This paper firstly analyzes the mode, development background and development status of the medical products supply chain, and finds that the medical products market shows an expanding trend, which requires the prevention and control of supply chain risks. Secondly, this paper identifies the risk factors existing in its current development, mainly supply risk, logistics risk, demand risk, information risk and cooperation risk, and analyzes the five types of risk in detail, points out the risk factors existing in each risk, and enumerates the impacts of each risk on each link of the medical products supply chain. Again, this paper combines the relevant risk factors to propose specific supply chain management countermeasures from three aspects, namely: using innovative digital supply chain models, optimizing internal supply chain processes, and improving the standardized management of medical products production. Finally, the whole paper is summarized and relevant conclusions are drawn, aiming to provide some references for giving full play to the role of medical products supply chain.