Super-wideband Antenna Research Articles

A novel modified U-shaped microstrip antenna for super wide band (SWB) applications

In this work, a novel wideband microstrip modified slotted U-shaped printed monopole antenna operating from 3 to 20 GHz for super-wideband applications is proposed. To have an effect on the enhancement of bandwidth and to get better impedance matching over the frequency band, three modifications are introduced, the first one is to print two symmetric triangular shaped slots in the radiating element and the second one is to modify the partial rectangular ground plane to be defected ground plane by slotting three triangular structures. The third modification is to embed a circular slot in the center of the patch for integrating the entire FCC band (3.1–10.6 GHz) in the super wide band antenna. Both CST Microwave Studio and Ansoft HFSS 3-D EM solver were used for the simulation analysis of antennas while measurements after fabrication are performed by applying ZVB 20—vector network analyzer 20 MHz–20 GHz. The average maximum gain of the antenna is 5.72 dB with good radiation patterns. The antennas have only been measured up to 20 GHz (the upper frequency limit of the laboratory vector network analyzer device), simulations results both in CST and HFSS shows satisfactory design’s performance up to 40 GHz. So as this antenna is a candidate to fulfils the future UWB spectrum requirements in a very wide band. A good agreement between the measured and simulated results is achieved in term of return loss in the measured band (up to 20 GHz).

Design of SWB MIMO Antenna with Extremely Wideband Isolation

This paper presents a compact planar multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna for super wide band (SWB) applications. The presented MIMO antenna comprises two identical patches on the same substrate. Dimensions of the MIMO antenna are 0.17λ × 0.20λ × 0.006λ mm3, with respect to the lowest resonance of 1.30 GHz. The SWB antenna was manufactured using F4B substrate having a dielectric constant of 2.65 that provides a percent impedance bandwidth and bandwidth ratio of 187% and 30.76:1, respectively. The mutual coupling between the antenna elements is suppressed by placing a T-shaped corrugated strip in the mid of two antenna elements. The proposed MIMO antenna exhibits maximum diversity gain of 10 dB, low mutual coupling (<−20 dB), low envelope correlation coefficient (ECC < 0.02), efficiency >80%, and low reflection coefficient (<−10 dB) in the SWB frequency range (1.30 GH–40 GHz). The presented antenna is a good candidate for SWB applications. The designed antenna has been experimentally validated, and the simulated results were also verified.

Design of a Super Wide Band Antenna and Measure of Ambient RF Density in Urban Area

A compact Super Wide band (SWB) antenna fed by coplanar waveguide (CPW) is proposed in this paper. The size of the antenna is 140 × 100mm 2 (0.16λ × 0.12λ). The antenna originates from 3D volcano smoke antenna, and consists of a prolonged radiation patch and a symmetrical ground. Both the patch and ground were designed as smoothing structure, which can improve the impedance matching through a wide band. The simulated and measured bandwidth show that the antenna has a well-matched impedance bandwidth from 400MHz to higher than 20GHz under VSWR = 2 criterion, and the bandwidth ratio is greater than 50:1. The gain, efficiency and radiation pattern were all measured, and the maximum gain and efficiency are 6.3dBi and 96%, respectively. The antenna was also used to measure the ambient radiation frequency (RF) density in an urban area of Nanjing in China, which on the other hand proves the efficiency of this design.

High rejection triple band notched reconfigurable monopole superwideband antenna including applications for WWAN and Bluetooth wireless communication systems

In this manuscript, a reconfigurable superwideband triple notched band antenna is presented which covers impedance bandwidth of 2.75 GHz to 18.89 GHz and is also useful for applications for WWAN (1.90 GHz) and Bluetooth (2.40 GHz) wireless applications. Prototype antenna is fabricated with radiating patch on one surface of substrate and ground on the other side. WWAN/Bluetooth applications bands are obtained by embedding quarter wavelength stubs corresponding to 1.9 GHz and 2.4 GHz, respectively. Notched bands to eliminate WiMAX, WLAN and downlink satellite system frequency interference are end results of inverted T-shaped stub and by etching inverted C-shaped slots on radiating patch. Proposed antenna exhibits stable radiation pattern with maximum gain and radiation efficiency of 6.85 dBi and 92.4%, respectively. The proposed antenna is compact in size (22 × 22 mm2 = 484 mm2) and there is a close agreement between the simulated and the measured results like return loss and VSWR of the proposed antenna which shows high rejection at notched bands.

High rejection triple band notched reconfigurable monopole superwideband antenna including applications for WWAN and Bluetooth wireless communication systems

In this manuscript, a reconfigurable superwideband triple notched band antenna is presented which covers impedance bandwidth of 2.75 GHz to 18.89 GHz and is also useful for applications for WWAN (1.90 GHz) and Bluetooth (2.40 GHz) wireless applications. Prototype antenna is fabricated with radiating patch on one surface of substrate and ground on the other side. WWAN/Bluetooth applications bands are obtained by embedding quarter wavelength stubs corresponding to 1.9 GHz and 2.4 GHz, respectively. Notched bands to eliminate WiMAX, WLAN and downlink satellite system frequency interference are end results of inverted T-shaped stub and by etching inverted C-shaped slots on radiating patch. Proposed antenna exhibits stable radiation pattern with maximum gain and radiation efficiency of 6.85 dBi and 92.4%, respectively. The proposed antenna is compact in size (22 × 22 mm2 = 484 mm2) and there is a close agreement between the simulated and the measured results like return loss and VSWR of the proposed antenna which shows high rejection at notched bands.

A Modified Avian Egg Shaped CPW Fed Printed Monopole for SWB Applications

A compact egg-shaped super wide-band patch antenna with coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed is proposed. A much simpler design equation has been identified compared to previous reported works for egg-shaped patch antennas. An optimized egg shaped antenna has been designed and implemented on FR4 substrate with the dimensions 30mm x 27.5mm x 1.6mm.The antenna with geometry modifications has an impedance bandwidth 2.85-31.6 GHz. The performance of the antenna was validated analytically for super wideband (SWB) operation and experimentally for ultra-wideband (UWB) operation. A maximum gain of 4.4dBi and a minimum of 2dBi was observed at 6.5GHz and 3GHz respectively. A 30% reduction in patch area has been achieved compared to existing egg-shaped SWB antennas in literature. The lower frequency bound of the antenna is scalable with dimensions for lesser permittivity substrates which has been analytically validated. It is identified that the proposed antenna design could be used to achieve flexibility in bandwidth. This antenna is a potential candidate for super wideband applications.

A compact octagonal‐ring monopole antenna for super wideband applications

AbstractA compact monopole super wideband antenna has been designed and fabricated in this study. The proposed antenna consists of an octagonal‐ring shaped patch with a stub positioned on the top right corner of it to enhance the impedance bandwidth. Further improvement is ensured by optimally shifting both the patch and feed line away from the center line, and introducing a notch on the ground plane. The fabricated antenna covers the frequency band from 2.59 to 31.14 GHz with a reflection coefficient of |S11| ≤ − 10 dB. It has a bandwidth of 28.55 GHz, fractal bandwidth percentage of 169% and bandwidth ratio of 12.02:1. Omnidirectional radiation characteristics are observed over the operating bandwidth in the far‐field measurements. Furthermore, the far‐field radar cross section measurement of the antenna is also simulated on PC and relatively low values are obtained through the operating bandwidth. Presented antenna has a relatively small size (40 × 40 × 1.01 mm3) and exhibits good gain and efficiency characteristics in comparison to studies with similar bandwidth.

Hexagonal fractal antenna for super wideband terahertz applications

A hexagonal fractal superwideband antenna operating at terahertz frequencies is presented in this paper. It consists of three iterations of a hexagonal slot loaded hexagonal radiator fed by a microstrip line, defected irregular partial ground plane along with a backed plane rectangular ring resonator. This antenna has an operating bandwidth of 0.2 THz–11.5 THz for VSWR≤2. Other frequency domain characteristics like distorted omnidirectional radiation patterns in both E & H planes and peak realized gain of 10.82 dB are observed. HFSS simulator is used for analyzing this antenna geometry.

Elliptical ring terahertz fractal antenna

An elliptical ring shaped fractal super wideband antenna at terahertz frequencies is investigated in this paper. The antenna consists of a microstrip line fed second iterative elliptical ring radiator placed asymmetrical to the partial rectangular ground plane. The proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 9 THz from 0.3 to 9.3 THz for VSWR≤2 and overall volume of 800μm × 600 μm × 81.29 μm. Distorted omnidirectional radiation patterns in both E & H planes are observed. A peak realized gain of 9.5 dB is achieved. The antenna geometry is analyzed on HFSS simulator.

Stacked Stepped-Fed Super Wideband Antenna Performance in Free Space and Liquid Medium for Biomedical Applications

A new design of compact Super Wideband (SWB) antenna for performance comparison between in free space and in plain water is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna consists of basic circular patch as radiating element associated with partial ground and a zinc reflector to realize high gain and wide bandwidth. Dimension of 20 mm × 30 mm made the proposed antenna as a compact antenna. The significant feature of this design is the cautious manufacturing of the feed line with additional of two microstrip lines between the patch and the feed line known as stepped transmission line that altering the capacitance between the radiating element and the ground plane. The patch is directly connected with SMA connector using 50 Ohm mirostrip feed line through side feeding and deploy the air gap stacked. The antenna exhibit high performance in free space indicated by operated frequency ranged from 4.3 GHz until more than 15 GHz (<-10dB) with maximum gain of 9.79 dB. On the other hand, plain water medium degraded the antenna performance yet still within acceptance limit associated with resonant frequency ranged from 4.7 GHz until more than 15 GHz (<-6dB) and 2.2 dB for the maximum gain. The results reflect the reliability of the SWB antenna operated within liquid medium for various related applications especially for biomedical related applications such as microwave imaging for cancer detection.

Design of WLAN/WiMAX band notch super-wideband microstrip fractal antennas

AbstractA super-wideband microstrip fractal antenna is designed with miniaturized dimensions of 21 mm × 23.5 mm × 1 mm and generation of dual rejection bands for WLAN/WiMAX systems has been achieved. The triangular fractal shape slots are placed inside a circular patch and the antenna is miniaturized by using a repetition frequency resonance technique. The proposed antenna frequency range 2.6–40 GHz operates for VSWR of less than 2. Two band rejections for the frequency ranges 5.1–5.8 GHz and 3.4–3.7 GHz are created by one enhanced slot at the feed line and one split-ring resonator at the back of antenna. HFSS 3D software was used for computer simulation. The proposed antenna is fabricated on the FR4 substrate with 1 mm thickness. The measurement data show good agreement with the simulation results.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Superwideband Monopole Reconfigurable Antenna with Triple Notched Band Characteristics for Numerous Applications in Wireless System

In this paper, super-wideband antenna with reconfigurable characteristics for multiple wireless applications is investigated. Proposed antenna consists of guitar shape radiating patch and chamfered...

A Novel SWB Antenna with Triple Band-Notches Based on Elliptical Slot and Rectangular Split Ring Resonators

In this paper, a wideband antenna was designed for super-wideband (SWB) applications. The proposed antenna was fed with a rectangular tapered microstrip feed line, which operated over a SWB frequency range (1.42 GHz to 50 GHz). The antenna was implemented at a compact size with electrical dimensions of 0.16 λ × 0.27 λ × 0.0047 λ mm3, where λ was with respect to the lowest resonance frequency. The proposed antenna prototype was fabricated on a F4B substrate, which had a permittivity of 2.65 and 1 mm thickness. The SWB antenna exhibited an impedance bandwidth of 189% and a bandwidth ratio of 35.2:1. Additionally, the proposed antenna design exhibited three band notch characteristics that were necessary to eradicate interference from WLAN, WiMAX, and X bands in the SWB range. One notch was achieved by etching an elliptical split ring resonator (ESRR) in the radiator and the other two notches were achieved by placing rectangular split ring resonators close to the signal line. The first notch was tuned by incorporating a varactor diode into the ESRR. The prototype was experimentally validated with, with notch and without notch characteristics for SWB applications. The experimental results showed good agreement with simulated results.

Design Techniques of Super-Wideband Antenna–Existing and Future Prospective

With the recent advancement and phenomenal progress in the field of wireless communication technology, there is an ever increasing demand for high data rates and improved quality of service for the end users. In recent times various designs of super wideband antennas (SWB) fulfilling diverse objectives have been proposed for modern wireless networks. Design of compact and wideband antenna for high speed, high capacity, and secure wireless communications presents a challenging task for designers of fixed and mobile wireless communication systems. In this paper, a comprehensive review concerning antenna structures and the technologies adopted for design and analysis of SWB antennas for wireless application is reported. Comparative parameters in terms of electrical dimension, bandwidth, Fractional bandwidth (FB) and Bandwidth Dimension Ratio (BDR) are presented which introduces the researchers to the technical challenges in the design of a compact wideband antenna. This paper contributes to present existing novel approaches along with its adequacy in the design techniques. This review exercise will assist the researchers with valuable support for further research and to achieve better impedance matching, wide bandwidth, high gain and good efficiency along with well directive radiation characteristics.

Ground Defected Planar Super-wideband Antenna: A Suitable Transceiver for Short Distance Wireless Communication

A planar microstrip patch super-wideband antenna is presented for short distance wireless communication applications. The antenna is comprised of a simple patch and a ground plane and etched on two sides of a 1.6 mm-thick standard FR4 substrate material with a relative permittivity of 4.5 and loss tangent (0.02). The proposed antenna possesses a compact size of 29 × 20.5 mm2 with an electrical dimension of 0.25 λ × 0.18 λ. To enhance the operating bandwidth, the ground plane is modified by adding seven small rectangular slots on its upper side. Through numerical studies, it is found that insertion of the slots enhances the coupling between the patch and ground plane resulting in achievement of a super-wide operating band. From the measurements, it is observed that the fabricated prototype antenna has a bandwidth from 2.63 to more than 18 GHz, a symmetric omnidirectional radiation characteristic and the maximum peak gain of 5.85 dBi which makes it a suitable transceiver for short distance communication applications.

Octagonal Sierpinski band-notched super-wideband antenna with defected ground structure and symmetrical feeding

A microstrip line-fed octagonal Sierpinski super-wideband antenna is presented. It comprises a microstrip line-fed second-iterative fractal radiating patch and symmetric miniaturized defected ground plane. It has an operating bandwidth of 3.68–31.61 GHz with band rejection function for the frequency range of 7.86–11.08 GHz. The difference between the co-polar and cross-polar patterns is observed to decrease from 20 to 0 dB with increase in frequency. Omni- and bidirectional patterns are observed at lower frequencies, and distorted patterns at higher frequencies. The experimental and simulated results are observed to be in good agreement with each other. The designed antenna is superior to other SWB antenna structures in terms of its wide bandwidth, miniaturized dimensions, and band-notched characteristic.

Multi probes measurements at the PALS Facility Research Centre during high intense laser pulse interactions with various target materials

During the interaction of high intense laser pulse with solid target, a large amount of hot electrons is produced and a giant Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) is generated due to the current flowing into the system target–target holder, as well as due to the escaping charged particles in vacuum. EMP production for different target materials is investigated inside and outside the target chamber, using monopole antenna, super wide-band microstrip antenna and Moebius antenna. The EMP consists in a fast transient magnetic field lasting hundreds of nanosecond with frequencies ranging from MHz to tens of GHz. Measurements of magnetic field and return target current in the range of kA were carried out by an inductive target probe (Cikhardt J. et al. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85 (2014) 103507).

Asymmetrically fed octagonal Sierpinski band-notched super-wideband antenna

A compact microstrip-line-fed octagonal Sierpinski band-notched super-wideband (SWB) fractal antenna is presented. It comprises an asymmetrical feedline and rectangular ground plane loaded with a single rectangular notch. An impedance bandwidth of 3.87---35 GHz with band rejection for 7.24---11.11 GHz is achieved by using the second iteration of an octagonal Sierpinski radiator geometry. The band rejection function is an inherit property of the designed antenna geometry. The designed antenna has a footprint of $$25\times 19\hbox { mm}^{2}$$25×19mm2. In the notched band, a high ($$\ge 4$$?4) voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is observed. Stable radiation patterns are achieved in the operating bands. The designed antenna structure has advantages of wide bandwidth and miniaturized dimensions compared with other SWB antenna structures, along with its band-notch characteristic.

Compact super wideband patch antenna design using diversities of reactive loaded technique

ABSTRACTCompact super wideband (SWB) patch antenna using diversities of reactive loaded technique is presented in this paper. The antenna is consists of two U‐slots in the radiating patch with two inverted U‐slot and a triangular slit on the ground plane. By having those structures, a super wide operating bandwidth is produced from 2.43 GHz to 32.93 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 172.5%. Moreover, while only having a compact dimension of 25 × 26 mm2, the proposed antenna still can produced an acceptable gain from 2.73 dBi to 7.35 dBi over the frequency range. This compact SWB antenna is very potential to be used for SWB applications because it provides sufficient impedance bandwidth, high gain and stable radiation pattern that are near omni‐directional pattern. The performance of the proposed antenna is observed and analyzed comprehensively in this letter. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2811–2814, 2016

Super-wideband and compact omnidirectional antenna with simple structure and improved radiation properties

A super-wideband (SWB) omnidirectional antenna is reported in Lau et al. in 2005 and 2008, but the antenna structure was complex and the radiation properties were unsatisfactory. In this paper, a SWB omnidirectional antenna with simple structure and improved radiation properties is presented. The antenna just consists of a two-stage inverted cone and two shorting pins. The proposed two-stage cone can improve the impedance matching in super-wide bandwidth, and the optimized shorting pins can reduce the cut-off frequency more than 50%. The calculated and measured results are investigated to confirm the antenna performances. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna for voltage standing wave ratio ≤ 2 achieves more than 1:22.1, covering 0.905 GHz to the above band. The smaller sizes than those referred by Lau et al. in 2008 are obtained. The profile of the antenna is 0.078λc, and the diameter of the radiation body is 0.217λc (λc is the wavelength of the cut-off frequency of the antenna). In addition, the radiation properties of the kind of SWB omnidirectional antenna are improved obviously. In the whole band, the ripple levels in horizontal radiation patterns are not more than 6.6 dB, and the cross-polarized levels are reduced by 9 dB.