Sumadija Region Research Articles

IZ ONOMASTIKE SELA DONjA SABANTA KOD KRAGUJEVCA

The paper investigates the onomastic data collected in Donja Sabanta, Sumadija region, which administratively belongs to the municipality of Kragujevac. Microtoponyms and antroponyms (personal and family nicknames and hypocoristic names) of all the residents who live in the village, according to the information we possess, either permanently or from time to time (in order to do seasonal agricultural work on the land). In order to establish the dynamics of the antropomasticons from the village of Donja Sabanta we have consulted the birth register, and thus compared the system of personal first names of the people born between 1930 and 1960 and those born between 1990 and 2020. The aim of this paper is to list all the toponyms and antroponyms and analyses them from the structural and semantic aspect. The secondary aim is to describe the stability and changes in the system of official names of the residents of the village Donja Sabanta. The collected microtoponyms are motivated by the versatile natural and cultural characteristics of the physiogenous and antropgenous phenomena in the village. In the formation of the microtoponyms in Donja Sabanta we have noticed all the deriva- tive models and suffixes which function in the toponymy of (the central) Serbia. The system of male personal nicknames stands out within the system of antroponymous categories by its numerousness and versatility. Apart from -a forms, which are domi- nant in Sumadija, a significant number of male hypocoristic names ending in -o has been confirmed (Pero, Aco and similar). At the end of the paper we enclose a register in alphabetical order of microtoponyms and antroponyms which were collected in the field.

Inter- and intraspecific variability of Quercus cerris L. and Quercus frainneto Ten. in the Sumadija region (Serbia) based on leaf geometric morphometrics

In this study, we used leaf geometric morphometrics to quantify the differences among Quercus cerris L. and Quercus frainetto Ten. and their populations in the Sumadija region in Serbia. We sampled 2200 leaves from eight populations and on each leaf recorded 13 landmarks. To analyze how leaf morphology varies across species and populations, we used Procrustes ANOVA, a two-block partial least-squares analysis, a principal component analysis and a canonical variate analysis. The results showed a clear discrimination between species, followed by different levels of leaf shape variability in Q. cerris and Q. frainetto. The leaves of Q. cerris displayed higher levels of variability and higher differences among populations compared to Q. frainetto. The patterns of population grouping in the two species greatly differed, indicating that in these species different factors contribute to intraspecific variability. This study provides preliminary results of the leaf morphometric variability of oak species in the Sumadija region in Serbia. Future studies should include genetic and environmental analyses to understand the origins of phenotypic differences between species and populations, and to fully recognize which factors mostly determine relationships between taxa.

Consumers' intentions to use of organically produced food in the Šumadija region

Organic agriculture is a significant factor in sustainable development, and the production and marketing oforganic products tend to grow steadily. The main goal of organic farming is to produce high quality food inprecisely defined conditions. There are great untapped potentials for the development of organic productionin Sumadija, thanking to suitable climatic and agroecological conditions, knowledge and tradition. The aim of the paper is to investigate the importance and value of organic products according to the opinion of consumers of the Sumadija region, their buying habits, and the source of information about organic products. The results show that the consumers are not buying enough organic food, but understand its role in reducing health risks. The general conclusion is that the development of organic production depends on knowledge, awareness of the need to conserve natural resources and the environment, as well as economic factors and incentives for organic production.

Antioksidativna aktivnost perikarpa Juglans regia L., Juglandaceae poreklom iz Šumadije

Objective. The literature provides data on the antioxidant activity of different botanical parts of walnut (Juglans regia L., Juglandaceae) growing in various countries. This research has evaluated the antioxidant activity of pericarp (green husk) of unripe walnut fruit, originated from Sumadija region in Serbia. Methods. The methanol extract of walnut husk was characterized by the total phenol and tannin content, while antioxi­dant evaluation was done by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Results. It has been found that the antioxidant activity of walnut pericarp is within the range 25.32-79.35 % and is concentration dependent. The IC50 is 1.223 mg/ml. The total phenol content was 119.8 mg GAE/g and tannin 2.645 %. Conclusion. The investigated parameters of the green walnut pericarp from Sumadija region fit the range of values documented for different parts of walnut species growing in other areas in the world.

Arheološki lokalitet Gradište u Donjem Dubiču kod Trstenika

The archaeological site Gradiste is located East of the core area of Donji Dubic village, on the left side of the Dubicka River, 15 km North of the municipality centre Trstenik. The late antique fortress was probably built in the second half of the third century, in the period of the activities of the local robbers (latrones) and because of the pressure of the barbarian tribes on the North border of the Roman Empire. The main function of the late Roman fortress was the protection and control of the roads which connected the Valley of Zapadna Morava River and southeast area of present day Sumadija region in the central Serbia. Probably, one of the reasons for building of the fortified settlement was the protection of the local metallurgical activities on the nearby Nerezine site. The late Roman fortress was destructed during the Gothic Invasion around 378 BC. At the beginning of the sixth century at the same site early Byzantine state rebuilt the fortress probably during the rule of the emperor Justinian I (527-565). During this period, some of the members of the auxiliary troops in the fortress Gradiste in Donji Dubic belonged to the Germanic tribes, probably Gepids, which can be noticed by characteristics of the some archaeological finds. The life in the early Byzantine fortification was interrupted during the invasion of the Slavic and Avar tribes at the beginning of the seventh century. The area around Gradiste in Donji Dubic was part of the early Bulgarian state from the eight century, and after 1018 BC part of Byzantine Empire. Around 1183 BC the geographical and historical region of Levac was conquered by Stefan Nemanja, ruler of the Serbian state of Raska.

Predictors of unmet health care needs in Serbia; Analysis based on EU-SILC data.

Unmet health care needs have been designated as an indicator of equality in access to health care, which provides insight into specific barriers faced by respondents when they need medical services. The purpose of this research was to analyze demographic, socioeconomic, regional characteristics and perception of the health status; and identify predictors of unmet health care needs and consequently determine the size of inequalities in the availability, accessibility and acceptability of health care. The cross-sectional study obtained data from the Survey on Income and Living Conditions in the Republic of Serbia in 2014, based on a sample of 20,069 respondents over 16 years. Data was collected by using a household questionnaire and a questionnaire for individuals. Multivariate logistic regressions were applied. Almost every seventh citizen (14.9%) reported unmet health care needs. Predictors of unmet needs, for overall reasons, which increase the likelihood of their emergence included: self-perceived health status as very bad (OR = 6.37), divorced or widower/widow (OR = 1.31), living in the Sumadija region or Western Serbia (OR = 1.54) and belonging to the age group of 27 to 44 (OR = 1.55) or 45 to 64 years (OR = 1.52). The probability for those least reporting unmet health care needs included female patients (OR = 0.81), those with higher education (OR = 0.77), those who belong to the richest quintile (OR = 0.46) and who are unemployed (OR = 0.64). Reasons for unmet needs that indicate the responsibility of the health system amounted to 58.2% and reasons which represent preferences of the respondents amounted to 41.7%. The most frequent reason for unmet needs was financial (36.6%), and the wish to wait and see if the problem got better on its own (18.3%). Health policy should adopt a multidimensional approach and develop incentives for the appropriate use of health services and should eliminate barriers which restrict the accessibility and availability.

Dispersion of automobile industry supplier network as precondition for regional underdevelopment? (Comparative study Serbia, Italy and Czech Republic)

The aim of the paper is to analyze relationship between Fiat Automobile Industry supplier network, its geographical distribution and influence on regional development, and make comparison to similar situation in Italy and Czech Republic during automobile industry development. The industry in mentioned countries had and still have significant state support through subsides, taxes reliefs and employment programs, especially in regions defined as underdeveloped. The research results related with Italy and Czech Republic are opposite, because state supporting programs in Czech Republic gave positive results in automobile industry development and its relation with regional development. The regions with state supporting programs developed specific economy structure which resulted in their better position within national economy. On the other hand, case of Italy and its supporting programs showed inefficiency of state in regional development because most of the regions, after auto industry closing, experienced fall in GDP, employment and exports. The results of research showed consistency with Italian results, because found out strong concentration within Sumadija region along with low level of export orientation, making such region highly dependable on Fiat automobile industry. On the other hand, within Vojvodina region, such supplier network has been developed with export oriented suppliers, included in international automobile industry value chain, making the region more flexible and more resistant on future FIAT strategic decisions.

Thermic regime and air temperature trends in Sumadija region (Serbia)

Subject of this paper is analysis of mean, absolute maximum and absolute minimum air temperatures (on a monthly and annual scale) in order to represent certain climatic characteristics of Šumadija region (Serbia). Data from 10 meteorological stations located in this region were used in the analysis for the period 1961-2010. Based on available data it is concluded that similar climate conditions are met in the whole region and the spatial variations of air temperatures are relatively small. Mean annual air temperatures varied from 11-11.6°С in most of meteorological stations. The only exception is Belgrade where slightly higher mean annual air temperature of 12.3°С was calculated, which along with micro-location influence of this station indicates the presence of urban heat island effect. In order to determine potential air temperature changes in Šumadija region, the trends of the climatic element are examined using Mann-Kendall test and Sens slope estimation. Calculated trends of mean annual air temperatures indicate increase in almost all stations and they are statistically significant on the confidence levels from 95 to 99.9%. Contrary to the trends of mean annual air temperatures, absolute maximum air temperature trends have statistically significant increase only in six stations (at four stations confidence level is 99%, and 95% at one station and 90% at another one). Other four stations do not have statistically significant trends of absolute maximum air temperatures. Absolute minimum air temperatures do not have statistically significant trends.

Height curve as a new aspect of black pine (Pinus nigra) plantations in the Sumadija region

Both ecological aspects i.e. biotic and biotic factors were analyzed and studied in black pine plantations in the Sumadija region. The black pine plantations analyzed within 5 experimental fields are 30, 40 and 55-60 years old, and are found in: good quality habitats medium quality habitats and low quality habitats. The same-aged plantations were studied in different habitats. All dendrometric measurements were performed, including diameter, height and tree volume, along with tree analysis and complete growth calculation. Stand structure, thickness, height, structure by basal area and volume structure are also presented. Height growth proved to be a new significant indicator. Conclusions were drawn, and tending practices for each experimental field and growing recommendations were suggested. .

Determination of spatiotemporal distribution of Agricultural drought in Central Serbia (umadija)

Over the past several decades, extreme drought events have become increasingly frequent in Central Serbia and have affected vast areas of land. In agriculture, the impact of drought is dramatic, especially if the soils in the affected area are shallow, like in most of the Sumadija Region where field crops, fruits and grapevines are traditionally rainfed. Exceptionally dry years have a multiple-year effect. Investment in irrigation is imminent but not feasible without state subsidies. To arrive at an impartial decision as to which part of a region should be given priority, it is extremely important to study the spatial distribution and severity of drought. Assessments made to date have resulted in the identification of areas with similar precipitation patterns. However, these assessments are rather crude and have classified parts of Serbia by precipitation depth or climatological precipitation deficit; as such, they are not accurate enough for agricultural purposes. Present-day needs call for more detailed analyses on a smaller scale for specific purposes such as plant production. It is a well-known fact that drought does not simultaneously affect an entire region. It is generally more severe in a certain area, less severe in another area, and may leave parts of the region unaffected. The objective of this research was to conduct a statistical analysis to determine the homogeneity of drought within a region, in spatial and temporal terms. Towards that end, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) of the growing season was studied in 12 areas over a monitoring period of 60 years. Applying the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) method, a single dominant component with a total variance of 69.47% was determined, to which all sites contributed equally. Varimax rotation was then applied and resulted in the identification of three areas. Based on this study of the spatial distribution of drought in the considered region, only one area to the east could be reliably identified as experiencing neither extreme drought nor excessive moisture, while no such claim could be made about two other areas which were assessed. Consequently, drought mitigation measures may be based on separate, homogeneous units. Key words: Agricultural drought, principal component analysis (PCA), standardize precipitation index (SPI).

Sumadija in Vecernje novosti in the first decade of the twenty first century

Vecernje novosti (Evening News), the first evening paper in the former Yugoslavia, formed after the Trieste crisis, in October 1953, the position of the highest circulation daily newspaper has gained by its modern form of expression, but also by plenty of articles that were published in all areas of social life, as well as balanced representation of information from different regions. In early nineties this journal had more than ten issues, with several pages that had contributions from different republics of the country and the most important regions in Serbia. Until 1993, notorious for hyperinflation, this journal featured a regional, 'Kragujevac page, which gave plenty of information from Sumadija region, especially from Kragujevac, as the center of the sub-region. The circulation, as well as the influence, of Vecernje novosti in Sumadija, was far ahead compared to other journals. The period from 2000 to 2010 is analyzed in this work, that is 3,580 published issues with 13,070 published reports of all genres referring to the six municipalities in Sumadija and Kragujevac as the center of the region. The absence of analytical texts and reduction the mission of the paper to a mere transfer of statements of the political, economic, sports and other participants in public life is present. This made the newspaper into the service for transmission of the messages and it lost the race with electronic media, which in most cases, broadcast the information a day earlier at least. Based on analysis of the published content, this work presents the projections of growth and stagnation of this journal, which operates in a completely different conditions compared to the time when the audience, back in the 1953, offered an effective reporting form contained in the slogan quick, short, clear. Today's business environment is characterized by intense competition for attracting advertisers, but also for the retention of readers / viewers / listeners. Print media have lost the race from electronic media and from the Internet, as well. Such conditions re-actualize the need of specialization and professionalization of journalists. What they have to do is to interpret social reality, not just to transmit the information, which are increasingly produced by growing PR services.

1206 – Degree of alcohol intoxication on the abnormal offenders

The aim of the study was association between degree of alcohol intoxication and abnormal offenders convicted for the criminal acts. Used sources were courd and medical records, which team exploited while preparing the reports for the County court in Kragujevac, and for the Municipal Courts in the Sumadija region. Analyse is consitsted from two different periods. First is from January 1999 till January 2002. and 72 convicted persons are included. Second period is ten years later, from January 2009 till January 2012. and 58 persons are included. Indictments were for the following criminal acts: mischief, robbery, rape, sexual abuse, intention of murder but without deliberation and murder. Following the degrees of the alcohol as cause of depression of the brain and inhibitory mechanisams, influenced differently on the convicted criminals (p= 0.001). According to the results of the study less degree of the alcohol is most frequent and most dangerous facilitating factor of the criminal acts. There is statistically significant difference between two periods for the different criminal acts connected with degree of alcohol intoxication (p We can conclude that alcohol influence differently on the convicted criminals and different criminal acts depent from degree of alcohol intoxication.

Wedding songs’ melodic models of eastern Sumadija and Pomoravlje regions: A contribution to Serbian vocal dialects and identity studies

Extremely complex picture of Sumadija region musical tradition(s) could be explained not only as the result of long-lasting encounters and overlapping of different inhabitants? groups, but also by the fact that in this region even three dialects of Serbian language meet. Moreover, there is a basis for an assumption it is about cultural dialects in wider sense, comprising musical culture as well. Structural-typological analyses of wedding melodic models (glasovi) and identifying of their morphological dominants (term coined by V. Maciewskii) provided the basis for comparative insight in the elements of vocal tradition in the area in focus ? on the first place within wedding genre, but within other genres as well. The cartography technique, applied in melogeographic researches (Goshovskii), provides insight in certain musical phenomena in their territorial dissemination, so that the regularities that could be in direct connection to dialectal features of traditional culture could be seen. The paper is about geographical and cultural space intersected by folklore dialectal borders, and thus it is also the region where the transitory areas between the consistent cultural spaces are placed. This situation has been explained and illustrated through the application of ?fuzzy? concept. Musical material from this region and its elements geographic distribution shows it could be about the ?fuzzy? border between two cultural and vocal dialects. This paper could be the basis for future research and analyses, including more data from this and surrounding regions, primarily in the East, South and Southeast, which would lead to the differentiating of the musical idiom that characterizes great part of central, Eastern, Southern and Southeastern Serbia.

Heritability of hygienic behavior in grey honey bees (Apis mellifera carnica)

Breeding grey A. m. carnica queens for hygienic behavior is beneficial for commercial beekeeping in Serbia, since hygienic behavior is associated with the resistance to the mite Varroa destructor, as well as to American foulbrood and chalk brood. In this work, heritability of hygienic behavior was analyzed in autochthonous grey A. m. carnica honey bees from Sumadija region in order to ascertain if the expression of their hygienic behavior could be enhanced through selective breeding. Heritability of hygienic behavior was monitored through three queen generations and estimated by one-parent-offspring regression method (motherdaughter regression method). The heritability values for hygienic behavior were h2=0.63±0.02 in relationship between daughter queens (F1s) and breeder mother queens (Ps), h2=0.45±0.01 in relationship between grand-daughter queens (F2s) and Ps and h2=0.44±0.02 in relationship between F2s and F1s. These results show that the expression of hygienic behavior through selective breeding could be enhanced and the best results could be achieved in the F1 generation. It is important to emphasize that the F1 colonies bred for hygienic behavior in our study suffer no apparent costs in reproductive and productive performances.

Sowing density and nitrogen fertilization influences on yield components of barley

Introduction The yield and quality of spring malting barley have a high degree of variability depending on both weather and soil conditions and applied soil and crop management. Adequate sowing density and nitrogen (N) applications by top dressing are important factors of barley growing and their optimal values are mainly associated with hereditary and environmental factors (Maksimovic et al., 1996; Paunovic, 2001; Lalic et al., 2006; Kovacevic et al., 2006). The ear number is the most important yield component of small grains. The tendency of barley to stalk lodging is an additional problem of N application by top-dressing. The aim of this study was to test the effects of sowing densities and N fertilization on yield components of five commercial spring malting barley cultivars under environmental conditions of central Serbia (Sumadija region).

Evaluation of surface water quality and pollution in Lepenica river basin

Lepenica river basin is axis of economic and urban development of Sumadija region. However, because of disorderly water regime of Lepenica river and its tributaries, it appears several hydrologic problems on this territory, as example insufficiency of drinking and irrigating water by one cite, and floods and torrents (especially in Kragujevac valley) by other cite. Particular problem is water quality and pollution in river basin. In this paper will be analyzed water quality of Lepenica river and artificial lakes, built in its river basin, according to the data of Republic Hydrometeorologic Institute of Serbia. Also, it will be present polluter cadastre in river basin.

Neurocrassus serbicus sp. n. (Braconidae, Doryctinae), a new braconid wasp from Serbia

Neurocrassus serbicus sp. n. is described as a parasite of two species of long-horned beetles Phymatodes testaceus and Exocentrus punctipennis from the Kopljari site near the town of Arandjelovac in the Sumadija region of Serbia. The new species is morphologically similar to N. tesari Snoflak, 1945, N. fabimaculatus Belokobylskij, 1993, N. crassinervis Belokobylskij, 1993, and N. rarus (Belokobylskij, 1982). A description of the new species is given in the paper, together with diagnostic characters that distinguish it from the indicated morphologically similar species.