Summer Planting Research Articles

The Effect of Plant Density, Zinc Added to Phosphorus Fertilizer Sources and Location on Selected Yield Parameters of Soybean

Background: Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is an annual herbaceous leguminous grain crop which is cultivated mainly for its oil and protein. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of plant density and zinc added to phosphorus fertilizer sources on soybean yield performance under different environmental conditions. Methods: A field trial was executed in two sites during the 2018/19 and 2019/20 summer planting seasons. The experimental design involved a 2 × 2 × 5 factorial fitted into a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The experiment consisted of two plant densities, a lower plant density of 66 666 plants/ha and a higher plant density of 111 111 plants/ha. The five different types of fertilizer treatments were single superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulphate added to single superphosphate, zinc sulphate added to monoammonium phosphate and control. Result: The results showed that plant density has a significant effect (P less than 0.05) on soybean number of pods per plant and the field biomass yield. Soybean planted under lower plant density conditions produced a significantly larger number of pods per plant during both planting seasons, whereas higher plant density conditions resulted in a higher soybean field biomass yield during the 2018/19 planting season. It was observed that soybean treated with monoammonium phosphate had higher seed mass.

Possibilities of drip irrigation of vegetables in agricultural land of Uzbekistan

Reducing water consumption in crop irrigation in the world agriculture, studying soil moisture and water consumption by different irrigation methods, improving soil agrophysical properties and increasing productivity, as well as increasing the productivity of vegetable crops by various irrigation methods and improving phytosanitary conditions (weed and pest density, disease). Extensive research is being conducted to assess the level of one of the most pressing issues in agriculture is the development, improvement and widespread introduction of cost-effective irrigation methods in the spring and summer planting and care of vegetable crops in conditions of water scarcity.

Biofumigation: A Cover Crop Option 12 Months of the Year to Manage Three Soilborne Pathogens Ailing the Australian Vegetable Industry

Brassica biofumigant cover crops are being increasingly considered in vegetable crop rotations as part of an integrated disease management strategy and simply as a cover cropping choice. Nine biofumigant varieties were assessed to see if they could be grown year-round in the Lockyer Valley South East Queensland region, for yield, days to incorporation and glucosinolate concentrations, as well as efficacy against 3 soilborne pathogens; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Sclerotium rolfsii and Macrophomina phaseolina. The fastest growing brassica biofumigant was BQ Mulch which reached 25% flowering in 36 and 59 days from planting to incorporation with a summer and winter planting respectively. Nemcon and Nemclear took the longest to incorporation when planted in summer, 101 days and failed to flower, while Caliente, Tillage Radish and Biofum reached 25% flowering and incorporation in 98 days when planted in winter. BQ Mulch produced the least amount of biomass, 30.93 t/ha fresh weight and 2.92 t/ha dry weight with a summer planting. Biofum producing the greatest amount of biomass, 185.76 t/ha fresh weight and 17.34 t/ha dry weight with a summer and winter planting respectively. Most varieties produced more total glucosinolates during summer compared to winter. Caliente produced the highest levels of Total GSLs with 53.47 µmol/g DW in summer compared to 23.78 µmol/g DW in winter. This was reflected in their efficacy against the soilborne pathogens. Caliente and Mustclean were more efficacious at controlling Macrophomina and Sclerotinia in summer compared to winter while all varieties were more efficacious at controlling Sclerotinia with a summer planting compared to a winter planting.

Agroecological assessment of potato variety specimens in the conditions of the Astrakhan region

The article presents the results of the ecological test of 13 promising varieties of potato in a hot climate of the Astrakhan region. The analysis of the potato various samples productivity showed that under the spring planting period ten samples had the yielding capacity on 4.2-19.6 t/ha higher than the standard variety Impala (44.7 t/ha). High air temperatures during the summer planting period were the cause of the reduction in yield in almost all samples due to the decrease in the number and weight of tubers from one plant. The varietal specimen 10C-120-003 was able to produce a high yield under specific conditions of the region, which was on 2.4 t/ha higher compared to the same indicator in the spring planting period. The following specimens were distinguished by the starch content in potato tubers: Doka-2 and 10C-120-003 (19.2%), La Strada (18.4%), Flamingo (18.1%), Karmen (16.9%), 172/24 (16.3%), Real and 10C-135-015 (15.2%). The specimens Primabel, 802/17 and Baltic Rose have accumulated in tubers the largest amount of vitamin C, the surplus in relation to the standard was 0.1-0.3-0.6 mg% respectively. The cost-effectiveness analysis showed that cultivation of potato in the conditions of the Astrakhan region on drip irrigation conditions is profitable.

Enhanced Summer Planting Survival of Japanese Larch Container-Grown Seedlings

A previous study revealed low survival rates for Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) summer-planted seedlings grown in Hiko-V-120 containers. This study examines nursery practices that could potentially prevent deterioration of the seedling water balance after planting to improve the survival rate of this species, which has a low drought tolerance. During summer planting, we tested (1) drought hardening or high-potassium fertilization for two months before planting, (2) antitranspirant or topping treatment at planting, and (3) the use of the JFA-150 container with a larger capacity and lower growing density than the Hiko-V-120 container. Drought hardening increased seedling drought tolerance because of the low leaf:root ratio, due to lower leaf mass production, resulting in increased survival from 74% to 93% in Hiko-V-120 containers. When JFA-150 containers were used, the leaf:root ratio was lower because of higher root mass, resulting in an increase in survival to 87%, with the highest survival of 97% when combined with drought hardening. The application of antitranspirant increased survival to over 90%, whereas topping did not, probably because of severer competition from weeds. High-potassium fertilization did not affect seedling traits or survival. For better survival of summer-planted container-grown Japanese larch seedlings, it is recommended that they be grown in containers providing sufficient cell volume and density for root growth while the seedlings are in the nursery and that irrigation be withheld for two months before planting. In addition, to obtain higher survival, an antitranspirant can be applied at planting at a cost.

Strawberry Crown Plugs Provide Flexibility and Improved Performance in Cold Climate Plasticulture Production

Annual plasticulture strawberry production has not been adopted as rapidly in cold climate regions as has occurred in warmer production areas due to uncertainty about potential benefits. Recent trials have demonstrated the potential of regionally adapted varieties in the annual plasticulture system in cold regions, but optimal production practices have not been determined. Summer planting of short-day varieties in these areas would increase flexibility for growers, allowing additional cropping options and improved land use management. The performance of six short-day strawberry varieties (Chandler, Clancy, Jewel, Ovation, Seneca and Ventana) was examined in a series of four annual production trials using cold-stored bare-root crowns for spring planting or a new type of planting stock termed a ‘crown plug’ for two summer plantings. Procedures for producing crown plugs from cold-stored crowns are described. The crown plug summer plantings significantly outperformed the spring planted bare-root plants across all varieties. The July planting established using crown plugs had higher yield and higher mean berry weight across all six varieties compared to the May bare-root planting (623 g/plant—12.5 g mean fruit weight vs. 330 g/plant—10.6 g mean fruit weight, respectively). In the July planting, ‘Seneca’, ‘Ventana’ and ‘Jewel’ exceeded the mean yield per plant for the planting as a whole and the other three varieties also produced more than previously reported for the May planting established with bare-root plants. The August crown plug planting was less productive than the July planting (623 g/plant vs. 498 g/plant, respectively) but was still more productive than both spring plantings. No difference was observed between the April and May plantings across the six varieties. Utilizing crown plugs also reduced the duration of weed control measures needed, improved efficiency of setting plants and limited the need for blossom and runner removal in the field, thus demonstrating labor cost savings that can offset the cost of crown plug production while also producing higher overall yield and mean fruit weight in the varieties in the trial. The summer plantings established with crown plugs demonstrated improved survival through a second winter dormancy period but produced relatively poor yield and berry size in the second harvest season. Crown plugs provide flexibility and improved productivity for growers utilizing annual plasticulture production in cold climate regions.

Speed-Breeding System in Soybean: Integrating Off-Site Generation Advancement, Fresh Seeding, and Marker-Assisted Selection

Speed breeding by artificial control of photothermal conditions facilitates generation advancement but was limited in scale and cost. In this study, we demonstrated a cost-saving off-site summer nursery pattern, taking full advantage of shorter daylength and higher temperature with lower latitude compared to the origin of the soybean cultivars used in the study. This substantially reduced the generation cycles under totally natural conditions. Using this approach, two generations of soybean cultivars from Northeastern Spring Planting Region (NE) and Yellow-Huai-Hai Valleys Summer Planting Region (YHH) were successfully obtained in Beijing and Hainan, respectively, compared to one generation in origin. Fresh-seeding method was also used to further shorten the generation duration by 7–10 days, thereby allowing at least four generations per year. Using DNA markers to define haplotypes of maturity genes E1–E4, we proposed a model to predict the optimum adaptation region of the advanced generation lines. Taken together, we present a speed-breeding methodology combining off-site nursery, fresh-seeding method, and marker-assisted selection, aimed at accelerating soybean improvement.

Dormant Sprigging of Bermudagrass and Zoysiagrass

Many bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) and zoysiagrass (Zoysia sp.) cultivars are not available as seed and are commonly planted vegetatively using sprigs, especially for sod production or in sand-based systems. Sprig planting is typically done in late spring or early summer, but this can result in an extended grow-in period and delay the use of the turf in the first growing season. The objective of this study was to determine if sprigs of bermudagrass and zoysiagrass could be planted earlier in the year, during the dormancy phase, to hasten establishment. A field study was carried out in Fayetteville, AR, in 2014 and 2016 using ‘Tifway’ hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × Cynodon transvaalensis) and ‘Meyer’ zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica), and in Guangzhou, China, in 2015, using ‘Tifway’ hybrid bermudagrass and ‘Lanyin III’ zoysiagrass (Z. japonica). Sprigs were planted in March (dormant), May (spring) and July (summer) in Fayetteville, and in January (dormant), March (spring) and May (summer) in Guangzhou. Sprigging rates of 30, 60, and 90 m3·ha−1 were tested at both locations and across all planting dates. Bermudagrass was less affected by planting date, with dormant, spring or summer plantings effectively establishing full cover in the first growing season. Zoysiagrass that was sprigged in the dormant season was successfully established by the end of the first growing season while a full zoysiagrass cover was not achieved with either spring or summer plantings in Arkansas. Dormant sprigging reached full coverage as fast or faster than traditional spring or summer planting dates at both locations, indicating that bermudagrass and zoysiagrass establishment can be achieved earlier in the growing season using dormant sprigging methods.

The effect of nursery drought preconditioning on summer plantation performance of Pinus tabuliformis: high winter mortality mediated by trade off between seedling carbohydrate and field growth

The effect of nursery drought preconditioning on summer plantation performance of Pinus tabuliformis: high winter mortality mediated by trade off between seedling carbohydrate and field growth

The dark side of nursery photoperiod reduction on summer plantation performance of a temperate conifer: High winter mortality mediated by reduced seedling carbohydrate and nitrogen storage

Planting during summer is considered as a suitable option for forest plantations in regions with a temperate monsoon climate. However, seedlings planted early in the summer are not dormant and experience active growth, which makes them vulnerable to planting stress. The artificial reduction of the photoperiod in the nursery is used to harden seedlings of boreal and alpine tree species for summer planting. Little, however, is known about the effect of artificial reduction of photoperiod with respect to summer planting in temperate monsoon climate tree species.The objective of this study was to assess the effect of length and timing of photoperiod reduction on seedling morphology and physiology attributes in the nursery and on the field performance of Pinus tabuliformis. We applied four photoperiod treatments (6 h, 8 h, 10 h, control) in the nursery on four dates in the summer (June 23, July 3, July 13, and July 23). The nursery and field site were located near Beijing, Northern China. We measured seedling morphology and non-structural carbohydrates and nitrogen concentrations in the nursery and in the field. Additionally, we measured field mortality and plant growth for three years.The reduction of the photoperiod did not have any effect on bud set, but it reduced seedling growth and non-structural carbohydrate concentration, while increasing plant N concentration. A delay in the application of photoperiod treatments increased plant size and the proportion of seedlings that developed buds, and it decreased plant non-structural carbohydrates and nitrogen concentration. High field mortality was typically observed in the winter, and the early application of photoperiod treatments increased winter mortality but enhanced field growth. Mortality during the first winter was negatively related to plant non-structural carbohydrates and nitrogen concentrations at the beginning of the cold season. In contrast, photoperiod had no effect on outplanting mortality and a minor effect on field growth. Field growth in subsequent growing seasons was directly related to the size of the plant at the beginning of the first cold season. However, field growth during the growing season immediately after planting was negatively related to seedling size, and positively related to non-structural carbohydrates and nitrogen concentrations at planting.This study demonstrates that summer planting of container seedlings is feasible for P. tabuliformis, and there is no need to reduce the photoperiod in the nursery before outplanting. Optimizing the planting date during the summer appears to be critical for good mid-term growth and low winter mortality.

Effect of summer planting time on strawberry productivity and quality

Effect of summer planting time on strawberry productivity and quality

Studies on Certain Piercing-Sucking Insects Infesting Potato Plants and their Associated Predators in Dakhlia Governorate., Egypt

Field trials were conducted to study the dominant piercing-sucking insect species infesting potato plants in Dakahlia Governorate. The obtained results indicated that there were six piercing-sucking insects attacking potato plants and the dominant piercing-sucking insects were Myzus persicae (Sulker); Aphis gossypii Glover; Empouasca descipiens Polai. and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) during the two years of study. Data cleared that M. persicae and A. gossypii had one peak in each potato plantation and E. descipiens recorded two peaks in summer plantation, in the meanwhile three peaks in winter plantation during the two years of investigation. B. tabaci had three peaks in summer and winter plantation during the period of study. The obtained results revealed that there were four predators belonging to Family Coccinellidae namely: Hippodamia trideciapunctata L., Coccinella undecimpunctata L., Chilomenes propinqua isis (Mulsant) and Chilomenes propinqua nilotica(Mulsant), and one predator from family Chrysopidae, namely Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) was recorded. It can be stated that most dominant species were H. tridecimpunctata and C. undecimpunctata.

Planting season and date of harvest effect on biomass production and nitrogen contribution of Crotalaria juncea L. 'Tropic Sun' in southwestern

Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) is a fast-growing, multipurpose legume of high N2 fixation ability, and an option for use in improving the fertility of degraded tropical soils. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two planting seasons and three harvest dates on biomass yield (DMY) and N accumulation in the vegetative material of sunn hemp Tropic Sun'. Sunn hemp was seeded at the Lajas Agricultural Experimental Substation of the University of Puerto Rico in a Mollisol soil (San Antón Series) at a density of 7 kg/ha in May and October, and harvested at 84, 121, and 177 days after planting (DAP). The 177 DAP date proved to be not feasible because of previous senescence of the plants from the October planting; therefore, it was excluded from the analysis. Planting in May rather than October and harvesting at 121 DAP rather than 84 DAP resulted in higher DMY (kg/ha) (7,248 vs. 5,975 and 7,946 vs. 5,277, respectively). However, only the difference between planting seasons was significant (P < 0.05). The same tendencies were observed in N accumulation (kg/ha), means of 126.55 vs. 105.09 and 120.65 vs. 110.99, respectively, but without differences at P = 0.05. No interactions (P > 0.05) were detected between seasons of planting and date of harvest in these two dependent variables. Differences (P < 0.05) were found in N content of plant tissue, the upper canopy mean surpassing that of the lower canopy (2.12 vs. 1.00%). The highest crude protein content of 16.05% was found in the upper canopy for the May planting. These results suggest that sunn hemp has good potential as a cover crop and green manure in the Lajas region, and that summer planting is preferable.

Ecological Studies on Certain Lepidopterous Insects Attacking Potato Plants at Dakhlia Governorate

Experiments in the field conducted to evaluate population density and effect of and of five lipedoptereous insect species attacking potato plants during the two successive seasons 2017 – 2018 at Meniat El-Naser region Dakhlia Governorate. The results showed that Phathorimia operculella (Zeller) had four peaks in summer plantation and the highest peak was found in the first week of May, while in the winter plantation this insect recorded two peaks and the high peak was found during 4th week of October, during tested seasons 2017 and 2018. Data revealed that Euzophora osseatella Treitske characterized by two peaks in the two potato plantations. The results revealed that, Tuta absoluta Povolony had three peaks in each summer and winter potato plantations, respectively. The obtained data assured that Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) had three peaks in the summer and winter plantations and the highest peak were found during late of March, throughout summer plantation and in the winter plantation during 3rd week from September month. Three peaks during summer seasons plantation were recorded on Spodoptera exiguae (H) while in winter seasons plantation recorded two peaks during the two tested years. Population density during the tested successive years, data obtained of temperature degrees and relative humidity resulted that, the correlation degree differed from slightly positive or negative to highly significant positive.

МОДЕЛЬ НОРМИРОВАНИЯ ВОДОПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ И РАСЧЕТА ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИОННОГО РЕЖИМА ОРОШЕНИЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ КУЛЬТУР

Purpose: development of a current model of water consumption rationing and calculation of the corresponding rates and terms for agricultural crops irrigation under various hydrometeorological parameters. Materials and methods: the basis for the developed model is a series of field experiments conducted in 2012–2014, as well as analytical studies, the scheme of the experiment, soil and hydrometeorological characteristics, water balance dynamics, precipitation and total moisture supply of the irrigated massif, water consumption according to the development stages of summer planting potatoes were determined. Results and discussion: the model under consideration includes taking into account the water-physical properties of soil, the lowest moisture capacity and moisture reserves, setting critical limit for the irrigation regime, temperature and air humidity deficit, the duration of the growing and inter-irrigation periods, on the basis of which the water consumption of the selected crop is calculated according to the growth phase. Further, the irrigation regime is calculated: the irrigation rate and the difference in moisture reserves, which comparison with the critical limit allows to conclude on irrigation necessity or its prediction for the near future (up to five days) after which irrigation will be needed. A complex for differentiating the irrigation regime with the determining deficits and standards for the parameters under consideration is provided. Conclusions: the model of water consumption rationing, performed on the use of two hydrometeorological factors, taken into account the growth and development phases of the crop under consideration, makes it possible to substantiate the actual calculation of the corresponding norms and terms of agricultural crops irrigation. The model is stable and can be used in land reclamation practice as a part of general technological complex for agricultural crops cultivation on irrigated lands.

Processing of specific growth of various potato varieties under drip irrigation in Lower Volga region

The analysis of the state of the potato industry in the Lower Volga region is made. The heat and moisture supply and soil conditions of the region and their compliance with the biological characteristics of potato plants are estimated. The object of research is the planting of potatoes of promising varieties under drip irrigation. The aim of the research is the formation of water regimes of the soil and production processes of various varieties of potatoes during drip irrigation in years with different weather conditions for vegetation periods. The patterns of irrigation, water consumption and productivity of summer plantings of seed potatoes are established. The most productive studied variety is Zhuravinka of the Belarusian selection, planting of which forms the tuber yield from 36.07 to 43.10 t/ha, Roko of the Dutch selection with a yield of 32.86–41.13 t/ha and Golubizna of domestic selection with that of 33.06–39.81 t/ha of tubers.

Survey of The Main Pests Infesting Squash Plants and Its Relation with The Planting Dates at Assiut Governorate

Field experiments were conducted in Assiut Governorate during two successive seasons 2018 and 2019; to survey the phytophagous pests inhabiting squash plants, in addition, to study the relationship between the main pests namely; melon aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover); whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.); two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch; Onion thrips, Trhips tabaci (Lind.) and green leafhopper, Empoasca decipiens (Paoli) and its infestation of the winter, summer and nili squash plantations during 2018 and 2019 growing seasons. The results revealed clearly twenty species of phytophagous pests belonging to twelve families and seven orders inhibiting winter, summer, and nili squash plantations were encountered by using the plant samples method. Data also, revealed that the summer squash plantation received a higher average number with the aforementioned main pests, followed by nili and winter squash plantations; also, the whitefly, B. tabaci ranked first in the highest average number of individuals followed by a two-spotted spider mite, T. urticae; green leafhopper, E. decipiens; melon aphid, A. gossypii, and onion thrips, T. tabaci infestation to winter, summer and nili squash plantations during 2018 and 2019 growing seasons. It can be concluded that severe injury of the main pests; A. gossypii, B. tabaci, T. urticae, T. tabaci and E. decipiens to the squash plants can be avoided by using the winter plantation date followed by nili and summer plantation dates.

CROSSING AMONG SOME EGYPTIAN MELON LANDRACES FOR OBTAINING NEW HYBRIDS WITH GOOD YIELD AND QUALITY

This study was conducted during the period from 2012 to 2014 at Kaha vegetable research farm (KVRF), Qalubia Governorate to evaluate five melon landraces [Quena 2(1), BeniSwif 1(2), Fayoum(3), Ismailawi(4), Giza- Berkash 2(5) ] and diallel cross toproduce hybrids in the summer planting date . The results showed significant differences among the evaluated melon landraces and hybrids and revealed a wide range of variation for this trait. The two F1 hybrids (2x3 and 2x4) had the lowest significant number of days to flowering (i.e flowering earliness) across significant number of days to ripening in 2014 among the evaluated ecotypes was produced by the melon landraces and hybrids 1 , 3, 2 , and 1x4) without across over all evaluated melon landraces and hybrids The lowest significant differences among them.F1 hybrids (4x1, 4x2, 3x2 and 3x4)produced the highest significant total yield/ plant across all evaluated melon landraces and hybrids. In contrast, there were no significant differences among them with respect to total yield. In 2014, Three F1 hybrids (2x3, 5x1 and 4x5) produced the highest significant TSS value (13.5, 13.4 and 12.0%, respectively) across all evaluated entries. Besides, Hybrids 2x3, 5x3, 2x5 and 3x5 produced the highest significant values for netting but without significant differences among these three F1 hybrids. In brief, F1 hybrid (2x3) could be recommended as the best for several desired traits.

CROSSING AMONG SOME MELON INTRODUCED GENOTYPES FOR OBTAINING NEW HYBRIDS WITH BEST YIELD AND QUALITY

This study was conducted during the period from 2012 to 2014 at Kaha Vegetable Research Farm (KVRF), Qalubia governorate to evaluate six introduced genotypes of melon (PI 414723, PI 124111, PI 140471, PI 313970, PI 124112, PI 140417) and their diallel F1 hybrids in summer planting season. The results showed that the introduced genotype (1) and the hybrids 2x1 and 2x4 recorded the highest significant values for average plant length compared to the other introduced genotypes and the hybrids in summer season 2014 without significant differences between them 4x1, 5x3 and the hydride Primal produced the highest significant TSS values over all evaluated introduced genotypes and hybrids without significant differences between them. genotype 4 and hybrid 3x1 recorded the lowest significant TSS values, 6 The introduced genotypes and hybrids displayed the largest number of relevant fruits per plot (82) among all genotypes and hybrids introduced , but the lowest significant Fruits number per plot was found in 1x4 and 3x1. without significant differences between them. Mean while, the hybrid 4x5 produced the highest significant total yield per plant over all evaluated introduced genotypes and hybrids.

Ekim Zamanları ve Bor Uygulamalarının Çörekotu (Nigella sativa L.) Bitkisinin Agronomik ve Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışma çörekotu bitkisinde farklı ekim zamanı ve bor uygulamalarının agronomik ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme, Erciyes Üniversitesi Tarımsal Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi arazisinde bulunan deneme alanında 2019 yılında ‘’Tesadüf Bloklarında Bölünmüş Parseller Deneme Desenine’’ göre üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Çalışmada dört farklı ekim zamanı (25 Mart, 10 Nisan, 25 Nisan, 10 Mayıs) ve üç farklı bor dozu (Kontrol, 250, 500 ve 750 g da-1) denenmiştir. Hasat sonrası bitkide tarımsal özellikler olarak bitki boyu, bitkide kapsül sayısı, kapsülde tohum sayısı, bin tohum ağırlığı, tohum verimi, biyolojik verim ile kalite özellikleri olarak sabit yağ oran ve bileşenleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonunda bitki boyu 33.13-56.60 cm, tohum verimi 57.03-103.73 kg da-1, sabit yağ oranı % 11.94-19.34 ve bin tohum ağırlığı ise 2.46-2.70 g arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Ayrıca çörekotu bitkisinde 7 adet bileşen belirlenmiş olup, bunlardan linoleik asit major bileşen olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu bileşeni sırasıyla oleik ve palmitik asit izlemiştir. Çörekotu bitkisinde linoleik asit oranı % 56.83-60.82 arasında değişkenlik göstermiştir. Çalışma sonucunda en yüksek tohum veriminin elde edildiği 25 Nisan ekim tarihi Kayseri ekolojik koşullarında yazlık ekimlerde çörekotu yetiştiriciliği için uygun olduğu söylenebilir.