Supplementation Of Honey Research Articles

EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF ACACIA HONEY AND PIOGLITAZONE ON INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as a major health threat worldwide. There is an increasing advocacy of natural products in the treatment of DM and its complications. Objective of this study was to see the effect of supplementation of Pioglitazone and Acacia honey on inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Methods: The study was conducted in Al-Nafees Medical College in association with National Institute of Health, Islamabad. There were 150 male Sprague Dawley rats divided into 5 equal groups. Group-I was taken as normal control whereas Group-II was diabetic control. The Groups-II?V were given STZ through intraperitoneal route. Group-III received Acacia honey for 3 weeks. Group-IV was given intra-peritoneal injection of pioglitazone plus Acacia honey, and Group-V was administered pioglitazone through intraperitoneal route for same dose and duration. Serum catalase, hydrogen peroxide, CRP and TNF-? were measured after three weeks. Statistical analysis was done on SPSS-22. The values were presented as Mean±SEM and p?0.05 was considered significant. Results: On day 25 compared to Group-II, serum TNF-? and hydrogen peroxide levels were significantly decreased in Groups-III, IV and V. The mean serum CRP levels were significantly decreased in Group-III and IV while Group-II and III had significantly raised serum catalase levels. Conclusion: Acacia honey along with pioglitazone decreases oxidative stress as predicted by increase in levels of catalase. This combination also reduces inflammation as measured by decreased levels of CRP and TNF-? in STZ induced diabetic rats. Pak J Physiol 2024;24(3):18?22, DOI: https://doi.org/10.69656/pjp.v20i3.1536

Efficacy of Bee Products (Anzer Honey, Pollen and Propolis) in Detection and Healing of Damage Induced by Antidiabetic Drug Vildagliptin/Metformin Hydrochloride in Healthy Human Pancreatic Cells: Cytotoxic, Genotoxic and Biochemical Studies.

Although drugs are powerful therapeutic agents, they have a range of side effects. These side effects are sometimes cellular and not clinically noticeable. Vildagliptin/metformin hydrochloride is one of the most widely used oral antidiabetic drugs with two active ingredients. In this study, we investigated its harmful effects on the metabolic activation system in healthy human pancreatic cells "hTERT-HPNE", and we aimed to improve these harmful effects by natural products. To benefit from the healing effect, we used the unique natural products produced by the bees of the Anzer Plateau in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the drug were investigated by different tests, such as MTT, flow cytometry-apoptosis and comet assays. Anzer honey, pollen and propolis were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (G/C-MS). A total of 19 compounds were detected, constituting 99.9% of the samples. The decrease in cell viability at all drug concentrations was statistically significant compared to the negative control (P<0.05). A statistically significant decrease was detected in the apoptosis caused by vildagliptin/metformin hydrochloride with the supplementation of Anzer honey, pollen and propolis in hTERT-HPNE cells (P<0.05). This study can contribute to other studies testing the healing properties of natural products against the side effects of oral antidiabetics in human cells. In particular, Anzer honey, pollen and propolis can be used as additional foods to maintain cell viability and improve heal damage and can be evaluated against side effects in other drug studies.

Honey Attenuates Phenylhydrazine-Induced Hematotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Male Wistar Rats

Honey is a sweet, viscous food substance produced by bees using nectar from flowers. Due to its complex chemical composition, it has been widely used in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties. The present study evaluated the protective role of honey in attenuating phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Twenty (20) male Wistar rats with a weight range of 200-250g were used for the study. They were allocated into four (4) groups consisting of five (5) rats each. In the first phase of the experiment, animals in group I (control) received distilled water while animals in groups II, III and IV received 2ml of 15, 30 and 60% honey respectively by oral gavage. In the second phase, haematotoxicity and oxidative stress were induced by intraperitoneal injection of phenylhydrazine (PHZ) at 50 mg/kg to all twenty (20) animals, daily for two (days). The animals continued to receive distilled water and honey as in phase one. Blood collected from animals was analyzed for haematological and oxidative stress parameters following standard laboratory procedures. Results from the present study show significantly increased packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell, total white blood cell and neutrophil counts among the experimental groups compared to the control (p&lt;0.05). Also, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione levels increased among the honey-supplemented experimental groups compared while MDA levels reduced compared to the control (P&lt;0.05). The study concludes that oral supplementation of honey may have protected against phenylhydrazine-induced toxicity evidenced by increased packed cell volume, red blood cell, white blood cell and neutrophile counts, catalase and superoxide dismutase as well reduced malondialdehyde. The present evidence suggests that honey could attenuate haematotoxicity and oxidative stress caused by phenylhydrazine.

Effect of Supplementation of Acacia Honey and Pioglitazone on Blood Glucose Levels in Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Objective: To determine the effect of combined supplementation of Pioglitazone and Acacia Honey on blood glucose levels in Streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats.&#x0D; Study Design: Laboratory-based animal study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of study: Al-Nafees Medical College, in collaboration with the National Institute of Health, Islamabad Pakistan, from Jan 2016 to Jun 2017.&#x0D; Methodology: The study was conducted on 150 male Sprague Dawley rats, divided into five groups with 30 rats. Group-I was the control Group. Groups II-V were given Streptozotocin 65 mg Streptozotocin intraperitoneally to make them diabetic. Group II was diabetic control. Group-III was given acacia honey for three weeks. Group-IV received an intraperitoneal injection of Pioglitazone (oral hypoglycemic) 15 mg/kg body weight per day plus Acacia honey, and Group-V was given Pioglitazone intraperitoneally for the same dose and duration. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured after three weeks of supplementation.&#x0D; Results: After three weeks of supplementation, the blood glucose levels were significantly (p-value &lt;0.001) lower in all Groups (Group- III: 228.33±40.60 mg/dl, Group-IV: 132.50±22.67 mg/dl and Group- V: 120.73±14.19 mg/dl) as compared to Group-II (Diabetic Controls) (290.13±52.60 mg/dl).&#x0D; Conclusion: Combined supplementation of Acacia honey and Pioglitazone reduces blood glucose levels in Streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats.

Modulating the Metabolic Activity of Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. with the Supplementation of Honey and Protein Sources

The present study aimed to assess the effect of honey obtained from different bee species and protein sources on the metabolic changes in mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. The results of experiment showed that oral administration of honey and protein sources to silkworm larvae during late-age instars daily once significantly changed metabolic processes. Among the various treatments and concentrations tested, 5 per cent Trigona iridipennis honey significantly increased the carbohydrate in haemolymph (16.71 mg/mL) and fat body (12.38 mg/g) over all other treatments. The lipid content in haemolymph (23.03 mg/mL) and fat body (45.38 mg/g) of silkworm were also found to be superior in the larval batch treated with 5 per cent T. iridipennis. Apart from this, the same treatment was showed statistical superiority in increasing the activity of enzymes viz., aspartate aminotransferase (269.78 µg/mL) and alanine aminotransferase (563.25 µg/mL), which play an important role in protein metabolism.

Glucocorticoid and cortisol hormone in response to honey and honey propolis supplementation in mild stress women

This study aimed to assess the response of supplementation of honey and honey propolis to women who experience mild stress. The subjects of 30 people were divided into 3 groups; control, honey, and propolis honey every 10 people per group. All groups were given the same dose of 60g/day for 14 days. Measurements of glucocorticoid and cortisol hormones using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and the difference in cortisol hormone levels before and after the intervention were analyzed by a paired T-test. Honey and propolis honey group decrease cortisol levels but none of the groups have significant changes. This is reciprocal with the changes in the hormone cortisol, the decrease in glucocorticoid hormone levels in the group given honey is the highest following propolis honey and the control group. However, changes in glucocorticoid hormones in the honey group were statistically significant. Our result confirmed that in women who experience mild stress, honey and honey propolis have the potential to reduce stress-related hormones, that is glucocorticoids and cortisol, this reduction does not have the potential to suppress the immune system.

Sintasan Dan Pertumbuhan Larva Ikan Ikan Lele (Clarias sp) Hasil Penetasan Telur Melalui Penambahan Madu Dalam Pengenceran Sperma

The purposes of research were to determine the survival and growth of catfish larvae (Clarias sp) produced from eggs using honey in sperm dilution. Sperm dilution was prepared by disolving honey (0 mL; 0,6 mL; 0,65 mL; dan 0,7 mL) in 100 mL, 99,4 mL; 99,35 mL dan 99,3 mL NaCl respectively. The research was conducted using Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments each with three replications. Research results showed that survival of larvae at treatment D was the highest (81,33%), followed by treatment C (75%) and B (72%) and the lowest was treatment A (63.67%). The highest absolute length growth was achieved at treatment D (1.73 cm) followed by treatment C (1.40 cm), B (1.10 cm) and the lowest was treatment A (1.03 cm). It could be concluded that supplementation of honey in sperm dilution influenced the survival and growth of catfish larvae Keywords: honey, Clarias sp, sperm dilution, survival, growth

Effect of honey supplementation with bee products on quality parameters and mineral composition

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of supplementation of multiflower honey with bee products on selected quality parameters and on mineral composition. Supplementation of honey with bee products slightly affected the water content; however, part of samples had slightly exceeded the allowed water content. Addition of individual bee products resulted in significant increases in the amount of insoluble solids, free acidity and conductivity. The greatest effect was observed for honeys with pollen or beebread, due to higher levels of supplementation of honey with these products. The addition of bee products had little effect on HMF content. Supplementation of honey with beebread resulted in lower glucose and fructose content. Honeys with bee products exhibited slightly higher sucrose content, while in three of the analyzed samples sucrose content exceeded the allowed for honey limit. Supplementation of honeys with pollen or beebread significantly influenced an increase in K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn contents.

Supplementation of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Extract Enhanced the Medicinal Values and Prebiotic Index of Hungarian Acacia Honey.

Acacia honey, as a favored delicacy, was supplemented with extracts of distinctive Ganoderma lucidum (lingzhi or reishi) variants to enhance its biological value and lay the foundations for prospective functional food application. Health promoting effects of G. lucidum have already been documented and its prebiotic features have been verified. In spite of promising studies and its unambiguous nutritional value, G. lucidum mushroom has not gained extensive use in the food industry so far. Special honey-based foodstuffs fortified with G. lucidum extract were developed as novel food prototypes, and screened for their enhanced total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant (FRAP), and antiradical activity (DPPH). The obtained variants were also investigated for the possibly increased prebiotic index by means of an in vitro digestion procedure. A concentration dependent positive correlation was observed for all the studied parameters in case of the investigated prototypes. Supplementation of acacia honey with 0.5% reishi mushroom extract significantly increased the TPC, the antioxidant activity, and the radical scavenging power. A statistically significant improvement in the prebiotic index was also observed for the developed prototypes when compared with pure acacia honey. The evidence gained from the conducted studies fully supports the conception of combining honey and reishi extract to obtain a functional food product of high biological potential.

Administration of Honey and Royal Jelly Ameliorate Cisplatin Induced Changes in Liver and Kidney Function in Rat

Although cisplatin is an effective drug, its clinical use is limited because of its side effects. Honey and royal jelly are natural antioxidants that can be extracted from honey bees. The aim of this investigation is to study the ameliorative role of both honey and royal jelly against cisplatin induced changes in levels of liver and kidney function biomarkers in rat. Male wistar albino rats of almost same age and weight were divided randomly into four groups. Group I: (control group) rats were given 0.9% saline. Group II; (cisplatin group) rats were injected by cisplatin (7mg/ kg/ day) intraperitoneally for 15 days. Group III; (Honey and Royall jelly group) rats were fed orally honey (500 mg/kg/day) with royal jelly (100mg/kg/day) for 15 days. Group IV; (cisplatin and honey with royal jelly group) rats were injected cisplatin (7mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally and fed orally honey (500mg/kg/day) with royal jelly (100mg/kg/day) daily for 15 days. At the end of experiment, blood was collected and serum was got by centrifugation at 3500 rpm. Serum obtained was analyzed for liver function test by estimating ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, albumin, and total protein and kidney function test by estimating creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels. Administration of cisplatin to rats (Group, II) leads to a significant increase in serum ALT, AST, ALP enzyme activity, while the values of total bilirubin, total protein and albumin were significantly decreased as compared to control. Oral supplementation of royal jelly and honey to rats (Group, III) showed comparable enzyme activity of ALT, AST, ALP and values of total bilirubin, total protein and albumin to control. In the rat group that were administered honey and royal jelly in association of cisplatin (Group, IV) improvement was observed in liver function biomarkers. Cisplatin administrated rats (G, II) shows a significant increase in the values of kidney function biomarkers like creatinine, urea and uric acid compare to control. Oral supplementation of royal jelly and honey treated to rats (Group, III) showed comparable values of creatinine, urea and uric acid to control. In the rat group that were administered honey and royal jelly in association of cisplatin (Group, IV) improvement was observed in kidney function biomarkers. The study found that combined administration of honey and royal jelly attenuated the cisplatin induced alterations in liver and kidney function biomarkers, because honey and royal jelly are free radical scavengers, lipid peroxidation inhibitors and anti-inflammatory effects and hence are recommended during the cisplatin chemotherapy.

Pengaruh Suplementasi Madu Trigona terhadap Parameter Fungsi Hati dan Ginjal Tikus Albino (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diberikan Simvastatin

Simvastatin is a drug acting on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase enzyme leading to decrease of lipid level in plasma. Simvastatin is associated with pleiotropic effects such as cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective effect. This study aimed to observe effect of supplementation of trigona honey on parameters of liver function (SGPT and SGOT) and kidney function (urea) in albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) given 40 mg/kg simvastatin. Twenty-four male albino rats were divided into 6 groups (n=4). Each group was administered different treatments for 15 days orally. Group I was put as health control without any treatment, group II was given sodium carboxymethylcellulose (1% b/v) as negative control, group III was given simvastatin at the dose of 40 mg/kg, group IV was administered simvastatin (40 mg/kg) and trigona honey (6.5% v/v), while group V and VI were administered simvastatin (40 mg/kg) and ubiquinone (1.43 mg/kg); and simvastatin (40 mg/kg), trigona honey (6.5% v/v), and ubiquinone (1.43 mg/kg), respectively. Upon the treatments, level of SGOT, SGPT, and ureum was determined. The data were analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Difference tests (p=0.05). According to the analysis, it was concluded that supplementation of trigona honey in rats administered simvastatin showed significantly lower level of all parameters than groups of simvastatin and controls.

The effect of Tualang honey on the quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled trial.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the efficacy of a 6-months regime of honey supplementation in improving the quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsA single blind randomized controlled trial on 34 patients with COPD was conducted. The participants were divided into two groups, including honey (n = 22) and standard care (n = 12). St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to assess the QoL. The QoL total score was analysed using repeated measure ANOVA.ResultThere were no significant differences between the honey and standard care groups for socio-demographic and QoL variables. The within-time analysis showed statistically significant differences between baseline and post 2, 4 and 6-months in the total QoL score in the honey group. Otherwise, only marginally significant difference was detected between baseline and post 2-months in the standard care group. A comparison of total QoL score between the two groups, based on time (between and within), favoured the honey group. The honey group demonstrated a significantly lower mean total QoL score compared with the standard group at 4-months (28.89; 95% CI: 21.19, 36.59 vs 42.38; 95% CI: 31.95, 52.81) and 6 months (22.91; 95% CI: 14.94, 30.87 vs 41.95; 95% CI: 31.17, 52.73).ConclusionSupplementation of honey in patients with COPD results in better intermediate and long-term changes in the overall QoL.

Effect of different levels of honey on physiological, growth and carcass traits of broiler chickens during dry season

The objective of this trial was to investigate the effect of different levels of honey in drinking water on the responses of broiler chickens during dry season in hot humid tropics. Three hundred Oba Marshall broiler chicks were used for this study. The day-old chicks were randomly assigned to five treatment groups with each treatment having four replicates of 15 birds. The first 4 treatment groups were daily supplied drinking water without honey (0H), with 20 ml (20H), 40 ml (40H) and 60 ml (60H) of honey per liter of water. The fifth group received drinking water supplemented with 500 mg vitamin C per liter of water (C). Records on daily weight gain (WG) and feed intake (FI) were taken. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated as the ratio of gain to feed consumed. The supplementation of honey in the drinking water for broiler chickens in 60H during hot dry season in the hot humid tropics improved some stress indices, body weight gain and relative spleen weight.

Antihyperglycemic Activity, Antihyperlipedemic Activity, Hepatoprotective Activity and Histopathological Analysis of Natural Honey in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Honey contains a variety of phytochemicals and other substances, such as organic acids, vitamins and enzymes, which may serve as a source for dietary antioxidants. Antioxidants shows improve insulin level and protect insulin resistant in diabetes mellitus. Honey bee venom reduces blood glucose level as well as lipid profile through increased insulin secretion and glucose take-up. For that reason, honey could be considered as a potential remedy for diabetes as well as Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to determine the medicinal activity of honey and its role on antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotechtive activity and histopathological analysis of natural honey in Streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. The experimental rats were divided into six groups (n = 6). Diabetes Mellitus (DM) was induced by single intraperitoneal injection (65 mg/kg BW) of freshly prepared Streptozotocin hydrate solution in 0.9% saline solution. Hyperlipidemic was induced by mixture of cholesterol (1.5%) and cholic acid (0.5%) with diet of rats. At the end of treatment, the blood glucose level and lipid profile was measured by using commercial kits. Histopathology of liver and heart were performed of observed any changes in the cellular structures (degradation and regeneration) of the rats after receiving the sample for 28 consecutive days with respect to control group. Honey bee-treatment significantly decrease blood glucose level in diabetic rats. TC, TG, LDL, VLDL are significantly (p < 0.05) decrease whereas HDL significantly increase (p < 0.001). The SGPT and SGOT were significantly decrease (p < 0.05) which showed hepatoprotective activity of honey. Honey has favorable effect on the histopathological changes in Streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. On the basis of above findings, it can be concluded that, supplementation of honey could significantly contribute to control blood glucose level as well as lipid profile in diabetic subjects. Honey showed prevent various complications of diabetes and improve some haematological parameters.

Efficacy and safety of honey based formulation of Nigella sativa seed oil in functional dyspepsia: A double blind randomized controlled clinical trial

Ethnopharmacological relevanceA honey based formulation from Nigella sativa L. (N. sativa) has been used in Traditional Persian Medicine for upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Considering the traditional use of this formulation and its ingredients known pharmacologic effects, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of N. sativa seed oil mixed with honey in treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia. Methods and materialsSeventy patients diagnosed with functional dyspepsia according to ROME III criteria and confirmed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were selected to receive a traditional honey based formulation of N. sativa (5ml N. sativa oil orally daily) or placebo for 8 weeks in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial using a parallel design with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Patients were evaluated prior to and following 8 weeks of the intervention in terms of the Hong Kong index of dyspepsia severity, presence of Helicobacter pylori infection based on urease test, scores in different domains of short form (SF-36) health survey, and any observed adverse events. ResultsThe mean scores of Hong Kong index of dyspepsia severity sores and the rate of H. pylori infection were significantly lower in the N. sativa group comparing the placebo group after the intervention (P<0.001). No serious adverse event was reported. ConclusionThis study showed that adjuvant supplementation of honey based formulation of N. sativa can cause significant symptomatic improvement of patients with functional dyspepsia whom received the standard anti-secretory therapy. The results should be investigated further in studies with longer duration and larger sample size.

Effect of honey on the reproductive system of male rat offspring exposed to prenatal restraint stress

Exposure to prenatal stress is associated with impaired reproductive function in male rat offspring. Honey is traditionally used by the Malays for enhancement of fertility. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of honey on reproductive system of male rat offspring exposed to prenatal restraint stress. Dams were divided into four groups (n=10/group): control, honey, stress and honey+stress groups. Dams from honey and honey+stress groups received oral honey (1.2gkg(-1) body weight) daily from day 1 of pregnancy, meanwhile dams from stress and honey+stress groups were subjected to restraint stress (three times per day) from day 11 of pregnancy until delivery. At 10weeks old, each male rat offspring was mated with a regular oestrus cycle female. Male sexual behaviour and reproductive performance were evaluated. Then, male rats were euthanised for assessment on reproductive parameters. Honey supplementation during prenatal restraint stress significantly increased testis and epididymis weights as well as improved the percentages of abnormal spermatozoa and sperm motility in male rat offspring. In conclusion, this study might suggest that supplementation of honey during pregnancy seems to reduce the adverse effects of restraint stress on reproductive organs weight and sperm parameters in male rat offspring.

Antioxidant activity of honey supplemented with bee products

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of supplementation of multiflower honey with bee products on the phenolic compound content and on antioxidant activity. Average total phenolic and flavonoids contents in the multiflower honeys were 36.06 ± 10.18 mg GAE/100 g and 4.48 ± 1.69 mg QE/100 g, respectively. The addition of royal jelly did not affect significantly the phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity. Supplementation of honey with other bee products, i.e. beebread, propolis, pollen, resulted in significant increase in the total phenolic and flavonoids contents, and in antiradical activity and reducing power, with the largest effect found for addition of beebread. Significant linear correlations between the total phenolic and flavonoids contents and antiradical activity and reducing power were found.

The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic control, weight loss and lipid parameters in type 2 diabetes: an open-label cross-over randomised controlled trial.

This randomised controlled trial assessed the acute and long-term effects of daily supplementation of kanuka honey, formulated with cinnamon, chromium and magnesium on glucose metabolism, weight and lipid parameters in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Twelve individuals with type 2 diabetes received 53.5 g of a formulated honey and a control (non-formulated) kanuka honey in a random order for 40 days, using cross-over design. Fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c, lipids and anthropometric measures were measured at baseline and end of treatment. A meal tolerance test was performed at baseline to assess acute metabolic response. There was no statistically significant difference in acute glucose metabolism between treatment groups, as measured by the Matsuda index and AUC for glucose and insulin. After the 40-day intervention with honey, fasting glucose did not differ significantly between the two treatments (95 % CI -2.6 to 0.07). There was no statistically significant change in HbA1c or fasting insulin. There was a statistically significant reduction in total cholesterol by -0.29 mmol/L (95 % CI -0.57 to -0.23), LDL cholesterol by -0.29 mmol/L (95 % CI -0.57 to -0.23) and weight by -2.2 kg (95 % CI -4.2 to -0.1). There was a trend towards increased HDL and reduced systolic blood pressure in the intervention treatment. The addition of cinnamon, chromium and magnesium supplementation to kanuka honey was not associated with a significant improvement in glucose metabolism or glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Use of the formulated honey was associated with a reduction in weight and improvements in lipid parameters, and should be investigated further.

Effects of Honey Supplementation on Hepatic and Cardiovascular Disease(CVD) Marker in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Introduction: Honey is not just a sweetener it is also a nature’s gift to mankind. Natural honey has various ingredients in it that contribute to its incredible properties. Honey contain health-beneficial effects such as gastro protective, hepatoprotective, reproductive, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects. For that reason, honey could be considered as a potential remedy for diabetes as well as Cardiovascular Disease(CVD). The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemical activity of honey and its role on hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic condition in Streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Material and method: The Experimental rats were divided into six groups (n=6). Diabetes Mellitus (DM) was induced by single intraperitoneal injection (65 mg/kg BW) of freshly prepared Streptozotocin hydrate solution in 0.9% saline solution. Hyperlipidemic was induced by mixture of cholesterol (1.5 %) and cholic acid (0.5%) with diet of rats. At the end of the treatment, the blood glucose level and lipid profile was measured by using commercial kits. Result: Honey bee-treatment significantly decreases blood glucose level in diabetic rats. TC, TG, LDL, VLDL are significantly (p<0.05) decrease whereas HDL significantly increase (p<0.001). The SGPT, SGOT and CRP were significantly decrease (p<0.05). The total phenolic and flavonoid were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and colorimetric assay method where some flavonoid decreases diabetic condition as well as CVD. Honey has also effect of hepatoprotective activity. Conclusion: On the basis of above findings, it can be concluded that, supplementation of honey could significantly contribute to control blood glucose level as well as lipid profile in diabetic subjects.

Histological changes in male accessory reproductive organs in rats exposed to cigarette smoke and the protective effect of honey supplementation

The effect of cigarette smoke (CS) on histology of male accessory reproductive organs and the possible protective effect of honey supplementation in rats were investigated in this study. Rats received distilled water, honey, CS exposure or honey plus CS exposure. Honey (1.2 g/kg body weight/day) was administered by gavage and CS exposure (3 times per day) was done in a chamber for 13 weeks. CS exposure significantly increased relative weight of epididymis and ventral prostate. There were also significantly increased number of clear cells and epithelial height of cauda epididymis as well as severe interstitial oedema and decreased epithelial height of prostate gland. However, with the supplementation of honey, these histological changes were significantly reversed suggesting the protective effect of honey against the toxic effect of CS on male accessory reproductive organs in rats.