As FOLK names are of multifarious origin and are never compiled or systematized by the people, the diversity of the cock, hen, pullet, and related titles indicates a wide prevalence of the conceit of naming birds as if they were wild poultry. In its extreme form, this fancy results in comparisons with a particular breed of fowls. When a Wisconsin farmer spoke, although facetiously, of his black manorkies, he referred to the crows on his place as if they were a kind of chicken (Minorca). Then too, if I am not mistaken, the name coachen (varied to coachin, and folk-etymologized as cold-shin) in coastal North Carolina really means 'Cochin,' and indicates that the wildfowl specified (greater and lesser scaups and the ring-necked duck) are thought of as breeds of Nature's poultry. Further, when even the little downy woodpecker in the neighborhood of Golden Pond, Kentucky, is called dominecker, the allusion is to its speckled plumage, suggesting that of a race of chickens, the Dominique, which a long time ago some of us learned to call the dominick or dominicker. A related christening is that of dominicker for the red-shouldered hawk in Georgia. In this type of folk naming, the domesticated varieties of ducks also are not wholly neglected, the large Muscovy, with distinctive head adornment, suggesting the scoters, sizable among wild ducks and with unusually shaped and colored bills. All of our three species are known as bay muscoveys in Maryland, and each has been recorded under cognate but distinct titles: the white-winged scoter as muscovy (Pa.) and muscovite (Iowa); the surf scoter as 'scovy (Va.) and wild muscovy (Pa.); and the black scoter as little muscovy (Pa.). Surprisingly, the cognomen guinea is not as a rule applied to spotted birds; if there is any tendency in the usage, it is to designate medium-sized species that may more or less logically be classed as wild poultry. Spots seem to have been the decisive factor in giving the simple appellation guinea to Mearn's quail (Ariz.), but in all the other examples different reasons appear probable. A list follows: