Lithium sulfur (Li – S) battery has been considered as one of the most promising rechargeable batteries among various energy storage devices owing to their low cost, high specific capacity and energy density. Over the last decade, lithium sulfur (Li – S) batteries have been extensively studied because of the abundance of sulfur, their environmental benignity, and high gravimetric (2600 W h Kg-1) and (2800 W h L-1) energy densities and are promising candidates for meeting future-energy storage demands. However, the insulation of sulfur and high solubility of lithium poly sulfides, swelling of cathode value and formation of lithium dendrites results in the low utilization and poor cycling performance. Significant efforts have been made to trap poly sulfides via physical strategies using carbon based materials, but interactions between poly sulfides and carbon are so weak that the device performance is limited. Chemical strategies provide the relatively complemented routes for improving the batteries' electrochemical properties by introducing strong interactions between functional groups and (oxygen, nitrogen and boron, etc.) and chemical additives (metal, polymers, etc.) to the carbon structure and how these foreign guests immobilize the dissolved polysulfide. This review focused on recent studies have reported various material such as metal oxides and sulfides that interact strongly with poly sulfides species and can alleviate the dissolution problem by comparing the poly sulfides adsorption capability candidate materials to provide the useful strategy to screen for suitable candidate materials and valuable information for rational design. Overcoming the loss of active mass and stabilizing cell capacity at high rates is pivotal to the realization of practical Li-S cells. In this review, different separate concepts and materials were studied with the aim to improve the Li-S batteries capacity, cycle life and capacity retention.