Suitable Sorbent Research Articles

Adsorption behavior of zirconium metal–organic frameworks in multicomponent metal-ion solutions

Abstract In this study, the adsorptive behavior of zirconium metal–organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) was investigated for the adsorption of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions from multi-element aqueous solutions. Zr-MOFs exhibit high water stability, notable surface area, and a significant pore volume, all of which contribute to their enhanced adsorption capacity. Three Zr-MOFs, namely bare UiO-66, amine-functionalized NH2-UiO-66, and carboxyl-functionalized UiO-66-(COOH)2, were tested for the adsorption of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions. Among the 3 MOFs that were tested, only the carboxyl group-functionalized Zr-MOF showed significant adsorption capacity toward divalent metal ions. Further, a thorough investigation was conducted to understand how the pH, initial concentration of the solution, and Zr-MOF dosage impact the adsorption properties of UiO-66-(COOH)2. At the natural pH (6.5) of the solution, UiO-66-(COOH)2 exhibited a superior adsorption capacity toward Sr2+ (15.3 mg g−1) and Ca2+ (7.9 mg g−1), which was attributable to the stronger electrostatic attraction of these ions relative to monovalent ions. The kinetic study results indicated that the preferred mechanism of adsorption was chemisorption for divalent metal ions. Additionally, the adsorption behavior of UiO-66-(COOH)2 for 24 elements was evaluated and the MOF showed significant adsorption of Sr2+ and Ca2+ alongside other divalent and trivalent metal ions. The experimental findings of the present study suggest that carboxylic-functionalized Zr-MOF holds significant potential toward the preparation of suitable sorbents for the extraction of higher-valence metal ions.

In English

The aim of presented work was to synthesize geopolymers based on the metakaolin and to determine their adsorption capability in the process of cesium and strontium ions removal from the aqueous solutions. New approaches were proposed for obtaining the two samples of geopolymers in techologically suitable forms. Morphology of materials was investigated by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption and scanning electron microscopic studies (SEM). As it follow from the data of XRF analysis, SiO2 and Al2O3 oxides found to be the major components in all samples investigated (~ 54–84 wt. %). As was determined by SEM studies, geopolymers consisted from nanosized particles, amorphous geopolymers binder and unreacted kaolin. It has been found that all samples involve the mesopores with approx. 1–40 nm radii. The greatest specific surface area calculated by the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) method had the sample obtained in the forms of spherical rods (SBET = 88 m2/g) that about 10 times greater than for initial kaolin taken for synthesis. The ion exchange capacities of materials in the process of Cu2+, Cs+ and Sr2+ removal from water solution were determined and it was found that these properties depends on the method of materials obtaining. Data showed that the geopolymers were more effective for removal the desired ions than initial kaolin. The greatest adsorption capacity towards cesium ions was received on the samples obtained in forms of pyramids and was reached 1.75 mmol/g. Experimental data were fitted into the Langmuir models and the main Langmuir constants were calculated. When analysing the data of investigation with comparing the literature data it was noted that geopolymers obtained can be used in adsorption technology for purification of water from radionuclides as technologically suitable sorbents.

Evaluation of the Swelling Properties and Sorption Capacity of Maltodextrin-Based Cross-Linked Polymers.

The development of polymers obtained from renewable sources such as polysaccharides has gained scientific and industrial attention. Cross-linked bio-derived cationic polymers were synthesized via a sustainable approach exploiting a commercial maltodextrin product, namely, Glucidex 2®, as the building block, while diglycidyl ethers and triglycidyl ethers were used as the cross-linking agents. The polymer products were characterized via FTIR-ATR, TGA, DSC, XRD, SEM, elemental analysis, and zeta-potential measurements, to investigate their composition, structure, and properties. Polydispersed amorphous granules displaying thermal stabilities higher than 250 °C, nitrogen contents ranging from 0.8 wt % and 1.1 wt %, and zeta potential values between 10 mV and 15 mV were observed. Subsequently, water absorption capacity measurements ranging from 800% to 1500%, cross-linking density determination, and rheological evaluations demonstrated the promising gel-forming properties of the studied systems. Finally, nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate removal tests were performed to assess the possibility of employing the studied polymer products as suitable sorbents for water remediation. The results obtained from the ion chromatography technique showed high sorption rates, with 80% of nitrates, over 90% of sulfates, and total phosphates removal.

An Optimized and Validated QuEChERS-Based Method for the Determination of PCBs in Edible Aquatic Species

AbstractIn the present research, a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method was optimized and validated for the determination of 14 selected PCB congeners in mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and fish samples (Sparus aurata). The optimization included the selection of different QuEChERS procedures, extraction solvent, sample weight, and suitable sorbents for the clean-up step to achieve high sensitivity and minimal matrix interferences simultaneously. The identification and quantification of the selected PCBs were carried out using GC–MS. The method was validated providing in all cases excellent linearity (r2 above 0.99). Recoveries were estimated at three different fortification levels (10, 50, and 100 ng g−1) and ranged from 72.5 to 109.5% and 72.1 to 88.4% for mussel and fish samples, respectively. In addition, for both matrices, the LOQs ranged from 1 to 2.5 ng g−1. The matrix effect was in all cases < 29%, while the expanded uncertainty U%, which was estimated at all the fortification levels, was found below 53% in all cases. Eventually, the optimized and validated method was applied to mussel and fish samples acquired from aquacultures in NW Greece, revealing the absence of the selected congeners in all cases.

Stabilization of PFAS-contaminated soil with sewage sludge- and wood-based biochar sorbents

Sustainable and effective remediation technologies for the treatment of soil contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are greatly needed. This study investigated the effects of waste-based biochars on the leaching of PFAS from a sandy soil with a low total organic carbon content (TOC) of 0.57 ± 0.04 % impacted by PFAS from aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) dispersed at a former fire-fighting facility. Six different biochars (pyrolyzed at 700–900 °C) were tested, made from clean wood chips (CWC), waste timber (WT), activated waste timber (aWT), two digested sewage sludges (DSS-1 and DSS-2) and de-watered raw sewage sludge (DWSS). Up-flow column percolation tests (15 days and 16 pore volume replacements) with 1 % biochar indicated that the dominant congener in the soil, perfluorooctane sulphonic acid (PFOS) was retained best by the aWT biochar with a 99.9 % reduction in the leachate concentration, followed by sludge-based DWSS (98.9 %) and DSS-2 and DSS-1 (97.8 % and 91.6 %, respectively). The non-activated wood-based biochars (CWC and WT) on the other hand, reduced leaching by <42.4 %. Extrapolating this to field conditions, 90 % leaching of PFOS would occur after 15 y for unamended soil, and after 1200 y and 12,000 y, respectively, for soil amended with 1 % DWSS-amended and aWT biochar. The high effectiveness of aWT and the three sludge-based biochars in reducing PFAS leaching from the soil was attributed largely to high porosity in a pore size range (>1.5 nm) that can accommodate the large PFAS molecules (>1.02–2.20 nm) combined with a high affinity to the biochar matrix. Other factors like anionic exchange capacity could play a contributing role. Sorbent effectiveness was better for long-chain than for short-chain PFAS, due to weaker, apolar interactions between the biochar and the latter's shorter hydrophobic CF2-tails. The findings were the first to demonstrate that locally sourced activated wood-waste biochars and non-activated sewage sludge biochars could be suitable sorbents for the ex situ stabilization and in situ remediation of PFAS-contaminated soil, bringing this technology one step closer to full-scale field testing.

Impacts of multi-pollutants on sulfonamide antibiotic removal from water matrices using layered double hydroxide sorbents

Remediation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) present in the aqueous environment requires the development of new advanced wastewater treatment technologies, crucial to reduce the toxicity of such pollutants to the environment, supporting urban water reuse. Continuously synthesised layered double hydroxides (LDH) have been applied as a sorbent material for the removal of SMX from water. No equilibrium uptake of SMX was observed from any water matrix. However, an unusual sorption/release behaviour of SMX was observed in the presence of Mg2Al-NO3-LDH, influenced by the characteristics of the water matrix. A maximum SMX removal percentage of 34.7% was reached within 10 min, from ultrapure water, followed by release of SMX back into solution over the following 24 h. Further, Mg2Al-NO3-LDH is shown to release NO3- into all water matrices. It is proposed that NO3- disrupts the SMX-LDH interactions, resulting in release of SMX from the LDH. No initial SMX sorption was observed onto Mg2Al-NO3-LDH when wastewater effluent was the water matrix, likely due to competition for sorption sites on the LDH with multiple pollutants, including metals and additional anionic nutrients, present in the wastewater. This work illustrates the potential for relationships between the sorbent material and water matrix interactions on pollutant sorption behaviour. In addition, the findings highlight the importance of conducting removal experiments at realistic environmental conditions to ensure development of suitable sorbent materials for pollutant remediation.

Synthesis of core-shell magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles to disperse amine functionalities for post-combustion carbon dioxide capture

BackgroundPost-combustion capture technology appears a suitable approach to reduce the emission of CO2 by power plants. The use of solid sorbents would permit to overcome the limitations of the well-established liquid amine-based absorption process. In particular, mesoporous silica materials have been proposed as suitable sorbents especially if functionalized with amines. MethodsThe properties of as-synthesized (by using dodecylamine as synthesis amine) and calcined hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS), impregnated or not with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), were studied. Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were specifically used to obtain HMS core-shell nanoparticles in order to investigate the effect of the magnetite core on CO2 uptake capability. CO2 uptake measurements were carried out on all HMS and core-shell particles. Furthermore, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra and N2 adsorption/desorption measurements allowed analyzing some important properties of the sorbent particles, such as particle aggregation, incorporation and dispersion of amines, surface area, pore volume and pore size distribution. Significant FindingsThe best performance in terms of chemical CO2 uptake was obtained on core-shell material, calcined and impregnated with TEPA (about 89 mg/g), but also the as prepared core-shell sample impregnated with TEPA seems promising since the synthesis dodecylamine sites can be activated during the impregnation process.

Development and testing of novel functionalized polymeric thin-films for equilibrium passive sampling of PFAS compounds in water

The demand for an accurate assessment of exposure and risk from the presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the aquatic environment has created the need for new methods of measurements in water at sub-parts per trillion concentrations. We explored the concept of equilibrium passive sampling for PFAS using the strategy developed for other organic compounds. Equilibrium passive sampling should predict the concentration of the chemically labile fraction of PFAS in water based on equilibrium partitioning into the sampler, without the need for site-specific calibration. Our goals were to identify sampler materials with the potential to mimic PFAS partitioning into animals and sediments and provide reversible sorption in a time frame appropriate for in situ samplers. To achieve this goal, we tested a range of candidate materials, including three broad classes of polymers embedded with suitable sorbents for PFAS. The most promising synthesized thin films were activated carbon (AC) embedded in agarose, silica-bonded human serum albumin (s-HSA) embedded in Agarose, WAX embedded in cellulose acetate, and HLB embedded in PDMS, which yielded log sampler–water partition coefficients close to 3 for many PFAS compounds. Sampler equilibration time in water was approximately one week. Investigation of the isotherms suggested that the sorption can be described across the concentration range of interest, from the ng/L range commonly found in natural uncontaminated waters to the ug/L concentrations found in contaminated sites. Also, the selected films exhibited relatively rapid desorption of PFAS, indicating that the sorbents are capable of reversible, equilibrium measurements. The present study demonstrates a potential new approach to passive sampling of PFAS.

Fly ash sorbent modified with KMnO4 for the separation of important radionuclides

AbstractThe main aim of this work was to develop a suitable sorbent for the separation and determination of 226Ra through 133Ba (radio tracer) in water samples using fly ash sorbent. After the modification with KMnO4 the effects of pH, competing ions, the possibility of elution, and the effect of water volume were tested. As a suitable eluent 6 mol/L HCl was chosen, while the sorbent worked best at pH 6–8. The developed method is advantageous for minimizing the time required for separation, the volume of chemicals used, and the waste generated after separation.

Carbon Capture Using Porous Silica Materials.

As the primary greenhouse gas, CO2 emission has noticeably increased over the past decades resulting in global warming and climate change. Surprisingly, anthropogenic activities have increased atmospheric CO2 by 50% in less than 200 years, causing more frequent and severe rainfall, snowstorms, flash floods, droughts, heat waves, and rising sea levels in recent times. Hence, reducing the excess CO2 in the atmosphere is imperative to keep the global average temperature rise below 2 °C. Among many CO2 mitigation approaches, CO2 capture using porous materials is considered one of the most promising technologies. Porous solid materials such as carbons, silica, zeolites, hollow fibers, and alumina have been widely investigated in CO2 capture technologies. Interestingly, porous silica-based materials have recently emerged as excellent candidates for CO2 capture technologies due to their unique properties, including high surface area, pore volume, easy surface functionalization, excellent thermal, and mechanical stability, and low cost. Therefore, this review comprehensively covers major CO2 capture processes and their pros and cons, selecting a suitable sorbent, use of liquid amines, and highlights the recent progress of various porous silica materials, including amine-functionalized silica, their reaction mechanisms and synthesis processes. Moreover, CO2 adsorption capacities, gas selectivity, reusability, current challenges, and future directions of porous silica materials have also been discussed.

Polyamidoamine with a hyper-branched structure grafted on modified magnetic graphene oxide for the trace separation of diclofenac and acetaminophen followed by high-performance liquid chromatography determination

Different generations of polyamidoamine dendrimers were synthesized on a focal core of magnetic graphene oxide modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. After the characterization of synthesized dendrimers, its second generation was employed as a suitable sorbent for simultaneous separation/preconcentration of diclofenac and acetaminophen by a dispersive magnetic solid phase microextraction. The extracted analytes were then quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection were 0.3 µg/L for diclofenac and 0.1 µg/L for acetaminophen. The intra-day relative standard deviations at 50 μg L−1 levels were 1.8% for diclofenac and 2.1% for acetaminophen, while the inter-day relative standard deviations were 3.6% and 4.5% for diclofenac and acetaminophen, respectively. The calibration graphs were linear in ranges of 1.0–500.0 µg/L and 0.5–600.0 µg/L for diclofenac and acetaminophen, respectively, with good coefficients of determination (r2 > 0.998). The method was successfully applied to the determination of diclofenac and acetaminophen in water, milk, and biological samples.

Selective separation of Bi3+ from La3+/Ac3+ by sorption on sulfonated carbon materials for use in an inverse 225Ac/213Bi radionuclide generator: Batch and column tests

213Bi-labeled radiopharmaceuticals for cancer treatment are receiving considerable interest. 213Bi must be separated from the parent radionuclide 225Ac in a radionuclide generator, but the choice of a suitable sorbent material with high chemical and radiolytic stability is challenging. Present work reports on the synthesis of sulfonated carbon materials (SCMs) prepared by carbonization of methyl cellulose at temperatures between 300 and 800 °C, followed by a sulfonation process. These SCMs were evaluated as sorbents in inverse 225Ac/213Bi generators. The sulfonated carbon material prepared at 500 °C (SCM-500) was selected as the most promising candidate sorbent based on its unique aromatic carbon structure, sufficient amount of oxygen-containing functional groups, and selective sorption performance towards La3+/Bi3+. In addition, various variables, including the acidity of the solutions, salt concentrations, and sorption time have been evaluated for separating Bi3+ from La3+ (as a surrogate of Ac3+) by performing batch sorption experiments. SCM-500 was found to exhibit a high sorption Bi3+ selectivity over La3+ at low pH or in the presence of a high concentration of NaNO3. The optimized conditions in a column tests with this sorbent demonstrated a high chemical 213Bi yield (94 ± 3%) with less than 0.04% 225Ac relative to the eluted 213Bi activity. These results indicate that SCM-500 is a promising material for use in an inverse 225Ac/213Bi radionuclide generator. Furthermore, a conceptual design of an inverse 225Ac/213Bi radionuclide for medical applications is suggested based on the separation properties of SCM-500 and AG MP-50.

Removal of different vat dyes by Aspergillus niger: A comparative study focusing on the molecular structure

Vat dyes are the most commonly used dyes in the denim industry. Since the pollution of the textile industry is a worldwide problem, Aspergillus niger was used in this study, to treat vat dye wastewater by pre-culture and simultaneous-culture methods. A comparison between the two biosorption techniques used showed that pre-culture was about 30% more efficient than simultaneous culture. The adsorption capacity was determined using the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models, with Langmuir proving to be the most suitable model. The high saturation capacity of 121.35 mg/g for C.I. Vat Brown 1 calculated with the Langmuir adsorption model indicated that A.niger is a suitable sorbent for vat dye wastewater.To investigate the influence of dye structure on biosorption efficiency, eight vat dyes with different chemical characteristics were used. The results showed that the complete decolorization time was reduced by 200 and 150 min for planar and non-planar structures, respectively, due to the reduction of molecular mass, indicating that molecular mass is probably the dominant factor in vat dye removal. In addition, planar structures resulted in a 50-min reduction in biosorption time. The possible adsorption sites were analyzed by Fourier transfer infrared analysis. The results showed that the amino and carboxyl groups of the fungus could serve as sorption sites for vat dyes through hydrogen bonding.”

Study of Adsorption Efficiency of Lignite, Biochar, and Polymeric Nanofibers for Veterinary Drugs in WWTP Effluent Water

The increased consumption, overuse, and subsequent difficult removal of pharmaceuticals using conventional processes lead to their rising prevalence in the environment. Adsorption belongs to the most efficient approaches to pharmaceuticals’ removal from wastewater. This study provides insight into the sorption properties of biochar, lignite, and polyamide nanofibers (PA-nanofibers) for sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, clarithromycin, azithromycin, and amoxicillin in ultrapure and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent water. The negative effect of WWTP effluent water was reflected in a reduction of the sorption capacity of biochar by 6.31–72.15%, 25.58–98.55% for lignite, and 4.21–67.71% for PA-nanofibers. Simultaneously, this study investigates the impact of the experimental setup. The sorption capacities were recorded in the range from 0.65 to 2.84 mg g−1 for biochar, 0.04 to 75.73 μg·g−1 for lignite, and 0.53 to 30.54 μg·g−1 for PA-nanofibers during the fixed-bed column tests with WWTP effluent water. Based on the results, biochar appears to be a suitable sorbent for selected pharmaceuticals in field conditions with running water. Lignite and PA represent complementary treatment technology or can act as a carrier for microbial degraders. Performed batch tests with ultrapure and WWTP effluent water and subsequent column tests highlighted the importance of conducting tests with the appropriate matrix and experimental setup to gain a realistic insight into the behavior of the sorbents under environmentally relevant conditions.Graphical

Application of Clay Materials for Sorption of Radionuclides from Waste Solutions

The wide application of nuclear resources in various fields has resulted in the production of radioactive waste, which poses a serious threat to lives and the environment. Nuclear waste contains long-lived radionuclides and, due to its mobility in environments, the proper management of generated waste is necessary. To impede the mobility of radionuclides in environments, various materials have been tested as suitable sorbents under different experimental conditions. In this review, we thoroughly discuss some key and recent contributions to the application of natural clays (NCs) and modified/functionalized clays (MCs) for the sorption of various radionuclides in their cationic and anion forms from (simulated) waste solutions under different experimental conditions. More specifically, we discuss the key developments toward the use of natural clays for the efficient sorption of various radioactive contaminates. Later, this review targets the modification/functionalization of natural clays using various organic moieties to improve their removal capacities for various radionuclides/hazardous ions present in waste solutions. Finally, we summarize the major aspects and highlight the key challenges to be addressed in future studies to further enhance the application of clays and clay-based materials for selective and effective removal of various radionuclides from waste solutions.

Experimental and theoretical observations in a mixed mode dispersive solid phase extraction of exogenous surfactants from exhaled breath condensate prior to HPLC-MS/MS analysis

A mixed mode dispersive solid phase extraction method was introduced for the extraction of three lung surfactants from exhaled breath condensate samples. Considering the trends to green analytical chemistry, organic polymers including polystyrene (PS), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA-15 K), and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA-45 K) were utilized as the sorbent for extraction of the analytes. The extraction capability for each polymer toward the studied analytes was evaluated using simplex centroid design. Based on the results, a mixture of sorbents consisting of PS, PMMA-15 K, and PMMA-45 K mixture with the mass ratio of 1:2:1: w/w/w was selected as the suitable sorbent. The effective parameters influencing the method's efficiency were investigated and optimized. Based on the figure of merit for the developed method, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.76–1000 ng mL–1 and limits of detection were from 0.09 to 0.19 ng mL–1. The method repeatability was investigated at three concentrations as inter- and intra-day precisions and the obtained data showed that they were in the ranges of 5.2–9.1 and 4.2–8.9%, respectively. The enrichment factors were in the range of 88–100. The developed method was successfully employed in the analysis of the surfactants in the exhaled breath samples of three premature infants collected from the expiratory circuits of the mechanical ventilators. The nature of the chemical interactions with PMMA-PS complex system of the surfactants was investigated through Density Functional Theory calculations. Calculated binding energies showed that PMMA-PS complex system exhibit high performance in the extraction of lung surfactants. The most powerful interaction is between PMMA-PS complex system and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylsn‑glycero-3-phosphocholine.

Fully soluble polymeric foams for in-vial dried blood spot collection and analysis of acidic drugs by capillary electrophoresis

Polymeric foams tailor-made of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and carboxymethylcellulose/oxidized 6-carboxycellulose (CMC07/OC) composite were proposed as suitable sorbents for the collection and analysis of dried blood spots (DBSs). The PVP and CMC07/OC foams were easy to prepare, enabled collection of minute volumes of capillary blood, and blood drying at ambient temperature. The resulting foams were prepared as small porous discs with uniform dimensions (approx. 6 × 3 mm) and were fully soluble in aqueous solutions. The DBSs were formed in standard capillary electrophoresis (CE) vials fitted with the soluble foam discs and enabled the direct in-vial DBS processing and at-line analysis by CE. The DBSs were pretreated with a simple process, which involved a complete dissolution of the foam disc in an acidic solution and a simultaneous hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) in one step. The complete solubility of the foam disc with the DBS served for a quantitative transfer of all blood components into the eluate and a nearly exhaustive HF-LPME of target analytes, whereas the blood matrix and the polymeric foam components were efficiently retained by the organic solvent impregnated in the walls of the HF. The suitability of the PVP and CMC07/OC foams for the collection and the direct analysis of DBSs was demonstrated by the HF-LPME/CE determination of model acidic drugs (warfarin, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, and diclofenac) at therapeutically relevant concentrations. Repeatability of the analytical method was better than 8.1% (RSD), extraction recoveries ranged from 70 to 99% (for PVP foam), calibration curves were linear over two orders of magnitude (R2 higher than 0.9991), and limits of detection were less than 44 μg/L (for concentrations in undiluted capillary blood). The soluble polymeric foams exhibited non-significant variations in analyte concentrations for DBSs prepared from blood samples with different hematocrit levels and for aged DBSs (less than 9.2%), moreover, they outperformed standard DBS sampling devices in terms of sample pretreatment time and extraction recovery.

Overview of Recent Development of Needle-Trap Devices for Analysis of Volatile Compounds

Needle-trap devices (NTDs) are another sorbent-based tool in the haystack of methods used in analytical extractions. Syringe needles, similar to those used for gas chromatography (GC) injection, can be partially filled with suitable sorbents and are used for extracting and collecting volatile organics, followed by injection into a GC instrument via thermal desorption. Although NTDs share many similarities and advantages of solid-phase microextraction (SPME), the larger sorbent bed provides robustness and offers potentially exhaustive extractions. This month, we take a look at the principles and applications of NTDs, and recent developments in their use.

Fe-Al bimetallic oxides functionalized-biochar via ball milling for enhanced adsorption of tetracycline in water

The clusters formed by modified materials on its surface makes the application of functionalized biochars in adsorption face a great challenge. Here, a facile ball milling technology was innovatively proposed to tailor Fe-Al oxides-laden bagasse biochar to fabricate a novel adsorbent (BMFA-BC). Benefited from the increased exposure of Fe-Al oxides and, more importantly, enhanced functional groups by ball milling, the adsorption capacity of BMFA-BC for aqueous tetracycline reached up to 116.6 mg g−1 at 298 K. And the adsorption performance was temperature-dependent. Characterization analysis, batch sorption (thermodynamics, kinetics, isotherms, chemical factors) as well as data modeling illustrated that this superior adsorption ability could be attributed to π-π conjugation, H-bonding, complexation as well as pore filling. BMFA-BC displayed good adsorption capacity in multiple aqueous environments. The excellent regeneration ability, magnetic susceptibility ensured its viability for sustainable pollutants removal. These superiorities revealed that BMFA-BC was a suitable sorbent for antibiotics elimination.

Combination of Moringa Oleifera Seed Powder and Iron Sulfate Heptahydrate Salt as Biopolymer Based Matrix for Application as Adsorbent for Odor Inhibition in Poultry Farms

A biopolymer based matrix of M. Oleifera Seed Powder (MOSP) and Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate (FSH) salt was formulated as adsorbent for odor inhibition in poultry farms. The matrix was characterized using FT-IR technique and its performance as adsorbent for NH4+ removal from aqueous solutions was examined via sorption studies. The result showed an excellent sorption performance at 0.1 g sorbent dosage, pH of 9 and 30 min agitation time. This indicates that the matrix possess an excellent ion exchange property and thus a suitable sorbent for NH4+ even in low concentration environment. The study reveals the capacity of the adsorptive matrix as a safe and cost-effective method to be used for ammoniacal odor control from poultry farms which may be applicable to other animal farm operations (AFOs).