Suitable Mapping Research Articles

A Geospatial Approach to Enhance Point of the Interest and Tourism Potential Centers in Parner Tehsil in Maharashtra, India

This study aims to identify geographical points of interest and tourism potential in Parner tehsil of Ahmednagar District of Maharashtra and to highlight the attractive tourist destinations and religious places in the region. To the introduced exact situation and importance of many wonderful, useful distinctive places and geographical point of interest in Parner tehsil. This paper is descriptive in nature and qualitative study based on empirical observations. This study based on primary and secondary data. All natural geographical, historical and cultural tourist centers were visited during study period. Parner tehsil is enriched of geographical, historical, and cultural tourism aspects. Suitable maps were prepared with the help of QGIS and ARC MAP software’s for the ease of tourists. Tourist attractions in the tehsil as is, natural beauty, potholes, caves, temples, ideal village, industries, festivals etc. Even though Nighoj potholes and Vadgaon Darya caves are famous geographical destinations but other places are neglected by tourism industry experts. This paper will also become much helpful for planner, tourists, historians, geographers and archeologists to access remote but well known destinations.

Mutual Influence of Geometric Parameters and Mechanical Properties on Thermal Stresses in Composite Laminated Plates with Rectangular Holes

In this research, the mutual influence of the mechanical properties and geometric parameters on thermal stress distribution in symmetric composite plates with a quasi-rectangular hole subjected to uniform heat flux is examined analytically using the complex variable technique. The analytical solution is obtained based on the thermo-elastic theory and the Lekhnitskii’s method. Furthermore, by employing a suitable mapping function, the solution of symmetric laminates containing a circular hole is extended to the quasi-rectangular hole. The effect of important parameters including the stacking sequence of laminates, the angular position, the bluntness, and the aspect ratio of the hole and the flux angle in the stacking sequence of [45/−45]s for composite materials are examined in relation to the thermal stress distribution. The thermal insulated state and Neumann boundary conditions at the hole edge are taken into account. It is found out that the hole rotation angles and heat flux angle play key roles in obtaining the optimum thermal stress distribution around the hole. The present analytical method can well investigate the interaction of effective parameters on symmetric multilayer composites under heat flux.

Effect of stacking sequence on thermal stresses in laminated plates with a quasi-square cutout using the complex variable method

In this research, the influence of the laminate stacking sequence on thermal stress distribution in symmetric composite plates with a quasi-square cutout subjected to uniform heat flux is examined analytically using the complex variable technique. The analytical solution is obtained based on the thermo-elastic theory and the Lekhnitskii's method. Furthermore, by employing a suitable mapping function, the solution of symmetric laminates containing a circular cutout is extended to the quasi-square cutout. The effect of important parameters including the stacking sequence of laminates, the angular position, the bluntness, the aspect ratio of cutout, the flux angle and the composite material are examined on the thermal stress distribution. It is found out that the circular shape for cutout may not necessarily be the optimum geometry for all stacking sequences. The finite element analysis results are used to validate the analytical solution.

Phenology based classification index method for land cover mapping from hyperspectral imagery

Remote sensing imagery classification contributes assistance to real-time applications for comfort and secures the society. The imagery of satellites entirely depends on the sensor type in satellites. Phenology reflection varies based on the land cover type, which absorbs external energy. Multispectral high-resolution imagery has the maximum details about the earth’s surface. This research work defines phenology based classification approach, which can produce precise high precision land cover classification. The need to develop a phenology based methodology reflects on the vegetation development classification and produces a much more suitable land cover map based on reflection values. The RGB channel values of the image do not influence this technique of reflection phenology classification. Phenology Based Classification Index (PBCI) supervised method is used to classify the high-resolution multispectral imagery with improved phenology classification methods. PBCI works on the passive sensor satellite images, without clouds and shadow in classification. The proposed method has compared with existing phenology classification methods using more than seven quality metrics.

A novel multi-objective mathematical model for designing a strategy map with goal programming approach

The advantage of the balances scorecard (BSC) is that it considers financial and non-financial aspects simultaneously so that each of them has corresponding indicators and each indicator supported with one or more initiative(s). Selecting identified objectives in light of the importance by considering organisational constraints (i.e., resources) are important, as well as determining cause and effect relationships between them in different aspects. The purpose of this paper is to select strategic objectives from identified potential strategic objectives and selecting the important relationships between them. This paper presents a goal programming approach to model building strategy map. This model contains three goals, these goals related to relative importance of strategic objectives (G1), number of casual relationships (G2) and relative importance of relationships (G3). Finally, by solving a problem as a real case of a business company with different targets and different weight for objectives, the performance of the developed model has been examined. Results represent the model's efficiency in presenting a suitable strategy map according to the decision makers' want and organisational constraints.

Digital image dimension and space reduction with contraction mapping

A digital image can be represented as two dimensional arrays of pixels. In this paper a simple but representative system of contractive mapping on Euclidean plane, called the digital plane is used for image processing to generate images with reduced dimension occupying less storage space and can be efficiently transmitted. With suitable matrix metric and contraction mapping, size of the original image matrix is diminished significantly by reducing the order of sub matrices and hence images of reduced size without much compromise to the quality of image is obtained. The variations between the original and contracted image are not too pronounced when the images are of large size and are seen on small screen (mobile, tablets etc.)

More on linear and metric tree maps

We consider linear and metric self-maps on vertex sets of finite combinatorial trees. Linear maps are maps which preserve intervals between pairs of vertices whereas metric maps are maps which do not increase distances between pairs of vertices. We obtain criteria for a given linear or a metric map to be a positive (negative) under some orientation of the edges in a tree, we characterize trees which admit maps with Markov graphs being paths and prove that the converse of any partial functional digraph is isomorphic to a Markov graph for some suitable map on a tree.

Smartphone based indoor localization using permanent magnets and artificial intelligence for pattern recognition

Smartphone-based indoor localization methods are frequently employed for position estimation of users inside enclosures like malls, conferences, and crowded venues. Existing solutions extensively use wireless technologies, like Wi-Fi, RFID, and magnetic sensing. However, these approaches depend on the presence of active beacons and suitable mapping surveys of the deployed areas, which render them highly sensitive to the local ambient field clutters. Thus, current localization systems often underperform. We embed small-volume and large-moment magnets in pre-known locations and arrange them in specific geometric forms. Each constellation of magnets creates a super-structure pattern of supervised magnetic signatures. These signatures constitute an unambiguous magnetic environment with respect to the moving sensor carrier. The localization algorithm learns the unique patterns of the scattered magnets during training and detects them from the ongoing streaming of data during localization. Our work innovates regarding two essential features: first, instead of relying on active magnetic transmitters, we deploy passive permanent magnets that do not require a power supply. Second, we perform localization based on smartphone motion rather than on static positioning of the magnetometer. Therefore, we present a novel and unique dynamic indoor localization method combined with artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for post-processing. Experimental results have demonstrated localization accuracy of 95% with a resolution of less than 1m.

MetaRadar: Indoor Localization by Reconfigurable Metamaterials

Indoor localization has drawn much attention owing to its potential for supporting location based services. Among various indoor localization techniques, the received signal strength (RSS) based technique is widely researched. However, in conventional RSS based systems where the radio environment is unconfigurable, adjacent locations may have similar RSS values, which limits the localization precision. In this paper, we present MetaRadar, which explores reconfigurable radio reflection with a surface/plane made of metamaterial units for multi-user localization. By changing the reflectivity of metamaterial, MetaRadar modifies the radio channels at different locations, and improves localization accuracy by making RSS values at adjacent locations have significant differences. However, in MetaRadar, it is challenging to build radio maps for all the radio environments generated by metamaterial units and select suitable maps from all the possible maps to realize a high accuracy localization. To tackle this challenge, we propose a compressive construction technique which can predict all the possible radio maps, and propose a configuration optimization algorithm to select favorable metamaterial reflectivities and the corresponding radio maps. The experimental results show a significant improvement from a decimeter-level localization error in the traditional RSS-based systems to a centimeter-level one in MetaRadar.

The Land Use Mapping Techniques (Including the Areas Used by Pedestrians) Based on Low-Level Aerial Imagery

Traditionally, chorochromatic maps with a qualitative measurement level are used for land use presentations. Along with the use of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), it became possible to register dynamic phenomena in a small space. We analyze the application of qualitative and quantitative mapping methods to visualize land use in a dynamic context thanks to cyclically obtained UAV imaging. The aim of the research is to produce thematic maps showing the actual land use of the small area urbanized by pedestrians. The research was based on low-level aerial imagery that recorded the movement of pedestrians in the research area. Additionally, based on the observation of pedestrian movement, researchers pointed out the areas of land that pedestrians used incorrectly. For this purpose, the author will present his own concept of the point-to-polygon transformation of pedestrians’ representation. The research was an opportunity to demonstrate suitable mapping techniques to effectively convey the information on land use by pedestrians. The results allowed the authors of this article to draw conclusions on the choice of suitable mapping techniques during the process of thematic land use map design and to specify further areas for research.

Energy minimizing N-covering maps in two dimensions

We show that the N-covering map, which in complex coordinates is given by u_{_{scriptscriptstyle {N}}}(z):=z mapsto z^{N}/sqrt{N}|z|^{N-1} and where N is a natural number, is a global minimizer of the Dirichlet energy mathbb {D}(v)=int _B |nabla v(x)|^2 , dx with respect to so-called inner and outer variations. An inner variation of u_{_{scriptscriptstyle {N}}} is a map of the form u_{_{scriptscriptstyle {N}}}circ varphi , where varphi belongs to the class mathcal {A}(B):={varphi in H^1(B;mathbb {R}^2): det nabla varphi = 1 text {a.e.}, varphi arrowvert _{partial B}(x) = x} and B denotes the unit ball in mathbb {R}^2, while an outer variation of u_{_{scriptscriptstyle {N}}} is a map of the form phi circ u_{_{scriptscriptstyle {N}}}, where phi belongs to the class mathcal {A}(B(0,1/sqrt{N})). The novelty of our approach to inner variations is to write the Dirichlet energy of u_{_{scriptscriptstyle {N}}}circ varphi in terms of the functional I(psi ;N):= int _{B} N |psi _{_R}|^2 + frac{1}{N} |psi _tau |^2 , dy, where psi is a suitably defined inverse of varphi , and psi _{_R} and psi _{tau } are, respectively, the radial and angular weak derivatives of psi , and then to minimise I(psi ;N) by considering a series of auxiliary variational problems of isoperimetric type. This approach extends to include p-growth functionals (p>1) provided the class mathcal {A}(B) is suitably adapted. When 1<p<2, this adaptation is delicate and relies on the deep results of Barchiesi et al. on the space they refer to in Barchiesi et al. (Arch Ration Mech Anal 224(2):743–816, 2017) as mathcal {A}_p. A technique due to Sivaloganthan and Spector (Arch Ration Mech Anal 196:363–394, 2010) can be applied to outer variations. We also show that there is a large class of variations of the form v=h,circ ,u_2,circ ,g, where h and g are suitable measure-preserving maps, in which u_2 is a local minimizer of the Dirichlet energy . The proof of this fact requires a careful calculation of the second variation of mathbb {D}(v(cdot ,delta )), which quantity turns out to be non-negative in general and zero only when mathbb {D}(v(cdot ,delta ))=mathbb {D}(u_2).

Macrozonation of seismic transient and permanent ground deformation of Iran

Abstract. Iran is located on the Alpide earthquake belt, in the active collision zone between the Eurasian and Arabian plates. This issue makes Iran a country that suffers from geotechnical seismic hazards associated with frequent destructive earthquakes. Also, according to the rapid growth of population and demands for construction lifelines, risk assessment studies which should be carried out in order to reduce the probable damages are necessary. The most important destructive effects of earthquakes on lifelines are transient and permanent ground displacements. The availability of the map of the displacements caused by liquefaction, landslide, and surface fault rupture can be a useful reference for researchers and engineers who want to carry out a risk assessment project for each specific region of the country. In this study, these precise maps are produced and presented by using a considerable number of GIS-based analyses and by employing the HAZUS methodology. It is important to note that a required accuracy for risk assessment is approximately around the macro scale. So, in order to produce a suitable map for risk assessment goals, in terms of accuracy, the GIS-based analyses are employed to map all of Iran.

Suitability of map data for processing of pedestrian analysis questionnaire in small towns

From a historical point of view, pedestrian movement is the oldest way one moves from place to place. It is a basic, most natural and environmentally friendly means of transport, which is unattractive for many individuals in terms of today’s trends. Walking is absolutely indispensable for the creation of cities, especially their public space, as it alone allows people to interact with their surroundings. Public space in cities is an essential element that ensures the existence of a settlement, its life and the life of its inhabitants. If we consider as a premise the fact that cities are created for people’s living, public space fulfills the functions of socializing, communicating, passing, etc. - that is, a function that supports the community of society. The analysis of the permeability of settlements, especially of small towns, is one of the most important documents for the creation and regeneration of the public space. A questionnaire survey is one of the methods for its quality processing, which is most easily done by plotting the map. Choosing a suitable map background that is sufficiently understandable to the general public is the first prerequisite to obtain quality data for this analysis.

Exploring the SSBreakome: genome-wide mapping of DNA single-strand breaks by next-generation sequencing.

Mapping the genome-wide distribution of DNA lesions is key to understanding damage signalling and DNA repair in the context of genome and chromatin structure. Analytical tools based on high-throughput next-generation sequencing have revolutionized our progress with such investigations, and numerous methods are now available for various base lesions and modifications as well as for DNA double-strand breaks. Considering that single-strand breaks are by far the most common type of lesion and arise not only from exposure to exogenous DNA-damaging agents, but also as obligatory intermediates of DNA replication, recombination and repair, it is surprising that our insight into their genome-wide patterns, that is the 'SSBreakome', has remained rather obscure until recently, due to a lack of suitable mapping technology. Here we briefly review classical methods for analysing single-strand breaks and discuss and compare in detail a series of recently developed high-resolution approaches for the genome-wide mapping of these lesions, their advantages and limitations and how they have already provided valuable insight into the impact of this type of damage on the genome.

Analysis of the urban heat island under different synoptic patterns using local climate zones

Characterising the spatio-temporal variability of the Urban Heat Island intensity (UHII) is of utmost importance to understand processes related to air pollution dispersion and thermal comfort. However, this feature is still under-researched in most global cities due to instrument limitations or lack of expertise. This study aims at investigating the influences of standard and subclasses of Local Climate Zones (LCZ) on the behaviour of the UHI in a Brazilian city, using LCZs classification/sub-classification and in situ near-surface air temperature observations. Cluster analysis applied to daily meteorological data split the study period into five groups with similar weather characteristics. Each cluster was dominated by a combination of weather systems acting over the region which, in turn, determined the strength of the UHII. The overall diurnal UHII was strong during the nights and early mornings, with mean maximum values of 6.0 °C, and around 0 °C or negative during the rest of the day. The largest UHII (11.0 °C) was registered under anticyclone conditions, whilst the smallest ones (around 0 °C) were always observed under overcast and rainy conditions regulated by the passage of troughs, cold fronts and mesoscale complex systems. The spatial distribution of the nocturnal UHII based on the sampled and predicted LCZ temperature analysis showed that the central areas were substantially warmer than the suburban and rural areas. The introduction of six LCZ sub-classes revealed to be a suitable mapping approach to describe the land use and cover and evaluate the air temperature field in areas with mixed urban fabric . The LCZ map helped identify key climatic areas which could be used in planning strategies to target the UHI effects and create both aesthetically pleasant and healthy cities.

Delineation of groundwater recharge zones in the Mitidja plain, north Algeria, using multi-criteria analysis

Abstract This work aims to identify the potential groundwater recharge zones in the Mitidja plain (north Algeria) using the multi-criteria approach. The analysis was based on the use of a geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing to establish eight thematic maps, weighted, categorized and inserted, that allowed us to establish the potential zones’ map for groundwater recharge. Three potential groundwater recharge classes were defined corresponding, respectively, to low (26%), moderate (47%) and high (27%). The best groundwater potential zones are situated in the piedmont of the Blidean Atlas (the south of the study area), precisely, upstream near to wadis (wadi El Harrach, wadi Djemaa, wadi Mazafran) and the western aquifer limit, where the hydrogeological units are formed by the alluvium formation which is characterized by high hydraulic conductivity, high water flow, low slope, low drainage, low quantity transported sediments and good water quality. The obtained results, in this work, describe the groundwater recharge potential areas and supply information for a suitable mapping and the management of aquifer resources in the study area.

Determining thresholds of arsenic and mercury in stream sediment for mapping natural toxic element anomaly using data-driven models: a comparative study on probability plots and fractal methods

Natural toxic elements such as arsenic and mercury are widespread distributed in nature and the over accumulation of them usually has adverse effects on both environment and human beings. Therefore, to assess potential toxicity of these elements in natural environment such as water, soil, and stream sediment, it is significant to determine thresholds between anomalous and background geochemical data for identifying and mapping target areas with toxic element geochemical anomaly. In terms of data-driven, this study aims to demonstration of using the four statistical models that are box plot (BP), cumulative distribution function (CDF) diagram, concentration-number (C-N) fractal, and concentration-area (C-A) fractal methods to determine the threshold values of As and Hg in stream sediment for mapping their potential toxic anomaly in Pangxidong district, southwestern Guangdong, China, and compare the results critically. Firstly, a wide range of threshold values have been estimated by the four investigated data-driven methods. Then, the three threshold values of As and Hg that separate background data from low, moderate, and high geochemical anomalies determined by BP, CDF diagram, C-N fractal, and C-A fractal models were compared with the three level baselines defined in the Environmental Quality Standard for Soil in China (EQSSC). Furtherly, the geochemical anomaly maps of As and Hg were outlined by using the three threshold values to investigate the performance of the four data-driven methods in practical application of mapping natural toxic element anomaly. Finally, the contaminations of As and Hg in the study area were evaluated based on the suitable geochemical anomaly maps derived by the applicable data-driven method (i.e. CDF diagram). The main conclusions are that (1) of the four investigated data-driven methods, CDF diagram is the most suited for assist in the estimation of proper threshold values of As and Hg dividing geochemical background data from anomalies in the Pangxidong district; and (2) the contaminations of As mainly come from natural sources (i.e., bedrocks), while the contaminations of Hg are most likely to originate from anthropogenic factors (i.e., mining activities) in the Pangxidong district. The target areas, particular to the southern Wuling Reservoir, which have been identified with high As and Hg anomaly, probably should be taken effective measures to prevent the occurrences of pollution and toxicity from these elements.

Evaluating a Suitable Aquaculture Site Selection Model for Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) during Extreme Events in the Inner Bay of the Penghu Islands, Taiwan

Despite numerous studies on the effect of a cold weather disaster on fisheries in 2008, no operational systems have been developed to monitor the threat of such an event to mariculturists in the Penghu Islands (PHI) region of Taiwan. The present study employed a suitable aquaculture site selection map of the inner bay of the PHI to reduce aquaculture losses and mortality rates of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) during extreme events. Daily marine environmental data, including sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll-a concentration (chl-a), and wind speed in the winter, were collected. An extreme event was defined as a period of over 11 days in a month of strong winds (&gt;6 m/s). Four parameters in the PHI inner bay, including SST, cold-water intrusion days, chl-a, and offshore distance to the PHI coastline, were used to evaluate suitable aquaculture sites for cobia culture. The results indicated that La Niña events could not be used as a factor to detect cold-water intrusion events and select suitable aquaculture sites in the PHI. The evaluated suitable aquaculture site selection map, obtained using an arithmetic mean model and a geometric mean model, revealed that the avoidance sites during extreme events were concentrated in the northern and northwestern PHI. Suitable areas were concentrated in the southeastern areas. We further suggested that commercial cobia aquaculture operations in the PHI inner bay could be moved to the suitable sites in southeastern PHI during extreme events.

Collaboratively augmented UIP – Filtered RIP with relevancy mapping for personalization of web search

Personalized information retrieval has become more crucial and challenging in today’s time, as every user is demanding information according to their own perspectives. To achieve personalization, this paper proposes a methodology with a focus on the selection of an effective composition corresponding to various supporting modules of a personalization methodology. Collaborative tagging can be quite helpful in constructing User Interest Profile (UIP) and Resource Illustration Profile (RIP). The proposed methodology also focuses on UIP augmentation using multiple strategies; and a novel approach has also been designed to handle outlier tags which caused ambiguity in collective RIP. Even a good UIP and RIP alone cannot create an efficient personalization methodology; they also require a suitable mapping with user’s query requirement. Therefore, in the proposed methodology, the fuzzy satisfaction requirement-based novel mapping functions have been designed to measure query relevance score and user interest relevance score for a web resource. These scores have been further used to calculate the post-relevance score of a web resource after a suitable trade-off. Experiments using the del.icio.us dataset show that the proposed methodology has outperformed each and every baseline by a considerable margin.

Co-creation in tourism: a systematic mapping study

Purpose The purpose of this study is to organize and analyze the existing literature on co-creation in tourism to identify the state-of-the-art studies and the research gap in this field. Design/methodology/approach As the research questions seek to provide an overview of the studies in the available literature, the systematic mapping study (SMS) has been selected as the research method. A suitable mapping study method for analyzing and structuring a broad research field concerning methods, designs and research focuses on the existing publications. In total, 137 articles published during 2006–2019 in reliable academic databases such as Science Direct, Emerald, Scopus, Wiley, ProQuest, Sage, Web of Science and Taylor and Francis were selected and analyzed. Findings The results show a rising trend of published articles in tourism, with the maximum number published in 2019 and the minimum number in 2006. Also, analysis of input articles revealed that most of the studies focused on the antecedents and prerequisites for co-creation and paid less attention to the co-creation context. Other findings show that in the field of tourism, the hospitality sector, especially hotels have paid special attention to co-creation. The majority of papers were the empirical type with quantitative design. Furthermore, most studies used the survey method, while the case study and other methods were the next choices. Originality/value This study addresses a major research gap by summarizing the literature related to value co-creation with a specific focus on tourism using the SMS method that provides an overview of the studies in this field. Categorizing papers through SMS helps researchers to review the status of studies in a visual summary to identify gaps and directions for future research.