Support Elements Research Articles

Artificial Intelligence as an Innovative Element of Support in Policing

Currently, the public security sector is faced with an increasing administrative burden that limits the ability of police officers to focus on core security tasks. This paper focuses on the possibility of using large-scale language models (LSMs) as an innovative tool to address this challenge. Based on a careful literature review and analysis of current trends in artificial intelligence, the author team develops a concept for integrating GPTs into police practice, with an emphasis on the potential for reducing administrative burden and supporting efficient processing of relevant information.As part of this research, we have identified key areas of policing where AI could bring significant value, including data analysis and document production assistance. However, it should be emphasized that this technology is still in its early stages of development and its implementation would require a carefully considered approach involving interdisciplinary collaboration and further research to test the theoretical assumptions presented in this study.Thus, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the potential benefits and challenges of integrating GPT into policing practice and outlines a path towards future innovative solutions in the field of public safety.

해양수산과학기술 창업활성화를 위한 기술지주회사 모델 연구

This study aims to develop a technology holding company model to activate entrepreneurship and facilitate technology commercialization in the field of marine and fisheries science and technology. By comprehensively analyzing the current status and policies of public technology entrepreneurship in Korea, the growth potential of the marine and fisheries market, and the current situation and challenges faced by marine and fisheries science and technology, this study seeks to explore concrete measures to promote the commercialization of public technology and entrepreneurship in this field. In particular, in the marine and fisheries field, technology commercialization and entrepreneurship of research and development results are insufficient, so it is analyzed that revitalization of entrepreneurship through the technology holding company model is necessary. Based on Isenberg's startup ecosystem model, this study analyzed the current status of technology commercialization and startup factors through in-depth interviews and surveys with researchers at the Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, and analyzed the feasibility of establishing a technology holding company. The research results suggest that an integrated approach is needed in which six major elements of policy, market, human capital, support, funding, and culture interact to revitalize marine and fisheries science and technology startups. In order to activate the interaction of the six major components, the establishment of a technology holding company such as 'KIOST Holdings' is necessary. Government and related agencies need to expand R&D support, provide incentives for entrepreneurship and technology commercialization, and establish legal and financial support systems for technology holding companies and research-based startups. Such support will lay the foundation for the sustainable development and global competitiveness of the marine and fisheries science and technology sector. The introduction of a technology holding company model for activating entrepreneurship in marine and fisheries science and technology is expected to play a crucial role in the sustainable development and enhancement of global competitiveness in the marine industry. This study suggests that the establishment of technology holding companies like 'KIOST Holdings' could serve as a foundation for implementing these strategies, marking an important step towards overcoming the limitations of Korean marine and fisheries science and technology and activating entrepreneurship and technology commercialization in this sector.

Enhancing human well-being and comfort: Optimizing the integration of plants in buildings

The escalating challenges posed by greenhouse effects and the imperative for sustainable solutions have garnered global attention towards mitigating environmental harm, with buildings emerging as significant contributors to carbon emissions. This case study meticulously examines the Shunde Country Garden Headquarters Building, a visually captivating exemplar of plant integration within architectural frameworks. While the initial design emphasizes aesthetics and sustainability, a deeper exploration uncovers shortcomings in considering the well-being of occupants. The integration of plants into building structures holds promise in carbon absorption and reduced energy consumption, making a positive contribution to sustainability. However, the Shunde case underscores challenges such as insufficient natural light, poor ventilation, and elevated indoor humidity levels. These issues highlight the critical necessity of aligning architectural designs with human experiences, transcending mere aesthetics and sustainability. This study also reveals a noticeable oversight in the social dimension of buildings integrated with plants within existing certifications and architectural practices. While certifications like LEED, WELL, Envision, and BREEAM primarily evaluate sustainability from a conventional standpoint, architects often prioritize aesthetics over the living experiences of occupants. The absence of comprehensive guidelines addressing human well-being and comfort impedes the widespread adoption of Vertical Greenery Systems (VGS). In response, this project aims to propose a design guideline that holistically considers environmental, economic, and social aspects. By accentuating occupants' comfort and well-being, the objective is to unlock the practical potential of VGS across various countries. The proposed design guideline encompasses environmental, economic, and social considerations. It delves into lighting, support, and landscape elements for the environment, and addresses economic aspects such as potential, construction, design, and landscape economy. Importantly, the social aspect takes precedence in the guideline, concentrating on innovation, location, and landscape. By addressing environment, economy, and society, this paper endeavors to elevate the impact of Vertical Greenery Systems on human well-being and comfort, fostering a sustainable and harmonious relationship between architecture and nature.

Fiber-interfaced hollow-core light cage: a platform for on-fiber-integrated waveguides.

Here, we demonstrate the realization of hollow-core light cages (LCs) on commercial step-index fibers using 3D nanoprinting, resulting in fully fiber-integrated devices. Two different light cage geometries with record-high aspect ratio strands and unique sidewise access to the core have been implemented, exhibiting excellent optical and mechanical properties. These achievements are based on the use of 3D nanoprinting to fabricate light cages and stabilize them with customized support elements. Overall, this approach results in novel, to the best of our knowledge, fiber-interfaced hollow-core devices that combine several advantages in a lab-on-a-fiber platform that is particularly useful for diffusion-related applications in environmental sciences, nanosciences, and quantum technologies.

Возможности использования опыта психологического обеспечения служебно-боевой деятельности сотрудников ОВД

The article is devoted to the difficult and extremely topical issue of organizing the conduct and content of the psychological support of service and combat activities of employees of the internal affairs bodies. Being one of the content elements of the psychological support for the professional activities of employees, the provision of service and combat activities has its own pronounced specifics both in organization and in content. The publication examines in detail the possibilities of the already existing, developed not without difficulty, experience in the psychological support of service and combat activities of employees.

Influence of friction between wood and support elements in the design of timber structures for roofing

Throughout history, wood has played a crucial role in all phases of building construction. Despite existing prejudices in Brazil regarding its use in structural systems, primarily due to the lack of dissemination of technical information, wood is gradually gaining more space in the market as a viable and environmentally sustainable alternative. With exceptional mechanical properties, wood is compatible with other widely used construction materials in the Brazilian structural market, such as concrete and steel. In this context, this research aims to analyze the influence of considering the friction coefficient caused by the sliding of the support with free horizontal displacements in isostatic trusses, investigating its impact on the design of the components that make up the truss. Such sliding generates a lateral friction force that promotes a restraining effect on the structure, potentially relieving stresses on the lower chord members. For this purpose, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is used as an analytical tool, supported by the iTruss verification software to validate the obtained results. By considering the frictional force generated on the support links of the analyzed trusses, the numerical results revealed changes in the design of structural profiles for all existing wood strength classes (D20, D30, D40, D50, and D60) in situations of friction between wood and wood, and between wood and concrete. A reduction in the volume of wooden pieces was observed, ranging from 5.88% to 8.54%, suggesting that the inclusion of the friction coefficient during structural calculations can result in savings, not only from a financial standpoint but also promoting environmental benefits by encouraging a more responsible use of wood in civil construction.

Administrative and Legal Regulation of Humanitarian Aid Under Martial Law

Since 2014, humanitarian aid has been one of the factors that has helped to ensure the livelihoods of the civilian population in eastern Ukraine (Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts). However, since the end of February 2022, humanitarian aid has become an important element of support for the population of Ukraine, as many citizens have found themselves in an extremely vulnerable economic, social and psychological situation under martial law. Since the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation, the problem of providing humanitarian aid, charitable donations and free assistance to military personnel and civilians, primarily internally displaced persons, has become urgent. Both Ukrainians and the international community, volunteers, NGOs and charitable foundations have united to help Ukraine. Responding to the challenges, the state began to rapidly restructure and diversify the existing system of providing humanitarian aid, charitable donations and free assistance to ensure that they are promptly delivered to those in need. The public became more active and joined forces in providing assistance to both internally displaced persons and military units, which led to the creation of a significant number of charitable organizations and intensified volunteerism. At the same time, cases of criminal offenses in the use of humanitarian aid and charitable donations, including fraud, misuse of aid, embezzlement, etc. have become more frequent.

Zadowolenie rodziców dzieci z zaburzeniami ze spektrum autyzmu ze specjalistycznego wsparcia dziecka i rodziny

Introduction: There is a significant increase in the number of children and adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The principle of collaboration with parents is one of the basic elements of comprehensive support provided to both children with ASD and their families. Research Aim: The aim of the research was a multi-faceted approach to the level of satisfaction of parents of children with ASD with the professional support and a search for personal traits and dispositions related to the level and various aspects of parents’ satisfaction with collaboration with specialists supporting their children and families. Method: The research was carried out in a group of 204 parents of children with ASD. The following measures were used: Family-Professional Partnership Scale (FPPS), Enabling Practices Scale (EPS), Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) – TIPI-PL; Psychological Entitlement Scale (PES), and Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6). Results: The obtained results show an above-average satisfaction of parents with the support they receive. Significant predictors of the satisfaction of surveyed parents with the specialist support were the following personal characteristics and dispositions: gratitude, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness. Conclusions: The results enable an initial assessment of satisfaction with formal support among parents of children with ASD. They also indicate selected personal dispositions related to a high level of satisfaction with the support received.

Enhancing patient well-being in oncology waiting rooms: a pilot field experiment on the emotional impact of virtual forest therapy.

This study explores the emotional impact of virtual forest therapy delivered through audio-visual recordings shown to patients in the oncology waiting rooms, focusing on whether simulated forest walks can positively influence patients' emotional states compared to traditional waiting room stimuli. The study involved 117 participants from a diverse group of oncology patients in the outpatient clinic waiting room at the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute. Using a partially randomized controlled trial design, the study assessed basic emotional dimensions-valence and arousal-as well as specific psychological states such as thought control, sadness, anxiety, and pain. This assessment used the Self-Assessment Manikin and the modified Emotional Thermometer before and after participants watched three video types (forest, sea, news). Baseline stress levels were measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). Participants exposed to forest and sea videos reported significant improvements in emotional valence and reduced arousal, suggesting a calming and uplifting effect. No significant changes were observed in the control and news groups. Secondary outcomes related to anxiety, sadness, and pain showed no significant interaction effects, though small but significant main effects of time on these variables were noted. The findings suggest that videos of forest and sea can be a beneficial intervention in the oncology waiting rooms by enhancing patients' emotional well-being. This pilot study underscores the potential for integrating virtual mental health support elements into healthcare settings to improve patient care experience.

Sensory Responsive Environments: A Qualitative Study on Perceived Relationships between Outdoor Built Environments and Sensory Sensitivities

This qualitative study explored the perceived relationships between outdoor built environments and sensory sensitivities, focusing on autism, ADHD, and dyslexia. Thirty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants who had lived experience with these focal groups. Through thematic analysis of their narratives, the study uncovered patterns highlighting the perceived relationships between designed landscapes and sensory sensitivities in neurodivergent individuals, encompassing both heightened sensitivity (hypersensitivity) and reduced sensitivity (hyposensitivity). Emergent themes included individual and personal factors, sensory affordances, the benefits of outdoor environments, ambient environmental factors, materiality, spatial design, navigating environments, pedestrian-centric transportation, sensorimotor movement, safety, refuge, human settlement types, social environments, and accessibility plus inclusion. Subthematic patterns within these larger thematic categories were also identified. Study participants revealed significant sensory barriers and sensorially supportive elements of designed outdoor environments, along with promising design interventions. The findings unveil the advantages of designing multi-sensory landscapes tailored to atypical sensory needs, emphasizing the importance of fostering inclusion by designing landscapes that reflect the communities they serve. This concept is encapsulated in the development of the Sensory Responsive Environments Framework (SREF), the emergent theoretical framework of this study.

Settlement control in large span tunnels under shallow over burden: a case study of the Arash-Esfandiar-Niayesh tunnel

Settlement control is pivotal in the construction of large span tunnels, particularly when situated under shallow overburden. The importance of settlement control in the context of the Arash-Esfandiar-Niayesh tunnel project, a multi section tunnel designed to facilitate two-way traffic in Municipality of Tehran District 3, is studied. The tunnel, which possesses an overburden of 4–15 m, faces unique challenges such as low overburden, urban location, and proximity to tall structures. By integrating the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), this paper examines the effects of various support systems on construction of the tunnel project. Two critical sections are analyzed, and the settlement control strategies are examined according to a combination of various support elements. Analysis and numerical modeling based on PLAXIS 2D finite element code revealed the impact of these support systems on ground settlements on the structural and geotechnical stability. They had a substantial impact of tunnel geometric shape on sustainability and stress distribution. The inadequacy of common support systems, especially in tunnels with a horseshoe section, is highlighted. The impact of removing temporary lattice girderson surface settlements emphasizes the importance of settlement monitoring. Field data, including a maximum vertical displacement of 2.6 cm on the ground and in the tunnel, validate the numerical analysis results. Despite the challenges, the consistency between numerical and instrument data underscores the effectiveness of settlement control strategies.

Endomysium determines active and passive force production in muscle fibers

Connective tissues can be recognized as an important structural support element in muscles. Recent studies have also highlighted its importance in active force generation and transmission between muscles, particularly through the epimysium. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the impact of the endomysium, the connective tissue surrounding muscle fibers, on both passive and active force production. Pairs of skeletal muscle fibers were extracted from the extensor digitorum longus muscles of rats and, after chemical skinning, their passive and active force–length relationships were measured under two conditions: (i) with the endomysium between muscle fibers intact, and (ii) after its dissection. We found that the dissection of the endomysium caused force to significantly decrease in both active (by 22.2 % when normalized to the maximum isometric force; p < 0.001) and passive conditions (by 25.9 % when normalized to the maximum isometric force; p = 0.034). These findings indicate that the absence of endomysium compromises muscle fiber’s not only passive but also active force production. This effect may be attributed to increased heterogeneity in sarcomere lengths, enhanced lattice spacing between myofilaments, or a diminished role of trans-sarcolemmal proteins due to dissecting the endomysium. Future investigations into the underlying mechanisms and their implications for various extracellular matrix-related diseases are warranted.

New Media and Self-directed Learning: Enhancing Pedagogical Transformation in an Open Distance Learning Landscape

In essence, open educational resources (OERs) are transforming the education landscape in many different fields. They are swiftly becoming important elements in support of open educational practices and the open education movement. Modern technological innovations permeate every aspect of life, and higher education is no exception. This study investigated the types and pedagogical value of the new media that academics have adopted to promote self-directed learning at the University of South Africa (Unisa). To realise the aim of the study, the following questions were addressed: Which new media approaches have academics adopted to enhance self-directed learning? What is the pedagogical value of using new media in an open and distance learning environment? The study was informed by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. A qualitative approach was employed, and data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 30 purposively selected Unisa academics from across different schools. Upon analysing the data using open and axial coding, dominant themes from the discussions were identified and discussed in detail. The findings revealed that various new media platforms, such as OERs, blogs, Camtasia Studio, Google Docs, and so forth, are used to promote self-directed learning at Unisa and have proven to be pivotal in opening avenues of communication and collapsing the transactional distance at this ODL institution. New media thus serve as strong catalysts for fostering pedagogical transformation.

Good practice in sport science and medicine: perceptions of leaders on support and management of practitioners and teams

ABSTRACT The evaluation and delivery of good practice in the provision of Sport Science and Medicine (SSM) is clearly of interest and importance – with applied research, both anecdotal and empirical, that is burgeoning. However, no literature to date explores the role of the organisation and leader in supporting those striving to deliver good practice. The primary aim of this investigation is to explore the perceptions of experienced high-level leaders in the leadership, direction and operation of SSM practitioners and teams. A mixed methods modified Delphi technique, with three stages of investigation – a quantitative survey, individual interviews, and focus group discussions, was undertaken with 13 leaders of high-performance sport organisations in Europe and Australasia. This approach allowed expert consensus to be arrived at on a set of theoretically underpinned principles applicable to the pan regional support of good practice. A plethora of principles are offered relating to three core areas of support: organisational requirements; leadership; and practitioners´ skills and development. Importantly, a number of operational considerations for application are captured, including the impact of situational context in determining the focus and core elements of support required. Findings are particularly relevant for those leading SSM delivery – with a well led, organised and supported approach seemingly enabling good practice. In addition, results offer further empirical support to the importance of interdisciplinary teamwork, non-technical skill sets and relevant development opportunities for the practitioner. Overall, we hope the principles derived offer a practical starting point for those engaged in SSM provision.

Assessment of Potential Use of a Composite Based on Polyester Textile Waste as Packing Elements of a Trickle Bed Bioreactor.

Biological wastewater treatment using trickle bed reactors is a commonly known and used solution. One of the key elements of the proper operation of the trickle bed bioreactor is the appropriate selection of biofilm support elements. The respective properties of the bioreactor packing media used can influence, among other things, the efficiency of the treatment process. In this study, the possibility of polyester waste material usage for the preparation of the biofilm support elements was tested. The following properties were checked: adsorption capacity, swelling, surface morphology, microbicidal properties, as well as the possibility of their use in biological wastewater treatment. The tested elements did not adsorb copper nor showed microbicidal properties for bacterial strains Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as well as fungal strains Aspergillus niger and Chaetomium globosum. The hydrophilic and rough nature of the element surface was found to provide a friendly support for biofilm formation. The durability of the elements before and after their application in the biological treatment process was confirmed by performing tests such as compressive strength, FTIR analysis, hardness analysis and specific surface area measurement. The research confirmed the applicability of the packing elements based on polyester textile waste to the treatment of textile wastewater. The treatment efficiency of the model wastewater stream was above 90%, while in the case of a stream containing 60% actual industrial wastewater it was above 80%. The proposed solution enables the simultaneous management of textile waste and wastewater treatment, which is consistent with the principles of a circular economy. The selected waste raw material is a cheap and easily available material, and the use of the developed packing elements will reduce the amount of polyester materials ending up in landfills.

Experiences of workers with long-term disabilities on employer support throughout the RTW process in The Netherlands: a qualitative study

Purpose The aim of this qualitative study was to explore ways that employer support influenced successful return to work (RTW) in workers with disabilities. Methods We conducted a semi-structured interview study among 27 workers with disabilities in the Netherlands who received a partial disability benefit two years after sick leave and who continued working in paid (part-time) employment after a period of long-term sickness absence (> 2 years). We analyzed data by means of thematic analysis. Results We identified four types of employer support that were experienced as factors of successful RTW: 1. Supervisor accessibility; 2. Supervisor engagement; 3. Supervisor strategies; and 4. Supervisor-initiated work accommodations. More specifically, during the preparations for RTW phase, the supervisor’s active role involved having a positive and open attitude toward facilitating RTW; during the initial RTW phase, the supervisor’s role involved being creative in finding solutions for work accommodations; and during the sustained RTW phase, the supervisor’s role included helping workers who still needed changes in their work situations. Conclusion The elements of successful employer support reveals that the pressure on the shoulders of the supervisor is high. Future research should further investigate whether supervisors need more phase-specific training from their organization.

Steel Arch and Rock Bolt Support in Terms of the Gateroad Stability Maintaining behind the Longwall Face

The longwall system is an extraction system commonly used in coal mining in many countries, including Poland. One of the methods for reducing extraction costs is the dual use of the gateroad. In the first instance, the gateroad serves as the tailgate, and during the exploitation of the second coal panel, it functions as the headgate. Such a situation requires maintenance of the roadway behind the longwall face, which is typically challenging, due to significant stress-related loads on the support and its substantial deformation. The support design for this kind of roadway should take into consideration the dual impact of exploitation pressure and the caved zone influence behind the longwall face. This article presents the results of in-situ research conducted on two roadways behind the longwall face. In both roadways, the effectiveness of specially designed steel arch frames and rock bolt patterns were examined to minimize roadway deformations and maintain their functionality. The research project was comprised of several stages. Initially, mining and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the geomechanical parameters of the rocks. Subsequently, excavation stability and functionality forecasts were performed based on the authors’ empirical indicators. Then, numerical analyses were carried out to design support schemes (steel arches and rock bolt) in both roadways. A fully automated monitoring system with programmed data loggers was designed to check the behaviour of a specific rock mass and the support elements. The load on the steel arch support was measured with the help of load cells, while the load on the rock bolt support was carried out with the help of measurement bolts. Behind the longwall face, the loads on the wooden cribs set from the goaf side were also monitored. Additionally, the measurement station was equipped with extensometers to monitor the movement of roof layers and stress meters to determine changes in rock mass stress. Laser scanning or traditional surveying methods were also used to verify the support schemes through roadway convergence measurements. The obtained results allowed us to draw conclusions regarding the optimization of support schemes and to give recommendations for the practical application of specific reinforcements in excavations maintained behind the longwall face.

Influence of globalization factors on human development

The article aims to study the impact of globalization on the leading indicators of human development. The essence of «globalization» is clarified, and its content is defined. Sustainable development is crucial for overcoming the consequences of the war and rebuilding Ukraine's regions. It offers a comprehensive approach considering infrastructure, economy, society, and the environment. From an economic point of view, it includes not only economic recovery but also the wise use of resources, ensuring stability and creating new opportunities. To support the population affected by the war, it is essential to consider the social elements of sustainable development. From an environmental perspective, preserving the region's natural resources and ecosystems is necessary. In addition, support and international cooperation are vital to achieving sustainable development in Ukraine. The influence of globalization factors on human development is studied. Various aspects of globalization, such as trade, investment, migration, and technological progress, and their impact on human development indicators, such as income per capita, life expectancy, education level, and access to health care, are analyzed. These elements have been proven to highlight how important it is to adhere to the principles of sustainable development when rebuilding war-affected areas. In the process of Ukraine's recovery, implementing the principles of sustainable development will create a sustainable basis for economic growth and development, improve the population's quality of life, and reduce the risks of recovery. The study is based on data from various sources, including the World Bank, the United Nations, and the International Monetary Fund. It is proved that the successful implementation of the concept of sustainable development in Ukraine requires support and cooperation with other countries. Particular attention should be paid to sustainable development programs directly funded and supported by international organizations and partners, which is an essential element of support for the recovery of war-affected regions of Ukraine and emphasizes the importance of researching the impact of globalization on human development indicators. Keywords: globalization, human development, migration, life expectancy, level of education, health care.

Psychosocial readiness assessment for heart transplant candidates

BackgroundPsychosocial evaluation for transplant suitability is required by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) as a condition of participation for transplant programs. There are no regulations regarding follow-up reassessment for transplant readiness after waitlisting. ObjectivesAn evidence-based pilot project was developed and implemented to evaluate the feasibility of psychosocial readiness assessments for waitlisted heart transplantation candidates. The primary aim was to test the feasibility of these assessments in practice from a patient and programmatic perspective. MethodsDuring a 12-week period, waitlisted outpatients underwent one assessment each. Socioeconomic elements of caregiver support, housing, transportation, and insurance coverage status were assessed by simple using “yes/no” questions. To assess mental health needs, the General Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) tools were utilized. Rescheduled readiness visits and no-show rates were measured. A post-implementation Qualtrics survey was administered to measure team member perceptions of feasibility. ResultsA total of 57 patients were assessed during the 12-week period. The primary aim of feasibility was achieved with 93 % of visits performed with freedom from rescheduling or patient no-show to the visit. Additionally, 75 % of team members reported the readiness assessments were feasible to complete in practice. ConclusionsAddressing the non-medical and mental health needs of waitlisted heart transplant patients allows transplant programs to maintain candidates with necessary resources and care. The readiness assessments are feasible in practice and may serve to reduce untoward outcomes in the post-transplant phase by providing targeted care prior to the time of transplant.

Support for primary care prescribing for adult ADHD in England: national survey.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, for which there are effective pharmacological treatments that improve symptoms and reduce complications. Guidelines published by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommend that primary care practitioners prescribe medication for adult ADHD under shared-care agreements with Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS). However, provision remains uneven, with some practitioners reporting a lack of support. This study aimed to describe elements of support, and their availability/use, in primary care prescribing for adult ADHD medication in England to improve access for this underserved population and inform service improvement. Cross-sectional surveys were used to elicit data from commissioners, health professionals (HPs), and people with lived experience of ADHD (LE) across England about elements supporting pharmacological treatment of ADHD in primary care. Three interlinked cross-sectional surveys were used to ask every integrated care board in England (commissioners), along with convenience samples of HPs and LEs, about prescribing rates, AMHS availability, wait times, and shared-care agreement protocols/policies for the pharmacological treatment of ADHD in primary care. Descriptive analyses, percentages, and confidence intervals were used to summarise responses by stakeholder group. Variations in reported provision and practice were explored and displayed visually using mapping software. Data from 782 responders (42 commissioners, 331 HPs, 409 LEs) revealed differences in reported provision by stakeholder group, including for prescribing (95% of HPs versus 64% of LEs). In all, >40% of responders reported extended AMHS wait times of ≥2 years. There was some variability by NHS region - for example, London had the lowest reported extended wait time (25%), while East of England had the highest (55%). Elements supporting appropriate shared-care prescribing of ADHD medication via primary care are not universally available in England. Coordinated approaches are needed to address these gaps.