is to clarify the influencing factors on shale permeability of the Longmaxi Formation in the study area and to provide a reference for the exploration and development of shale gas in this area of the Sichuan Basin.

Cobalt-Based Cathode Catalysts for Oxygen-Reduction Reaction in an Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell.

A novel cobalt-chelating polyimine (Co-PIM) containing an additional amine group is prepared from the condensation polymerization of diethylene triamine (DETA) and terephthalalehyde (PTAl) by the Schiff reaction. A Co, N-co-doped carbon material (Co-N-C), obtained from two-stage calcination in different gas atmospheres is used as the cathode catalyst of an anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC). The Co-N-C catalyst demonstrates a CoNx-type single-atom structure seen under high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The Co-N-C catalysts are characterized by FTIR, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy as well. Their morphologies are also illustrated by SEM and TEM micrographs, respectively. Surface area and pore size distribution are found by BET analysis. Co-N-C catalysts exhibit a remarkable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at 0.8 V in the KOH(aq). From the LSV (linear-sweeping voltammetry) curves, the onset potential relative to RHE is 1.19–1.37 V, the half wave potential is 0.73–0.78 V, the Tafel slopes are 76.9–93.6 mV dec−1, and the average number of exchange electrons is 3.81. The limiting reduction current of CoNC-1000A-900 is almost the same as that of commercial 20 wt% Pt-deposited carbon particles (Pt/C), and the max power density (Pmax) of the single cell using CoNC-1000A-900 as the cathode catalyst reaches 361 mW cm−2, which is higher than Pt/C (284 mW cm−2).

The effects of silica fume and diatomaceous earth on the mechanochemical activation and pozzolanic activity of kaolin

In this study, the mechanochemical activation of kaolin was combined with the addition of two different pozzolanic substances (silica fume or diatomaceous earth) to modify the structure and pozzolanic activity of kaolinite. The mixtures of kaolin and pozzolanic substances, in mass ratios of 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0, were co-ground for the activation. It was performed by high-energy dry grinding to obtain completely (100%) and incompletely (~90%) amorphized kaolinite phases, which were examined by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, as well as by the determination of the specific surface area and particle-size distribution. To characterize the pozzolanic reactivity, the compressive strength of mortar specimens were studied, in which 10% of ordinary Portland cement was replaced by mechanochemically activated materials.The addition of silica fume or diatomaceous earth reduced significantly the required grinding time and energy of the complete and partial amorphization of kaolinite. The accelerated amorphization of kaolinite can be attributed to the action of amorphous silica or hydrous silica grains as grinding bodies. The effect of these amorphous silica grains on the mechanochemical amorphization of kaolinite was found practically the same as that of the crystalline quartz grains. The partial substitution of ordinary Portland cement by the mechanochemically activated materials increased the compressive strength of the mortar specimens due to the higher pozzolanic reactivity caused by the enlarged reactive silica and alumina content. The resulting strength data also demonstrated that the incomplete (~90%) amorphization of co-ground kaolinite, as compared to the complete amorphization, is more favorable to efficiently produce pozzolanic cement substitute materials with a high reactivity due to the high amount of amorphous kaolinite and the relatively weak interaction of particles.

Characterization of Waste Wood Biochar-Based Activated Carbon Synthesized by Hydrothermal Carbonization

The market for activated carbon is growing due to environmental awareness and strengthening of environmental regulations. Biochar is a solid carbide that is produced through a hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process. Wood is an ideal raw material for activated carbon and biomass waste wood because it has low energy consumption rates and does not require pre-treatment to remove moisture. The activated carbon samples in this study were prepared by a chemical activation process using KOH, which is mainly used for activation. The study analyzed the specific surface area, pore volume, pore size, and pore distribution by selecting four samples with high iodine adsorption capacity among the prepared activated carbon samples. The specific surface area for all four samples was between 1192.2 and 1387.1 m²/g, all of which were over 1,000 m²/g, and the pore volume was between 0.6510 and 0.8030 cm³/g. During this process, micropores with an average pore size of 21 to 25 A were formed. SEM photography revealed that these pores were uniform and that the number of pores increased according to activation levels of the carbon samples. When the iodine adsorptivity and specific surface area of commercial activated carbon was compared with that of activated carbon prepared by waste wood biochar with KOH, the specific surface area was higher in the activated carbon samples prepared by waste wood biochar with KOH. These results indicate that the adsorption of activated carbon by waste wood biochar with KOH is successful when applied to activated carbon samples.

Preparation of hierarchical porous carbon by pyrolyzing sargassum under microwave: The internal connection between structure−oriented regulation and performance optimization of supercapacitors

To find an effective correlation between the preparation process and the application performance of symmetric supercapacitors, the relationship between the structural characteristics of biomass porous carbon and the electrochemical performances of supercapacitors was studied. Based on a response surface experimental design, the pore structure of biochar produced by the microwave pyrolysis of sargassum was adjusted through the collaborative optimization of key parameters, and graded sargassum porous carbon (SPC) with different pore characteristics was successfully prepared. Three representative samples, SPC−1, SPC−2, and SPC−3, were selected by systematically exploring the effects of the specific surface area (SSA), pore volume (Vtotal), and pore size distribution on the electrochemical performances. The SSA and Vtotal values of SPC−1 were 1500.50 m2 g−1 and 1.0513 cm3 g−1, respectively. The large number of micropores provided space for electronic storage, allowing it to have an excellent electronic storage capacity. The SSA of SPC−2 was 2019.90 m2 g−1, and Vtotal was 1.2241 cm3 g−1. The rich micropores resulted in a good charge–discharge rate. The SSA of SPC−3 was as high as 2103.20 m2 g−1, and Vtotal was 1.4756 cm3 g−1. The micron−level mesopores between the SPC−3 carbon skeletons acted as ion buffer reservoirs to shorten the ion diffusion distance and produce excellent rate performances. Subsequently, the morphology and surface properties of porous carbon samples were characterized. The study revealed that hierarchical porous carbon materials with excellent properties must achieve a balance of the microstructure and surface properties and their influence on the electrochemistry. A higher degree of graphitization could bring about a high pore regularity, thereby optimizing the ion transport kinetics. Heteroatoms could increase redox active surface sites and provide additional pseudocapacitance, but the resulting defect structure formed a large number of pores with high edge roughness in the carbon material, which had a certain negative impact on the capacity properties of the materials. The above findings can provide technical support and a theoretical basis for controlling the pore networks and directionally optimizing the performances of supercapacitors by adjusting the pore structure of biochar.

D.E.M. modeling of biocemented sand: Influence of the cohesive contact surface area distribution and the percentage of cohesive contacts

Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is a recent technique used to reinforce the soil. In the present work, a 3D Discrete Element Method (DEM) model for biocemented sand is set up. It takes into account real contact properties, such as the cohesive contact surface area distribution and the percentage of cemented bonds, which have been computed from 3D synchrotron X-ray images at high resolution of biocemented sand with different amounts of calcite, ranging from 0 to 14.9% in volume (i.e. 19.6% in mass). Triaxial tests under different confining pressures are simulated. The macroscopic response of numerical and physical specimens are compared. Overall, these simulations show that the above contact properties play an important role on the macroscopic response and the proposed numerical model allows to describe with a good accuracy the macroscopic responses of lightly cemented samples (below 4% in volume), whereas it requires future developments to well represent the behavior of medium and highly cemented samples.

Integrated Photocatalytic Reduction and Oxidation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid by Metal–Organic Frameworks: Key Insights into the Degradation Mechanisms

The high porosity and tunability of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have made them an appealing group of materials for environmental applications. However, their potential in the photocatalytic degradation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been rarely investigated. Hereby, we demonstrate that over 98.9% of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was degraded by MIL-125-NH2, a titanium-based MOF, in 24 h under Hg-lamp irradiation. The MOF maintained its structural integrity and porosity after three cycles, as indicated by its crystal structure, surface area, and pore size distribution. Based on the experimental results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, a detailed reaction mechanism of the chain-shortening and H/F exchange pathways in hydrated electron (eaq-)-induced PFOA degradation were revealed. Significantly, we proposed that the coordinated contribution of eaq- and hydroxyl radical (•OH) is vital for chain-shortening, highlighting the importance of an integrated system capable of both reduction and oxidation for efficient PFAS degradation in water. Our results shed light on the development of effective and sustainable technologies for PFAS breakdown in the environment.

Experimental study on particle size distribution of impact crushed coal containing gas

Coal and gas outburst is a coal-rock dynamic disaster caused by the combined action of multiple factors, accompanying by the impact crushing on coal particles containing gas. Therefore, the study of coal impact crushing is of great significance to reveal the mechanism of coal and gas outbursts. In this study, a self-designed experimental system was used to investigate the characteristics of the coal particles under impact crushing. The coal samples from Xiaoqing Coal Mine 7# coal seam in Liaoning (XQ) and Zouzhuang Coal Mine 32# coal seam in Anhui (ZZ) were selected, and tested for drop hammer experiments under different gas pressures. The particle size distribution model and parameters such as surface area distribution ratio and average particle size were analyzed. The results show that GGS model and RR model can well fit the particle size distribution of coal samples after impact. The test results of coal samples with different gas pressures show that gas weakens the strength of coal significantly. A specific functional relationship was established between particle size distribution and specific crushing work and Protodyakonov coefficient, which is expected to be applied in coal mining enterprises.

Carbon-based zero valent iron catalyst for NOX removal at low temperatures: performance and kinetic study.

In order to solve the problem of nitrous oxide (NOX) removal at low temperatures, the carbon-based zero valent iron (C-ZFe) catalyst was prepared and studied. According to the kinetic study and the obtained kinetic parameters, the De-NOX reactor was designed to provide information for industrial applications. The box-behnken experimental design (BBD) was used to study the performance of C-ZFe, and the optimized operating parameters were obtained as the temperature was 408.15K, the catalyst bed height was 140cm (the space velocity was 459h-1), the concentration of NO was 550ppm, under which the NOX conversion was 72.7%. A kinetic model based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) and Mars Van Krevelen mechanism was used to describe the kinetics for the reduction of NO by C-ZFe at low temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), surface area and pore size distribution measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results supported the validity of the model proposed. The gas-solid catalytic kinetic process of NO removal by C-ZFe was a quasi-first-order kinetic reaction, the apparent activation energy was 41.57kJ/mol, and the pre-exponential factor was 2980min-1.

Various calcium loading and plasma-treatment leading to controlled surface segregation of high coke-resistant Ca-promoted NiCo–NiAl2O4 nanocatalysts employed in CH4/CO2/O2 reforming to H2

High coke-resistant Ca-promoted NiCo–NiAl2O4 nanocatalysts with different calcium loading (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.5 wt%) were synthesized via hybrid sol-gel-plasma method. Synthesized samples were applied in the CH4/CO2/O2 reforming to H2 reactions. Analyses revealed that the calcium addition caused the lower surface area, non-uniform distribution and larger particle size. Therefore, higher activity and yield were found for the nanocatalyst without calcium while catalytic activity and yield were descended for the other ones. This trend was according to the covering effect of calcium and undesirable effect of calcium over the surface area and particle size distribution. But owing to the enhanced coke gasification rate of Ca-rich samples, by increasing of Ca amount, coke deposition was descended and stable performance was promoted. Due to the time on stream performance (TOS) during the 48 h and at 750 °C, 1.5 wt% Ca-promoted NiCo–NiAl2O4 (NCCa1.5A (SGP)) was stable, but demonstrated the lower yield. Moreover, 0.25 wt% Ca-promoted NiCo–NiAl2O4 nanocatalyst (NCCa0.25A (SGP)) was illustrated the higher yield in comparison with NCCa1.5A (SGP). It must be noted that just 2.7% deactivation for H2 yield was detected for NCCa0.25A (SGP) during the 48 h TOS performance. H2 yield of the NCCa0.25A (SGP) at 850 °C was 84%. Based on the reverse trends of the yield and TOS performance, NCCa0.25A (SGP) was able to present as a promising nanocatalyst for CH4/CO2/O2 reforming to H2. Moreover, this offer was ascribed to the excellent coke resistance and superior catalytic performance of NCCa0.25A (SGP).

Preparation of biomass-based gas separation membranes from biochar residue obtained by depolymerization of lignin with ZSM-5 to promote a circular bioeconomy

Reuse of biochar residues after lignin degradation will not only save costs but also reduce the pollution, protect and improve the environment. In this study, biochar residue (BR) after peanut shell lignin selective depolymerization on ZSM-5 were recycled, and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Surface area & pore size distribution analyzers, Thermogravimetric Analysis. Subsequently, a series of hybrid matrix membranes were prepared using ethyl cellulose as the matrix and biochar residue after depolymerization under different reaction conditions as the filler. The separation performance of BR/EC membranes for CO2/CH4 mixed gas and CO2/N2 mixed gas was measured. The results showed that the gas separation membranes prepared with biochar residue (3 h, 300 °C) as filler had good gas separation characteristics. The resulting mixed-matrix membrane exhibited a permeability of 66.00 Barrer for CO2 and selectivities of 9.97 for CO2/CH4. Meanwhile, the resulting mixed-matrix membrane exhibited a permeability of 79.53 Barrer for CO2 and selectivities of 20.01 for CO2/N2. Both exceed the upper limit of known pure EC membranes. Therefore, the use of biochar residue after ZSM-5 depolymerization as a filler for gas separation membranes is a feasible way. Furthermore, the membrane is well stabilized, proving its good potential for industrial applications.

The Development of a 3D Pore‐Scale Lattice Boltzmann Model for 3D Microstructure Modeling and Design of Li‐Ion Battery Electrodes

Herein, the development of a 3D pore‐scale lattice Boltzmann (LB) model for simulating the transport processes and electrochemical performance of the porous electrodes in Li‐ion batteries is reported. The model captures the transport of ions, electrons, and liquid electrolyte species, coupled with the electrochemical reactions at the interface between the active material and the liquid electrolyte with complex boundary conditions. The model‐predicted discharge curves of a realistic nickel–manganese–cobalt battery electrode are shown to be in good agreement with the experimental measurement on the same electrode, demonstrating the validity of the model prediction. The LB model is then applied to simulate a series of electrode structures generated using the discrete‐element method, to understand the effects of particle size and distribution, porosity, pore size distribution, surface area, and tortuosity on the performance of the electrode. It is revealed that surface area and pore size distribution are the dominant factors for the performance, and electrodes with structured patterns are beneficial for achieving uniform local distribution of Li and current densities within the electrode. The LB model provides insightful understanding of spatial distribution of Li and local phenomenon in 3D electrode structures, and can be a useful tool for designing next‐generation battery electrodes.

Simple Ball‐Milled Molybdenum Sulfide Nanosheets for Effective Interface Passivation with Self‐Repairing Function to Attain High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Interface defects can generate serious nonradiative recombination in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and need to be restrained for further optimization of device performance. Herein, common and easily available 2D MoS2 nanosheets prepared by a ball‐milled method are demonstrated. The obtained MoS2 has bigger specific surface area and narrower pore distribution, inducing more water to be trapped on the surface or in pores of MoS2. With annealing, the locally absorbed water can be desorbed, and much more Mo atoms at the outermost surface layers could bond with oxygen to repair the uncoordinated Mo at edge sites for more ordered Mo—S—Mo bonds, which can weaken the catalytic activity of MoS2 to stabilize the heterojunction interface of hole transport layer (HTL)/perovskite. When it is used as the passivation layer between HTL and perovskite, the Mo2+–Mo4+ ion pair can promote electron transfer from Pb° to I°, suppressing the deep defects at this interface near the perovskite side. Meanwhile, MoS2 can passivate the surface (or grain boundaries) defects through the bond of Mo—I or Pb—O. The resultant PSCs give a champion efficiency of 22.39% with MoS2 treatment, thus enabling the decorated devices with excellent long‐term stability.

Arctic’s man-made impervious surfaces expanded by over two-thirds in the 21st century

Distribution of man-made impervious surface areas throughout the terrestrial Arctic. Each circle in the map represents the mean estimates of emerging year (color scale) and fractional percent of man-made impervious surface area (size scale) at a 1 km × 1 km resolution.

Shale’s Pore Structure and Sorption-Diffusion Characteristics: Effect of Analyzing Methods and Particle Size

The delineation of pore size and surface area distribution and methane sorption-diffusion capacity in gas shale reservoirs is crucial for the estimation of storage capacity, anticipating flow characteristics, and field development. A systematic approach and guidelines are needed for the analysis of the pore size and surface area distribution of shale formations. The effect of shale sample size on the gas sorption and diffusion properties is not well understood either. The low-pressure nitrogen adsorption technique is a prevalent method for pore characterization of nanoporous shale formations. Although researchers adopted some corrections to the classical method for the analysis of pore size and surface area distribution, there is a significant mismatch between different approaches in depicting fine mesopore size and surface area (2–10 nm). In this study, the classical methods and density functional theory are employed to comparatively analyze the pore characteristics of some shale and clay samples for their applicability, efficacy, and consistency issues. Furthermore, the effect of shale particle size on the methane sorption capacity and diffusion is being investigated. It seems that confinement stress has less of a considerable effect on methane sorption (6% decrease). However, crushing shale rocks into smaller particles can significantly overestimate the methane adsorption capacity. The methane diffusion coefficient also increases with increasing the shale particle size by more than an order of magnitude.

Construction Of High Loading Natural Active Substances Nanoplatform and Application in Synergistic Tumor Therapy.

BackgroundNatural bioactive substances have been widely studied for their superior anti-tumor activity and low toxicity. However, natural bioactive substances suffer from poor water-solubility and poor stability in the physiological environment. Therefore, to overcome the drawbacks of natural bioactive substances in tumor therapy, there is an urgent need for an ideal nanocarrier to achieve high bioactive substance loading with low toxicity.Materials and MethodsFace-centered cubic hollow mesoporous Prussian Blue (HMPB) NPs were prepared by stepwise hydrothermal method. Among them, PVP served as a protective agent and HCl served as an etching agent. Firstly, MPB NPs were obtained by 0.01 M HCl etching. Then, the highly uniform dispersed HMPB NPs were obtained by further etching with 1 M HCl.ResultsIn this work, we report a pH-responsive therapeutic nanoplatform based on HMPB NPs. Surprisingly, as-prepared HMPB NPs with ultra-high bioactive substances loading capacity of 329 μg mg−1 owing to the large surface area (131.67 m2 g−1) and wide internal pore size distribution (1.8–96.2 nm). Moreover, with the outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency of HMPB NPs (30.13%), natural bioactive substances were released in the tumor microenvironment (TME). HMPB@PC B2 achieved excellent synergistic therapeutic effects of photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy (CT) in vivo and in vitro without causing any extraneous side effects.ConclusionA biocompatible HMPB@PC B2 nanoplatform was constructed by simple physical adsorption. The in vitro and in vivo experiment results demonstrated that the synergy of PTT/CT provided excellent therapeutic efficiency for cervical cancer without toxicity. Altogether, as-designed nanomedicines based on natural bioactive substances may be provide a promising strategy for cancer therapy.

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF CLASSIFICATION TREE FOR IMPERVIOUS SURFACE MAPPING FROM SENTINEL-2 MSI DATA

Abstract. For studies of urban development, it is an important method for obtaining the distribution of impervious surface (IS) areas and their dynamic change from remote sensing data. The dilemma of the same spectrum for different features and different spectrums for the same features, posed by the complexity of the IS objects, is the fundamental obstacle encountered in the extraction of urban IS areas. In this study, an automatic extraction method for urban IS areas is proposed and analyzed, based on classification and regression tree (CART) and ensemble learning strategies. The Sentinel-2 MSI data of 30 cities in China from 2018 to 2020 were selected for IS extraction experiments. We perform temporal and spatial modeling of the splitting threshold offset in the classification model to explore the effect of time and space on IS extraction. The obtained offset models show that the temporal variation is not significant, while the spatial offsets have more obvious linear relationships.

Pre-baked anode structure and properties as a function of the Blaine number

Anode paste for pre-baked (PB) anodes represents a composite material based on calcined coke and coal tar pitch (used as a binder). A coke aggregate mix includes 3 to 5 fractions with a particle size of 12 mm down to 75 μm, and even less. Grain fractions larger than 0.2 mm form a sort of skeleton of the binder matrix and are prepared by crushing and screening. For filling the space between the grains, a dust fraction with particles less than 0.2 mm is used. The dust fraction constitutes up to 50% of the aggregate and can contain up to 70% of particles with a size of <75 μm. The dust fraction is prepared in a fine grinding circuit of ball mills. The dust fineness is determined based on the Blaine number (BN). The BN correlates with both Specific Surface Area (SSA) and Particle Size Distribution (PSD). High BN dust may account for up to 90% of the total aggregate surface area. If dust is too fine, it leads to a higher surface area of coke particles, which causes both higher particle reactivity and higher pitch demand. The above might result in higher carbon consumption. Therefore, it is important to keep a balance in terms of the particle size of the dust fraction. This paper discusses the PB anode structure and properties as a function of the BN. Lab anodes containing dust fractions with a BN of 2120, 2880, 3600, 3950 and 4700 were used for analysis. The paper presents obtained correlations between the BN and the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of PB anodes. An optimal BN of 3600 to 4200 was determined based on porosity tests of anode blocks with different BNs using mercury porosimetry; the above range can now be recommended for PB anode production.

High-throughput generation of aircraft-like soot

High-throughput, laboratory units for generation of aircraft-like soot are needed to quantify and understand the impact of such emissions on public health and climate change due to the high costs and limited access to aircraft engines. Enclosed spray combustion of jet fuel is used here to generate high soot concentrations, up to 255 mg/m3, three orders of magnitude higher than those typically obtained by widely used soot generators that use vapor-fed flames. This is attributed mostly to the use of real jet fuels. The large mass concentrations enable routine characterization of the soot specific surface area (SSA) and pore size distribution (PSD) by N2 adsorption. The geometric mean mobility diameter, d¯m, of soot agglomerates was systematically varied from 15 to 180 nm by varying the equivalence ratio (EQR) at constant fuel feed rates, while the organic to total carbon (OC/TC) ratio is low (<20%) at all conditions. The geometric mean primary particle (PP) diameter, d¯p, standard deviation, σg,p, and mass-mobility exponent, Dfm, were hardly altered in that EQR range. These measured Dfm and σg,p indicate that soot PPs were sinter-bonded by surface growth, in agreement with aircraft emissions literature. Most importantly, soot made at EQR ≤ 1.34 has mainly small pores (<2 nm) and similar morphology (Dfm = 2.52 ± 0.17), SSA (160 − 239 m2/g), OC/TC (< 20%), d¯m (15 − 61 nm) and d¯p (14 nm) with those from high-thrust aircraft emissions.