Sundanese Language Research Articles

NAMA-NAMA BATIK JAWA BARAT: KAJIAN KHREMATONIMIKA

Batik is one of the cultural works. Therefore, every batik has motifs. The motifs have names. In this paper, the names of batik motifs are examined by a Khrematonimika study. The research aims to describe the naming of batik found in West Java. These names of batik are closely related to the local wisdom of the Sundanese society. The study employs a descriptive-qualitative method. The purpose of this method is to make a systematic, factual, and accurate description or illustration of the data, characteristics, and relationships of the phenomena studied. The research model is ethnography, which aims to explain the naming of batik motifs and Sundanese culture holistically. The data used in this research are a lexicon of West Java batik motifs that is in Sundanese language or its local languages. The data were obtained from observation, literature study, interviews with batik craftsmen and entrepreneurs. The result shows that various batik motifs produced by the designers and craftsmen are named based on the local language and culture. The richness of these batik motifs reflects the richness of the local culture, history, and languages. Each batik center gives names to its works according to the world view, knowledge, perception, and language skills of the batik creators. In Sumedang, for example, they named the batik motifs Kuda Renggong (related to the performing arts in Sumedang) and Daun Boled (Sumedang produces sweet potatoes); in Indramayu, they name the batik motif Iwak Etong (related to a kind of fish produced in Indramayu); in Cimahi, they name the batik motif Reundeu (related a traditional village which staple food is sweet potato); in Majalengka, they name the batik motifs Kota Angin (related to Majalengka’s typical nature which often occurs storms) and Gedong Gincu (Majalengka is famous for their sweet mangoes); and in Cirebon, they name the batik motif Paksinaga Liman (related to their history); etc. These batik names are created from the lexemes of Sundanese and their local languages, such as the languages of Indramayu and Cirebon. The names of batik function to maintain the local languages.

Arabic lexicon in Sundanese language: An ethnolinguistic study on the pilgrimage ceremony of the indigenous people in Dukuh village

The fact that a large number of Arabic loanwords exist in Indonesian-type languages has been public knowledge; however, the number of studies about the types of Arabic lexical items, and their meaning shifts particularly in the Sundanese language is surprisingly scant. To occupy such an empirical void, the present study explores the use of Arabic lexicon in Sundanese language variety spoken by the indigenous people of the Dukuh Village in Cikelet District, Garut Regency, Indonesia. Embracing an ethnolinguistic lens, this study sought to specifically examine the use of their Arabic lexicon, lexical meanings, contextual meanings, and cultural phenomena surrounding the use. A corpus from daily spoken interactions involving ten informants and monologs from elderlies in the Dukuh community serves as the data to be qualitatively analyzed. The results demonstrate that the Arabic loanwords appear in a relatively significant amount of their Sundanese language, 7.37% of the total words in the corpus. Some of the Arabic lexicons retain their meanings identical to those in the source language. However, some have been contextualized so that their meanings somewhat deviated from those of the source language. The Arabic words are evidently found in three main cultural phenomena, i.e., ideas, activities, and artifacts.

Staying local in a global discourse: A study of comments on selected minifictions by a Sundanese woman writer in Fiksimini Basa Sunda Facebook Group

This paper examines the social meanings from interactions of a Facebook group which posts mini fictions in the Sundanese language. The examination was more specifically focused on comments for mini fiction posts written by a woman writer. Following the idea of locality as essentially ‘a situatedness’ (Ahmed, 2000), the study framed the interactions as locality and situated the locality as it intertwines and intersects with more global issues. The study began by selecting mini-fictions in the Sundanese language that received at least 100 comments from their readers. Interactions arising from comments about the selected texts were examined to situate the intertwine of locality in the texts and the more global responses in the comment sections. Selected interactions were then examined using a Hallidayan critical discourse analysis. Taking situatedness as the focus, the analysis indicates that interpersonal themes attracted comments where locality and globality are situated to construct irony where locality pales in the face of globality. Therefore, it seems that more efforts should be made to strategically situate locality in a more vantage point in the global world.

KINSHIP LEVEL BETWEEN JAVANESE AND SUNDANESE LANGUAGES IN MEDAN NORTH SUMATERA

ABSTRACT The aims of this study to determine the level of kinship. This study used a mixed method, employing 300 Swadesh vocabulary lists that have been modified to fit the Austronesian languages. The source of the data in this study is the informants who are the native speaker of Javanese and Sundanese language who live in Medan Tembung and Medan Timur, to pronounce the Javanese and Sundanese 300 Swadesh Vocabulary list.The Lexicostatistics approach was used to analyze the data. The result of data analysis revealed that there were 137 word pairs or 46% out of 300 swadesh vocabulary list. The kinship level of Javanese and Sundanese Languages is in of Family group.keywords must be written to describe the research scope observed, as well as the main terms undergirding the research

Translation of the Qur’an in Priangan: Bridging the gap between Arabic and Sundanese language

One way to understand the Qur’an is by translating the message using Pegon script and Nadhom media. One expert who uses the method to teach students is Ahmad Dimyati. The purpose of this research is to investigate Ahmad Dimyati’s works, and one of his works was the translation of the Qur’an using the Pegon script and Nadhom media in the context of Priangan, West Java, Indonesia. This research explores how the media aligns with the socio-cultural condition in which it becomes the crucial point of the research. This research belongs to both textual and field studies since it involves observation and documentation data from Ahmad Dimyati’s manuscript, and interviews with Kyai and Ustadz at Pondok Pesantren Sukamiskin, West Java, Indonesia. In addition, this research uses historical and hermeneutic approaches. The historical approach found that the selection of Pegon scripts and Nadhom media involved the segmentation of readers. At the same time, the hermeneutic approach is used to understand the contents of the text. The data obtained were analysed descriptively. This research found that the translation did not change the original meaning and can bridge the gap between Arabic and Sundanese languages so that the students can better understand the content of the quoted verses of the Qur’an. The selection of Nadhom as a media to translate the Qur’an is accurate as shown in its function that supports the achievement of the goal being revealed in the Qur’an. Thus, the use of Pegon script and Nadhom media to translate the Qur’an can bridge the gap between Arabic and Sundanese languages.Contribution: This research contributes to transferring the Qur’an translation into another language, making it easier for the reader to understand the content.

INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN BATAKNESE STUDENTS AND SUNDANESE STUDENTS AT PADJADJARAN UNIVERSITY

Intercultural communication is inevitable when entering the continuity of student life. Students from various ethnicities gather in one place to gain knowledge at the University. Padjadjaran University is one of the most popular universities in Indonesia. This study aims to determine how the intercultural communication between Sundanese and Batak ethnic students at Padjadjaran University. The theory used in this research is the process of intercultural communication and barriers to intercultural communication. This study uses a qualitative method. This study uses a phenomenological approach. The subjects in this study were 2 ethnic Sundanese students and 2 ethnic Sundanese students from Padjadjaran University and the object of this research was how the process of intercultural communication was and what were the barriers to intercultural communication. This study uses a collection technique, semi-structured in-depth interview. The results of this study show that intercultural communication of language is an important thing for the process of intercultural communication because the language itself is also an obstacle when conducting intercultural communication where students of ethnic Sundanese have difficulty regarding the Batak language on the other hand, ethnic Batak students have difficulties regarding the Sundanese language.

Adaptation Strategy to Speak Sundanese as Intercultural Communication In Padjadjaran University

Intercultural communication often occurs in student life. The diverse campus consists of multi-ethnic students. One of them is the existence of Padjadjaran University which is a campus thick with its motherhood and is an educational destination for students outside Bandung. The purpose of this study was to find out how non-Sundanese students adapted and used what strategies to speak Sundanese with Sundanese students at Padjadjaran University. The theory used for this study is the accommodation communication toeri. this research method is qualitative. This study used Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT). The subjects of this study were three students from Padjadjaran University and the object of the study was what strategy they used to speak Sundanese as intercultural communication. The data collection technique of this study used semi-structured in-depth interviews. The results of this study showed that the three students used convergence strategies in intercultural communication. This strategy emphasizes speakers to follow the local language because they feel they have something in common with the Sundanese identity, are willing to use the Sundanese language and learn to use their accents and tones, and have the same motivation, namely using the Sundanese language to adapt to the local culture.

Exploring the Local Language Students’ Foreign Language Anxiety in EFL Online Class: Students’ Genders and Speaking Performance

Students’ anxiety, speaking performance and their relation to genders have been investigated extensively in the EFL context and most participants are English students, but most of the studies with the same variables were conducted in an offline setting. Thus, the purpose of this research is to describe the anxiety levels of students who studied another language than English in learning English and to investigate the relationship between their anxiety and performance in English-speaking classes. By employing a quantitative approach, 32 male and 66 female Sundanese Language and Culture Study Program students whose anxiety levels were assessed using Horwitz et al.’s (1986) Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) participated voluntarily in the research. Because the data were normally distributed and homogenous, the obtained data were analyzed using parametric statistical tools; independent t-test and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The results imply that the majority of the participants’ anxiety levels were moderate, and there was no statistical difference in students’ anxiety levels between male and female students. Further exploration of the relationship between the anxiety levels of the students and their speaking performance was weak and negative (r = -0.12, p .68). Thus, the online and offline foreign language classroom settings do not seem to differentiate students’ anxiety levels for both male and female students.

THE REPRESENTATION OF SUNDANESE FOLKLORE NYI MAS SANGHYANG DEWI SRI IN THREE LANGUAGES

Folklore about Dewi Sri, the goddess of fertility in Indonesian culture has various versions. The version of the folklore used in this article is the Sundanese version “Nyi Mas Sanghyang Dewi Sri” collected in a research done by lecturers of Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran. The folklore is represented in a written text in Sundanese language as the source language text and from the text, it is represented in Indonesian language as the first target language text, then in English language as the second target language text. How the folklore is represented in three languages and what methods of translation are used in target language texts are the objectives of this research. The research method used is descriptive-comparative method. The results show that the folklore is represented in different ways; some additional information are added particularly in the English target text and the method of translation used in the two target languages is mostly communicative translation but in the second target language text, free translation is also found. Despite these differences, the message that needs to be conveyed about Nyi Mas Sanghyang Dewi Sri as the goddess of fertility remains the same in all texts.

Pengembangan Literasi dalam Buku Teks Panggelar Basa Sunda Untuk SMA/SMK/MAK Kelas XI


 
 This research was motivated by the discovery of literacy development contained in Sundanese language textbooks at the SMA/SMK/MA/MAK equivalent level. This literacy development is important to be studied further, so that it can be used as a model in the application of literacy development to students. Based on this background, this study aims to describe the development of literacy contained in the Panggelar Basa Sunda text book for students of SMA/SMK/MA/MAK class XI. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative by using literature study technique. The research data source is a Sundanese language textbook entitled Panggelar Basa Sunda pikeun SMA/SMK/MA/MAK students class XI 2013 revised 2017 curriculum, while the research data are 8 KD or 8 chapters contained in the contents of the textbook. After being analyzed, the textbook has criteria that are very feasible and easy to understand. The development of highly qualified literacy is able to support more competent, creative, productive resources and have high fighting values ​​in facing the era of globalization.

Keterbacaan Buku Teks Keterbacaan Buku Teks Bahasa Sunda Rancagé Diajar Kelas X Untuk SMA/SMK/MAK


 
 Determining textbooks in legibility relates to a sentence or text form which when read is easy to understand, understand and remember the intent and meaning of the text. Readability is all elements of reading that affect the success achieved by a group of readers with the material. In Sundanese language textbooks at the SMA/SMK/MA/MAK level and equivalent. The level of readability of the discourse will affect students' understanding of the content (material) presented in a book. The purpose of this research is to determine whether the textbook can be read or used effectively by students. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative by using literature study technique. The source of the research data is a Sundanese language textbook entitled Rancage Diajar Pikeun SMA/SMK/MA/MAK students grade X curriculum 2013 revision 2017. After being analyzed, the textbook has criteria that are very feasible and easy to understand.

Analisis Buku Teks Bahasa Sunda Kelas XI Antara KIKD Dengan Sajian Materi Dalam Kurikulum 2013 Revisi 2017 Untuk Kondisi Khusus


 
 This research is motivated by the suitability and incompatibility between the contents of the textbook and the curriculum. The purpose of this study was to analyze and describe the relevance of the material presented in the Rancage Diajar Sundanese Language (RDBS) textbook for SMA/SMK/MA/MAK class XI and KIKD, which consists of the relevance of the subject, the structure of the material, and the depth of the material. The method used for this research is a qualitative descriptive method using a checklist technique. The data source of this research is the RDBS textbook for SMA/SMK/MA/MAK class XI which consists of 8 chapters. The results of this study can be described as follows: first, the subjects in class XI are generally relevant and included in the good category, namely 96.90%. Second, the material structure in class XI is in the sufficient category, which is 71.80%. Third, the depth of material in XI is in the sufficient category, which is 68.75%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the relevance of the material presented in the Rancage Diajar Sundanese Language (RDBS) textbook for SMA/SMK/MA/MAK class XI and KIKD, with respect to the subject matter in the good category, the structure of the material in the sufficient category, and the depth of the material. into the sufficient category.

Madjlis Ahli Soennah Garoet: Local Islamic Puritanism Movement and Its Roles in West Java during the Colonialism Era of 1926 – 1942

This article discusses the local Islamic puritanism movement in Tatar Sunda (West Java), namely Madjlis Ahli Soennah (MAS) Garoet. At the beginning of the 20th century, Persatuan Islam (Islamic Union or PERSIS) largely focused on organization with A. Hassan Bandung as its central figure and neglected local organizations. However, local organizations, such as MAS Garoet, similarly have significant roles in spreading the puritanism ideas in West Java. This study employed a combination of library research and in-depth interviews with social-scientific history to describe the MAS Garoet organization and its efforts to spread the puritanism ideas in West Java. This study aims to reveal the relationship between MAS Garoet and PERSIS because both had a similar ideology. It shows that MAS Garoet more effectively spread the Islamic puritanism ideas because most of its leading figures were native Sundanese who spoke Sundanese language fluently. PERSIS showed the opposite condition because the majority were non-Sundanese. Therefore, MAS Garoet served as an extension of PERSIS whose ideas were translated and spread to all areas of West Java.

A writing workshop model to enhance students’ skills in writing essays in Sundanese

Writing is difficult. Having a limited understanding on what to write or the fear of getting grammar or spelling errors is often a major problem for students when they are instructed to write something, be it an essay or an article. Such difficulties are respective for Sundanese language classes in West Java. The study reported in this paper aims to investigate a number of fundamental problems of writing in Sundanese classes at a Junior High School. The study seeks to address the problems in the area of teaching writing in Sundanese classes by providing a comprehensive picture of the practice of a writing workshop model in the selected class. The study is classroom action research taking place in a public Junior High School in West Java, specifically in a Sundanese language class. The participants of the study were 36 students of 9th grade (comprising 14 male students and 22 female students) in 2018-2019 academic years. There were 3 cycles involved in this action research implemented throughout a semester. The study revealed that the use of the writing workshop model in teaching writing in Sundanese could improve the students’ writing skills. The writing workshop model, which focused on personal analysis and peer-feedback in the essay writing process, facilitated 9th grade students in producing, evaluating, and presenting essays within their respective groups. A supportive social environment in groups allowed for students’ enjoyment in writing. This environment thus led students to be exposed to varied topics and linguistic expressions in multi-social contexts. This study suggests that there are potential benefits from implementing the writing workshop model in the practice of teaching writing. Therefore, language teachers are suggested that they should apply this model in their teaching of writing. Through this model, students will be more engaged in their writing classes and learn writing in more meaningful, fun, creative, and dialogic ways.

Realizing Gramsci’s Dream: A Case Study of Vernacular Sundanese Linguistic Contra-Hegemony

The need to promote egalitarianism and reduce the colonial influence in language drives civil society actors and organizations operating within the community to revive their vernacular language, replacing hierarchical standard language exist in their community for a long time. Gramsci’s and Lu Xun’s efforts to promote vernacular language in Italy and China at their times faced failure. Today, in the democratic and digital-dominated society of Indonesia, the same effort has been taken by Aing Tangerang Foundation. This civil organization tries to revive egalitarian Sundanese language against hierarchical Sundanese brought by colonialism. One of their efforts is to popularize the word “Aing”, which means “I” in Sundanese conversation. The word is considered harsh by the majority of Sundanese using hierarchical standards. However, in Tangerang Regency, it is part of their mother tongue. This paper reports on a case study of the vernacular Sundanese linguistic revival campaign taken by the Aing Tangerang Foundation and strategies, drivers, and barriers they faced while promoting their cause. The data is collected through in-depth interviews with three informants: one expert in Sundanese literature, one expert in Sundanese history, and one is the leader of said organization. The research method is qualitative-phenomenological hermeneutics. We use Gramsci's hegemonic theory to analyze and discuss the findings. The results are presented and discussed related to horizontal and vertical strategies; political, organizational, and technological drivers; and historical, psychological, sociological, and sociofacts barriers.

Pre-trained transformer-based language models for Sundanese

The Sundanese language has over 32 million speakers worldwide, but the language has reaped little to no benefits from the recent advances in natural language understanding. Like other low-resource languages, the only alternative is to fine-tune existing multilingual models. In this paper, we pre-trained three monolingual Transformer-based language models on Sundanese data. When evaluated on a downstream text classification task, we found that most of our monolingual models outperformed larger multilingual models despite the smaller overall pre-training data. In the subsequent analyses, our models benefited strongly from the Sundanese pre-training corpus size and do not exhibit socially biased behavior. We released our models for other researchers and practitioners to use.

Developing an assessment model to improve the Sundanese speaking skill of Indonesian middle school students

The study aims to develop an assessment model of Sundanese language speaking skills for junior high school students in West Java, Indonesia. This test model is expected to provide an effective assessment program, which includes contents, scope, delivery format, and time. A design-based research was adopted to produce a model of class-based Sundanese language and literature learning assessment via several tryouts, interviews, and expert judgment. Findings of this study show that the developed Sundanese Speaking Test Model (SSTM) fits the criteria of a good test in terms of clarity of instruction, clarity of test materials and assessment, use of communicative and standardized language, and use of correct varieties of spoken language. Statistical calculations of field tryout scores show that the assessment model was relevant to field data, indicating that the model is fit and worth using as an assessment instrument of Sundanese speaking skills of junior secondary school students as supported by theoretical concepts and expert judgment. Results of judgment by experts, users, and practitioners also show that the SSTM is reliable for use as an instrument for assessing students’ speaking skills at the middle school level.

MENANAMKAN NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT SUNDA KEPADA ANAK-ANAK “Kinderdorf” LEMBANG

Society develops dynamically in accordance with the times, as is the case in West Java, which currently has a heterogeneous society. Living in a heterogeneous environment requires speaking in a language that is equally understood between speakers, so it cannot be denied that the possibility of shifting Sundanese culture/language as the language of the Sundanese people cannot be denied. Children are the hope for the preservation of Sundanese language and culture, so that the Sundanese language/culture can continue to be inherited. Community service activities (PKM) carried out in "Kinderdorf" - Lembang with the theme "Instilling the Value of Local Wisdom in Children Through Reading Folklore", aims to introduce Sundanese culture to children in "Kinderdorf" and instill local wisdom in children -children through reading in the form of Sundanese folk stories and martial arts. The method used in the form of counseling the importance of local wisdom and simple Sundanese language training. The results obtained are that although the students live in an environment that communicates using Sundanese, most of the students there cannot speak Sundanese. The activities carried out have a positive impact on students, this can be seen by the enthusiasm shown when learning Sundanese interactively indirectly through silat gymnastics activities. The students can follow the instructions given by the trainer in Sundanese for every movement made

PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN WISATAWAN NUSANTARA KE CURUG LEUWI HEJO, BOGOR PADA ERA NEW NORMAL

Curug Leuwi Hejo is taken from the local Sundanese language which is Curug means waterfall, Leuwi means pond, while Hejo means green. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of service quality on the satisfaction of domestic tourists visiting Curug Leuwi Hejo, Bogor Regency in the new normal era. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with 100 respondents. The data collection techniques used by observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation, literature studies, and netnography. The data analysis technique used is mixed methods including qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of the research using the t test showed that partially the variables of tangible and empathy have a significant effect on the satisfaction of domestic tourists who visit Curug Leuwi Hejo, Bogor Regency in the new normal era. Meanwhile, the variable reliability, responsiveness, and assurance does not have a significant effect on the satisfaction of domestic tourists visiting Curug Leuwi Hejo, Bogor Regency in the new normal era. Based on the results of the F test showed that simultaneously service quality has a significant and positive effect on the satisfaction of domestic tourists visiting Curug Leuwi Hejo Bogor Regency in the new normal era with a coefficient of determination of 51%.

Implementasi Penyusunan Bahan Ajar Otentik Berbasis Media Sosial bagi Guru Bahasa Sunda di Kabupaten Pangandaran

This Community Service (PkM) is motivated by the lack of authentic learning media for Sundanese subjects. Types of media in learning Sundanese including factual, conceptual, principal, and procedural. Recently, it was difficult for teachers to implement the type of factual material. It was caused by unskilled factor on processing learning materials in the Curriculum 2013 Revised 2017 based on c ompetency basis and competency core (KIKD) of Mulok Sundanese Language with authentic materials in authentic learning. Based on the analysis of the situation that became the background of the problem, the purpose of this community services was to improve the skills of selecting and compiling authentic learning materials for Sundanese language teachers in Pangandaran Regency. The methods of this community services were hybrid learning with explanation, question and answer, and workshop techniques. The target is teachers as members Teacher Working Group (MGMP) of Sundanese language in junior high schools and senior high schools in Pangandaran Regency. The targets attended were 40 people at face to face meeting, and 260 people at online meeting. The meeting was located at Grand Mutiara Pangandaran Hotel hall. The materials presented including three topics i.e. 1) Social Media-Based Teaching Materials, 2) Digital Applications for Sundanese Language Learning, and 3) Evaluation of Authentic Learning. The results of this community services are 1) the targets gain knowledge on how to manage Sundanese language learning in the 21 st century by utilizing modern technology; 2) the targets have skills to select and compile authentic materials and their evaluation in accordance with c ompetency basis and competency core as well as the students needs at every level of education.