Dimensions Of Support Research Articles

Uncovering Youth’s Invisible Labor: Children’s Roles, Care Work, and Familial Obligations in Latino/a Immigrant Families

This paper examines Latino/a children’s roles and obligations to their immigrant families. Bridging insights from the literature on the “new sociology of childhood,” immigrant incorporation, and care work, this essay argues that children perform important—but often invisible—labor in immigrant families. Dominant ideologies depict childhood as an “innocent” time wherein young people are in need of guidance and are too underdeveloped to make meaningful contributions. However, this construction of childhood ignores the lived realities of the children of immigrants, who often serve as gatekeepers and connect their families to services and resources in their communities. This essay examines six dimensions of support that the children of immigrants provide to their families, namely, language and cultural help, financial contributions, bureaucratic assistance, emotional labor, legal support, and guidance with technology. This essay concludes with implications for scholars, students, and policymakers on the importance of recognizing this labor, along with future directions for research.

DigiFuehr 2.0: Novel insights for digital leadership.

Against the background of e-government, it is discussed whether self-organization represents an independent component of digital leadership. Addressing this research question, the instrument "DigiFuehr" is being expanded to include the aspects of self-determination and coordination. The aim is to test the model quality of three adapted scales against the already established support-focusing version. Based on an online survey of n= 422 employees at visual display unit workstations in German municipal administrations in April 2022, the original version of DigiFuehr as well as one reduced and two extended versions were validated considering their local and global model fit. All four scales show a good local fit with regard to internal consistency (Cronbach's α), discriminatory power, and dimensionality. Only the scale extended by two items also offers a sufficient global fit and is thus most suitable as a predictor for psychological stress, work satisfaction, and satisfaction with the professional exchange during homeworking. With "DigiFuehr 2.0", an improved version of the original scale is available. Self-organization is not a component independent of the support dimension, but a further important indicator of a latent digital leadership culture. Neither should come at the expense of the other.

THE EFFECT OF LEATHER TIME SUPPORT FROM WORKPLACESON JOB SATISFACTION

Introduction: In this study, it was tried to examine the effects of perceived leisure time support in the workplaces on job satisfaction and to reveal the relationship and interaction between them statistically. Purpose: It has been tried to examine the effects of the perceived leisure time support in the workplaces on job satisfaction and to reveal the relationship and interaction between them statistically. The study is a pilot study since the scales used are up-to-date. Method: For the research, a questionnaire was applied to a total of 364 (white collar) people, 125 women and 239 men, residing and working in Eskişehir in March-June 2023. In the research, the "job satisfaction scale" developed by Judge others (1998) and adapted into Turkish by Keser and Bilir in 2019, and the "perceived organizational leisure support at workplaces" developed by Lien and Cheng (2022) and adapted into Turkish in 2023 by Erkan and Koçak. scale” was used. The analysis of the obtained data was made in SPSS 26.0 program. Frequency analysis, correlation and ANOVA analyzes were performed. Significance level was taken as p<0.05. Findings: As a result of the analyzes made, it is seen that the dimensions of recreational support in the workplace are in a positive significance in almost all studies. On the other hand, there was a weak relationship, or no relationship was found in the results of the analyzes made in the dimension of job satisfaction of the employees (p>0.05). Conclusion: As a result of the research, the level of leisure support of the employees in the workplace has a significant relationship with demographic information in most dimensions. comes out. These results also show us that employees have a positive perspective on supporting recreational activities. In addition, when the job satisfaction levels of the employees are examined, it is seen that there is a positive significance only between the education levels of the employees (p>0.05).

The Correlation between the Implementation of Patient-Centered Care (PCC) and the Fulfillment of Patient Rights at Regional General Hospital of Bireuen Regency

Introduction: Patient-Centered Care is an innovative healthcare model in which planning, implementation, and evaluation combine healthcare providers, patients, and families to provide better services. This study aimed to examine the relationship between implementing Patient-Centered Care and fulfilling patient rights in hospitals.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional research design. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test and Logistic Regression. The number of samples was as many as 104 people selected by proportional sampling.Results: All dimensions of Patient-Centered Care correlated with the fulfillment of patient rights (p<0.05). In addition, the logistic regression test showed that emotional support was the dimension with the highest correlation value (p = 0.012) with an odds ratio of 7.947. This indicates that patients with the correct dimensions of emotional support are 7.947 times more likely to have their rights fulfilled than patients who do not receive emotional support.Conclusion: The results of this study conclude that to fulfill the rights of patients in hospitals, a targeted and structured implementation is needed in providing patient-centered services to improve the quality of health services. Health care workers are urged to encourage patients and their families to participate in the care process actively.

Relation of Social Support Status and Social Health in People with Drug Abuse.

The aim of this study was to investigate the status of social support in people with drug abuse and its relationship with social health in patients referring to addiction treatment centers in Isfahan. This cross-sectional study was performed in Isfahan addiction treatment centers in 2019-2020. The study population was the total number of people with drug abuse in Isfahan addiction treatment centers that 300 people with substance abuse and 300 people as control group were included. Social support and social health questionnaires were distributed among the participants. The Keez Social Health Questionnaire, designed in the United States in 2004, is about daily life and the social environment and measures social health. Another questionnaire was the social support of Sherbon and Stewart (MOS). This scale was a self-report tool that measured the amount of social support received by the subject. The results showed a positive, direct, and significant relationship between the dimensions of social support and social health in the group of patients with drug abuse (P < 0.05). Comparison of social support and its dimensions in the two control and affected groups showed that the scores in the healthy group were significantly higher than the affected group (P < 0.05). According to the results of this study, the level of social support and social health in people with substance abuse is less than other people in society, and to improve the social health of people with substance abuse, more social support should be provided.

Associação entre suporte social e autoavaliação de saúde na meia-idade: seriam os homens mais afetados que as mulheres?

Abstract: Social support from family and friends is recognized as an important social determinant of health, given its protective effects on individuals’ physical and mental well-being. While most studies have focused on older adults, investigating midlife health is equally crucial since middle-aged individuals are also susceptible to the harmful health outcomes of inadequate social support from friends and family. This study contributes to the debate by examining whether social support is associated with self-rated health among middle-aged Brazilian adults and how this relationship varies between men and women. Using data from the nationwide Brazilian National Health Survey conducted in 2019, logistic regression models were employed to assess differences in self-rated health, accounting for confounding factors. The sample comprised 31,926 middle-aged adults, of which 52.5% were women. The overall prevalence of poor self-rated health was 40.7%, with a significant difference between men and women. Results from this study suggest that having no friends or family members to rely on, both during good and challenging times, was associated with poorer self-rated health. However, the strength of this association differs by gender, with social support from friends playing a more critical role in women’s self-rated health. On the other hand, family support was associated with male self-rated health, particularly for men with three or more family members they can rely on. Future studies should consider cultural and contextual factors to better understand other dimensions of social support and its association with midlife health.

Avaliando o impacto da Covid-19 sobre o apoio à democracia no Brasil: um estudo de painel

ABSTRACT Introduction: While substantial shifts in political and social values typically evolve over generational timescales, exceptional disruptive events can occasionally prompt swift changes in societal attitudes. This article investigates the extent to which the Covid-19 pandemic has influenced the level of democratic support among Brazilian citizens. Materials and methods: Our research employed a three-wave online longitudinal panel study (N = 1,301) to assess the attitudes of Brazilian citizens towards democracy at three distinct intervals throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. Our research tool gauged various dimensions of democratic attitudes and inquired about the respondents' experiences with Covid-19 as well as of their close social circles. Utilizing a combination of propensity score matching and a difference-in-differences design, we estimated the causal effect of the Covid-19 experience on both “diffuse” and “specific” support for democracy. Findings: Our analysis revealed that exposure to the virus had limited overall impact on our measures of democratic support. However, we did identify some evidence indicating that severe exposure to Covid-19 had a negative effect on one dimension of democratic support, specifically, diffuse support. Discussion: Our findings underscore the resilience of deeply ingrained ideological beliefs and values. Despite being one of the most disruptive global events in recent history, the Covid-19 pandemic displayed only a modest influence on the foundations of democratic culture. While this suggests that concerns about the pandemic's impact on democratic attitudes may have been overstated, it remains crucial for social and political leaders to remain mindful of actively reinforcing and upholding democratic governance during the post-pandemic recovery phase.

The Relationship between Daily Spiritual Experiences and the Dimensions of Spiritual Care Competence in Nursing Students: The Dimension of Professionalization and Improvement of the Quality of Spiritual Care.

Daily spiritual experiences and spiritual care competence have positive health effects on patients and form an integral part of the nursing profession. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between daily spiritual experiences and the dimensions of spiritual care competence in nursing students. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 401 nursing students in their last year of the program. The participants were selected from nursing schools in Tehran Province, Iran, in the academic year 2019-2020. The required data were extracted using a demographic information questionnaire, the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES), and the Spiritual Care Competence Scale (SCCS). The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software at the significance level of 0.05. The mean (SD) of daily spiritual experiences and total spiritual care competence was 67.15 (16.33) and 101.77 (16.26), respectively. The personal support and patient counseling dimensions had the highest mean (SD) [22.10) 4.80)]. Among all these dimensions of spiritual care competence, only professionalization and improvement of the quality of spiritual care were predictors of the students' daily spiritual experiences (p < 0.05). The professionalization dimension of spiritual care competence was identified as a predictor of daily spiritual experience in nursing students. Therefore, the researchers recommend the highlighting of this dimension in nursing programs to promote the students' spiritual care competence.

Characteristics of regional results of opposition parties in Russia during the 2018–2022 elections

The analysis of the results of opposition parties in the framework of the electoral cycle of 2018–2022 in Russia remains an urgent and requires a comprehensive analysis task. Research traditionally focuses more on the results of the party in power or the state of the party system as a whole, thereby ignoring the specifics and regional dimension of support for opposition parties. The aim of the study is to generalize and analyze the results of parliamentary opposition parties in the context of both electoral results and regional characteristics, as well as the future prospects of the parties in connection with the completion of the federal electoral cycle. Using statistical and comparative analysis methods, it was found that the opposition parliamentary parties consistently lost the support of the electorate both in the context of electoral support and in the regional dimension. It was also found that the participation of parties in the elections of the heads of regions is ineffective, in terms of both the result and the support received. The analysis makes it possible to assess the overall dynamics of party support in the regional context, to make assumptions and conclusions about its dynamics in terms of expectations and current problems.

Clustering of Polish Citizens on the Bases of Their Support for Leaving and Remaining the European Union

The article presents the clustering of Polish citizens based on the empirical dimension of support for European integration. The structure of the work is based on three key elements constituting the basis of the presented text. The first refers to the development of a scale to measure the extent of support for the integration of Poland with the EU. The second element covers an area of support scale modelling. After the substantial and statistical analysis of the adequacy of the probability distribution for the support scale, it was decided that a model in which the scale underwent mixing non-standard Beta distributions would be adopted. Applying the Maximal Likelihood Method (ML), the components for its fitted probability densities and estimators of prior (or mixing) probabilities were indicated. The procedure allowed us to define the clusters of which the population of voters was composed. The paper’s final section presents many practical and theoretical conclusions for political parties and scientists interested in the discussed area. The novelty of applying the ML method goes hand in hand with the findings that previously appeared in political science literature, although under different economic and geopolitical conditions.

Associations between Social Support Dimensions and Resilience Factors and Pathways of Influence in Depression and Anxiety Rates in Young Adults.

Emerging adulthood is an important developmental period, associated to mental health risk. Resilience research points to both social and personal protective factors against development of psychopathology, but there is paucity with their comprehensive study in young adults. This study provides and initial integrative approach to model multiple dimensions of perceived social support (i.e., from family, friends, significant others) and personal factor of trait resilience (i.e., coping and persistence during stress, tolerance to negative affect, positive appraisals, trust) and their hypothesized contributions to reducing depression and anxiety rates. The study was conducted with a sample of 500 Spanish emerging adults (18 to 29 years old). Regression analyses and multiple mediation models were performed to test our hypotheses. Results showed that social support from family was the dimension with the highest strength relating individual differences in resilience. Furthermore, analyses supported a differential mediating role of specific resilience factors (coping and persistence during stress, tolerance to negative affect, positive appraisals, trust) in partially accounting for the association between higher social support from family and lower depression and anxiety levels in young adults. These results may inform new programs of mental health during emerging adulthood via the promotion of different sources of social support and their related resilience pathways contributing to low emotional symptomatology at this stage of development.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Health Care Quality in Iran Based on the Comprehensive Quality Measurement in Health Care Model.

Comprehensive assessment of health care quality is the first step in improving care and achieving health service goals. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of health care quality in Iran based on the Comprehensive Quality Measurement in Health Care model. In this study, the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Iranian Scientific Information Database (SID), MagIran, and Google Scholar were searched using English and Iran keywords without time limit. STATA 16 software and a random effect model were used for conducting meta-analysis. Of the 750 articles found, 20 were finally included; 13 of which were related to service quality, five to customer quality, and four to technical quality. Overall mean score of service quality was 7.79 [95% CI 7.43-8.15, df = 12, I2 = 98.48, P value < 0.000] out of 10, and overall mean score of customer quality was 73.20 ± 4.56 [95% CI 65.18-81.22, df = 5, I2 = 99.34, P value < 0.001] out of 100. Among the 12 dimensions of service quality, the confidentiality dimension (9.55 ± 0.12) had the highest mean score and the group support dimension (5.92 ± 0.901) had the lowest score. In general, from the viewpoint of service receivers, the technical quality is relatively favorable. According to the results of this study, the quality of health care in Iran is significantly far from ideal. Therefore, planning to improve providing health care is essential.

Assessment of the Educational Environment of Plastic Surgery Training Programs in Iran using the PHEEM Questionnaire: A Cross-sectional Study.

Clinical educational environments play a substantial role in the teaching of medical residents and fellows. In order to improve the quality of clinical education, its status should be evaluated. Therefore, we aimed to inquire about the educational environment of Plastic Surgery fellows in two teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran using the Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM). In this descriptive cross-sectional study, Plastic Surgery fellows studying in two teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran, in 2022 were included. The Persian version of the PHEEM questionnaire was applied for assessing the clinical educational environment. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Twenty six Plastic Surgery fellows were studied, 15.4% of whom were women (n=4) and 84.6% were men (n=22). The mean total score of the PHEEM questionnaire was 89.68±26.02. The highest mean score was in the teaching dimension (35.08), while the lowest mean score was in the social support dimension (25.42). Most dissatisfaction among Plastic Surgery fellows were in the field of social support. It is necessary to adopt proper educational policies to improve the supportive resources for Plastic Surgery fellows.

EFFECT OF PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT ON NURSES TURNOVER INTENTION IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN PLATEAU STATE

This research sought to establish the impact of perceived organizational support dimensions on nurses’ turnover intention in public hospitals in Plateau State as the study setting. Data were collected through a questionnaire from the three public hospital nurses, consisting of 318 respondents. A survey design was applied to 318 nurses from the public hospitals in Plateau State. The result showed that an employee’s welfare is significantly associated with turnover intention; an employee’s career development is significantly associated with turnover intention; role clarity is significantly associated with turnover intention; and employee recognition is significantly associated with turnover intention. This study is significant as it provides a better understanding of the reasons that lead nurses to consider leaving the organization where they work and the difference between nursing professionals in public hospitals.

Multifractal analysis of model fractal and multifractal signals

One of the topical directions of modern fractal radio physics is the multifractal analysis of signals and processes of various origins. A set of deterministic and stochastic models of monofractal and multifractal signals and processes in the time domain is proposed. New multifractal signal characteristics, namely, the coefficient of asymmetry of the multifractal spectrum function, the relative width of the multifractal spectrum and the dimension of the multifractal support, are introduced, the necessity of their use is demonstrated on examples. Using Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima Method and Multi-Fractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis Method, a detailed multifractal analysis of model signals is performed. The features of multifractal analysis of monofractal, multifractal and non-fractal signals are established, the appropriate recommendations for practitioners are formulated. Convenient formats for presenting analysis results have been developed. It was found that during the transition of the multifractal signal to the monofractal regime, the function of the multifractal spectrum of the physical fractal does not collapse into a point, as it should happen in theory for a mathematical fractal. Threshold values of multifractal characteristics, which are indicators of the appearance of the monofractal, are proposed. It has been shown that multifractal analysis of non-fractal signals leads to the appearance of multifractal spectra with anomalous values of multifractal characteristics. The correction function method is modified for the methods of multifractal analysis of signals and processes. It is proved that its usage makes it possible to reduce the deviation of the obtained estimate of the generalized Hurst exponent from the true known value of the Hölder exponent of the analyzed signal from 5 – 90% to 3 – 8%.

Perceived Organizational Support and Voice Behavioural Performance in Public Organizations in Nigeria

This study investigated the relationship between perceived organisational support and voice behavioural performance in selected public sector organisations in Nigeria. Two dimensions of employees’ voice behavioural performance, which are, promotive voice behavioural performance and prohibitive voice behavioural performance were empirically examined. The organisational support dimensions explored are: employers support, supervisors support, and fellow employees support. A survey research design which employed the use of the questionnaire was used to collect the needed date from the respondents. Data which was generated from three hundred and fifty selected respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentages analysis and inferential statistics such as multiple regression. The result of the study revealed that all the three dimensions of organisational support examined, that is, employers support, supervisors support, and fellow employees support were significantly related to promotive voice behavioural performance and prohibitive voice behavioural performance. It is recommended that public sector organisations in Nigeria should provide more support to its employees; direct heads of units and departments in the various ministries and government institutions to put measures in place to improve the well-being of their subordinates and also encourage employees to engage in prosocial behaviour as this might enhance behavioural voice performance.

Before supporting athletes, evaluate your coach–athlete relationship: Exploring the link between coach leadership and coach–athlete relationship

The overall quality of coach–athlete relationship has been shown to positively associate with coach leadership effectiveness on athletes’ outcomes. Nonetheless, others also showed no associations when each subdimension of coach–athlete relationship was separately examined. This study used canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to examine the complete set of correlations between coach transformational leadership (six dimensions) and quality coach–athlete relationship (six dimensions). A total of 213 athletes (122 male; 91 female) from various performance levels and sports completed a multi-section questionnaire. CCA revealed positive, negative and no correlations between the coach transformational leadership and coach–athlete relationship variable sets. For example, the Direct Commitment dimension of the coach–athlete relationship was negatively related to the Individualised Support dimension and positively associated with the High-Performance Expectation dimension of coach transformational leadership. In light of these results, we discuss whether viewing the coach–athlete relationship as an inherent dimension embedded within the conceptualisation of coach leadership is suitable and accurate.

Analysis of the Factors Influencing Inclusive Education Competency of Primary and Secondary Physical Education Teachers in China

Teachers’ inclusive education competency is an important factor influencing the realization of high-quality inclusive education. This study investigated the current situation of the inclusive education competency of primary and secondary school physical education teachers and analyzed its influencing factors. There were 286 physical education teachers who participated in the study, including 228 males and 58 females by answering Questionnaire on the Professional Competency of Teachers in Compulsory Education. We found the professional attitude dimension score regarding the inclusive education competency of physical education teachers was significantly higher than that of professional knowledge, professional skills and capacity of acquiring support, whereas the score of professional knowledge dimension was significantly lower than that of professional skills and capacity of acquiring support, and the score of professional skills dimension was higher than that of the capacity of acquiring support dimension. There was no significant difference in the inclusive education competency of physical education teachers in terms of gender, school district and study section, whereas there were significant differences in terms of teaching age, whether children with or without disabilities were taught, and the cumulative length of training related to inclusive education. The inclusive education competency of physical education teachers needed to be further improved.

Social support and mental health in maternity: Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundMotherhood involves a process of adaptation and the perception of social support influences mental health, breastfeeding or newborn care among others. The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a distancing from family, friends and health professionals. MethodsQuantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The present study aims to describe and analyze the social support and mental health of mothers during this period. MethodsThe sample were 179 women with children older than 6 months. The questionnaires used were the DUKE-UNC-11 and GHQ-12. Data analysis was carried out with Spearman's Rho and Mann Whitney U test. Results75.8% of the sample perceived normal social support during the pandemic. Within the dimensions of social support, women reported perceiving satisfactory confidential support, while affective support was perceived as low. Correlational analysis reported a significant relationship between mental health, confidential support and affective support. Group comparison noted greater confidential support in primiparous. ConclusionsThe sample is sensitive to changes originated by COVID-19 constraints influencing perceived social support and mental health. Affective and confidential support as well as the involvement of health professionals and the environment are fundamental for mental health during the first year of maternity. Relevance to clinical practiceMothers' mental health is sensitive and vulnerable to social changes, in this case, those that occurred as a consequence of the COVID-19 outbreak.

Association between Family Support, Stress, and Sleep Quality among College Students during the COVID-19 Online Learning Period.

(1) Background: During the past 3 years, the COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the normal school schedule of college students, jeopardizing their mental health, sleep quality, and interpersonal relationships. However, previous studies have focused on the dimension of social support received, and few studies have measured in depth the association of support received from family on adolescents’ physical and mental health. Therefore, this study explored the associations between family support received by Chinese college students during COVID-19 pandemic online classes, stress and sleep quality, and the mediating role of stress. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at Chongqing Medical University recruited 712 college students through a university-wide incidental random sample using the Questionnaire Star platform. Statistical description and correlation analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0, and structural equation modeling was constructed using AMOS 22.0 to test for mediating effects; (3) Results: The family support score of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic online course was 19.41 ± 4.62. Correlation analysis showed that sleep quality was negatively correlated with family support (r = −0.224, p < 0.01), positively correlated with stress (r = 0.324, p < 0.01), and family support was negatively correlated with stress (r = −0.159, p < 0.01). The results of structural equation modeling showed that stress partially mediated the relationship between family support and sleep quality among college students (indirect effect = −0.150, p < 0.01, SE = 0.013,95% CI = [−0.208, −0.064]). The model R2 was 36.4%. (4) Conclusions: Schools should consider implementing sleep education, and stress relief curriculum measures to improve the quality of students’ sleep, and should focus on the role that family plays during online classes. This will help students overcome the negative emotional effects of stress in the COVID-19 pandemic and improve their learning efficiency and physical and mental health.