Self-learning Support Research Articles

Reliability of the M-Classy-Art Module Fashion Illustration Website Based Self-Learning Support Sisem National Dual Training (NDTS) Apprenticeship

Reliability of the M-Classy-Art Module Fashion Illustration Website Based Self-Learning Support Sisem National Dual Training (NDTS) Apprenticeship

漢字の書字学習に困難を示す生徒を対象としたICT活用による自己学習支援システムの開発に関する試行的研究

漢字の書字学習に困難を示す生徒を対象としたICT活用による自己学習支援システムの開発に関する試行的研究

Local recovery of cardiac calcium-induced calcium release interrogated by ultra-effective, two-photon uncaging of calcium.

Key points In cardiac myocytes, subcellular local calcium release signals, calcium sparks, are recruited to form each cellular calcium transient and activate the contractile machinery.Abnormal timing of recovery of sparks after their termination may contribute to arrhythmias.We developed a method to interrogate recovery of calcium spark trigger probabilities and their amplitude over time using two‐photon photolysis of a new ultra‐effective caged calcium compound.The findings confirm the utility of the technique to define an elevated sensitivity of the calcium release mechanism in situ and to follow hastened recovery of spark trigger probabilities in a mouse model of an inherited cardiac arrhythmia, which was used for validation.Analogous methods are likely to be applicable to investigate other microscopic subcellular signalling systems in a variety of cell types. In cardiac myocytes Ca2+‐induced Ca2+ release (CICR) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through ryanodine receptors (RyRs) governs activation of contraction. Ca2+ release occurs via subcellular Ca2+ signalling events, Ca2+ sparks. Local recovery of Ca2+ release depends on both SR refilling and restoration of Ca2+ sensitivity of the RyRs. We used two‐photon (2P) photolysis of the ultra‐effective caged Ca2+ compound BIST‐2EGTA and laser‐scanning confocal Ca2+ imaging to probe refractoriness of local Ca2+ release in control conditions and in the presence of cAMP or low‐dose caffeine (to stimulate CICR) or cyclopiazonic acid (CPA; to slow SR refilling). Permeabilized cardiomyocytes were loaded with BIST‐2EGTA and rhod‐2. Pairs of short 2P photolytic pulses (1 ms, 810 nm) were applied with different intervals to test Ca2+ release amplitude recovery and trigger probability for the second spark in a pair. Photolytic and biological events were distinguished by classification with a self‐learning support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. In permeabilized myocytes data recorded in the presence of CPA showed a lower probability of triggering a second spark compared to control or cAMP conditions. Cardiomyocytes from a mouse model harbouring the arrhythmogenic RyRR420Q mutation were used for further validation and revealed a higher Ca2+ sensitivity of CICR. This new 2P approach provides composite information of Ca2+ release amplitude and trigger probability recovery reflecting both SR refilling and restoration of CICR and RyR Ca2+ sensitivity. It can be used to measure the kinetics of local CICR recovery, alterations of which may be related to premature heart beats and arrhythmias.

Abstract IA22: Tumor-educated platelets for the detection of cancer

Abstract Blood-based “liquid biopsies” provide a means for minimally invasive molecular diagnostics, overcoming limitations of tissue acquisition. Early detection of cancer, clinical cancer diagnostics, and companion diagnostics are regarded as important applications of liquid biopsies. It has been reported that tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) may enable blood-based cancer diagnostics. Platelets have emerged as central players in the systemic and local responses to tumor growth. Confrontation of platelets with tumor cells via transfer of tumor-associated biomolecules (“education”) is an emerging concept and can result in the sequestration of biomolecules. Moreover, external stimuli induce specific splicing of pre-mRNAs in circulating platelets. Platelets are considered to undergo queue-specific splice events in response to signals released by cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment, such as stromal and immune cells. The combination of specific splice events in response to external signals and the capacity of platelets to directly ingest (spliced) circulating mRNA can provide TEPs with a highly dynamic mRNA repertoire, with potential applicability to cancer diagnostics. We determined the diagnostic potential of TEPs by mRNA sequencing of platelet samples. Blood platelet samples of >1,000 patients with cancer covering multiple tumor types and healthy donors were analyzed. Healthy donors and early- and late-stage cancer patients were distinguished by a self-learning support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, using a set of spliced platelet transcripts with moderate to high expression. These results suggest that blood platelets may advance blood-based “liquid biopsies,” including for the detection of stage I-II tumors. Citation Format: Thomas Wurdinger. Tumor-educated platelets for the detection of cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Liquid Biopsies; Jan 13-16, 2020; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(11_Suppl):Abstract nr IA22.

Perancangan Intelligent Tutoring System Menggunakan Chatbot pada Mata Pelatihan Barang Dalam Keadaan Terbungkus

ASN mempunyai kewajiban pengembangan kompetensi selama minimal 20 JP/tahun. Akan tetapi tidak semua ASN dapat mengikuti pelatihan sebagai bentuk pengembangan kompetensi dikarenakan terbatasnya kuota/jumlah pelatihan tatap muka (klasikal) yang tersedia. Regulasi terbaru memberikan alternatif pembelajaran non klasikal yang tidak harus bertatap muka antara lain e-learning, distance learning dan belajar mandiri. Belajar mandiri dapat digunakan siswa untuk meningkatkan kompetensinya menggunakan berbagai sumber belajar yang tersedia baik konvensional dan berbasis pada teknologi informasi. Dalam paper ini akan dibahas salah satu tools pendukung belajar mandiri berupa perancangan intelligent tutoring system menggunakan chatbot pada mata pelatihan barang dalam keadaan terbungkus (BDKT). Perancangan menggunakan framework Design Science Research, mulai dari penetapan tujuan, perancangan desain alur percakapan chatbot, pengembangan aplikasi menggunakan chatfuel, demonstrasi melalui simulasi via Facebook Messenger dan Evaluasi Blackbox. Prototype yang dihasilkan telah dapat mengikuti alur percakapan yang dirancang dan dapat digunakan sebagai pendukung belajar mandiri kapan saja dan dimana saja (domain pelajari materi dan evaluasi) asalkan terkoneksi dengan internet.

Optimizing the prediction accuracy of load-settlement behavior of single pile using a self-learning data mining approach

Pile foundations usually are used when the upper soil layers are soft clay and, hence, unable to support the structures’ loads. Piles are needed to carry these loads deep into the hard soil layer. Therefore, the safety and stability of pile-supported structures depends on the behavior of the piles. Additionally, an accurate prediction of the piles’ behavior is very important to ensure satisfactory performance of the structures. Although many methods in the literature estimate the settlement of the piles both theoretically and experimentally, methods for comprehensively predicting the load-settlement of piles are very limited. This study develops a new data mining approach called self-learning support vector machine (SL-SVM) to predict the load-settlement behavior of single piles. SL-SVM performance is investigated using 446 training data points and 53 test data points of cone penetration test (CPT) data obtained from the previous literature. The actual prediction accuracy is then compared to other prediction methods using three statistical measurements, including mean absolute error (MAE), coefficient of correlation (R), and root mean square error (RMSE). The obtained results show that SL-SVM achieves better accuracy than does LS-SVM and BPNN. This confirms the capability of the proposed data mining method to model the accurate load-settlement behavior of single piles through CPT data. The paper proposes beneficial insights for geotechnical engineers involved in estimating pile behavior.

Self-Learning Support System about Learning Patent Act Based on the Problem-Solving Process Model Using Logical Structure of Legal Texts

Self-Learning Support System about Learning Patent Act Based on the Problem-Solving Process Model Using Logical Structure of Legal Texts

Relevé: An at-home ballet self-learning interactive system

<p>Benefits from the recent technology advancement, such as physical computing and social media, it has become a global industry trend to provide intelligent exercise and self-learning support in an ‘at-home’ environment. However, it is still a design challenge to ensure the safety of users while enhancing their experiences when developing specific ‘at-home’ self-training programs which require high-level techniques, such as ballet dancing. This paper introduces Relevé - an interactive self-learning system for ballet with emphasis on various safety issues. Based on the professional knowledge of ballet dancing posture and kinematic movement research, Relevé intends to answer the needs of ballet dancing home-based self-teaching activities through online courses. The design has been based mainly on the methodologies of tangible interaction design. </p>

Abstract LB-124: Tumor-educated platelets allow for multiclass liquid biopsy-based diagnosis of cancer

Abstract Background: Cancer diagnosis is frequently hampered by limited access to adequate tissue of the primary tumor or of metastatic lesions. To overcome such limitations, the use of blood-based liquid biopsies has been suggested. Blood represents a biosource of tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) that sequester biomolecules during tumor growth, thereby altering the platelet mRNA profile. Methods: Blood platelet samples of 175 patients with cancer covering five tumor types (40 non-small cell lung cancer, 39 glioblastoma, 37 colorectal cancer, 35 pancreatic cancer, and 24 breast cancer) and of 52 healthy donors were isolated from whole blood by differential centrifugation. Total RNA was isolated, subjected to SMARTer mRNA amplification and submitted for whole transcriptome mRNA sequencing on the Illumina platform. Healthy donors, pan-cancer, and individual cancer classes were distinguished by a self-learning support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, using transcripts with moderate to high expression. Results: The 227 blood platelet samples were successfully sequenced and demonstrated a good intersample correlation of the detected mRNAs. Based on mRNA profiles, all tumor samples were clearly distinguished from healthy individuals: the pan-cancer SVM-supported classification test reached a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 92% to distinguish cancer patients from healthy controls. Also, all patients without overt metastases were correctly predicted as cancer patients. Moreover, a multiclass cancer diagnostics TEP-test, to distinguish multiple tumor subclasses and healthy controls provided an overall accuracy of 70%, far exceeding random classification. In addition, we distinguished HER2-positive, and mutant KRAS and EGFR tumors from their wild-type counterparts. Also, patients with metastatic tumors in lung, brain, and liver were accurately diagnosed according to the tumor in the tissue of origin. Conclusion: Molecular interrogation of TEP-based liquid biopsies may leverage cancer diagnostics. TEPs provide a circulating biosource for pan-cancer, multiclass, and molecular cancer classification. Of interest, this tool might also allow for blood-based highly sensitive early-stage cancer screening. Citation Format: Myron Best, Nik Sol, Irsan Kooi, Jonas Nilsson, Bart Westerman, Bauke Ylstra, Josephine Dorsman, Egbert Smit, Henk Verheul, Jaap Reijneveld, Bakhos Tannous, Pieter Wesseling, Thomas Würdinger. Tumor-educated platelets allow for multiclass liquid biopsy-based diagnosis of cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-124. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-LB-124

The Evolution of Motivation for Teaching Career during the Initial Training

In this article we put in evidence that motivation plays an important part in choosing and building one's career (including teaching career). It also represents a mechanism of self determination in choosing and orienting one's career, a factor of energy directing and support for self learning and self formation, the internal reason for teaching career.The initial training for a career in teaching starts when college freshmen opt for teaching courses. This choice is made after the student has decided to continue his personal development by going to a university and studying a certain field. This decision has been taken after a lot of factors have been taken into account: external and internal, psychological and sociocultural, training level, born talent, acquired competences, the image about one's self, aspirations, scientific interests, personal experiences, career choices and society's value system. Use can also add the advice given by family members and teachers. Because career is “a system of occupations and job positions which a person has during his active part in life” (M. Zlate, 2004) its constructions is a complex process which has subtleties, reorientations and even changes.

Analysis of asymmetric driving behavior using a self-learning approach

This paper presents a self-learning Support Vector Regression (SVR) approach to investigate the asymmetric characteristic in car-following and its impacts on traffic flow evolution. At the microscopic level, we find that the intensity difference between acceleration and deceleration will lead to a ‘neutral line’, which separates the speed-space diagram into acceleration and deceleration dominant areas. This property is then used to discuss the characteristics and magnitudes of microscopic hysteresis in stop-and-go traffic. At the macroscopic level, according to the distribution of neutral lines for heterogeneous drivers, different congestion propagation patterns are reproduced and found to be consistent with Newell’s car following theory. The connection between the asymmetric driving behavior and macroscopic hysteresis in the flow-density diagram is also analyzed and their magnitudes are shown to be positively related.

Expert PC Troubleshooter with Fuzzy-Logic and Self-Learning Support

Expert systems use human knowledge often stored as rules within the computer to solve problems that generally would entail human intelligence. Today, with information systems turning out to be more pervasive and with the myriad advances in information technologies, automating computer fault diagnosis is becoming so fundamental that soon every enterprise has to endorse it. This paper proposes an expert system called Expert PC Troubleshooter for diagnosing computer problems. The system is composed of a user interface, a rule-base, an inference engine, and an expert interface. Additionally, the system features a fuzzy-logic module to troubleshoot POST beep errors, and an intelligent agent that assists in the knowledge acquisition process. The proposed system is meant to automate the maintenance, repair, and operations (MRO) process, and free-up human technicians from manually performing routine, laborious, and timeconsuming maintenance tasks. As future work, the proposed system is to be parallelized so as to boost its performance and speed-up its various operations.

Self-learning support through access to related information on distributed VOD

Self-learning using the internet can enable a user to acquire not only knowledge of the purpose of investigation, but also related information discovered in the investigation. However, existing Video On Demand (VOD) systems do not possess a function to effectively combine videos with texts, pictures and videos and provide them, nor can the related knowledge be acquired. Therefore, the purpose of this research is building a system that extracts information related to them and combines videos with them on distributed VOD. We clearly describe the relationships between video and related information through XML/RDF and sharing and combining of them.

Students ’ perceptions of science classes in the Philippines

This study used a modified version of the Perception of Science Classes Survey (Kardash & Wallace, 2001) to survey 7,885 grade school and high school students in different provinces in the Philippines regarding their perceptions of their science classes. Factor analysis revealed five dimensions of the students ’ perceptions that relate to different aspects of the teacher ’s pedagogy and the learning environment created by the teachers: (a) Learner-Centered Pedagogy, (b) Science Inquiry Activities, (c) Positive Affect and Attitudes, (d) Grades as Feedback, and (e) Support for Self-Learning and Effort. Factor scores were compared across grade levels and genders. The results indicate a decrease in science inquiry activities and the use of grades as feedback in the higher grades, but an increase in support for self-learning and effort, and also positive affects and attitudes. These trends were discussed in relation to possible problems related to teacher practices that may contribute to low student achievement levels in science.

Internet et enseignement : une expérience d'auto-apprentissage en hydraulique à surface libre

An experimentation of the Internet use for teaching purpose is presented. The object is the development of a self-learning support, based on an interactive course, on open-channel hydraulics. A specific pedagogical approach has been adopted, dealing with the feeling of insecurity faced by an isolated student. Results of a first evaluation phase are reported. Those results show that, while the Internet offers new possibilities of knowledge dissemination, numerous technical and pedagogical skills are still required from the teachers who develop such tools.

An Internet Role for the Academic Librarian?

ABSTRACTThe academic librarian is a key stakeholder in the development of Internet technologies. The profession is well positioned to promote and exploit the benefits of information networks. In recent years, this has generally meant that academic librarians have assumed the role of campus Internet trainer or instructor. The logic behind this is compelling. The role of Internet trainer will enhance the profile of the profession because it will help academics to become better users of the Internet, and therefore better able to achieve the benefits of improved access to networked information resources and services.Is this the case? This article reports on a pilot study that, amongst other things, examined the relationship between training and satisfaction with information seeking on the Internet. The outcomes suggest that academic librarians might consider shifting their emphasis from Internet training to network-based support for self-learning. The methodology of magnitude estimation, employed in this pilo...