Suicide Intent Scale Research Articles

Psychosocial and Psychiatric Factors Associated with Expected Fatality during Suicide Attempt in Men and Women.

Differential factors that influence intention and subjectively perceived fatality during non-fatal suicidal acts amongst men and women have rarely been explored in the extant literature. Exploring these factors may help to understand how they influence medical outcomes and may also be used in a post-crisis counselling. This study aims to assess factors influencing intent in relation to expected fatality during suicidal acts in men and women. In the current study, 433 individuals who attempted suicide (age 24.89±0.98 years, male/female ratio=1.29) were surveyed using the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Suicide Intent Scale, Plutchik Feelings and Acts of Violence Scale, and Spielberger State/Trait Anger Scale. Life stress was evaluated as an accumulation of negative life events, whilst psychiatric disorders were assessed using CIDI 2.1 inventory. It was found that the higher expected fatality was associated with higher suicide intention scores, whereas the medical severity of attempts and violent/non-violent attempts distribution did not differ between groups. Although there was no difference in suicide intent scores and medical severity between men and women, men demonstrated a 2.4-3.5 times higher proportion of violent attempts, depending on the group. Higher perceived fatality was associated with lower general well-being, higher depression and violence, hopelessness, and total life stress in men, whereas among women higher perceived fatality was only associated with total life stress. Moreover, in men and women, higher intent and expected fatality was associated with a differential set of negative life events that occurred during childhood. The prevalence of mental health disturbances in the entire sample was about 50% and equally distributed among men and women. However, addictions prevailed among men, while neurotic and stress-related disorders were more common among women. Among those who expected more fatality the number of people with diagnoses and comorbidity was higher, especially in men. There is a difference in risk factors for expected fatality and intent in men and women attempting suicide, which may not necessarily result in severe medical outcomes but may help during the post-crisis counseling of suicide attempters. Expected fatality deserves more attention as a component of general intent. An in-depth study of this phenomenon may help to understand motives of men and women attempting suicide and help prevent future suicidal attempts.

Excess mortality by suicide in high-risk subgroups of suicide attempters: a prospective study of standardised mortality rates in suicide attempters examined at a medical emergency inpatient unit

ObjectivesThe primary aim of the present study was to investigate the putative excess mortality by suicide in suicide attempters. As a secondary aim, we investigate excess mortality in specific, clinically...

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in war veterans with or without a history of suicide attempt

BackgroundBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a central role in brain development and plasticity and has been demonstrated to be altered in neuropsychiatric diseases and suicidal behavior. We examined whether there is a difference with regard to plasma BDNF levels between veterans who made or did not make a suicide attempt post-deployment. MethodsCombat veterans who made or did not make post-deployment suicide attempts were interviewed using Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS) and the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI). Reaction to the most recent suicide attempt was evaluated using item 16 of the Suicide Intent Scale. Plasma BDNF levels were determined by the BDNF ELISA kit. ResultsControlling for age and body-mass index (BMI), BDNF levels were higher among suicide attempters than non-attempters. We observed a positive correlation between BDNF levels and SSI scores among non-attempters but not among attempters. BDNF levels positively correlated with BIS scores among suicide attempters but not among non-attempters. Suicide attempters who regretted that they made a suicide attempt had significantly higher BDNF levels in comparison to attempters who did not regret their attempts, controlling or not controlling for age and BMI. LimitationsA modest sample size is a shortcoming of our study. ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that BDNF may be involved in the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior in combat veterans. Given the relative ease of measuring plasma BDNF levels, it may be appropriate to consider adding such assessments to studies of suicidal behavior.

Free Papers Compiled

Background:In patients suffering with anxiety spectrum disorders like generalized anxiety disorder, phobias, obsessive compulsive disorder, panic attacks/disorder, there may be increased risk of suicide. There are only few studies which revealed that increase in the severity of anxiety is associated with increased risk of suicide. Hence, we aimed to assess the prevalence of suicide risks among patients with Anxiety Spectrum disorders attending Psychiatry OPD in a tertiary care hospital.Methodology:This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done between January 2021 to April 2021.A total of 100 patients diagnosed to have different anxiety spectrum disorders diagnosed according to International classification of diseases -10 criteria are included in the study. Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety was applied to assess the severity of anxiety and the suicide risk was assessed using Beck’s Suicide Intent Scale. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 24 using appropriate statistical tests.Results:Our study showed no significant association between the severity of anxiety and risk of suicide. There was no significant association between the duration of anxiety with the suicide risk.Conclusion:We found that there is no increased risk of suicide in patients with severe anxiety. But still there is a need to assess the risk of suicide in patients with anxiety disorders as in our study patients with obsessive compulsive disorders showed high scores on Beck suicide intent scale.

Suicide means, timing, intent and behavior characteristics of the suicides with schizophrenia

BackgroundStudies have been reported on suicide and schizophrenic suicide, but few compared certain characteristics of suicides with and without schizophrenia. MethodsA sample of 392 suicides was consecutively recruited from 16 counties in three provinces of China. Psychological autopsy method was applied to collect the information through informants. The questionnaire of characteristics for suicidal behavior, Beck's Suicide Intent Scale (SIS), and the DSM-IV based SCID were applied. ResultsAbout 9.7% of the sampled suicides (n = 38) were diagnosed with schizophrenia, and they were more likely to be female and older in age. No significant differences were found on violent suicide means, but significant differences within non-violent means between two groups. Schizophrenic suicide was more likely to happen in the second quarter of the year (April – June), middle of the month (11th-20th), and in the afternoon (3:01 pm – 6:00 pm). The schizophrenic suicides had higher suicide intent than those without schizophrenia and were more inclined to be isolated, more likely to tell people their suicide intent, and less likely to prepare posthumous papers. ConclusionSchizophrenic suicides have unique characteristics, and targeted preventive measures should be taken to prevent schizophrenic suicides. To accurately identify characteristics of suicide behavior is meaningful to prevent schizophrenic suicides in clinical practice.

Psychiatric Diagnosis Among Patients With Self-Harm Attempts In A Tertiary Care Centre

Introduction: Self harm or suicidal attempt is one of the most common primary psychiatric emergencies. It has been increasing daily but unfortunately people seeking attention and help from psychiatrist is still lagging. This study aims to observe psychiatric comorbidities among self-harm or suicidal attempt.
 Material And Method: Those patients who presented with suicidal attempts and related problems in Nobel Medical College Teaching hospital, Biratnagar were assessed for socio demographic and clinical variables. Convenience sampling method was used. MINI 6.0 was applied to all the patients to see for psychiatric disorders. Those who had positive psychiatric disorders in MINI 6.0 were then reassessed according to ICD-10 (International classification of diseases, clinical description and diagnostic guidelines) and final psychiatric disorder was considered. Becks’ suicide intent scale was used to assess the intensity of suicide. Data entry was done using Microsoft Excel and statistical analysis was done by using IBM SPSS Version 16.0.
 Results: The result showed that 56.17% of the participants had some form of psychiatric comorbidities. The commonest among them was depression (23.97%), adjustment disorder (21.9%), followed by alcohol use disorder (5.47%) and others. The most common method of suicidal attempt was by poisoning (86.3%), followed by hanging (7.5%) and self- inflicted cut injury (6.2%). Psychosocial stressors were present in 84.9% of patients and 15.1% did not have notable psychosocial stressors.
 Conclusion: Patients with self-harm or suicidal attempt have common psychiatric comorbidities depression and adjustment disorder being the most prevalent entities. Hence, every suicidal attempt becomes common psychiatric emergency condition in Nepal.

Psychiatric comorbidities among a sample of suicidal adolescents presenting to poison control center, Ain shams university

Abstract Background Suicide is a major cause of death all over the world with increasing risk especially in adolescents. Multiple studies have been conducted to study the risk factors and the underlying causes that lead to suicide. However, there is scarcity of data regarding suicide in adolescents. As it’s well known that most of psychiatric illnesses can be complicated with suicide especially those related to personality and substance use disorders. For Egypt, adolescents represent almost one third of the total population, hence the importance of studying the risk factors and associated psychiatric comorbidities that may lead to adolescence suicide in order to reach proper intervention plans. One of the most powerful double-sided weapons in that matter is the internet and social media use, as there has been a debate around whether it’s beneficial in seeking professional help or harmful as it may introduce methods of suicide and block any means of getting help Hence, was the hope of this study to provide an understanding of the prevalence of suicide among adolescents and the underlying psychiatric comorbidities to reach proper intervention and prevention plans. Aim of the Work This study aimed at detecting the occurrence rate of suicide and suicide related behaviors and the underlying psychiatric comorbidities among a sample of 241 suicidal adolescents aged 12-18 presenting to poison control center, Ain Shams University and also To identify factors which are associated with high suicidal intent And compare the sociodemographic variables and the increase in electronic device /social use among adolescents with suicidal attempts versus non-suicidal adolescents. Patients and Methods This is a descriptive Cross-sectional study hospital-based study conducted in poison control center of Ain Shams University hospital. The present study aimed at detecting the occurrence rate of suicide among 241 adolescents, over six months period from February 2019 to July 2019. The socioeconomic status was assessed using Socioeconomic status scale (SES), the suicide intent was assessed using the beck suicide intent scale and the psychiatric comorbidities were assessed using the MINI International Neuropsychiatry Interview for children and adolescents kid scale

Measurement invariance of suicide screening measures across military branch

ABSTRACT Military suicide rates are near all-time highs. To help clinicians and researchers study suicide risk factors in military samples, the Military Suicide Research Consortium (MSRC) developed a set of brief suicide-risk screening measures. While previous research has examined the reliability of these screening measures, it remains unclear if measurement differences exist across different military branches. This is an important omission given that establishing measurement equivalence or invariance (ME/I) across groups is a prerequisite for making group comparisons, which are necessary for accurately identifying and effectively intervening with groups at heightened risk. This study examined the ME/I of four MSRC screening measures (e.g., Depressive Symptom Index – Suicidality Subscale; Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire; Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire – Revised; Suicide Intent Scale) using a sample of 4,487 participants across military branches (Army; National Guard; Navy; Marine; Air Force) using a series of multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFA). We assessed configural, threshold, and loading invariance, with results indicating that the brief screening measures are fully invariant between individuals from different military branches and that these suicide screeners can be used to examine differences across branches in future research. Research and applied implications are discussed.

The Role of Perceived Social Support in the Association Between Stressful Life Events and Suicidal Behavior.

Background: Suicide is a serious public health concern for which there have been well-established protective and risk factors reported in literature. There is a lack of evidence on the indirect effects of other variables on these factors. Specifically, the association between stressful life events and suicidal behavior may be affected by perceived social support, but its role in this association is largely uninvestigated.Objectives: Thus, this paper aims to explore the role of perceived social support in the association between stressful life events and suicidal behavior. Perceived social support will be explored as a mediator and as a moderator in this association.Methods: Data were obtained from the Determinants of Suicidal Behavior Conventional and Emergent Risk (DISCOVER), a study conducted to identify risk factors of suicidal behavior. The study participants are individuals with suicide attempts admitted to hospital. Participants (n = 343) were recruited from hospital setting. Suicidal behavior was measured using two outcomes (1) the occurrence of a suicide attempt (2) level of suicide intent as measured by the Pierce Suicide Intent Scale. Perceived social support was measured using the Sarason Social Support Questionnaire.Results: Stressful life events were significantly associated with suicide attempts (OR 1.440, 95% CI 1.440, 1.682, p < 0.001) and perceived social support (B −0.785, 95% CI −1.501, −0.068, p = 0.032). There was no significant mediation effect by perceived social support in the association between stressful life events and suicide attempts (Sobel's test statistic 1.64, p = 0.100). Perceived social support did not moderate the relationship between stressful life events and suicide attempts [(OR 1.007, 95% CI 0.987, 1.027, p = 0.514] or the relationship between stressful life events and level of suicidal intent (B −0.043, 95% CI −0.132, 0.046, p = 0.343).Conclusion: Stressful life events are associated with increased risk of suicide attempts. The study also identified an inverse relationship between stressful life events and perceived social support. These associations were independent of perceived social support. This study highlights the effects of stressful life events on suicide risk is not affected by perceived social support, requiring further investigation into measures to reduce the impact of social stressors on people with risk of suicide.

Comparison Between Inflammatory Biomarkers (High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio) and Psychological Morbidity in Suicide Attempt Survivors Brought to Medicine Emergency.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity {hs} C-reactive protein, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio) and psychological morbidity in suicide attempt survivors.Methods: One hundred ninety-eight poisoning cases screened, 40 age-matched suicide attempt survivors (SAS), 40 healthy controls (HC) between the age of 18 years and 60 years were included. Complete hemogram, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), hsCRP values obtained, compared with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), suicide intent scale, presumptive stressful life events scale (PSLES), general health questionnaire 12-item (GHQ-12) (Hindi version), and Hindi Mental State Examination (HMSE).Results: A statistically significant difference was observed in hsCRP (p=0.016) and NLR (p=0.029) of depressed-suicidal participants vs healthy controls. hsCRP values of anxious-suicidal subjects vs healthy controls showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between patients, healthy controls in HADS anxiety and HADS depression mean scores (p<0.001). The PSLES items were ranked according to the mean stress scores of all the items (mean±SD), highest four were excessive alcohol use by the family member 47.50 (±27.03), conflicts with in-laws 50 (±27.73), family conflict 50 (±29.42), marital conflict 50.63 (±32.76). There was a statistically significant difference in hemoglobin (p<0.001), red blood cells count (p<0.001), hematocrit (p<0.001) between suicide attempt survivors and healthy controls.Conclusion: Both hsCRP and NLR have emerged as potential inflammatory biomarkers for depressive patients with suicidal attempts. Additionally, there may be a link between anemia and suicide risk in patients with depression.

English

BACKGROUND Suicide attempts in young adults in the age group 18 - 25 years have grown exponentially across the globe in the last three decades. Suicide is the third leading cause of death among young adults worldwide and is the second leading cause of death in 15 – 29-year-olds. The studies on the factors affecting suicidal intent among young adult suicide attempters are few from the Indian context and young adult group is of utmost importance. So, this study was done to estimate the suicidal intent among young adult suicide attempters and to assess the various factors associated with suicidal intent among young adults. METHODS The study was an analytical cross-sectional study, which was carried out at the Suicide Prevention Clinic of the Department of Psychiatry at a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala, India over a period of 1 year from October 2015 to September 2016. The consecutive 160 young adult suicide attempters were interviewed. Beck’s suicide intent scale was used to assess the severity of suicide attempts. Statistical significance of socio-demographic factors and suicidal intent score was assessed by independent student t test and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS Out of the 160 participants, 50 (31.2 %) had low suicidal intent, 71 (44.4 %) had medium suicidal intent and 39 (24.4 %) had high suicidal intent. The study showed significant association between marital status (t = 2.515, P = 0.011), Occupation (F = 7.991, P &lt; 0.001), previous suicide attempt (t = - 2.586, P = 0.011), mode of attempt (F = 7.228, P &lt; 0.001) and psychiatric disorder (F = 11.218, P &lt; 0.001) with the suicidal intent score. The study has found a significant association between the caregiver and suicidal intent score (F = 4.339, P = 0.006) which needs to be researched further. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed significant association between the socio-demographic variables like occupation, marital status, caregiver, mode of attempt, previous attempt and psychiatric diagnosis with the suicidal intent scores of young adult suicide attempters attending the suicide prevention clinic. This finding throws light to the factors contributing to high suicidal intent among young adults. The suicidal rates among the young adults are on the rise and we as the health professionals should be aware of these factors which will help in preventing young adult suicides. KEYWORDS Suicidal Intent, Young Adults, Suicide Prevention Clinic, Suicidal Behaviour, Kerala

Clinical Characteristics in Older, Middle-Aged and Young Adults Who Present With Suicide Attempts at Psychiatric Emergency Departments: A Multisite Study

To study age group differences in clinical characteristics in older, middle-aged and younger adults with actual suicide attempts (SA). Cross-sectional cohort study. 3 Swedish university hospitals. 821 persons who presented with self-harm at psychiatric emergency departments participated. Those with non-suicidal self-injury according to the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) were excluded, leaving a total of 683 with an actual SA (18-44 years, n=423; 45-64 years, n=164; 65+, n=96). Suicidal behavior was characterized with the C-SSRS and the Suicide Intent Scale (SIS); symptoms associated with suicide were rated with the Suicide Assessment Scale (SUAS). Diagnoses were set using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Patients self-rated their symptoms with the Karolinska Affective and Borderline Symptoms Scale (KABOSS). Older adults scored higher than the younger group on SIS total score and on the subjective subscale, but no age group differences were detected for the objective subscale. Half of the 65+ group fulfilled criteria for major depression, compared to 3-quarters in both the middle-aged and young groups. Anxiety disorders, as well as alcohol and substance use disorders were also less prevalent in the 65+ group, while serious physical illness was more common. Older adults scored lower on all symptom scales; effect sizes were large. While older adults with an SA showed higher suicide intent than young adults, they had lower scores on all ratings of psychiatric symptomatology. Low ratings might interfere with clinicians' assessments of the needs of older adults with intentional self-harm.

BDNF gene expression association with suicide and psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents: (Relationship between BDNF gene expression and suicide)

ObjectiveIn the current study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between BDNF gene expression and childhood suicide attempt, childhood traumatic experiences, and problem-solving skills in children and adolescents. MethodsThe suicide group consisted of 100 children and adolescents aged 11–18 years who were referred to our outpatient department due to suicide attempt. For further comparisons, 100 children and adolescents who have no any psychiatric diagnosis were referred to our same outpatient department were selected. A sociodemographic data form, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children- Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL), the Suicide Intent Scale (SIS), Problem Solving Inventory (PSI), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were used for both groups. Total RNA was isolated from whole blood samples and BDNF gene expression levels were measured using quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR). ResultsThe total and subscale scores of the PSI and CTQ were found to be significantly higher in the suicide group than in the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of BDNF gene expression levels. However, gene expression of BDNF was found significantly increased in patients who have any psychiatric disorder compared with the others. ConclusionOur results indicate that BDNF gene expression could be more associated with psychiatric disorders rather than suicide attempt in children and adolescents.

Physical health impairment, disability and suicidal intent among self-harm survivors in South India

Background: Suicide is major public health concern in India. There are limited data examining the relationship between health impairment, disability and severity of suicidal intent. The aim of the study was to examine the associations of health impairment and disability with severity of suicidal intent among survivors following an act of self-harm.Methods: A pilot exploratory study of 453 self-harm survivors from a specialist hospital in South India. Socio-demographics, physical health impairment, disability (WHO Disability Schedule-II), suicidal intent, (Pierce suicide intent scale) and mental disorders were studied.Results: Arthritis was the most common physical impairment among self-harm survivors followed by gastrointestinal, sensory impairment and difficulty with mobilization. Nearly 10% of participants had some degree of functional impairment, with 38% experiencing severe physical pain in the week prior to self-harm. Past history of depression treatment, age, education and occupation influenced positively PSIS scores. There were significant associations between suicidal intent and disability.Conclusions: Indian self-harm survivors indicated complex relationships between physical health, disability and suicidal intent. Understanding these associations may help to develop suicide prevention strategies. Our findings suggest a need for integrating a comprehensive of physical health assessment in self harm survivors.

Impact of perceived social support and parental bonding in predicting suicidal intent among self-harm patients.

To investigate the impact of perceived social-support and parental bonding in predicting suicidal intent among self-harm patients. The cross-sectional study was conducted at Foundation University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from February to September 2019, and comprised self-harm patients from mental health department of different hospitals in Rawalpindi, Jhelum and Peshawar. Data was collected using multidimensional scale of perceived social support, parental-bonding instrument and the Beck suicide intention scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. There were 50 patients aged 18-35 years. Social support and parental bonding factor 'care' had significant negative correlation with suicide intent (p<0.05). Parental bonding factor 'overprotectiveness' had significant positive correlation with suicide intent (p<0.05). Social support and parental bonding can both play substantial role in saving lives.

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION TENTANG PENCEGAHAN RISIKO BUNUH DIRI TERHADAP PERILAKU RISIKO BUNUH DIRI PADA REMAJA BERISIKO

Backgorund: One of the problems in teenagers is suicide. Suicide is one of the impacts of psychiatric disorder that is the current global spotlight. One of the prevention of suicide risks in teenagers can be done by a focus group discussion (fgd). Objective: Analyze the influence of fgd on suicide risk prevention against suicide risk behaviors in adolescents at risk. Research methods: This research used experimental quasi pretest-posttest with control group design with 15 students for the control group and 15 students for the intervention group. Which taken using total sampling technique. Instruments to assess suicide risk behaviors used Beck Suicidal Intent Scale. Scores for suicide behaviours before and after given a fgd were analysed with Wilcoxon statistical trials.Result: Wilcoxon test analysis results obtained P = 0.55 which means p &gt; 0.05. 15 it means that there is no influence offgd on the prevention of suicide risk against suicide risk behavior in adolescents at riskConclusion: There was no influence offgd on the prevention of suicide risk against suicide risk behavior in adolescents at the risk of 1 Bululawang High School.Tip: Further researchers are expected to add longer research time in subsequent studies to explore information on the risk of suicide.

Prevalence and factors associated to depression and suicidal behavior among medical students

ABSTRACT Objective: Depression and suicidal behavior have been described as major problems among medical students. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression and suicidal behavior among medical students of an institution and to investigate possible associated variables. Methods: The authors carried out a cross-sectional study through a self-administered questionnaire, including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck’s Suicide Intent Scale (BSIS) instruments. The diagnosis of depression was based on an instrument adapted according to the DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria. Logistic regression was performed to search for depression predictor variables. Results: In a total of 381 students, the prevalence of depression was 27.6%. Suicidal ideation of moderate to severe intensity was observed in 10.5% of the sample. About 6% of students had previously attempted suicide. Consumption of licit and illicit drugs was frequent among the participants, reaching 78% and 24% of the sample, respectively. The demand for specialized treatment was lower than expected among students with depression. Logistic regression revealed that female gender, reduced interpersonal contact with friends, reduced physical activity, difficulty in facing new situations and high perception of personal pressure were risk factors for depression. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and suicidal behavior among medical students is higher than in the general population. There is a need for further studies to enable a better understanding of the risk factors and variables at play, which is fundamental for the development of early intervention strategies and support for students.

A Cross-sectional Study on Coping Styles and Suicidal Intent among Young Adult Suicide Attempters at a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala, India

Introduction: Suicide attempts in young adults have grown exponentially across the globe in the last three decades. Suicide is one of the most common cause of death among young adults worldwide. The studies on the coping styles influencing suicidal intent among young adult suicide attempters are few from the Indian context. Young adults are of utmost importance in any nation and interventions for suicide prevention have to be undertaken at different levels. Aim: To estimate the coping styles and suicidal intent among young adult suicide attempters and to assess the various coping styles associated with the suicidal intent. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which was carried out at the Suicide Prevention Clinic of the Department of Psychiatry at a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala, India over a period of one year from October 2015 to September 2016. The consecutive 160 young adult suicide attempters were interviewed. Beck’s Suicide Intent Scale was used to assess the severity of suicide attempts. The coping styles of the participants were assessed using the Ways of Coping Questionnaire-Revised (WCQ-R) Scale. Statistical significance of socio-demographic factors, suicidal intent and coping styles were assessed by Independent Student t-test and One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The correlation between the severity of suicidal intent and the coping styles were assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The mean age of the participants were 21.75±2.69 years. The sample consisted of 72 (45%) males and 88 (55%) females. Out of the 160 participants, 50 (31.2%) had low suicidal intent, 71 (44.4%) had medium suicidal intent and 39 (24.4%) had high suicidal intent. The present study found that all the coping strategies except the escape avoidance and positive reappraisal are having significant association with the severity of suicidal intent with p&lt;0.05. This study also found that seeking social support (r=-0.284, p&lt;0.001), accepting responsibility (r=-0.344, p&lt;0.001) and planned problem solving (r=-0.333, p&lt;0.001) were coping styles which have a protective role in preventing suicidal behaviour by reducing the suicidal intent. Conclusion: This study had found significant correlation between the various coping styles and suicidal intent among the young adult suicide attempters in Kerala. The present study also found significant association between previous suicide attempt and co-morbid psychiatric diagnosis with the coping scores.

Study on suicidal intent and its relationship with psychiatric morbidity in cases of deliberate self-harm

Background: Mental disorders are among the strongest predictors of suicide attempts. However, little is known regarding which disorders that is uniquely associated with suicidal behavior because of high levels of psychiatric co-morbidity. The present study was planned to undertake on suicidal intent in such deliberate self-harm patients. Aims: The aim is to determine the suicidal intent and to assess the relationship with psychiatric morbidity in patients of deliberate self-harm Settings: Patients of deliberate self-harm. Design: Cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 50 patients of deliberate self-harm admitted during study period of 6 months in appropriate in-patient unit for observation and necessary intervention, who fulfils inclusion criteria. A semi structured pro forma was used for collection of socio-demographic data, case history and Beck's Suicide intent scale was used which is designed to assess the severity of intention to die associated with an episode of deliberate self-harm. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and percentage was used to present the data. To assess the relationship between the suicidal intent and psychiatric morbidity, Chi-square test was used. A P Results: Self poisoning (80%) was found to be the most common method employed in deliberate self-harm. 74% of the deliberate self-harm attempts were impulsive in nature. Altercation with the spouse (30%) was the most common precipitating factor. Psychiatric morbidity was found to be associated with suicidal intent (P = 0.0068). Conclusions: In conclusion, even with low intent to harm self we have to be careful while examining the patients of psychiatric morbidity. They are at risk of attempting harm to self. We cannot ignore the patients just on the basis of low intent to harm self.

PREVALENCE OF SUICIDAL IDEATION AMONG THE PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER ATTENDING PSYCHIATRY DEPARTMENTS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN

ORIGINAL ARTICLE&#x0D; PREVALENCE OF SUICIDAL IDEATION AMONG THE PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER ATTENDING PSYCHIATRY DEPARTMENTS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN&#x0D; Ahmed Waheed, M. Ismail Tariq, Sumira Qambar Bokhari, Shahid Hameed Warris, Aysha Rashid, Surya Fazal Hashmi.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; ABSTRACT&#x0D; Background: &#x0D; Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating disease which runs a chronic course and affects patient’s functioning badly. Frequency of Suicidal thoughts and attempts is much more common in OCD patients than it was thought previously.&#x0D; &#x0D; Objective: &#x0D; To determine the frequency of suicidal ideation among patients with obsessive compulsive disorder presenting in a tertiary care hospital.&#x0D; &#x0D; Material &amp; Methods&#x0D; This Cross-sectional study was done in a tertiary care hospital on 159 patients of OCD. Demographic data was taken. All patients were assessed for history of suicidal attempt. History of suicidal ideation was obtained from patients on a Performa comprising of BECK suicidal intent scale. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 20.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results:&#x0D; Suicidal ideation was found in 40(25.2%) patients. Frequency of suicidal ideation was higher among female (57.5%) patients as compared to male (42.5%) patients. Socio-demographic factors like age, gender, duration of OCD, marital status, educational status and financial condition did not show any statistically significant association with suicidal ideation.&#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusion:&#x0D; Current study showed that suicidal ideation was present in 25% of the patients of OCD which signifies the importance of assessment of suicidal ideation in all OCD patients routinely.&#x0D; &#x0D; Key words:&#x0D; Suicidal ideation, Obsessive compulsive disorder, Psychiatry department.&#x0D;