Sulfur Containing Research Articles

PSS184 - Scavenging of Peroxynitrous Acid by Selenium and Sulfur Containing Compounds: Absolute Rate Constants and Assessment of Biological Relevance

PSS184 - Scavenging of Peroxynitrous Acid by Selenium and Sulfur Containing Compounds: Absolute Rate Constants and Assessment of Biological Relevance

ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Carbohydrate Based Medium Sized Sulfur Containing Benzannulated Macrocycles: Applications of Sonogashira and Heck Coupling.

AbstractThe synthesis of 8‐, 9‐, 10‐, 11‐, and 13‐membered ring compounds having a carbohydrate ring fragment is established by intramolecular Sonogashira and Heck coupling reactions.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen and Sulfur Containing 1,4-Naphthoquinones

New N,S-disubstituted naphthoquinones were synthesized by reactions of S- and N-nucleophiles with 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone. 2-(Hexadecylthio)-3-(phenylamino)-naphthalene-1,4-dione 5a was synthesized by reaction of 2-chloro-3-(phenylamino)-naphthalene-1,4-dione 3a with hexadecanethiol 4a. The structures of the new synthesized naphthoquinone derivatives were determined by micro analyses and spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, and UV/Vis.). Photo- and electrochemical properties of selected compounds were investigated by using fluorescence spectroscopy and the cyclovoltammetry method.

Role of Sulfur Containing Amino Acids as an Adjuvant Therapy in the Prevention of Diabetes and its Associated Complications

Amino acid supplementation is gaining acceptance as an important adjuvant therapy in the treatment of diabetes and its associated complications. Numerous studies in the literature report the impaired amino acid metabolism in diabetes and the beneficial effects of amino acids are positively correlated with the increase in plasma levels of those amino acids. Oxidative stress is known to play a major role in diabetic pathophysiology. Sulfur containing compounds are well known in the treatment of oxidative stress induced pathological disorders. Methionine, cysteine, and homocysteine are the three common sulfur containing amino acids. In addition, taurine, a sulfonic acid containing an amino group (amino sulfonic acid), is found in substantial amounts in mammalian tissues. Both experimental and clinical studies reported the modulatory effects of cysteine, N-acetyl cysteine, or compounds having cysteine moiety in the regulation of insulin secretion and plasma glucose levels. Taurine supplementation has been found to prevent the onset of diabetes mellitus in experimental models of both insulin dependent and insulin independent pathways. Recent reports suggest that the beneficial role of cysteine or taurine is mediated via their ability in reducing glycooxidation and preventing the generation of intracellular reactive intermediates. Studies with methionine or S-adinosyl methionine has been shown to increase mitochondrial DNA density in skeletal muscle, improve insulin sensitivity and prevent body weight gain. Homocysteine, on the other hand, is an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetic patients have higher levels of this sulfur containing amino acid. Supplementation with cysteine or taurine, however, was found to be effective in reducing plasma homocysteine levels. This review will discuss the role of sulfur containing amino acids in the regulation of hyperglycemia and in the development of its associated pathological dysfunctions.

Nitrogen, Oxygen or Sulfur Containing Heterocyclic Compounds as Analgesic Drugs Used as Modulators of the Nitroxidative Stress

Nitrogen, Oxygen or Sulfur Containing Heterocyclic Compounds as Analgesic Drugs Used as Modulators of the Nitroxidative Stress

Nitrogen, Oxygen or Sulfur Containing Heterocyclic Compounds as Analgesic Drugs Used as Modulators of the Nitroxidative Stress

Numerous lines of evidence suggest that heterocyclic compounds used as analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-migraine agents can be potent regulators of the nitroxidative stress and targeting free nitrogen and oxygen radicals is a very promising strategy for future pain management. Both classical analgesics (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioid drugs) and many analgesic adjuvants, including desipramine, duloxetine, fluoxetine, paroxetine, escitalopram, phenytoin or carbamazepine and α-lipoic acid can modulate the balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant processes in the mammalian tissues and these properties of drugs such as indomethacin, meloxicam, tenoxicam, valdecoxib or some metabolites of analgesic drugs formed by the activity of tissue peroxidases may contribute to their clinical efficacy and drug-related toxic effects, including gastrointestinal ulcers, hepatic failure, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, neutropenia, opiate-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance. The antioxidant capacities of novel heterocyclic compounds, including the compounds acting either by prevention of formation or catalyzed decomposition of peroxynitrite anion (ONOO-), namely the peroxynitrite decomposition catalysts or as superoxide (O2 •-)-scavengers which are the functional mimetics of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes (SODm), as well as the derivatives of 6-nitro-3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-Nacylhydrazone (LASSBio-881) or γ-butyrolactone (LPP1, BM113, BM113A, BM138 and BM138A) are also discussed as potent and promising future heterocyclic analgesics.

Solid-Phase Synthesis of Sulfur Containing Heterocycles

Solid-Phase Synthesis of Sulfur Containing Heterocycles

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Sulphur Containing Chromene Derivatives

A series of 3,3-dimethyl-3Hbenzothieno[3,2-f][1]-benzopyran analogues modified at the pyran 1,2-double bond were synthesized. The corresponding dihydro and (+/-)-cis-diol derivatives were converted into diacetate and cyclic carbonate upon acylation. The title compounds were characterized by spectroscopic analysis and screened for their antimicrobial activity in vitro.

Performance of Particle Oxidation Catalyst and Particle Formation Studies with Sulphur Containing Fuels

The aim of this paper is to analyse the quantitative impact of fuel sulphur content on particulate oxidation catalyst (POC) functionality, focusing on soot emission reduction and the ability to regenerate. Studies were conducted on fuels containing three different levels of sulphur, covering the range of 6 to 340 parts per million, for a light-duty application. The data presented in this paper provide further insights into the specific issues associated with usage of a POC with fuels of higher sulphur content. A 48-hour loading phase was performed for each fuel, during which filter smoke number, temperature and back-pressure were all observed to vary depending on the fuel sulphur level. The Fuel Sulphur Content (FSC) affected also soot particle size distributions (particle number and size) so that with FSC 6 ppm the soot particle concentration was lower than with FSC 65 and 340, both upstream and downstream of the POC. Conversely, FSC did not have major effects on the soot particle number reduction efficiency of the POC. Soot and other exhaust compounds accumulated within the POC during this phase, gradually built a pressure drop across the POC. The final mass of collected matter in the POC differed significantly according to the sulphur content. The efficiency of removal of gaseous pollutants by the POC was found to be markedly worse for the fuels with higher sulphur content, although this deterioration was observed to be non-linear. Following the accumulation phase, a duty cycle was applied that caused the POC to commence passive regeneration. The time taken for the POC to cleanse itself of accumulated matter and thereby eliminate the pressure drop was observed to increase with increasing fuel sulphur content. The proportion of NOx leaving the POC in the form of NO2 was also found to vary as a strong function of fuel sulphur content.

硫黄を含む環境下で銅上に生成した酸化物および硫化物から成る層状皮膜の分析

硫化ナトリウム溶液を用いて作成した硫黄を含む雰囲気中に銅板を最長180日間曝露した．銅板上に生成した皮膜を定性的に分析するために，カソード還元法を用いた．皮膜の厚さおよび構成成分を断面観察およびEPMA分析により調べた．カソード還元曲線より，皮膜は主としてCuO，Cu2O，Cu2Sから成ることが分かった．1 wt％Na2S溶液を用いて作成した硫黄環境下に曝露した銅板の皮膜厚さは曝露期間の増加とともに厚くなり，180日後には約40 μmになった．硫化物と酸化物とから成る層状皮膜がEPMA分析により確認された．

Synthesis of Some Novel Sulfur Containing Triazolothienopyrimidines and Biscompounds as Possible Antitumor and Radioprotective Agents

The syntheses of novel 1,2,4-triazolothienopyrimidine derivatives (4a,b), thiourea derivatives (5-8) and biscompounds having a thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleus (13-16) utilizing the 2-isothiocyanato derivatives 2a,b are reported. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by microanalysis, IR, 1H-NMR and mass spectrometry. Preliminary biological studies of some synthesized compounds showed promising antitumor and radioprotective activities.

Sulfur Containing Stable Unsubstituted Heptacene Analogs

Heptacene and higher polyacenes have been sought for their high degree of charge carrier mobility in thin film transistors. Such acenes are, however, extremely unstable in ambient conditions. Approaches to obtain stable heptacenes include introduction of suitable substituents, of heteroatoms, or both. Methods to synthesize stable linear and a nonlinear unsubstituted heptacene analogs are discussed. No changes in the UV-visible absorption spectra in solution over time for these materials indicate higher oxidative stability compared to analogous polyacenes.

Sulphur Removal from Sulphur Containing Phase(CaS) in Ladle Slag by Oxidizing Roasting

Slag is the main by-product of iron and steelmaking process. Ladle slag, melted fully after secondary refining, usually contains rich CaO, Al2O3 and 2CaO·SiO2 phase, which has a potential value to recycle into steelmaking process as the substitution of lime. However, reuse of ladle slag is easy to induce an accumulation effect of sulphur or phosphorus. In this present work, CaS powder was used to replace the sulphur containing phase in ladle slag to investigate the roasting process under different atmosphere conditions. The influence of temperature and oxygen pressure on sulphur removal mechanism and products composition has been discussed. By adding solid sulfur into molten ladle slag, the results of SEM has showed that sulphur element in ladle slag existed as independent CaS phase. Roasting experiments showed that lower oxygen pressure and higher reaction temperature were beneficial for CaS changing into CaO, it was very important to design the optimum roasting route for sulphur removal from the ladle slag.

Kinase Regulation by Sulfur and Selenium Containing Compounds

Kinases are enzymes that are involved in a wide-range of cellular targets such as cell proliferation, metabolism, survival and apoptosis. Aberrations in the activity of the kinases have been linked to many human diseases such as diabetes, inflammation and cancer. The discovery of more than 518 kinases encoded by the human genome has spurred the development of rapid screening techniques for potential drugs against these enzymes and these have been identified as interesting targets for medicinal chemistry programs, especially in cancer therapy. On the other hand, sulfur and selenium have been increasingly recognized as essential elements in biology and medicine. Converging data from epidemiological and clinical studies have highlighted these elements as effective chemopreventive agents, particularly against various types of cancer (prostate, lung, breast, leukemia, colon, skin, lymphome, thyroid, pancreas, liver). These elements act through a wide range of potential mechanisms where one identified signal pathway event is kinase modulation, which is common for the two elements and emerges as a valid target. The kinases modulated by sulfur and selenium derivatives include MAP, ERK, JNK, Akt, Cdc2, Cyclin B1 and Cdc25c amongst others. Although both of the elements in question are in the same group in the periodic table and have similar biochemistries, there are relevant differences related to redox potentials, stabilities, oxidation states and anticancer activity. Literature data suggest that the replacement of sulfur by selenium in established cancer chemopreventive agents results in more effective chemopreventive analogs. In view of the multi-target kinase mechanisms in preventing cellular transformation, as well as the differences and similarities between them, in this review we focus on the development of new structures that contain selenium and/or sulfur and discuss our understanding of the regulation of antitumoral effects with emphasis on kinase modulation activity and its implications in cancer.

ChemInform Abstract: “On Water” Assisted Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Nitrogen and Sulfur Containing Hetero‐1,4‐naphthoquinones as Potent Antifungal and Antibacterial Agents.

AbstractThe reactions of naphthoquinone derivative (I) with different amines and thiols and intramolecular nucleophilic addition—elimination and cyclization reactions in the presence or absence of a base using water as solvent are studied.

ChemInform Abstract: Cleavage of 3-Membered Cycles by Electrophilic Sulfur and Nitrogen Containing Reagents.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 4-Chloromethyl-1,3-dioxolanes with Sulfur and Nitrogen Containing Nucleophiles.

ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 4-Chloromethyl-1,3-dioxolanes with Sulfur and Nitrogen Containing Nucleophiles.

ChemInform Abstract: Spectral Characterization and Antifungal Activity of Some Newly Synthesized Sulfur Containing Triorganotin(IV) Derivatives.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform Abstract: Sulfur Compounds. Part 151. New Sulfur Containing Titanacycles.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Synthesis and Molecular Structure of Sulfur Containing Cobalt Compounds

AbstractThe reaction of cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate and N-tert-butyl-2-thioimidazole (tm t-Bu ) yielded products [k 2 -(tm t-Bu ) 2 ]CoCl 2 (1) and [(tm t-Bu ) 2 Co 2 (μ-tm t-Bu ) 2 Cl 2 ]·CH 3 CN (2) at different reaction time. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out for 1 and 2 {Bruker Kappa Apex-II CCD diffractometer, MoK α radiation}. Crystal data for 1: orthorhombic P212121 unit cell a = 8.195(6) A, b = 13.778(10) A, c = 17.354(11) A and V = 1960(2) A 3 whereas the compound 2 crystallizes in monoclinic system P21/c with unit cell a = 10.069(7) A, b = 11.181(7) A, c = 18.156 A, β = 95.322(4)° and V = 2035.4(2) A 3 . The complex 1 contains one dimensional chain running along the a-axis and the complex 2 contains one dimensional chain running along the b-axis due to existence of different types of intermolecular interaction. The change in structure of the product is directly related to the reaction time i.e. reaction for lesser time produces mononuclear product and for longer time produces binuclear compound.Graphical AbstractThe reaction of cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate and N-tert-butyl-2-thioimidazole (tm t-Bu ) yielded products [k 2 -(tm t-Bu ) 2 ]CoCl 2 and [(tm t-Bu ) 2 Co 2 (µ-tm t-Bu ) 2 Cl 2 ]·CH 3 CN at different reaction time. These products are directly related to the reaction time i.e. reaction for lesser time produces mononuclear product and for longer time produces binuclear compound.[IMAGE]