Rural Development Support Research Articles

FROM PERCEPTION TO SUPPORT: THE ROLE OF POLITICAL BUREAUCRACY IN RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN LOMBOK, INDONESIA

Numerous studies emphasise the importance of local governance and governmental support in promoting long-term rural tourist growth. Political bureaucracy, which encompasses the duties and activities of government officials and institutions, plays an important role in developing policies, providing required infrastructure, and fostering stakeholder collaboration. The challenge at hand is the ambiguous relationship between perceived benefits (economic, social, and environmental) and community support influenced by political structures. This study explores moderating role of political bureaucracy on the relationship between the impact of perceived tourism benefits and the community support for rural tourism development in Lombok, Indonesia. The objective is to understand how these perceptions affect support when moderated by political bureaucracy. Data were collected using quantitative methods from 183 residents via online surveys and analysed using SmartPLS SEM for measurement and structural model assessments. The findings revealed no significant relationship between perceived economic and social benefits and community support. However, environmental benefits showed a positive influence. The moderating role of political bureaucracy was found to be minimal. The study suggests that enhancing awareness and empowerment of local communities could improve support for tourism. These insights are vital for policymakers and stakeholders to develop strategies that foster sustainable rural tourism.

游客与村民双重感知下的传统村落旅游发展研究

Rural tourism has gradually become an important support for rural development and revitalization. It can promote the comprehensive development of local rural revitalization, accelerate the implementation of rural revitalization strategies, and increase the economic income of farmers and activate the rural cultural environment. Based on a field survey of Zhengying Village in southern Yunnan, this study analyzes the current tourism development status of Zhengying Village from the perspectives of both villagers and tourists, and identifies a series of challenges that are not conducive to promoting the development of traditional village tourism. On this basis, in order to enhance the tourism experience of tourists, increase the income of villagers, and promote the development of local tourism industry, it is necessary for grassroots governments to coordinate tourism planning and design, cultural and tourism departments to innovate cultural and tourism promotion methods, village collectives to enhance cultural excavation capabilities, villagers to stimulate internal service motivation, highlight the characteristics of rural tourism, and promote the development and growth of local tourism industry.

Yam Production-Related Agro-climatological Risks and Yam Yield Modeling in Côte d’Ivoire: A Review

In this paper, we present a review of the agro-climatological-related risk of yam production and models developed for yam yield prediction in Côte d’Ivoire. Four official national platforms (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MINADER), National Center for Agricultural Research (CNRA), National Agency for Rural Development Support (ANADER), Airport, Aeronautical and Meteorological Exploitation and Development Company (SODEXAM)) and six scientific search engines were investigated in this study including Theses.fr, African Journal Online, Science Direct, Google Scholar, WorldCat and Semantic Scholar. Using the boolean parameters “AND”, “OR” and “()” to facilitate and direct our search, we were able to define four key phrases comprising the topic words that were used in the search. Exclusion and inclusion criteria for the selection of documents were also defined in advance, as well as the criteria for reviewing and extracting information from selected documents. The results showed that no work in the field of agro-climatological risks related to yam production and yam yield modeling in Côte d’Ivoire was available on these online research platforms at the time of this literature review. However, other studies similar to the scope of this review on yam exist in several West African countries, particularly Ghana, Benin and Nigeria, and also in the Caribbean. These studies use simulation models such as the Approach for Land Use Sustainability (SALUS) model, the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model and the Cropping Systems Simulation (CROPSYST) model for growth, yield modeling and the influence of climatic parameters on yam. In addition to these models, artificial intelligence through machine learning models was also seen in this review as an excellent tool for yield prediction for several crops including yams.

Understanding government support for rural development in Hubei Province, China

Quantifying the spatiotemporal characteristics of government support for rural development is crucial for accurately optimizing or formulating policies for rural development, but research identifying government support for rural development at the geospatial scale has not yet emerged. This paper used Hubei Province, China, as the study area and constructed indicators of government support for rural development based on the intensity of support, the spatial direction of support, and the spatial agglomeration of support based on the characteristics of legal rural construction land allocation. Panel data regression was used to quantify the direction of rural development that requires the allocation of rural construction land based on government support. The results showed that government support for rural development through legal rural construction land allocation has strong spatiotemporal characteristics: From 2009 to 2018, the intensity of support grew, the spatial direction of support was regular, and government support was increasingly manifested as local agglomeration. The orientations of government support through legal rural construction land allocation for rural development include farmers’ production, farmers’ livelihoods and social security. This research provides a reference for quantifying government support through legal rural construction land allocation for rural development and the direction of government support.

Evolutionary Trend Analysis of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Load in Chongqing Based on Land Use Simulation

Analysis of the relationship between future land use change and agricultural non-point source pollution (ANPSP) evolution is vital to promoting sustainable regional development. By simulating future land use types, we can identify and analyze the evolution trend of ANPSP. This study takes Chongqing as a case study to establish an integrated solution based on the PLUS model, output coefficient model, and GIS technology. The solution can simulate data, identify trends, and identify key control areas under future development scenarios. The results show that the PLUS model can simulate land use types at the provincial scale with high accuracy, with a Kappa coefficient of around 0.9. The land use type changes show that urban expansion has occupied a large amount of cultivated land. From 2000 to 2020, the proportion of high-load areas with TN pollution load levels was 4.93%, 5.02%, and 4.73%, respectively. Under the two scenarios in 2030–2050, the number of high-load areas decreased, and the average load level decreased from west to east. Sensitivity analysis found that risk changes are more sensitive to the increase in fertilizer application. When the TN and TP output coefficients are increased, the number of towns with increased levels is greater than those with decreased levels when the output coefficients are decreased. Sensitivity analysis can better identify key pollution control areas. The areas sensitive to changes in farmers’ behavior are mainly the Hechuan District, Nanchuan District, Qijiang District, Jiangjin District, and Bishan District. This study provides data and decision-making support for rural green development and water environment improvement.

Impact of european funds upon rural development in the European Union

Rural Development Funds are an important part of the European Union strategies, under the Common Agricultural Policy. They should help in the development of rural areas, which are the most subjected to poverty and social depravation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of these funds upon rural development in an attempt to assess the efficiency of their usage. To do this, we use data for the 27 European Union members states for the 2000 – 2022 period. Data related to productivity in agriculture, employment and poverty in rural areas is used as dependent and modelled with the help of dynamic panel regression against the amount of money used from these funds. We show that as rural development funds increased in time, poverty decreased, which is an important indicator of efficiency. Additionally, while the variables related to the rural areas, like importance of agriculture in the national economy, employment and poverty in rural areas follow the classical spatial distributions on the West-East direction, the use of rural development funds does not. Absorbed rural development funds have significantly impacted the gross value added in agriculture, employment, and poverty in rural areas. Our most important result is the inverse relationship between rural development funds absorbed and the percentage of rural people at risk of poverty and social exclusion, clearly pointing out the need for continuous support for rural development.

Somatic cell count and an Animal Needs Index to evaluate animal welfare in dairy cattle on farms constructed to the standards of the Agriculture and Rural Development Support Institution

In this research, welfare measurements were made on 14 modern dairy cattle farms (Type 1) with similar enterprise scales and built without any support from any institution, and on eight modern dairy cattle farms (Type 2), which were built with the support of the Agriculture and Rural Development Support Institution (ARDSI), in the province of Konya, Turkey. Welfare levels of dairy cattle farms were measured using the Animal Needs Index (ANI) 35L/2000 method. Milk samples were taken from each of these enterprises and somatic cell counts were obtained. Collected data and calculated ANI scores were compared. While there was a substantial difference between the two enterprise types in terms of the scores obtained for stockmanship (welfare measurement) and the general ANI scores, there was no relationship between the enterprise types in terms of somatic cell count. According to the ANI 35L/2000 welfare measurement method, suitable welfare conditions were provided in these enterprises. However, when examining categories that determine the overall ANI welfare score, deficiencies in some welfare criteria such as flooring, stockmanship, and light–air conditions were noted.

Rural sustainable development: A case study of the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone in China

Sustainable development is the central theme of modern global development. With the arrival of the urban era, the vulnerability and instability of rural areas have significantly increased, and rural sustainable development faces serious challenges. To address these issues, the study took the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone in China under the National Sustainable Development Agenda as a case, combined with 2016–2020 economic and social and land use data, and applied Granger causality test method to explore the theoretical and practical pathways of “innovation-driven rural sustainable development”. The results showed that rural sustainable development and economic sustainability displayed a trend of synergistic change, with “explosive” growth from 2018 to 2020. The social sustainability steadily increased from 2016 to 2020. Ecological and spatial sustainability continuously declined during the study period. Moreover, the rural innovation capacity of the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone displayed rapid growth during 2016–2020. Although the rural innovation capacity of the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone has rapidly improved, it has a weak driving effect on rural sustainable development and economic sustainability. There are two primary challenges that must be overcome to ensure the rural sustainable development of the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone. The first challenge is the imbalance among the multi-dimensional relationships in the process of rural sustainable development, and the second challenge is the weakening of rural innovation capacity to drive rural sustainable development. To overcome these challenges, this study proposed a systematic pathway for rural sustainable development in the Zaozhuang Innovation Demonstration Zone from multi-dimensions, such as policy actions, technologies, projects, and institutional guarantees, and formed a universal and representative “Zaozhuang model”. This study expands the theoretical foundation of rural sustainable development and provides theoretical and practical support for innovation-driven rural sustainable development.

Rural road stimulus and the role of matching mandates on economic recovery in China

This paper explores the implications for economic recovery of a rural road stimulus program in China that led to the sudden suspension of local matching mandates. The main results reveal that a temporary cost share exemption stimulates short-term income growth in treated villages. As an explanation, I find that a cost share exemption leads to larger increases on local investment mainly on allied road improvements and to a lesser extent support for rural enterprise development and agricultural services. The observed crowding-in effects are further linked to the reallocation of households out of agriculture and a rise in entrepreneurial activities by returning migrants. The findings imply that matching mandates impede the ability of fiscally constrained locales to mobilize sufficient resources to cover their share of project costs, contributing to inadequate road investment from upper-levels of government. Suspending matching mandate helps to relax local budget constraints, stimulating income and local multipliers that help to accelerate economic recovery.

Multicriteria Analysis in Apiculture: A Sustainable Tool for Rural Development in Communities and Conservation Areas of Northwest Peru

Apiculture plays a vital role in maintaining a genetically diverse ecosystem and is an economic activity that contributes to the development of rural communities, thereby enhancing the livelihoods of beekeepers. However, despite the presence of over forty thousand beekeepers in Peru, there is currently no cartographic information available on optimal areas for the development of apiculture. Our study focused on assessing the suitability of land for apiculture development in rural and indigenous communities within the Amazonas Department in northwest Peru. We integrated biophysical and socioeconomic criteria using the Multiple Criteria Evaluation (MCE) technique, in conjunction with state-of-the-art geoinformation and earth observation techniques, to model and validate land suitability for supporting apiculture. It was identified that suitability is influenced by biophysical criteria (65%) and socioeconomic criteria (35%), resulting in highly suitable areas covering 315.6 km2 within the territory of peasant communities, 128.4 km2 within native communities, and an additional 41.4 km2 within conserved areas. Furthermore, to validate our results, we combined the use of high-resolution satellite imagery and visits to artisanal producers. This research provides valuable insights for spatiotemporal land use planning, emphasizing apicultural activity as a driver of rural development and biodiversity conservation. Consequently, this study contributes as a management tool to promote apicultural activities as support for rural development and in local-level decision making.

The countryside in the eyes of the beholder: developing and testing a tourists’ rurality perception scale

ABSTRACT Although rurality is considered the core attraction of rural tourism, few studies have explored how to define and measure it using the tourist perspective. To address this gap, this study identified the different dimensions of the tourists’ rurality perception by qualitatively analyzing tourists’ online reviews and interview texts. These dimensions reflect both objective elements of rurality and the subjective feelings of tourists. This study argues that rurality should be defined in the tourism context as a combination of objective elements (e.g. landscape, built, and natural features) influencing tourists’ subjective perceptions (e.g. peaceful, engaging). Therefore, this study identified and categorized the different dimensions of the tourists’ rurality perceptions, developed these categories and dimensions into a tourists’ rurality perception scale with 25 items representing five dimensions (i.e. relaxation, authenticity, novelty, escapism, and modernity), and tested the scale’s reliability and validity. This novel measurement scale provides theoretical support and practical guidance for rural tourism research and development.

Information support for rural areas development: methodological principles of using administrative registers’ data for conducting rural population censuses

The article deals with the study of the role of the population census as the main official source of data on the population, in particular, those living in rural areas, and its main characteristics. The role of statistical data in providing information for the development of rural areas is substantiated. The demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the rural and urban population of Ukraine for the period 2000-2021 are compared. Census provides data on the number and main characteristics of the country's population based on principles of individual enumeration, simultaneity, universality, small area data and defined periodicity. From the methodological point of view, the main forms of the census are traditional, combined and register-based. The purpose of the study is to generalize methodological approaches to the register-based censuses and to analyze prerequisites for the transition from traditional to the register-based census. The study was performed on the basis of the systematic approach. Analysis, synthesis, comparison, theoretical generalization, as well as abstract-logical and historical methods as general-scientific methods of theoretical research were applied to achieve the purpose of the study. The results obtained indicate that an administrative register is a systematic collection of unit-level data that can be updated. Population register and a dwelling register should be used in a census in order to treat it as register-based. The main advantages of the register-based census are cost reduction, better possibilities of updating data, performing census more frequently and quicker, improving data accuracy by integration of different registers information. To meet census needs, administrative data have to be complete, accurate, linkable, up-to-date, contain sufficient variables. However, so far as register data are collected for non-statistical purposes, additional measures are needed to enable their use for census purposes. These are methodological as well as legislative and technical measures. The countries of Northern Europe have accumulated the greatest experience of conducting population censuses based on administrative registers. This will be useful to the state statistics authorities of Ukraine for the statistical purposes of population accounting. Also this will allow to reduce the cost of obtaining necessary information, as well as expand the list of data for further analysis. Our research found that Ukrainian statistics started moving toward research-based census, but there is a lot of work to conduct the 2030 Census based on administrative registers data. Key words: rural areas, rural territorial community, census, traditional census, combined census, register-based census, administrative register.

Current Situation and Development of Ideological and Political Education for Rural Youth under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization

Rural revitalization is an important issue of the times that closely follows the development of the times and affects the political, economic and cultural development of China. As an important participant of this issue of the times, rural youths shoulder the important mission of building rural culture and at the same time the important historical responsibility of building a beautiful countryside. The ideological and political education work of rural youth is an important part of realizing rural revitalization, and it is also an important ideological support and source of rural life production and development. For the ideological and political education of youth in rural areas, it is necessary to base on the strategy of rural revitalization and actively carry out the ideological and political education work of rural youth. This paper analyzes the role of youth ideological and political education in rural areas, discusses the problems of rural youth ideological and political education in rural revitalization, starts from the four aspects of education environment, education guidance, education carrier and education mechanism, and puts forward the optimization path of rural youth ideological and political education in the context of rural revitalization in the light of the current political and economic situation in rural areas, hoping that can provide help for the ideological and political education work in rural areas in China.

ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF ORGANIZATION OF LAND USE MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

The subject of the research is to study the current state of organization of land use management in agricultural enterprises. Methodology. In the course of the study, general scientific methods were used, in particular, theoretical generalization; methods of analysis and synthesis and statistical analysis, the method of SWOT-analysis of opportunities and threats was applied, and the graphical method was used to visualize the results of the study. The aim of the article is to analyze the current state of organization of land use management in agricultural enterprises. Conclusions of the study. Thus, having systematized the factors that determine the peculiarities of the organization of land management in agricultural enterprises, three groups were identified: natural-climatic and geographical, organizational-economic, agrotechnical and agrochemical. Based on the SWOT analysis of land resources as an object of management, it is determined that the purpose of land resources management of agricultural enterprises is to ensure the efficient use of land as the main factor of agricultural production in the long term on the basis of reproduction of productive land and increase the sustainability of agricultural landscapes, taking into account the balance of public and private interests. It should be noted that all subjects of land relations have the opportunity to minimize the negative consequences caused by the manifestation of weaknesses of land resources identified on the basis of SWOT analysis. First of all, such opportunities are related to the increase of state support for agriculture and rural development; strengthening of state control over the targeted use of agricultural land and its reproduction; improvement of the financial condition of agricultural enterprises and intensification of their innovation activities; development of adaptive landscape farming systems; appearance on the market of innovations in the form of new breeding-genetic, technical-technological and organizational-managerial solutions that ensure the preservation and improvement of the consumer qualities of productive lands, as well as the prevention of their degradation.

Partnerships in place: Facilitating rural local government entrepreneurialism in Newfoundland and Labrador

AbstractRural local governments across Canada, including those in Newfoundland and Labrador, struggle with many of their day‐to‐day operational activities, including providing appropriate drinking water, wastewater, and garbage collection services, among other essential services, and rarely have capacity to facilitate local economic development activities. In recent times, entrepreneurialism has been noted as having potential for rural local governments, yet little research has been completed to determine its presence and relevance for municipalities in Newfoundland and Labrador. In response, we examined eight case study local governments in Newfoundland and Labrador to determine if, and how, entrepreneurialism was present in municipal efforts to increase economic prosperity in their communities. Findings suggest that while rural local governments continue to face challenges due to declining support for rural development from provincial and federal governments and increased downloading of responsibilities, some communities have established ways to remain resilient through partnerships and building on place‐based assets. This exploratory study provides a basis for further in‐depth research to determine the extent and approaches to entrepreneurialism in local government in rural Newfoundland and Labrador.

TARIM VE KIRSAL KALKINMAYI DESTEKLEME KURUMUNUN (TKDK) GERÇEKLEŞTİRDİĞİ PROJELER (2011-2022) ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME: ŞANLIURFA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ

Türkiye’de Cumhuriyetin kuruluşundan bu yana kırsal alanların kalkındırılmasına yönelik birçok uygulama hayata geçirilmiştir. Bu uygulamaları; örnek köy, toplum kalkınması, merkez köy, tarım kentleri, köykent vb. şeklinde sıralamak mümkündür. Zaman içerisinde, benzer uygulamaların hayata geçirilmesi için Türkiye’de bazı kurumlar kurulmuştur. Bunlardan birisi de Türkiye’nin 2000’li yılların ortalarına doğru Avrupa Birliği’ne uyum süreci çerçevesinde kırsal kalkınmanın gerçekleştirilmesinde doğrudan katkı sunan Tarım ve Kırsal Kalkınmayı Destekleme Kurumudur (TKDK). Kurum, Türkiye’de 2007 yılında 5648 sayılı kanun ile kurulmuş ve faaliyetlerine başlamıştır. Şanlıurfa ilinde ise 2011 yılından itibaren kırsal kalkınmaya yönelik çalışmalarını (projeleri) hayata geçirmiştir. İl genelinde 2011-2022 yılları arasında TKDK tarafından gerçekleştirilen proje sayısı 556’dır. Çalışma alanı içerisinde proje sayısının en fazla olduğu sektörün, 288 proje ile hayvancılık sektörü olduğu görülmektedir. Bunu sırasıyla; tarım (162), sanayi (85), turizm (10), gıda (8) ve hizmet (3) sektörleri takip etmektedir. Projelerin sektörel dağılımlarının ayrı ayrı işlendiği bu çalışmanın amacı, Şanlıurfa ilinde TKDK’nin hayata geçirdiği projelerin mekânsal dağılışlarının belirlenmesinin yanında, bu projelerin kırsal kalkınmaya etkileri irdelenmiştir.

AB KIRSAL KALKINMA PROGRAMININ TÜRKİYE UYGULAMASI: MALATYA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ

Purpose: The Rural Development Component of the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPARD) program, which was first implemented by the EU between 2007 and 2013, has been implemented in Turkiye since 2011. In the study, it is aimed to investigate whether the implementation of the EU Rural Development Policy in Turkiye is successful or not.Methodology: The evaluation is made based on the data obtained from previous research, the data of the Agriculture and Rural Development Support Institution (ARDSI) and Malatya Provincial Coordinatorship, and the data obtained from a survey conducted with beneficiaries in Malatya. Pearson Correlation analysis and One-Way ANOVA analysis were performed on the data obtained through the questionnaire. According to the results of the analysis, evaluations were made on the results of the IPARD program in Turkiye.Findings: In the study, the Turkish implementation of the IPARD program was generally successful, a large number of enterprises producing in EU standards were brought to the province of Malatya, a culture of preparing investment projects was created, experience was gained in making feasibility studies and financial analysis on the sustainability of agricultural enterprises, and it contributed directly or indirectly to employment increase.Originality: There are very few studies in the literature on the success of the IPARD program in Turkiye. In these studies, no data was collected directly from the beneficiaries by the questionnaire method and there is no previous study on the case of Malatya province.

Geotourism and geoethics as support for rural development in the Knjaževac municipality, Serbia

Abstract The main goal of this study is to emphasise the geotourism potential and the values of geoethics as drivers of rural development in the territory of the Knjaževac municipality, which is one of the richest areas in Serbia in terms of geoheritage. Numerous objects of geomorphological and hydrological heritage stand out in an area of 1,202 km2. Despite this richness in geoheritage, the potential of geotourism development has been ignored by many stakeholders, and the geoheritage of this area has not been sufficiently explored and proposed for tourism purposes. This study makes an inventory of geosites in the municipality of Knjaževac. The selected sites were evaluated by applying the Modified Geosite Assessment Model to discover the most suitable geosites for future geotourism development, in order to select the geosite that possesses the greatest geotourism potential to support rural development. The results uncover information about the major areas of improvement for each evaluated geosite. Moreover, areas that demand more attention and better management in the upcoming period to become recognisable geotourism destinations were identified. It is pointed out that geoethical implications in geosite management can contribute to sustainable geoconservation in Eastern Serbia.

Dynamic Simulation and Comprehensive Quantitative Evaluation of Rural Tourism Core Competitiveness Based on Neural Network

Rural tourism is the purpose of vacation tourism, which is an important support for rural economic development. Neural network algorithms are the second way to simulate human thinking. The purpose of this paper is to obtain benefits and diversify risks through dynamic simulation analysis and comprehensive quantitative analysis based on the neural network algorithm, so as to improve the core competitiveness of rural tourism. This paper first designs the neural network algorithm model, then analyzes the dynamic simulation model and comprehensive quantitative analysis, and then uses the artificial neural network algorithm to analyze and predict the core competitiveness of rural tourism. The results confirm the effectiveness of the algorithm. Under the demand forecast of the core competitiveness of rural tourism, using the artificial neural network algorithm, taking city A as an example, the number of tourists in rural tourism in city A from 2017 to 2021 was analyzed. The year with the largest number of people is 2021, with 2,586,000 people, and the year with the largest growth rate is 2019, with 2,576,900 people, a growth rate of 24.16%. Comparing the experimental data of each group, the results show that the algorithm has high efficiency in solving problems and also confirms the scientific validity of the algorithm.

The Supports Gıven By Agrıculture And Rural Development Support Instıtutıon (ARDSI ) And The Impact Of These Supports On Rural Development: Example Of The Provınce Muş

Kırsal kalkınma, hem ülkelerin tarımsal kaynaklarının üretimi ve arz talep dengesi hem de nüfusun kır-kent içerisindeki dağılımı üzerinde etkilidir. Kırsal kalkınmayı gerçekleştiren ülkelerde, üretim ile arz talep nispeten dengelidir ve kır-kent arasındaki nüfus dengesi nispeten sağlanır. Kırsal kalkınmayı gerçekleştiremeyen ülkelerde ise hem tarımsal üretimde yetersizlikler ortaya çıkmakta hem de arz talep dengesi sağlanamamaktadır. Bu ülkeler, dengeyi ithalatla sağlamaya çalışmakta ve bu durum ekonomileri üzerindeki ithalat baskısını arttırmaktadır. Kırsal kalkınmayı gerçekleştiremeyen ülkelerde kırdan kente sürekli göç yaşanmaktadır. Bu durum kentlerde nüfus baskısı oluştururken, kırsalda ise üretimde aksamalar ve demografik yatırımlardan yararlanma oranını düşürmektedir.
 Kırsal kalkınmayı gerçekleştirmek için önemli kaynak, büyük projeler, uzun soluklu ve kararlı çalışmalar gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla ulusal ve uluslararası farklı kurumlar görev üstlenmektedir. Kuşkusuz ilgili kurumlar arasında kırsal kalkınmada en kapsamlı ve etkili faaliyet yürüten kurum Kırsal Kalkınmayı Destekleme Kurumudur. Kurum hem Avrupa Birliğinden gelen hem de ulusal fonlardan kaynak alarak faaliyetlerini yürütmektedir. Kurum farklı sektörlerde destek yelpazesini genişletse de zaman zaman kaynak sıkıntısı çekmektedir. 
 Muş ili kırsal potansiyelin yüksek olduğu ve Kırsal Kalkınmayı Destekleme Kurumunun faaliyet yürüttüğü iller arasında yer almaktadır. Ancak kurumun henüz yeni olması (kuruluş itibariyle) kaynaklarının yetersizliği, yapılan yatırımların yeterince yaygınlaştırılamaması, proje kullandırmada, denetiminde Avrupa standartlarının henüz sağlanamaması ve bozulan çiftçilik imajı ile büyük şehirlerdeki çekicilikler nedeniyle yaşanan göç bu durumu daha da zorlaştırmaktadır.