Support Food Security Research Articles

EVALUATION OF LAND SUITABILITY FOR ANIMAL FEEDING IN THE BOBANE IGO AREA, SOUTH JAILOLO DISTRICT, WEST HALMAHERA DISTRICT

Feed This research aims to evaluate the suitability of land for animal feed in the Bobane Igo area, South Jailolo District, West Halmahera Regency with an area of 1684.7 ha. The types of plants studied were lamtoro, calliandra, legumes, and turi. The methods used are field surveys, soil data analysis and research data analysis with matching method. The total area of the Bobane Igo area is 1684.7, indicating that the Bobane Igo area has high potential for developing ruminant animal feed. A total of 1023.4 ha (61%) for calliandra, 1154.2 ha (68%) for legumes. It is hoped that the development of animal feed crops in the Bobane Igo area can support food security and increase the income of breeders in the area.

FOOD AVAILABILITY AND STATE SUPPORT FOR FOOD SECURITY DURING WAR

FOOD AVAILABILITY AND STATE SUPPORT FOR FOOD SECURITY DURING WAR

EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM PEKARANGAN PANGAN LESTARI (P2L) DALAM MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN PANGAN DI KELURAHAN ANAWAI KECAMATAN WUA-WUA KOTA KENDARI

This study examines the effectiveness of the Sustainable Food Yard (P2L) program in supporting household food security in Anawai Village, Kendari City. Qualitative research using a case study approach was conducted, with the Green Farmer Women's Group in Anawai Village, Kendari City as the research subject. Data were collected through observation and interviews using research instruments in the form of interview guides. The data analysis technique used consists of three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The P2L program supports food security in KWT Hijau in Anawai Village, Kendari City. The program provides financial assistance through two stages: the growth stage and the development stage. The aim is to create food independence at the household scale for the beneficiaries of the P2L program. The P2L Program has generally been effective in supporting food security by fulfilling the right target criteria, ensuring understanding of the program, and achieving its goals. However, the actual changes before and after the program have not been optimal. The Green Farmer Women's Group and the surrounding community have not directly felt an increase in income, despite the fulfillment of the need for producing and providing nutritious food.

Feasibility Analysis of Sorgum Farming in Patihan Village, Babat District, Lamongan District, East Java Province

Indonesia's current food position still depends on rice. This is related to the level of food security. To support food security, this can be done by promoting the cultivation of sorghum. Sorghum can be a rice substitute product. Sorghum has long been cultivated in Indonesia, and there are several areas where it is planted, namely Patihan Village, Tripe District, Lamongan Regency. In 2016-2017, there was an increase in sorghum productivity in Patihan Village by 7 tonnes/ha. But in 2018-2020 there was a decrease in sorghum productivity which reached 0 tons/ha. The decline in sorghum productivity can affect farmers' income. The decline in the level of productivity of sorghum is inseparable from the existence of problems. The purpose of this research is to analyze the feasibility of sorghum farming in Patihan Village, Tripe District, Lamongan Regency, and to analyze the problems in sorghum farming. The analytical method used is the R/C Ratio and qualitative descriptive. The results showed that the R/C Ratio value was 0.26, meaning that sorghum farming in Patihan Village, Babat District, Lamongan Regency in 2021 is not feasible. The problem faced by sorghum farmers in sorghum farming is the existence of rat pests that cannot be controlled, resulting in crop failure and losses

Realizing Low-carbon and Climate-resilient Development on Aquaculture

Aquaculture production supports food security, and it is an important commodity for Indonesia's exports. Climate change determines the sustainability of aquaculture production. Low-carbon development is an effort to control the impact of climate change from a mitigation standpoint, while climate-resilience development is an adaptation. In order to realize sustainable aquaculture in a broad and long dimension and in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is necessary to develop a low-carbon and climate-resilience development strategy. A descriptive analysis was carried out on a review of published literature to develop the concept of low-carbon and climate-resilience development in aquaculture. The keywords used in the literature search are the impact of climate change on aquaculture, low-carbon development, climate-resilience development, and achievement of the SDGs in aquaculture. The research that has been published mostly discusses the potential Green House Gas emissions (GHG) from aquaculture activities, is still very limited and explains efforts to mitigate and adapt aquaculture to climate change. Efficiency and use of alternative energy sources, increased productivity, feed efficiency and effectiveness, effluent management, disease control and water quality management, and superior seeds can be applied in low-carbon emission development. Meanwhile, climate-resilience development that can be implemented includes the implementation of Integrated Multi-Tropical Aquaculture (IMTA) and Regional Integrated Multi-Tropical Aquaculture (RIMTA), closed systems, and Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS), as well as ponds that integrate mangroves.

High-Technology Agriculture System to Enhance Food Security: A Concept of Smart Irrigation System Using Internet of Things and Cloud Computing

CONTEXT: Food security is highly reliant on agricultural activity to drive the world economy. However, this activity is in great danger due to climatic changes and improper use of irrigation techniques. Consequently, the lives of numerous individuals worldwide are in jeopardy. In light, this paper investigates the promise of smart irrigation systems based on new technology. OBJECTIVE: To meet the growing demand for water in agriculture, this study presents an intelligent irrigation system that uses cutting-edge technologies of 1) cloud computing, 2) embedded systems, and 3) Internet-of-Things (IoT). The main objective is to demonstrate how this innovative strategy can effectively manage water resources, supporting food security through cutting-edge agricultural technology. METHODS: This paper proposes a smart irrigation system based on cutting-edge technologies like the embedded system, Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing as a groundbreaking strategy to improve food security through the implementation of advanced agricultural technology. This system supervises real-time monitoring of crucial environmental factors such as 1) moisture, 2) humidity, 3) temperature, and 4) water levels, in smart agriculture practices. In addition, this system employs the latest sensors, including the module (DHT22), water level sensor, and moisture sensors, which are connected to the widely used embedded system (ESP32). The system uses the ThingSpeak cloud and ThingView app to enable wireless communication between the device and the farm owner, enhancing their interaction. The automated control of the two water pumps is based on the readings of various environmental factors. Moreover, this will also present a mathematical-driven function known as linear interpolation to calibrate the water level sensor in percentage. This system was created using the V-model software development approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Farmers can access comprehensive farm data from anywhere in the world as the sensor data is transmitted in real-time to both the ThingSpeak cloud and the ThingView. This capability allows for more precise crop irrigation and increased production. The study's findings demonstrate a striking 70% reduction in water consumption for soil irrigation when utilizing the proposed smart irrigation system. This paper underscores the significant promise of smart irrigation systems, driven by IoT, embedded systems, and cloud computing, to conserve water resources and advance food security. SIGNIFICANCE: This article proposes an innovative solution that reduces soil irrigation water consumption by 70% compared to traditional methods. It explores how smart irrigation can improve the sustainability of agriculture and positively influence food security.

The process of making green melinjo fruit peel extract powder drink with the addition of egg white and palm sugar as material from Indonesia local resources

An instant powder drink made from green melinjo fruit peel extract with egg white and palm sugar is expected to become diversify food also beneficial for health. Palm sugar contains secondary metabolite compounds which function as antioxidants for powder drinks and sustainability of food for supporting food security. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of egg white and palm sugar on the characteristics of green melinjo fruit peel extract powder drink. This study used a CRD (Completely Randomized Design) factorial method with 2 factors, such as egg white percentage of 25%, 30% and 35%, and palm sugar percentage of 5%, 10% and 15%. The results showed that the addition of egg white had a highly significant (P <0.01) effect on antioxidant activity, dissolving rate, and total flavonoids. The addition of palm sugar had a highly significant (P <0.01) effect on antioxidant activity, dissolving rates, and total flavonoids. The result showed that the best treatment was M3S3 (35% egg white and 15% palm sugar), which gave the hinger total flavonoid content (12.9133 mg EQ/g) and higher dissolving rate (54.6667 g/second).

Monitoring Insect Diversity with a Variety of Traps in Rice Plantations Supports Food Security

Monitoring Insect Diversity with a Variety of Traps in Rice Plantations Supports Food Security

Food insecurity and water management shocks in Saudi Arabia: Bayesian VAR analysis.

The existing conditions of domestic agricultural production and the resulting products will not be able to fruitfully address the increasing food demand due to the limited fertile land and water resources in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the escalating threat of a hotter climate, the deterioration in precipitation, and harsh droughts in Saudi Arabia have reduced the predictability of water management efficiency and resulted in the exhaustion of water bodies and serious degradation of ecosystems that have directly affected agricultural systems and indirectly, food security. This study also aims to assess the impact of water efficiency on food insecurity in Saudi Arabia. The study applied the Bayesian Vector Autoregressive (BVAR) model for the reference period for the data extended from 2000-2020. Likewise, we used both impulse response functions (IRFs) and forecasting variance error decomposition (FVED) through 1000 Monte Carlo simulations according to the BVAR model to examine both the response of food insecurity to the shocks on water management efficiency used for various purposes and the decomposition of error variance in food insecurity. The results show that food insecurity was not observed throughout this study. The results of the BVAR analysis indicate that in the short run, the coefficients of water use efficiency are significant based on the Food Insecurity Multidimensional Index (FIMI). Also, the BVAR model provides a better forecast with an interdependence on water use efficiency for agricultural purposes and FIMI. Moreover, the results obtained from IRFs have shown a significant effect of water efficiency on FIMI. Water use efficiency for agriculture and industrial purposes reduces food insecurity while increasing water for services use increases food insecurity. Water use efficiency is the key factor affecting food insecurity in the short run. The results reveal that the water use efficiency shocks will decrease food insecurity. The shocks experienced by food insecurity can be predicted as self-shock over a span of ten years. Emphasis is given to the task of water management that may support food security in Saudi Arabia through implementing and enhancing the water use efficiency as an integral part of achieving the SDGs in Saudi Arabia.

Praktik Kerjasama Pertanian Sawah Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam Di Desa Mekarjaya Kecamatan Gantar Kabupaten Indramayu

Most of the Indramayu area is rice fields. The agricultural land cultivation system uses a paroan system (profit sharing system). The cooperation agreements usually made by the community are verbal, not in writing, this has become the community's habit. The aim of the research is to determine the practice of rice farming cooperation in Gantar Village, Gantar District, Indramayu Regency and to examine whether the practice of agricultural cooperation is appropriate according to Islamic law. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this research are observation, interviews and documentation. Data was processed and analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. The results of the research state that the practice of rice farming cooperation in Gantar Village, Gantar District, Indramayu Regency uses a profit sharing system. Farmers are required to become members of the Association of Farmers Supporting Food Security (P3KPI), their agreement is executed in writing, all capital is from the rice field owner, the harvest is divided in half after capital is deducted and the harvest is purchased by the rice field owner. According to Islamic law, the practice of agricultural cooperation with a profit sharing system in Mekarjaya Village, Gantar Subdistrict, Indramayu Regency is permitted, because the agreement has fulfilled the pillars and legal requirements of muzara'ah.

Land, landowners, and the delivery of affordable homes on rural exception sites in England

Land is a major part of the total cost of residential development, particularly in advanced economies where significant proportions of economic value resolve to land and where land for development is rationed through planning systems that seek to corral extractable value into specific locations, in support of the infrastructure investment needed to unlock development opportunity. In England, strong markets assign a high value for land allocated for housing in local plans, relative to unallocated land. In England’s rural areas, constraints on land development – for reasons of landscape and amenity protection, or to support food security – contribute to significant affordability challenges for households on lower rural wages, who may be out-competed in the housing market by adventitious purchasers, or simply by more affluent buyers bidding for a limited supply of rural homes. Planned development (on sites allocated in a local plan) may not meet the needs of lower-income groups in constrained rural housing markets. For that reason, it is necessary to support housing affordability by granting exceptional permission for development on unallocated land, and then negotiating land sales at a price that will allow a non-profit housing provider (a ‘registered provider of social housing’) to build affordable rented homes for local households in need. Development on ‘rural exception sites’ (RES) has a thirty-year history. It is an important means of supporting the development of affordable homes in smaller villages (market-led schemes on allocated sites are the norm in larger settlements, with affordable homes procured through agreement with for-profit developers). The RES approach lays bare the impact of land cost on housing affordability. Only if a sufficiently low price for land, which is well below ‘full residential’ value, can be agreed will it be viable to develop affordable homes, with rents matching local wages. Where such a price is agreed, it may be possible to build homes without cash subsidy. If the price rises, affordability may be threatened, unless public grant support is more generous or market homes on the RES can be used to mitigate a higher land cost by providing cross-subsidy for affordable homes. This monograph details research exploring the recent granting of exceptional planning permissions in England, the critical relationship with landowners, and how those landowners may be incentivized to sell land at a price that supports affordability. It analyses extant threats to the approach, and therefore the risk that a key mechanism for delivering affordable homes may be undermined by a market logic that continuously questions the efficacy of ‘non-market’ and ‘non-profit’ housing solutions in England.

Interactive transition of cultivated land and construction land during china's urbanization: A coordinated analytical framework of explicit and implicit forms

Despite the recognized significance of coordinated land use transitions (LUTs) between cultivated land (CL) and construction land (COL) in supporting food security and facilitating sustainable urban growth, the complexities of such transitions in the face of rapid urbanization remain largely untapped. Current literature inadequately illuminates the procedures and principles dictating these intricate transitions, leaving a substantial void in our comprehension. Addressing these research gaps, our study employs models like the linkage index and the coupled coordination degree. We leverage data regarding the CL and COL areas in China spanning from 2000 to 2020, aiming to shed light on the processes and general patterns guiding CL and COL transitions amid urbanization. We present a novel perspective that emphasizes the linkage of single and dual land types in their explicit forms and the coordination of their implicit forms. Through the analysis of empirical data from China, we observe a gradual reduction in CL size coupled with its quality improvement. This shift parallels the intensification of COL and a slowdown in COL size growth, progressing towards an optimal transition over the observation period, despite regional variations in performance. The relationship between the explicit forms of CL and COL is characterized largely by stable transition, while the coordination relationship between their implicit forms exhibits a moderate transition, influenced by differences in urbanization. Our study highlights key strategies for achieving a mutually beneficial transition from discordant to harmonious relationships between CL and COL. These include fine-tuning the spatial trade-offs of the explicit forms and decoupling the interests of the implicit forms. Our research not only adds depth and complexity to traditional LUT theory, but also offers critical insights to guide policy formulation, with the ultimate aim of bolstering food security and promoting sustainable urbanization through favorable LUTs.

The utilization of brackish water-induced land through a rice-tiger shrimp coculture system

The brackish water-induced lands are abandoned by their owners because the land is unproductive. These lands are adjacent to the pond. This study aims to evaluate the brackish water-induced land through the rice-tiger shrimp coculture system. The land was reconstructed using excavators into 70 % rice fields and 30 % caren for shrimp cultivation. On this land, cultivation was carried out with Irrigated Inbred Rice (Inpari 34) and tiger shrimp (P) and Inpari 35 and tiger shrimp (T). Each treatment is two replicates. Salt-tolerant rice seeds used are varieties of Inpari 34 and Inpari 35 planted on rice fields after seedbeds for 25 days. Post larvae (PL) of tiger shrimp were adapted to a salinity of 7 ppt for 30 days, to be stocked at a density of 4 ind/m2. The growth of rice and tiger shrimp growth and water quality were monitored at a 14-day interval. Production of rice and tiger shrimp was counted at the end of the study. The results showed that salt-tolerant rice varieties Inpari 34 grew from 40 to 108 cm in height and Inpari 35 grew from 43 to 126 cm with production reach 5.060 ± 64.28 and 4.324 ± 19.09 t/ha, respectively, during 105 days of culture period. The survival rate and body weight of tiger shrimp are 20.19 ± 0.43 % and 11.56 ± 2.36 g for Inpari 34 and 20.83 ± 31.26 % and 12.40 ± 2.42 g for Inpari 35 for 65 days culture period, with production estimated 0.176 ± 0.054 (P) and 0.134 ± 0.010 t/ha (T). Inpari 34 and Inpari 35 rice varieties can be cocultured with tiger shrimp on the brackish water-induced land. Rice-tiger shrimp coculture system can be an alternative technology to restore land function that is intrusive by brackish water-induced land and support food security.

The Leaching Process of Acid Sulphate Soil by One-and Two-Way Flow Systems in the Katingan Swamp Irrigation Area

The Katingan Swamp Irrigation Area, established in 1980, has an important role in supporting food security in Indonesia. It needs to be reclaimed to increase agricultural production, especially for leaching acid sulphate soil. The swamp irrigation area was expanded and rehabilitated so that the two-way flow became a one-way flow system to support the leaching process. This study aims to assess the discharge and water quality alterations in the Katingan main channel after the change of flow system. The aim is achieved by comparing the outcomes obtained from one-way and two-way flow simulations. The simulation used a mathematical model based on water level, water quality, and land topography data collected in the field. According to the findings, the two-way system demonstrates that fresh water from the river has not been able to improve water quality (pH) at the end of the primary channel, thereby leading to extreme acidity in those regions. Meanwhile, a one-way flow facilitates efficient circulation and delivers fresh water to the farthest service regions. Effective water circulation is important to enhance water quality in agricultural areas that have recently expanded. The current study focuses on mid-irrigation. Future research may cover the entire irrigation network for in-depth analysis.

Subjects of administrative law support of food security

Subjects of administrative law support of food security

Yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) as an alternative protein source in fish feed

The rapid growth of aquaculture has increased the demand for fish meal and fish oil, essential components of fish feed, leading to higher production costs due to dwindling global supplies. As the industry seeks sustainable alternatives, insects, particularly the yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), are emerging as a viable protein source. With a nutritional profile comparable to fish meal and low environmental impact, insects offer an efficient and economical solution for feed production. The European Union's approval of mealworms for both animal feed and human consumption highlights their potential to support food security and environmental sustainability amidst rising global protein demands.

Implementation of Rice Fish Farming as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative for Pest and Weed Control to Support Food Security in Talotenreng Village

Implementation of Rice Fish Farming as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative for Pest and Weed Control to Support Food Security in Talotenreng Village

Implementation of Rice Fish Farming as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative for Pest and Weed Control to Support Food Security in Talotenreng Village

Implementation of Rice Fish Farming as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative for Pest and Weed Control to Support Food Security in Talotenreng Village

Mekambare As a Former of Social Solidarity in Supporting Food Security in Sustainable Agriculture Management in East Kolaka Regency

The local community’s culture has been recognized as playing an essential role in achieving food security. This study attempts to demystify a cultural tradition among an Indonesian agriculture society, called Mekambare, that plays such a role in sustainable agricultural management. It was conducted in East Kolaka Regency, an area dominated by lowland rice farmers. Framed in a qualitative method, this study used observation, in-depth interviews, and document studies as techniques of data collection. The results showed that Mekambare played a crucial role in forming social solidarity among lowland rice farming communities. Through Mekambare, farming communities build mutual cooperation and support one another in overcoming challenges related to supplying food demands. This social solidarity is manifested in the exchange of food commodities, social support, and the dissemination of traditional knowledge in agricultural management. With Mekambare, the lowland rice farming communities maintain the balance of the agricultural ecosystem by utilizing natural predators, utilizing organic fertilizers from livestock manure, and implementing integrated weed control. This research can make a positive contribution to efforts to achieve sustainable food security and the welfare of farming communities in East Kolaka Regency.

Total Phenolic and Starch Content of Arrowroot Tuber in The Agroforestry System

Indonesia's tropical forest management faces several challenges owing to the growing demand for forest resources and increasing population. The forestry sector plays a significant role in supporting food security programs by harnessing the potential of forest resources. One solution to sustainable forest management and optimal forest land use is agroforestry techniques. Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) is tolerant to heavy shade and is a promising functional food crop that can contribute to food security programs. Starch content in arrowroot tuber plays an important role in meeting nutritional requirements and overcoming several health problems. Arrowroot tubers also contain phenolic compounds, the largest group of compounds that act as natural antioxidants in plants. This study aimed to analyze the total phenolic and starch contents of arrowroot tubers cultivated in agroforestry systems. We used a Randomized Complete Block Design with a planting pattern as treatment for the species combinations of Falcataria moluccana + arrowroot (FA), F. moluccana + arrowroot + Amomum cardamomum (FAC), and monoculture arrowroot (MA) with three blocks/replications. The arrowroot tubers were harvested from nine-month-old plants and composite samples representing each treatment were analyzed for total phenolic and starch contents. The total phenolic content in the arrowroot tubers was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Starch content was measured using the Modified Somogyi method, which involves preparing reagents, followed by hydrolysis and the reducing sugar determination methods. The results revealed that the planting pattern significantly affected starch content. The highest starch content was observed in the MA pattern of 23.99%, followed by the FAC and FA planting patterns of 22.75% and 18.44%, respectively. The planting pattern did not significantly affect phenolic content. The MA, FAC, and FA patterns yielded the highest to lowest phenolic contents of 218.02, 212.62, and 210.04 µg/g, respectively. Furthermore, the planting pattern significantly affected the total phenolic of tuber yield per plant, with the highest value of 214.48 mg yielded by MA pattern. Thus, agroforestry practices can maintain the phenolic and starch content of arrowroot tubers. The development of arrowroot in agroforestry system will be prospective not only for meeting food demand, but also for supporting forestry multi-business and social forestry programs to achieve sustainable forest management.