Sumedang District Research Articles

Validation of public stigma of tuberculosis scale during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Rasch model.

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major global health problem, and it has been particularly concerning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Non-compliance with anti-TB treatment increases the number of multidrug-resistant cases, causing ongoing transmission and increased morbidity and mortality. The main factors causing TB patients' non-compliance are stigma and lack of financial resources. Stigma harms patients and may cause them to delay seeking and adhering to treatment. Thus, it is important to measure the public stigma surrounding TB. However, few scales are available to measure this stigma as it developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study, therefore, aimed to develop and validate such a scale. Mixed methods were employed in this study, consisting of a qualitative phase using in-depth interviews with 26 community leaders and a descriptive quantitative survey of 37 people in the Sumedang District to validate the public stigma of tuberculosis scale during the COVID-19 pandemic. The qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and the quantitative data were analyzed using the Rasch model. The 21 items yielded by an initial qualitative analysis of the data gathered were validated using the RASCH model, yielding 17 valid items with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.95, person separation of 3.61, real root mean square deviation (RMSE) of 0.37, infit mean square (INFIT MNSQ) of > +1.25, differential item functioning (DIF) of 1.000, the raw variance of 52.4%, and an unexplained variance ranging from 3.4% to 6.9%. The scale developed to measure the public stigma surrounding TB during the COVID-19 pandemic is valid and reliable to measure stigma surrounding TB in the community, especially the pandemic. Further research is needed to apply the scale to bigger and broader populations to evaluate its measurement consistency.

PENGARUH KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KOMITMEN AFEKTIF TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB)

This study was conducted to determine the effect of job satisfaction on organizational citizenship behavior with affective commitment as a mediating variable in PAUD teachers in Sumedang District. Organization need to develop its human resources in a way that can build the high level of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB). Job satisfaction and affective commitment can became an important factor which affecting OCB. The aim of this study is to identify the mediating role of affective commitment in the relationship between job satisfaction and OCB. The samples were derived from a survey using 20 items questionnaire distributed to the 64 teachers of early childhood education in Kabupaten Sumedang. The bootstrap confidence interval used to measure the mediation. The analytical techniques used in this study will use Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis. The result revealed that there was a direct and indirect effect in the relation between job satisfaction and OCB. Since the interval did not contain zero in the equation, then the research found these relations was mediated by affective commitment. Affective commitment indeed contributes as mediator in the effect of job satisfaction on OCB.

Financial Feasibility Analysis of Arabica Powder Coffee in Drip Bag Packaging (Case Study of Berdikari Farmer Group, Sumedang District)

Arabica coffee powder in drip bag packaging is a new product innovation created to fulfill consumer desires and increase product sales. This study aims to analyze the financial feasibility of arabica coffee powder in drip bag packaging. Primary data was collected through direct observation and interviews while secondary data was collected from published scientific references. Financial analysis is carried out to obtain information on Production Costs (BP), Cost of Production (HPP), Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback Period (PBP). The results showed that natural processing of coffee beans with a production capacity of 84,143 drip bag packages per month and raw materials for green coffee beans with a moisture content of 30% - 40% resulted in a production cost of IDR 143,603,885.74 per month and HPP of IDR 1 .706.67 per drip bag. At a product selling price of IDR 2,500.00 per drip bag packaging, an NPV value of IDR 4,118,480,686 was obtained, a BCR of 1.44, an IRR of 36.00% and PBP occurred in the 3rd month.

AKSELERASI PEMBANGUNAN E-GOVERNMENT DI DAERAH: ANALISIS PRAKTIK BAIK PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN SUMEDANG

ICT is a challenge and opportunity for local governments in effort to realize excellent service for the people. This paper aims to analize e-government efforts and achievements of the Sumedang District Government, as well as analyze the specific factors that have driven a leap in e-government development in the region. The author uses data obtained through online observation of the official website www.sumedang.go.id, digital application trials, as well as regulations, policy documents, journals, reports, online sources and other relevant documents. The author concludes that Sumedang Regency e-government development has passed the interactive phase towards the transactional phase. The author concludes that Sumedang Regency e-government development has passed the interactive phase towards the transactional phase. The acceleration of e-government by the Government of Sumedang Regency is determined by several factors, namely the political commitment of regional leaders that underlies policies, e-government strategies, programs and activities, development of human resources for apparatus, and multi-stakeholder collaboration.

A Review of Sapodilla Beneficial Use, Production Status, and Propagation Technique

Manilkara zapota, commonly known as sapodilla, is one of tropical fruits, originating from Central and South America that is still less popular in Indonesia, as compared to banana, citrus, mango, etc. To gain its popularity, it is crucial to review beneficial uses, existing production status and propagation techniques of sapodilla. In general, sapodilla is used for either table fresh fruit. Additionally, it contains various bioactivities in its fruit, stem, and leaves, such as antioxidant, antimicrobe, and antitumor activity; thus, become very potential for pharmaceutical purposes. The existing production data of sapodilla determine the West Java Province as the biggest production area in Indonesia, with total contribution of about 21% or 38.250 tons. In more detail, the top production area at the village level with a local sapodilla cultivar, namely Sukatali sapodilla, is found in Sukatali Village in Situraja Subdistrict, Sumedang District, West Java Province. Sapodilla can be propagated by using both reproductive and vegetative methods. Vegetative propagation of grafting is commonly used to produce shorter juvenile and uniform seedlings. However, it is highly dependent upon the grafting type, grafting season, and scion diameter. The modified cleft grafting is the best grafting type rather than cleft and veneer grafting. Several rootstocks that are commonly used for sapodilla seedling are Chrysophyllum lanceolatum and Manilkara hexandra. June-July is the best period to having grafting. The scion with a diameter of 5.02 mm is recommended due to adequate food reserves for recovery growth.

Kajian Etnobotani Tanaman Hanjuang (Cordyline fruticosa) pada Wawatjan Babad Sumedang

Wawatjan Babad Sumedang is one of the ancient texts telling about the struggle of Prabu Geusan Ulun in defending and taking responsibility for Sumedang from the Cirebon attack as a result of the love between him and Harisbaya, the empress of Cirebon. In one part of this chronicle, the Hanjuang was planted by a character named Embah Djaja Perkosa. It is the background for the study of the manuscript from an ethnobotanical perspective. This study uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and literature studies. Interviews were conducted in a semi-structured and snowball-sampling manner with community leaders. Furthermore, observation was carried out by visiting the Hanjuang Kutamaya complex in Padasuka Village, North Sumedang District, Sumedang Regency, West Java. While the literature study was performed on related references, especially the Wawatjan Babad Sumedang Manuscript. Hanjuang is mentioned in the text in verses 148, 149, 171, and 172. Hanjuang itself is a <em>siloka</em> of "<em>hayu urang berjuang</em>" or "let's fight" . In the written text, the word <em>ngalakai</em> is a sign that the Hanjuang needs an appropriate environment to live in. This suitable environment is filled with the flourishing of Kutamaya thanks to the existence of the river there. In addition, the process of planting Hanjuang in the events in the script is done by stem cuttings. However, the Hanjuang side as an indicator has not been resolved in this study, so further research is needed on this matter

Antecedents of the Digitization of Small and Medium Enterprises: Case in Sumedang Indonesia

This study aims to analyse digital readiness of SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises), especially in Sumedang district, as well as what factors must be optimized for SMEs to be able to adopt the development of digitalization. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used simultaneously in this research. Questionnaires were distributed offline and online through exhibitions, communities, community service activities, and social media. However, the data has been collected and valid is 182 data. As for calculating the level of digitization, it was adapted from the calculations carried out by previous researchThe results of data processing show that level of digital readiness of SMEs in Sumedang is still low, it’s at level 1 (Digital outsider). The results showed that from 5 variables: people, strategy, process, integration, and technology, the majority of SMEs in Sumedang were more prepared in terms of process and integration. The findings of this study indicate various parties who support development of SMEs towards digitalization must pay attention to readiness of SMEs and optimize assistance and/or training on aspects that hinder the adoption of digitalization such as lack of knowledge about service providers and technology, increase collaborating, etc.

Local knowledge of the Sundanese community on traditional foods to enhance the family food security

Sundanese people in rural West Java have a rich the local knowledge on a variety of traditional foods. However, studies on the local knowledge of Sundanese rural communities on the variety of traditional foods are still rare. The objective of this article is to elucidate the local knowledge of Cijambu Village community, Tanjungsari Sub-district, Sumedang District, West Java, on the traditional foods. The method used in this study was qualitative with Gastronomic Ethnobiological approach. It may be defined as the study of the complex interactions between human societies, food, and their environment. The result of study showed that there are at least 26 types of traditional foods that are usually created by the local community of Cijambu Village. The producing of a variety of traditional foods is based on local knowledge of the rural people as a result of inheritance from one generation to another. The basic ingredients for creating a variety of traditional foods are mainly used various plants that are produced from village agroecosystem. At least 39 species of plants representing 21 families are predominantly used to create 26 types of traditional food of Cijambu village community. Almost all of those plants are obtained from the production of various village agroecosystems of Cijambu, including homegarden, upland field, and wet-rice fields. The existence of a variety of traditional foods in rural areas, in addition to maintaining the identity of the village traditional food cultures, is also important to support food security in rural areas.

Analysis of the Impact of Financial Technology and Financial Literacy on MSME Business Sustainability

The purpose of this study is to investigate, from a monetary point of view, how the adoption of technology and increased levels of financial literacy affect the continued viability of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises. In this study, a quantitative methodology is utilized by selecting a sample of 42 culinary MSMEs located in the Sumedang district. The data that were collected were examined utilizing approaches that involved multiple regressions. According to the findings of the study, the application of technology as well as an understanding of financial concepts has a materially beneficial effect on the long-term viability of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSME). Technology may be of assistance to micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in enhancing their levels of efficiency and production, while financial literacy may be of assistance in fostering improved levels of financial management and improved decision-making. This sends a message to the government in its role as a regulator, to academics in their role as educators, to the business sector in its role as a catalyst, and to the community in its role as a driver to promote and grow financial literacy and fintech for MSMEs in Sumedang Regency.

Hospital Readiness in Implementing Phase One Global Budget Trial in Sumedang District

BPJS Kesehatan initiated an operational study on the implementation of the INA-CBGs and Global Budget mixed- method hospital payment system. Since 2018, trials have been carried out in 5 districts and 30 hospitals. In contrast to the INA-CBGS system, the Global budget is a method of hospital funding paid in advance by BPJS Kesehatan for all services/activities for one year that in its calculation it will consider the number of services in the previous year, upcoming activities to be carried out, and hospital performance. The trial will carry out in three stages, namely the Non-Risk Global Budget, the Partial Risk Global Budget and the Full Risk Global Budget. In its implementation, although the global budget has been initiated since 2018, the model or formulation in implementing the global budget policy still requires further study. The purpose of this study is to see the process of implementing the trial and obstacles arises to find the most suitable implementation model. The research method used is a qualitative method with a case study approach. The research subjects were Sumedang District General Hospital, Pakuwon Hospital and Harapan Keluarga Hospital. Since September 2020 they begin to receive real quarterly payments with a non-risk stage to hospitals. The amount of withhold used in this study is 30%. The amount of the budget is calculated based on the calculation of the last three years from the hospital's financial records. Preliminary results, shows that this trial is still ongoing and to continue the payment system for the second stage, the hospital withdrawn their participation is this program as there are discrepancies in the way of calculating finances in setting the budget, determining of the amount of risk that must be borne by both parties and the withhold policy. which is considered burdensome by the hospital, especially for regional general hospitals.

Ethnobotanical study on using bamboo for kites making in Sumedang District, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract. Ihsan M, Irawan B, Iskandar BS, Iskandar J. 2023. Ethnobotanical study on using bamboo for kites making in Sumedang District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2393-2401. Bamboo has diverse socio-economic, cultural, and ecological roles in rural areas. Residentsin Cijambu Village, Tajungsari District, Sumedang Regency, West Java, usually use bamboo for kite crafts based on local or Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). However, currently, the craft activities of the residents of Cijambu Village in making kites tend to decline. This is due to the reduced kite demand, and the younger generation is less interested in kite-making crafts. As a result, it is difficult for the kite-making industry in Cijambu Village to provide jobs and creates an opportunityfor the villagers to maintain its sustainability. In addition, the decline in the kite-making industry could cause the gradual erosion and subsequent loss of the TEK. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the TEK of Cijambu Village on bamboo species and landraces, the utilization of bamboo for the kite-making industry, and its benefits for rural communities. The method used in this study was qualitative with an ethnobotanical approach; there are 12 informants comprising seven men and five women between the ages of 35 and 70 years involved in this study. The resultof the study showed thata total of 5 landraces and species of bamboo, i.e.: awi tali (Gigantochloa apus (Schult.f.) Kurz), awi bitung (Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.f.) Backerex K. Heyne), awi surat (Gigantochloa verticillata (Willd.) Munro), awi gombong héjo (Gigantochloa verticillata (Willd.) Munro), awi temen (Gigantochloa atter (Hassk.) Kurz),and awi haur konéng (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C.Wendl. var. Striata (Lodd.ex Lindl.) Gamble) in Cijambu Village. The G. apus have predominantly been used for making kites, creating many job opportunities for men and women, and diversifying household income. However, the future sustainability of the kite industry in Cijambu Village tends to be very challenging because the demand for kites is declining occasionally. At the same time, the younger generation is less interested in kites making, and the TEK gradually erodes withinthe younger generation. Thus, it was revealed that the use of bamboo for the kite craft industry had formed biocultural systems, as well as changes in the culture and linguistics of villagers, which can affect the management and conservation of bamboo in rural areas.

Soil nutrient and invertase-producing bacteria relation impact on Cilembu sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) growth: A study based on upland and wetland cultivation in Cilembu village Sumedang district

Environment is one important factors that must be considered in supporting sweet potato productivity. Environmental factors can be biotic and abiotic, including the availability of nutrients and microbes in the soil. This study aimed to identify the nutrient content of the soil in paddy fields and dry fields, identify the total invertase microorganisms in paddy fields and dry fields, and identify the relationship between soil nutrients and microorganisms during the growth of Cilembu sweet potato in dry and paddy fields agroecosystems. This research was conducted on dry fields and paddy fields in Cilembu Village, Sumedang Regency. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) with six treatments and three replications: A; Rancing, paddy fields, B; Biang, paddy fields, C; Mencrang, paddy fields, D; Rancing, dry fields, E; Biang, dry fields, F; Mencrang, dry fields. The observed parameters included pH, C-organic, total-N, available-P, exchangeable-K, exchangeable-Na, exchangeable-Ca, and exchangeable-Mg, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and total invertase-producing bacteria. The results showed that in paddy fields, the pH was slightly acidic, and the nutrient content such as N, available P, exchangeable Ca, Mg, Na, CEC, and C-organic tended to be more available. Soil K and abundant invertase bacteria were more available in the dry fields. The activity of invertase bacteria had a close relationship with the K content. The information generated in this study could be used to determine an effective location to produce good quality sweet potato.

Strategy of Development Cilembu Sweet Potato Farming Sustainably

Efforts to develop sweet potato farming in Cilembu Village are a form of adaptation by farmers in facing reduced productivity of the Neerkom variety. This study aims to explain efforts to develop ecological, economic, and socio-cultural factors in order to create sustainable Cilembu sweet potato farming. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques were carried out using questionnaires, in-depth interviews with farmers, traders, researchers, and agricultural extension workers from the Sumedang District Agriculture Service, as well as observation and documentation. Development of ecological factors, namely plant age, adaptability, cultivation techniques, physical cassava, and taste of cassava. The development of economic factors includes land area, productivity, production costs, cassava prices, income, and market demand. Development of socio-cultural factors, namely the age of farmers, education, farming experience, and habits. These three factors are interrelated, in which implementation requires good coordination among relevant stakeholders, namely farmers, traders, credit institutions, agricultural extension workers, and agricultural researchers in order to be able to drive sustainable agricultural development, especially in rural areas.

MARKETING STRATEGY FOR INCREASING SALES OF COOKING OIL SHOES IN BAROKAH TRADING BUSINESS

In every line of business, strategy is important because it is a series of decisions and actions directed at achieving company goals. More than that, entrepreneurs need a marketing strategy for their business. This is very important because it is a fundamental tool planned to achieve company goals by developing a sustainable competitive advantage through the markets entered and marketing programs used to serve target markets. This research conducted in UD. Barokah which is located in Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency. The phenomenon that occurs is that the monthly target set by the company is not achieved even though several strategies have been implemented. The purpose of this research is to find out the right marketing strategy in increasing the number of sales and being able to survive in the face of competition in basic cooking oil at UD. Barokah, Sumedang District. This research is a field research with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data is obtained from shop owners, employees, and regular customers. Methods of data collection by observation, interviews, and documentation. The approach used in this study is the SWOT analysis approach, which is the systematic identification of various factors to formulate corporate strategy. Based on the results of the analysis of the SWOT diagram and SWOT matrix, it can be seen that Barokah Trading Business is in quadrant I (Aggressive Strategy) and on the SO strategy, where the company's strengths and opportunities are greater than its weaknesses and threats. The SO strategy is the most appropriate strategy for UD. Barokah , while other strategies can be used as alternative strategies for reference and consideration that can develop and increase sales of Barokah Business Trade products . In addition, the Barokah Trading Business can also combine the ST strategy, WO strategy and WT strategy as needed to maximize the marketing strategy implemented. where the strengths and opportunities of the company are greater than the weaknesses and threats. The SO strategy is the most appropriate strategy for UD. Barokah , while other strategies can be used as alternative strategies for reference and consideration that can develop and increase sales of Barokah Business Trade products . In addition, the Barokah Trading Business can also combine the ST strategy, WO strategy and WT strategy as needed to maximize the marketing strategy implemented. where the strengths and opportunities of the company are greater than the weaknesses and threats. The SO strategy is the most appropriate strategy for UD. Barokah , while other strategies can be used as alternative strategies for reference and consideration that can develop and increase sales of Barokah Business Trade products . In addition, the Barokah Trading Business can also combine the ST strategy, WO strategy and WT strategy as needed to maximize the marketing strategy implemented.
 

Development of Food-Based Recommendation and Nutrient-Dense Meal for Female Shift Workers in West Java, Indonesia

Introduction. Some manufacturing industries employ not only male workers but also female workers, who are required to undergo shift work. Given the altered eating habits as well as metabolic and endocrine profiles of shift workers, this will affect their nutritional needs. Considering that anemia that occurs in female workers is primarily nutritional anemia, this becomes a challenge in the field of occupational nutrition, especially in terms of preparing food for female workers in accordance with their nutritional needs. The aim of the study is to develop a set of FBR for female shift workers using the Linear Programming (LP) approach. Methods. Dietary data were collected in a cross-sectional survey of female shift workers (n=106) working at a textile factory in Sumedang District, West Java, Indonesia, and a market survey in two local markets. Optifood software was used for LP analysis particularly to identify problem nutrients, and nutrient-dense foods, and compare alternative FBRs. The nutrient-dense menu was developed using the identified nutrient-dense foods. Results. The problem nutrients were iron (absolute) and calcium (partial), and the remaining nutrients were still dietary inadequate. The nutrient-dense menu including iron-rich and folate-rich foods can fulfill the nutrient gap for iron from the final FBR (15% RNI of the 7% RNI). Conclusion. The inclusion of a nutrient-dense menu for the female factory workers helped to meet the nutrient gap for iron which is the absolute problem nutrient in the optimized FBR. The promotion of optimized FBR and the provision of a nutrient-dense menu should be part of the occupational nutrition program.

Plants diversity and socioecological functions of homegarden in Sundanese rural area: A case in Sumedang District, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract. Suwartapradja OS, Iskandar J, Iskandar BS, Mulyanto D, Suroso, Nurjaman D, Nisyapuri FF. 2023. Plants diversity and socioecological functions of homegarden in Sundanese rural area: a case in Sumedang district, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 156-175. Homegarden is one of the traditional agroforestry systems in Indonesia, which is traditionally planted with various annual and perennial plants. It has provided social, economic, cultural, and ecological functions. The objective of this study is to elucidate the vegetation structure and function of the homegarden system of two groups of rural communities who are affected by the development project of Jatigede Dam, Sumedang, West Java. The first community group of residents who lost their village, their homegarden, and another agricultural land due to the Jatigede dam and settled in new resettlement provided by the local government in Cihegar Mekar Hamlet. The second community group, residents living in the neighboring Kampung Cihegar Mekar, whose settlements and homegarden were not inundated by the Jatigede Dam, but the Jatigede Dam inundated their agricultural lands. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used with an ethnobotanical approach. The results showed that the diversity of species of the homegarden of Cihegar Mekar and Ciboboko Hamlets affected by the Jatigede dam project was high. In Cihegar Hamlet, the number of species, genera, and family in 2018 and 2022 was recorded at 63 and 155, 58 and 130, and 39 and 59, respectively. While in Ciboboko, Hamlet in 2018 and 2022 recorded the number of species, genera, and family at 81 and 144, 76 and 114, and 44 and 55, respectively. These variables have significantly increased in the past 4 years (2018-2022). The residents are intensifying the cultivation of their homegarden because other agricultural land types, such as wet-rice fields, have been dramatically reduced or even lost due to inundation by the Jatigede dam. The 224 plant species found in the homegarden consist of 127 (56.70%), 30 (13.39%), 27 (12.05%), and 13 (5.80%) ornamental, fruit, vegetable, and spice species. At least 20 species and varieties (landraces) of the homegarden have been considered to fulfill the daily household need, and some surpluses are sold to obtain household income. So, the high diversity of plant species in the village homegarden has essential functions to support food security and the population well-being of those affected people of the development project of Jatigede Dam. Homegardens appear to be an important strategy for attaining the rural development program and can be accomplished with proper planning.

Sosialisasi tentang Pentingnya Peran Orang Tua bagi Remaja dan Anak-Anak dalam Penggunaan Internet

The development of information and communication technology is a very rapid breakthrough. Internet is a medium of information and communication that is connected globally and can be accessed by anyone and anywhere. Cibungur village is one of the villages in the Rancakalong sub-district, Sumedang district. People are very worried about the negative impact of the development of internet technology, especially for children and adolescents. With the phenomenon of technological development in Cibungur Village, it is necessary to provide understanding regarding the involvement of parents, especially those with small children or teenagers, how to anticipate children's dependence on accessing the internet. This research uses that method Community Based Research (CBR), including building the basic principles and concepts of research, research planning, Information gathering and analysis then action on the findings. After the implementation of the training, the Cibungur Village community represented by village officials, community leaders and parents with young children/adolescents could better understand the important role of parents for children in using the internet. So that children can control their daily activities, do not abandon the habit of studying through stationery, avoid addiction or bad habits of excessive use of electronic devices and use the internet as needed.

Upaya Pengembangan Layanan Melalui "Program SATU KECAMATAN SATU BUKU (SAKE SABUK)" di Perpustakaan Umum Kabupaten Sumedang

<p>The development of services in the library can be implemented through certain programs that are related to the objectives to be achieved in the library, one of which is information services related to regional characteristics contained in the Satu Kecamatan Satu Buku (Sake Sabuk) Program. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the Sake Sabuk Program as an effort to develop services at the Sumedang District Public Library. The research method used is qualitative. Data were obtained through interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study. The research results obtained that the efforts made by the Sumedang District Public Library by implementing the Sake Sabuk Program had a good impact on service development activities in the library. The community becomes aware of the uniqueness of the Sumedang Regency area. In its implementation, this program received various support from both internal and external parties. In addition, the implementation of the program is inseparable from obstacles, namely the lack of direct and indirect socialization and promotion activities in the community. Many people, especially in Sumedang Regency, are still not aware of this program.</p>

Challenges Associated With the Teaching of Arabic Language in Nigerian Secondary Schools: Implications For Stakeholders

This study aims to determine the increase in science learning outcomes through the application of the Student Facilitator and Explaining learning model to fifth grade students of SD Negeri Padasuka II, North Sumedang District, Sumedang Regency. The research method used is qualitative research with the type of research that is classroom action research (CAR). The research location is SD Negeri Padasuka II, North Sumedang District, Sumedang Regency. Data collection techniques are observation, documentation, and tests. The results showed that the science learning outcomes for fifth grade students of SD Negeri Padasuka II, North Sumedang District, Sumedang Regency were in the less category, after being treated, namely the application of the Student Facilitator and Explaining learning model in improving science learning outcomes for fifth grade students at SD Negeri Padasuka II District North Sumedang Sumedang Regency is in the good category. So there is an increase in student learning outcomes.

Analysis of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Income of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fishers in Darmaraja District, Sumedang Regency

This study aims to determine fishers’ income, and health application protocols among tilapia fishers (Oreochromis niloticus) in Jatigede Reservoir, specifically, in Darmaraja District, Sumedang Regency, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purposive sampling technique was used, where data collection is done using a questionnaire technique. Primary data was obtained using a questionnaire to determine knowledge about the COVID-19 pandemic, and its health protocols. Secondary data were obtained from various sources such as literature, journals, theses, books, and the Sumedang District Fisheries Service. The amount of profit obtained from the revenue price minus production costs, which are divided into fixed costs (ship maintenance costs, machinery, and fishing gear depreciation), and variable costs (consumption costs and fuel costs). The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on fishers understanding and the application of health protocols. This resulted into decrease in the number of fishing trips and a decrease in fish prices affecting supply and demand instability leading to reduction of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fishers profits in Darmaraja District, Sumedang Regency.