Sungai Apit Research Articles

Antibacterial activity of Nypa fruticans leaf extract to Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas acruginosa and Escherichia coli

This study was carried out to analyze the group of secondary metabolites of leaf extract of Nypa fruticans which can be bioactive compounds to pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. It was carried out from March to April 2021, and samples were collected from Mengkapan Village, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. The method used in this study was experimental, using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 1 factor (leaf extract concentration) with 4 treatment levels, namely 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%, paired with negative and positive control with 3 replications. The bioactive substances were extracted by using ethanol solvent. The effectiveness of antibacterial substances was measured using the paper disc diffusion agar method. The phytochemical analysis released that leaf extract contained alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids. The extract inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria A. hydrophila, and P. aeruginosa very strongly (inhibition zone >20 mm), with inhibition diameters ranging from18.56-26.16 mm and 21.00-28.10 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, for E. coli, the inhibitory zone was weak (< 5 mm), in which the diameter of inhibition ranged from 2.80-6.46 mm.

Ka Bakau: Ekowisata Mangrove Berbasis Pengetahuan Lokal

This study discussed mangrove ecotourism based on Sanak Sedagho, namely ecotourism management based on local wisdom. The management of sanak sedagho is novelty finding in the management of mangrove ecosystems. The mangrove ecotourism in Sungai Apit Sub-district is not active, while the Mangrove Sungai Bersejarah (MSB) Ecotourism still survives, it is still visited and as meeting place at the sub-district and district levels. This study is an ethnographic, where the researcher lived for two months in Sungai Ara Permai Village. The data were taken through library studies, internet, observation, participation observation, informal discussion and in-depth interviews. The main informants in this study are the initiators and managers of MSB Ecotourism and other informants who are community members and workers in MSB Ecotourism. This study found that the management of ecotourism based on local wisdom, in this case the sanak sedagho, is the key to the success of MSB Ecotourism being able survived even in the era of the covid 19 pandemic. This study contributes to the field of economic anthropology, especially in ecotourism management.

Mitigation Strategy for Fishermen’s Households as a Result of Covid-19 Pandemic Social Engineering in Sungai Kayu Ara Village

Covid-19 had a major impact on people’s lives, including the fishing community. Mitigation strategies are needed in order to reduce the impact of Covid-19. This research was conducted in March 2021 at Sungai Kayu Village. This village is one of the coastal villages located in Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. The purpose of this study is to identify structural and non-structural mitigation and analyze the mitigation strategies carried out by fishing households in Sungai Kayu Ara Village. The method used in this study using the Survey Method. The population was fishing households totaling 48 households. The technique of determining the respondents is by census, which takes all the population as respondents. Data was collected by means of observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, literature studies, and online searching of data and information. The data that used: qualitative descriptive analysis and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Structural and non-structural Covid-19 mitigation in Sungai Kayu Ara Village, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency is more focused on implementing government policies stipulated by the Regent’s regulation on handling infectious diseases and the Regent’s regulation on the application of administrative sanctions for the enforcement of health protocols in handling infectious diseases. Mitigation strategies for fishermen households in Sungai Kayu Ara Village, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency due to the main social engineering of the covid-19 pandemic are: Selling fish caught by fishermen online, receiving protection fund and empowering fishermen, owning a plantation business (alternative business), receiving social assistance and have saving and emergency fund.

Strategi pengelolaan hutan mangrove Kampung Kayu Ara Permai Kecamatan Sungai Apit Kabupaten Siak

Mangrove forest management is an effort to protect mangrove forests into conservation forest areas. This study aims to (1) analyze internal and external factors that influence mangrove forest management and (2) mangrove forest management strategies in Kayu Ara Permai Village, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency. The research was conducted using qualitative research with descriptive research methods. The data collected consisted of primary and secondary data and were analyzed using the SWOT analysis approach (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat). The results of the study showed a strategy in mangrove forest management in Kampung Kayu Ara Permai, namely encouraging community participation in mangrove forest management, capacity building Human resources both for the community and the Laskar Mandiri Conservation group. Development of mangrove ecotourism in Kampung Kayu Ara Permai Encouraging mangrove forest management to become Social Forestry with the Community Forestry scheme

Sustainable Tourism Development in Sungai Apit District Riau Province: Mangrove Ecotourism Factors

One of the efforts to overcome the problem of environmental damage in the mangrove forest ecosystem is the management of mangrove ecotourism. The concept of mangrove ecotourism is a responsible trip to mangrove forest areas for mangrove forest conservation efforts and improving community welfare. This study aims to examine sustainable tourism development in Sungai Apit District Riau Province: mangrove ecotourism factors. The method used in this research is a survey method, which was determined at 4 (four) research locations, namely Mengkapan Village (Station I), Sungai Kayu Ara Village (Station II), Kayu Ara Permai Village (Station III) and Tanjung Kuras Village (Station IV). Each research station consists of three sampling points for measuring the quality of coastal waters. It is obtained an overview of environmental factors that support the growth of mangrove forests. Research activities have been carried out in April-November 2020. The results showed that the mangrove forest ecosystem in the Sungai Apit District Suitable (S2) to be developed as a mangrove ecotourism area with an average IKW value of Station I was 75.39%; Station II of 76.71%; Station III is 78.82% and Station IV is 76.32%. The potential and attractiveness of mangrove ecotourism in Sungai Apit District has been developed by the Siak Regency government. The strategy for developing mangrove ecotourism in Sungai Apit District based on SWOT analysis and interviews is to prioritize the W-O strategy which consists of: 1) Increasing the participation of stakeholders in the management of mangrove ecotourism; 2). Promote effective ecotourism promotion, information and market activities; 3) Improve coordination between stakeholders properly and 4) Improve the quality of human resources through training and education activities.

SEKELUMIT MANGROVE DI SIRING MALAKA REKOMENDASI PENGELOLAAN BERKELANJUTAN A Little Bit The Mangroves In The Mallaca Ditch Sustainable Management Recommendations

A place in the corner of the Malacca Strait, precisely in Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency, the coastal area of Riau Province, has a role as the transportation routes that connect Bengkalis, Pekanbaru and Batam, as well as ships transit point in Malacca Strait. The area has a very small mangrove cover area but has many local communities who manage mangroves independently, in the midst of dense industrial operations in the area, especially with the Tanjung Buton area which is a development area of a national strategic project. The developments carried out in that place must be carried out in a sustainably, namely balanced in ecological, economic and socio-cultural aspects. Research in that place always discusses only one aspect of the three, moreover what is currently rife is ecotourism, so many researchers have explored the wealth of natural tourism and not a few have discussed its economic benefits. This study aims to analyse these three aspects to produce recommendations for sustainable mangrove management strategies. This research was conducted in 2019-2020 in a descriptive quantitative manner using the Rapid Appraisal method which collaborates the use of several modern technology instruments including remote sensing, transect mapping, and Monte Carlo analysis. The management strategy resulted from a layered analysis that is generally found in separate studies. The results of this study show that the level of sustainability of mangrove ecosystem management in Sungai Apit District is less sustainable. The ecological condition is classified as less sustainable, the economic condition is classified as quite sustainable, while the socio-cultural conditions are classified as unsustainable. The mangrove ecosystem management strategy from this research is the "SO Strategy", that uses Strength to take advantage of Opportunities. The strategy includes increasing wildlife observations as part of educational objects and attractions, as part of the mangrove ecotourism, and development of new ecotourism areas or of existing ecotourism areas by local wisdom concept. Strategy implementation should involve stakeholders and local communities as well as new concept development.

Epipelic Diatom Community Structure in the Intertidal Zone Mengkapan Waters, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency

This research was conducted in December 2020 in Mengkapan Waters, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency. The aims of this research was to analyze the composition, abundance, diversity index, uniformity index, and dominance index of epipelic diatom species in the intertidal zone. The method used is a survey method and the determination of the sampling location by purposive sampling based on anthropogenic activities around the waters. The water quality measured in this study were brightness, temperature, current velocity, salinity, pH, nitrate, and phosphate. Based on the research results, there are 19 species epipelic diatoms found in Mengkapan Waters, namely Coscinodiscus sp., Navicula sp., Gyrosigma sp., Thalassiosira sp., Pleurosigma sp., Synedra sp., Pinnularia sp., Surirella sp., Nitzchia sp., Triceratium sp., Melosira sp., Skeletonema sp., Stephanodiscus sp., Oscillatoria sp., Cocconeis sp., Epithemia sp., Diadesmis sp., Cymbella sp., and Amphipleura sp. The average value of abundance ranged from 29,245.37 – 35,744.33 ind/cm2, the diversity index value ranged from 2.5909 to 2.8014, the uniformity index value ranged from 0.6736 – 0.7755, and the dominance index ranged from 0.1684 - 0.2064. Based on one-way Anova test, concluded that abundance of epipelic diatoms between each stations weren’t significant.

Floristic composition and stand structure of mangrove forests with varying vegetation conditions in Sungai Apit, Siak, Riau, Indonesia

Abstract. Fatonah, Hamidy R, Mulyadi A, Efriyeldi. 2021. Floristic composition and stand structure of mangrove forests with varying vegetation conditions in Sungai Apit, Siak, Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3972-3983. Mangrove forest in Sungai Apit Sub-district, Siak District, Riau is one of mangrove ecosystems that is still partly natural with some parts being damaged or rehabilitated. Degraded mangrove forest is a mangrove forest that has been disturbed by human activities and natural factors. This study aimed to investigate the floristic composition and stand structure of trees and seedlings in mangrove forests in Sungai Apit, Siak District, Riau Province, Indonesia in three vegetation conditions, i.e., natural, degraded, and rehabilitated forests. Line Transect Plot Method was used to collect data in three stations (i.e., Rawa Mekar Jaya, Sungai Rawa and Mengkapan villages) where each station consisted of three transects with a size of 10 x 100 m. A total of 20 species belonging 11 families were recorded in the studied sites with Rhizophora apiculata was the most dominant species in all forest conditions. The natural forest had the highest number of species followed by rehabilitated forest and the degraded forest. Stand structure in terms of tree density, mean diameter of mangrove trunks, and basal area differed significantly across the three vegetation conditions with the natural forest had the highest values followed by the rehabilitated forest, while the degraded forest was the lowest. For the seedling, the lowest number of species was observed in the degraded forest while the highest was in the rehabilitated forest, indicating the result of rehabilitation activities. Yet, seedling density in natural forests was lower than that in rehabilitated and degraded forests. This study provides information that differences in structure, species composition and recruitment of seedlings in mangrove forests in the three conditions and locations can be related to differences in recovery time and degradation levels which may be important for developing mangrove forest management and conservation strategies.

ANALYSIS OF LAND COVER CHANGES IN MANGROVE VEGETATION USING LANDSAT IMAGE DATA IN COASTAL, SUNGAI APIT DISTRICT, SIAK REGENCY, RIAU PROVINCE

This research was conducted in March-April 2021 in the Coastal District of Sungai Apit, Siak Regency, Riau Province. The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in the land cover area of ​​mangrove vegetation and mangrove vegetation index in Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. The method used in this study is a survey method with the interpretation of Landsat image data recorded in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020. The results of the study obtained that mangrove forests with the highest area were in 2000 with an area of ​​mangrove vegetation reaching 7990,586 ha and there was a decline with the lowest number in 2015 with a vegetation area of ​​486,43 ha and in 2020 the mangrove vegetation area of ​​497,511 ha. Overall as much as 79% of the mangrove forest area has been damaged and changed its function within a period of 20 years. The NDVI value in Sungai Apit District is moderate with a value of 0,3-0,5, the category of meeting with a value of 0,5-0,6, and the very dense category of 0,6-0,8

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN HUTAN MANGROVE DI KAMPUNG RAWA MEKAR JAYA KECAMATAN SUNGAI APIT KABUPATEN SIAK

Mangrove forest have a diversity of potential benefits for human life, so they need to be maintained so that their utilization can be sustainable. The surrounding community must be the main actor in the management of mangrove forests so that the benefits can be felt directly by the community. This study aims to determine the level and form of community participation in the management of Mangrove Forests in Rawa Mekar Jaya Village, Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency. Data were collected through observation, closed interviews with 73 respondents, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively and processed with percentage techniques. The results showed that 69.87% of respondents had a low level of participation in all stages of mangrove forest management because management tended to be exclusively carried out by the Rumah Alam Bakau Tourism Conscious Group. 71.23% of respondents has a low level of participation at the decision making stage, implementation stage, and evaluation stage. 72.60% of respondents has a low participation rate at the stage of enjoying the results. Respondents who participated highly at every stage of management were those who joined the Rumah Alam Bakau Tourism Conscious Group. Forms of community participation in the management of mangrove forests are contributions of ideas / thoughts, energy, skills, and goods (property).

An Analytical Study on the Fishing Communities Adaptation to the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Sungai Apit District

This study aimed to analyze the adaptation patterns of fishing communities in dealing with the impact of COVID-19 pandemic in Sungai Apit District. The methods used in this study include a survey method, observations and interviews with fishing communities at the research location. This research is based on qualitative and quantitative approaches by adopting a multi-criteria analysis. The analysis of the form of adaptation was carried out using three indicators, i.e., health, economic, and socio-cultural variables. This study found that the adaptation patterns of the fishing communities are adopting healthy lifestyles, which is in the first rank with a score of 0.223, followed by restrictions on gathering activities in the second rank with a score of 0.168, and not participating in community activities in the third rank with a score of 0.121.

Economic Valuation of Mangrove Ecosystem Services in Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia

The mangrove ecosystem is one of the ecosystems that has high productivity in coastal and marine areas, especially in supporting the productivity of fishery resources. This is due to the function of the mangrove ecosystem as ecological and socio-economic. Therefore, to determine the high level of mangrove utilization in the coastal area of Siak Regency, an economic assessment of mangrove ecosystem services is necessary. This research aimed to study quantified mangrove ecosystem services in Siak Regency, Indonesia. Methods for data collection included field survey and interview, performed between July - August 2020. The economic value assessment comprised valuation on following service groups, i.e. supporting, provisioning, regulating and cultural services. The results showed that the economic value obtained from all studied services reached IDR 29,180,852,208 per year, IDR 24,747,680,000 per year, IDR 90,291,590,933 per year and IDR 9,245,925,366 per year, respectively. In conclusion, a total amount of economic value for mangrove ecosystem services in Sungai Apit District, Siak Regency was IDR 153,466,048,507,014 per year, which was equivalent to IDR 300,090,044,0 per hectare per year.

Social behavior and institutional support on the swamp rice sustainability

Social behavior of the community and the institutions that support farming facilities and infrastructure affect the success of farming. The purpose of this study was to describe the behavior and institutional support for the success of rice farming in the tidal swamps of Riau Province. The study was conducted at the rice production center in Siak Regency using a survey method with a structured questionnaire. A total of 203 farmers were purposively selected as random samples in four districts, namely Bunga Raya, Sungai Apit, Sabak Auh and Sungai Mandau. The observation parameters were education, training, age, motivation farming, land tenure and experience in agriculture. The collected data tabulated and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that agriculture in Bunga Raya was more sustainable compared to other sub-districts with index value of social and cultural dimensions (> 50%) and the value of the legal and institutional dimension sustainability index to be 53.9%. The factors that influence the sustainability of the swamp rice farming in Siak Regency were good farmer behavior (age, education, motivation, experienced and landowner status), the existence of supporting institutions peculiarly farming group and BPP that synergize well and government regulations in favor of agricultural development and their sustainability.

Penetapan Wilayah Adat dan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Desa Penyengat Kecamatan Sungai Apit Kabupaten Siak

The problem that occurs is how the indigenous people of swamps interpret the lack of management territory, the loss of livelihood resources and organize themselves to seize opportunities for management rights. The problem of customary land and indigenous peoples above, the researchers felt the need to study more deeply on the Determination of Indigenous Areas and Customary Law Communities in Penyengat Village, Sungai Apit Subdistrict, Siak Regency, Based on the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 52 of 2014 concerning Guidelines for the Recognition and Protection of Indigenous Peoples. This type of research is sociological, so the data source used is primary data from interviews, secondary data from libraries and tertiary data from dictionaries, media, and encyclopedias. Data collection techniques are done by observation, interviews, and literature review.

Ecological sustainability of rice farms in Siak District, Riau, Indonesia

Abstract. Yusuf R, Tang UM, Karnila R, Fuadi I, Pato U. 2020. Ecological sustainability of rice farms in Siak District, Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3797-3804. The research was conducted in Siak District, Riau Province, Indonesia from January to July 2018 in the four subdistricts of rice production centers. The purpose of this study was to identify the ecological conditions of rice farming, analyze the index and ecological sustainability status of lowland rice farming, and analyze the role of each ecological attribute that will have sensitivity to the management of wetland rice in the development of rice farming in the Siak District in the near future. There were 203 sample farmers selected by purposive sampling. Data collection was done by interview and field observation. The sustainability was analyzed using the Rap-Rice method with Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). The results of the Rap-Rice analysis of eight ecological attributes were analyzed; five attributes provided high sensitivity for Sungai Mandau, and three attributes provided high sensitivity for the subdistricts of Bunga Raya, Sabak Auh, and Sungai Apit. Attributes that provided high sensitivity for all subdistricts were attributes of land suitability with land use plans and land conversion rates. The average attributes of ownership of the farm area provided high sensitivity for only three subdistricts (Sabak Auh, Sungai Apit, Sungai Mandau). Based on ecological conditions, analysis of wetland rice farming in Siak District showed a sustainable category for Bunga Raya (56.10%), Sabak Auh (52.80%), and Sungai Mandau (54.90%) and less sustainability for Sungai Apit (48.80%).

Condition of Mangrove Ecosystems in Sungai Apit Siak Distric Based on Standard Damage Criteria and Quality Indicators Mangrove Environment

Mangroves are one of the ecosystems in coastal areas that have an important role, but nowadays many are experiencing threats. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of mangrove ecosystems in Kecamatan Sungai Apit seen from standard criteria for mangrove damage and the indicators of mangrove environmental quality (species association, tree cover, seedling cover and number of seedlings species). This research was conducted in April 2018 in Kecamatan Sungai Apit, Siak Distric. The method used in this research was survey method. Types and density of mangroves were observed at three stations (Desa Lalang, Desa Bunsur and Desa Sungai Rawa) using line transects and plots. The results showed that the condition of the mangrove ecosystem in the coastal area of Kecamatan Sungai Apit based on the standard criteria of damage (Minister of Environment No. 201 of 2004), seen from the group of trees classified as damaged to good with rare to dense criteria, but when combined with a group of sapling, the conditions mangroves in Kecamatan Sungai Apit were classified as good with very dense criteria. Mangrove conditions based on indicators of mangrove environmental quality in the three stations included in the category of high environmental conditions with successively Qe values (mangrove environmental conditions) were 67.96% (Desa’Lalang), 64.37% (Desa Bunsur) and 84.68% (Desa Sungai Rawa).

Density of Mangrove Snail (Telescopium telescopium) in the Mangroves Ecosystem of Mengkapan Village, Sungai Apit Subdistrict, Siak District, Riau Province

Mangrove snails (Telescopium telescopium) are found in the mangrove ecosystem. Telescopium telescopium has significant ecological and economical role in the mangrove ecosystem. This study aims to determine the density of mangrove snails in the mangrove ecosystem of Mengkapan village. This research was conducted in February 2018. There were 3 transect and there were 6 plots (1m x 1m). The snails were collected once/2 weeks, 3 time. Densities of the snail were studied. Results shown that in the density of the snail was 4.33–5.17 organisms/m2. The density of mangrove snail population in the mangrove ecosystem in the Mengkapan Village has no disturbance.

Analisis Keberlanjutan Dimensi Sosial Budaya Usahatani Padi Sawah di Kabupaten Siak Provinsi Riau

The study was conducted from January to July 2018 in four sub-districts (Bunga Raya, Sabak Auh, Sungai Apit and Sungai Mandau) in Siak Regency. The sample of farmers in this study were 203 people who were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection was done by interviewing techniques using questionnaires and field observations. The analysis of the sustainability of lowland rice farming was carried out based on the assessment of index and sustainability status using the Rap-Rice method in Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS). The purpose of this study was to analyze the index and the status of sustainability of the socio-cultural dimensions of wetland farming and analyze the role of each of the socio-cultural attributes that have sensitivity to the management of rice farming in the future. The results of Rap-Rice analysis of the seven socio-cultural attributes analyzed, two attributes provide sensitivity to the District (Bunga Raya, Sabak Auh and Sungai Mandau). Four attributes give sensitivity to Sungai Apit District. The attribute that gives sensitivity to all sub-districts is the attribute of attending training / counseling. Based on socio-cultural conditions, the analysis of wetland rice farming in Siak District showed a fairly sustainable category for Bunga Raya District (56.7%), Sabak Auh (50.80%) and Sungai Mandau (51.10%) while for Sungai Apit Subdistrict the value was obtained (47.70%) or less sustainable .

PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BRLAJAR KOMPETENSI PENGETAHUAN SISWA KELAS IV SD MUHAMMADIYAH SUNGAI APIT

The success full implementation of the 2013’s curriculum in superior learning activities in primary schools is determined by the role of the teacher. The goals from this research are to study the improvement of student learning outcomes before and after with the problem-based learning model. Classroom Action Research was employed in this study with descriptive analysis, conducted in 2 cycles. 17 students of the 4 th grade of SD Muhammadiyah Sungai Apit were involved as participants . The tools used to collect data in this study are observation sheets and tests of knowledge competency learning outcomes. Based or the results of the research obtained from increasing the scores of teacher and student activities. In the first cycle, teacher activity increased from 75% to 90% and in the second cycle changed the rate from 90% to 95%. While student activity increased from 70% to 85% of the second cycle of 85% of 95%. The average score of student learning outcomes also increased, in the first cycle increased by 12.50% and the second cycle increased again to 30.29% after approval of the action. The problem-based learning model is also increased. participants and able to make good cooperation between teachers with students and students with other students. This concludes that the problem-based learning model can improve the competency learning outcomes of 4th-grade students at SD Muhammadiyah Sungai Apit.

Pengembangan mata pencaharian alternatif bagi nelayan melalui kegiatan budidaya ikan dengan teknologi bioflok di Kampung Sungai Kayu Ara

Untuk meningkatkan pendapatan nelayan di Kampung Sungai Kayu Ara Kecamatan Sungai Apit Kabupaten Siak perlu diberikan mata pencaharian alternatif berupa budidaya ikan dengan menggunakan teknologi bioflok. Agar teknologi bioflok dapat diaplikasikan, maka masyarakat sasaran perlu diberi pengetahuan dan keterampilan melalui kegiatan penyuluhan. Kegiatan penyuluhan dilakukan untuk meningkatkan ilmu pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat sasaran sehingga mereka dapat mengaplikasikan budidaya ikan dengan teknologi bioflok. Pelaksanaan penyuluhan menggunakan metoda ceramah, diskusi dan demontrasi terhadap berbagai materi yang disajikan. Dari hasil kegiatan diketahui bahwa masyarakat sasaran terlihat antusias terhadap kegiatan yang dilaksanakan, peserta mulai mengerti dan paham terhadap materi yang disajikan dan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan peserta tentang budidaya ikan lele dengan teknologi bioflok antara 60-80%.