Phenomenon Of Suicide Research Articles

Mental Health Disorders in Livestock Producers: The Suicide Phenomenon may the Rural Veterinary Practitioner Play a Role?

Mental health problems in general, and suicides in particular, seem to have become part of everyday life these recent years. On an annual basis, 27% of Americans, for example, face such a problem; the average American would have a 47% probability of suffering from such a problem in his or her life [1].

Sociology of individual tragedies. Homicides and suicides: Cross-country cluster analysis

Sociology and psychology closely study the phenomena of homicide and suicide among countries of the world, but both remain little studied in the context of the levels of countries’ development and international comparisons. Developed countries (in terms of GDP per capita) show a decrease in the relative rate of homicides, but the case of suicides is not so explicit. This paper examines the relative levels of suicides and homicides all around the world in the context of socio-economic indices as well as indicators of mental health among the population. Addressing the example of the BRICS countries, the authors discuss the impact of economic imbalances on homicide and suicide levels. The analysis demonstrates that social inequality determines cross-country differences for relative levels in terms of homicide rates, including the course of events in the post-Soviet countries. And in the case of Russia, it is possible to make a conclusion not only about the presence of deep inter-regional differences, but also about a large-scale reduction in the frequency of two tragic phenomena between 2000 and 2017 during the economic recovery.

The links between suicidal behaviour and endorsement of myths about suicide in young people


 For many years in Lithuania the rate of suicide mortality has been remarkable in magnitude, especially in the young population. Social and public health determinants, risk behaviour issues, prevention and control of suicide in teenagers and young people needs urgent attention.
 The aim of the study was to investigate the self-reported perception of young people - the university students concerning suicide, the myths and reality on this phenomenon, and the links between suicidal behaviour and endorsement of myths about suicide. The self-reported survey was conducted in the university settings. The results of the survey showed that young people lack knowledge about the phenomenon of suicide and suicidal behaviour, and they still believe myths about suicide. The study revealed that one-fifth of young people had suicidal thoughts, and boys along with urban residents and suicidal family were at higher risk. Half of the students surveyed self-reported suicidal peers in their environment. Young people lack knowledge on suicide prevention, and preventive events. The study revealed that raising awareness, obtaining knowledge, and providing information to young people on the phenomenon of suicide, suicidal behaviour, and warning signs of possible attempt and suicide risk are the priority issues. Suicide prevention activities on individual, community, local and national levels need to be addressed.

Contemporary Education Towards Selected Phenomena. Case Study as an Educational Method – A Suicidal Aspect

Abstract The article deals with issues related to contemporary education towards selected phenomena using the case study method. In recent years, the proposed topic is important. Very often, the presentation of aspects related to the case study in a much better perspective illustrates difficulties and problematic issues concerning social, medical or psychological phenomena. Analysis of a single case, using a detailed description, which is usually a real case, allowing to draw conclusions about the causes and results of its course and technical, cultural, social conditions, etc. The phenomenon of suicide is a very complicated process. To understand this issue thoroughly, modern teaching methods are used, thanks to which the adoption and understanding of even difficult material is used. The work is therefore of a theoretical and practical nature, as examples of case studies from conducted scientific research carried out on a group of people after suicide attempt from 2014 will be presented.

SUICIDE IN CONTEMPORANEITY: COULD PUBLIC POLICIES REDUCE THE SUICIDE RATES IN BRAZIL?

This research seeks to make a theoretical approach regarding the phenomenon of suicide and the increase of its occurrence in Brazil. Notwithstanding, the problem is based on the following questions: Why are suicides rates growing in the world? What political and legal measures should be proposed in a try to prevent the occurrence of this phenomenon? Are public policies the most effective means of reducing suicides? Thus, the goal of this investigation is to analyze the multicausal and multifactorial aspects of the suicide phenomenon.

Suicide phenomenon on bebandem village: a review on religious and socio-cultural

There is an ideational culture. It can be interpreted as a basis for thinking that the final reality is nonmaterial. It cannot be captured on eye-catching. The theory also stated that this world is seen as an illusion, and temporary or can be interpreted as an imperfect and incomplete aspect of reality. The next theory is the sensory culture theory. If the previous theory assumes that we must balance between the interests of the world and the hereafter, on the theory of sensory culture, on the contrary, we must be more oriented towards worldly interests. The material world experience with our senses is only reality that exists. The final theory is mixed culture theory. This theory is an affirmation between ideational and sensory theory. The theories are used to explain the causes of related suicide to sensate culture. The cultural dynamic theory was chosen as one of the cornerstones of this research. Due to the theory is consists of types of cultural mentality. Thus, this theory is used to explain the cultural conditions and situations that occur in Bebandem Village and the conditions and situations experienced by individuals who commit suicide through interviews, observation and so forth. Data collected are observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and document study techniques.

Anger and Bitter Hearts: The Spread of Suicide in Northern Ugandan Families

ABSTRACT In many societies, the phenomenon of suicide provides a particularly powerful example of how something sinister might ‘run in the family’. In the Acholi sub-region of northern Uganda, concerns about its capacity to spread increased during and after the Lord’s Resistance Army war. Based on interviews with bereaved families in 2016 and historical material on suicide, we offer an analysis of suicide as an approach to the contagious connections of kin. Successful and attempted suicides were often preceded by affective contamination of family relations through feelings of neglect, humiliation, abuse, indignation and resentment that made hearts bitter. Anger finally moved people to take their lives, often leaving behind questions of liability. Suicide requires that we consider these questions together with notions of personhood and mutuality of being. The concept of affective contamination contributes to the understanding of both suicide and contagious kinship connections.

Analysis of Teenagers Suicide in the Context of Technological Age

Teenagers are the future of our times, the qualified builders of great cause and reliable successors of the Party and the country’s future. In recent years, however, the phenomenon of youth suicide has become more and more common, and it has become a serious social problem, even endangering the prosperity and the decline of the future cause of the Party and our country. The phenomenon of the teenagers suicide clearly affects everyone nerve in many families, schools and societies, but sadly, there is no one can do about it. So, what causes youth suicide? How to prevent it? Generally speaking, those immature teenagers will lose their reason when facing a lot of difficulties or strain. Clearly, these are only explicit causes and deep ones need to be identified. According to Heidegger’s analysis of the nature of technology, it is not difficult to find that the influence and control of technology as “Ge-Stell” on people is the hidden factor of adolescent suicide. The combination of dominant and recessive factors can eradicate teenagers’ suicide.

Problematyka samobójstw w ujęciu Marii Jarosz

Artykuł opisuje dorobek naukowy Marii Jarosz, która uchodziła za jedną z najważniejszych badaczek problematyki samobójstw w Polsce. Maria Jarosz korzystając z danych Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego dokonała unikalnych i wnikliwych analiz zjawiska samobójstw. W swoich badaniach wiązała fenomen samobójstwa ze zjawiskami makrospołecznymi, takimi jak kryzys gospodarczy, bezrobocie, przemiany stylów życia w środowiskach miejskich i wiejskich.

Tedium vitae in stroke survivors: a comparative cross-sectional study

ABSTRACTObjectives: Suicide is best studied by deconstructing the psychological experiences preceding suicidal death. We assessed the characteristics of tedium vitae (feeling tired of life) after first ever stroke in Nigerian survivors.Methods: Using the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry, tedium vitae was assessed in 130 stroke survivors attending rehabilitation in a large Nigerian university hospital. Global cognitive and executive dysfunctions were evaluated, respectively, using the Mini Mental State Examination and the modified Indiana University Token test. All participants had their index stroke 3 to 24 months before recruitment into the study. We also examined a comparative group of 130 age, gender, and education matched apparently normal persons who were unrelated to the stroke survivors. Associations were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results: Tedium vitae was experienced by 16 (12.3%) stroke survivors compared with 5 (3.9%) in the comparative group (O. R = 3.5, 95% C. I = 1.3–9.9, p = 0.018). Among stroke survivors, those who were retired were more likely to experience tedium vitae (56.2%, p = 0.045). In analyses adjusting for the effect of systemic hypertension, cognitive dysfunction, retirement and marital separation, there was a 3.5-fold increase in the odds of experiencing tedium vitae after surviving a stroke (O. R = 3.5, 95% C. I = 1.1–11.6, p = 0.042).Conclusions: Tedium vitae is a common suicidal experience after stroke and may be among the earliest perceptible pointer to impending poststroke suicide. It is easy to assess and may be less costly to obtain an adequate sample size in studies aiming to understand the phenomenon of suicide in the stroke population.

Individual and social factors related to attempted suicide among women: A qualitative study from Iran

The researchers conducted this study as a phenomenological research to understand the individual and social factors related to attempted suicide phenomenon among women of Gilan-e Gharb. Participants of the study are comprised of 17 women survivors of attempted suicide selected by purposive sampling or snowball method. To gather the data, we conducted semi-structured interviews in face-to-face and audio-recorded methods from February to April 2017. Researchers transcribed verbatim and analyzed the content of the interviews thematically. The main issues in this study were three main themes including the “personal factors”, “social factors”, and “other issues related to attempted suicide” with seven sub-themes. We concluded that both personal and social factors contribute to the suicide attempts in female subjects. Also, we found that the majority of participants did not want to die by the attempted suicide.

АНТИСУЇЦИДАЛЬНІ РЕЛІГІЙНІ ІМПЕРАТИВИ І ТАБУ

The problem of psychoprevention of suicidal tendencies should be solved at the level of the whole society. The achievements of religion in the psychopreventive sphere are especially significant. In the article analysed problem of influence of religion, religious world view on the level of suicidal of individuals in the environment. Due to anti-auto destructive influence religion is justly considered to one of major regulators of relations of man to suicide. In many countries of the world religiously-cultural traditions related to attitude toward the phenomenon of suicide play an enormous role in regulation of level of suicidal activity. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the significant influence of religion, religious outlook on the regulation of the attitude of individuals towards suicide, the need to use the vita-cultural foundations of religious faith for the purpose of psycho prophylaxis of self-destructiveness. In the process of theoretical and empirical study of the problem, both general scientific and special research methods (theoretical and empirical) were used. In the course of solving the tasks, methods were used: SMRP L.Sobchik, a method for diagnosing the depressions of Zung, questioners B. Lyuban-Plotsts, N.Peseshkian (for the diagnosis of persons with suicidal tendencies), the author's questionnaire for revealing the relationship of religious beliefs with suicidal tendencies. Statistical analysis of the level of suicide in countries with different religions, in-depth study of the problem more than convinces: the powerful obstacle to self-destructive is the high level of anti-suicide religious-national traditions, spiritual and humanistic religiosity, which assert human life in the highest rank, ideals of spiritual freedom and unity of people, love and mutual assistance that promote integration, harmonization of social relations, solidarity of person and group. The scientific novelty and the theoretical significance of the results obtained is that for the first time, on the basis of a detailed analysis of scientific approaches to the problem of the influence of religious faith on the suicidal nature of the subject (person and group), the theoretical substantiation and experimentally proved the anti-suicidal effect of faith in God on the consciousness and behavior of contemporary Ukrainian students. As a result of in-depth theoretical analysis of the problem, available statistical data on the level of suicidal activity of individuals in different countries of the world with different religions has been proved: religious belief, religious outlook strongly influences human consciousness, is one of the most important regulators of human attitude towards suicide.

ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL MECHANISM OF PREVENTING THE SUICIDE IN UKRAINE

The article focuses on the study of suicide worldwide and Ukraine in particular. The phenomenon of suicide is relevant in all corners of the world, it affects people of all nations, cultures, religions, articles, and classes. The scientific community in many countries around the world demonstrates indifference to the problem of suicide; Accordingly, suicide is gradually becoming one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Thus, suicide ranks 15th among the leading causes of death. WHO statistics show that suicide is committed twice as often as murder, and emphasizes that this phenomenon is global and reaches critical levels every year. We have analyzed the regulatory framework for suicide at the global level. For example, over the last decades, since 2000, due to the incredible efforts of WHO, this problem has begun to receive national attention. In the developed world, many regulations on suicide prevention have been developed and adopted. In the course of scientific research, we found out that suicide and Ukraine is the seventh cause of death, which confirms the criticality of the problem and the need for its fastest solution. We believe that there is a need today to support such categories of persons as children and young people, servicemen, convicts, and the elderly. The article examines the experience of such foreign countries as the USA, Azerbaijan, Israel, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, and other European countries of the world. Finding out what prevention and prevention measures they have implemented in national suicide prevention programs, we see the possibility of their implementation in Ukraine and are convinced of their effectiveness. According to the results of scientific research, we will develop an administrative and legal mechanism for suicide prevention in Ukraine, which can work if all the steps of the algorithm for reducing suicide rates are fulfilled. Keywords: suicide, administrative and legal mechanism, the algorithm of actions, statistics, suicide rate.

Sociološki teorijski pristupi fenomenu suicida

This paper talks about the theoretical approach to the phenomenon of suicide in sociology that has become one of the most common causes of death in the world, but also in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Regardless the differences between the countries of the world, the ones with better socioeconomical conditions have a smaller risk of suicide, what is especially the case with men, and the sociological factors determin, to a great extent, the number and rate of suicides in a country.

Медикализация суицида как проблема антипсихиатрии

Suicidal behavior in the modern scientific world is considered from the perspective of different disciplines (sociology, anthropology, philosophy, etc.), but psychiatry stands out in this list, because it can directly impact the suicider. Antipsychiatry, considered as a space of problematization and criticism of psychiatry, concerns both the foundation of psychiatry and individual situations related to the implementation by psychiatrists of their functions. This is why the phenomenon of suicide attracts the attention of one of the prominent representatives of the American anti-psychiatrist movement – T. Szasz. The key point in suicide analysis for Т. Szasz is that suicide is considered as a phenomenon closely associated with mental disease, thus, it is medicalized. In this case, it becomes much more important, why suicide as a phenomenon turns into an object of study of psychiatry. Т. Szasz refers to this transformation as a transition from a sin-and-crime to an illness-as-excuse. He fairly points out that the emergence of an explanatory suicide model within the framework of psychiatry made it possible for suiciders to change their category from those accused and rejected from Christian burial and rights of inheritance to those affected by a disease, and requiring medical treatment. Besides, Т. Szasz emphasizes the situation, in which suiciders find themselves in a mental health institution. The main feature of this situation is restriction of personal freedom and the ability to have a life worth living.

Самогубства дітей і підлітків в Україні: вплив інтернет-мережі

The article is devoted to the childhood and adolescent suicide as a background phenomenon of crime, which is faced with a serious problem of grievous violent crime against human life and health. It is emphasized, that nowadays in Ukraine there isn’t even correct quantitative characteristics of the phenomenon of suicide. At the same time, the problem of suicide of children and adolescents is more complicated, because in many cases the society “writes off” these facts on a curiosity, a riskiness, a little life experience, a carelessness, etc. The problem of suicide of adolescents under the influence of communication in the Internet network remains is not researched because of an insignificant period of existence of this issue. In connection with the mentioned, the author’s task is to draw the attention of scientists to the problem of childhood and adolescent suicide, taking into account the peculiarities and risks of Internet communication, before this problem will turn into a large-scale phenomenon over the time. Simultaneously, the author highlights, that on the current period it is urgent to develop some perspective directions of prevention of this threatening phenomenon. The simple recommendations for the timely identification of a problem situation, which is created by adults for methodically leading a child or adolescent to do a suicide using the Internet, are proposed in the article. It is underlined, that the preventive work in the analyzed sphere is quite specific and relatively new for the subjects of such activities. In this activity should be involved not only law enforcement officers with the appropriate education, but also highly qualified personnel in the field of computer technologies. In addition, the great importance in prevention of this negative phenomenon is given to the public, which sometimes turns out to be more mobile than law enforcement agencies.

Social risk factors and protection against adolescent suicide

The phenomenon of adolescent suicide involves social and contextual issues that need to be enriched in a specialized literature, so the aim of the current research was to know the social risk and protective factors associated with this problem. A qualitative study was conducted through focus groups conformed by students, teachers and psychotherapists, chosen through a convenience sampling. Through qualitative data coding, emerged as social risk factors mass media, especially the internet, as well as been involved in a bullying situation. On the other hand, factors such as peer group, school and social context were identified as elements that can represent both risk and protective factors. It is discussed, the need of taking actions in order to develop positive interactions from a health promotion approach.

Suicidal Thoughts, Attempts and Motives Among University Students in 12 Muslim-Majority Countries.

There is a scarcity of research on suicidal phenomena in the Muslim world. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the self-reported prevalence of suicidal thoughts, attempts and motives in 12 Muslim countries. A total of 8417 (54.4% women) university students were surveyed by means of a self-report questionnaire. Overall, 22% of the participants reported suicidal ideation and 8.6% reported attempting suicide. The odds of suicidal thoughts were elevated in Azerbaijan, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia, while reduced ORs were recorded in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Malaysia. While odds of suicide attempts were high in Azerbaijan, Palestine and Saudi Arabia reduced odds ratios (OR) were detected in Indonesia, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Malaysia and Tunisia. Taking drugs and using a sharp instrument were the two most frequently used methods to attempt suicide. Only 32.7% of attempts required medical attention. Escape motives were endorsed more than social motives by participants who attempted suicide. Suicidal behaviors were more frequent in women than in men. Compered to men, fewer attempts by women required medical attention. Moreover, our results show that making suicide illegal does not reduce the frequency of suicidal behavior. Results from this comparative study show that suicidal thoughts and attempts are frequent events in young adults in countries where religious scripture explicitly prohibit suicide and the frequencies of nonfatal suicidal behavior show large variation in nations adhering to the same religion.

The Korean Cohort for the Model Predicting a Suicide and Suicide-related Behavior: Study rationale, methodology, and baseline sample characteristics of a long-term, large-scale, multi-center, prospective, naturalistic, observational cohort study

BackgroundThe Korean Cohort for the Model Predicting a Suicide and Suicide-related Behavior (K-COMPASS) study is a prospective, naturalistic, observational cohort study, aiming to identify predictors of suicide attempt and suicide characteristics in the Korean suicidal population. The findings intend to contribute to a thorough understanding of suicidal phenomena and development of suicide prevention guidelines. The present cross-section study examines the study rationale, methodology, and baseline characteristics of the participants. MethodsParticipants were enrolled via the hospital and community gateways, establishing the hospital-based cohort (HC) and community-based cohort (CC), respectively. Baseline assessment was conducted on sociodemographic, clinical, diagnostic, and psychopathological aspects. The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale was used to investigate suicidality. ResultsA total of 800 suicidal people aged 15 years or older were enrolled from 8 university hospitals and 8 community mental health welfare centers (CMHWCs), among whom 480 (60%) were suicidal ideators and 320 (40%) were attempters. The ideators comprised 207 CC and 273 HC participants, whereas the attempters, 34 CC and 286 HC participants. Despite their lower severity in some measures, including suicidal ideation, compared with their HC counterparts, the CC participants within each group of ideators or attempters presented clinically significant psychopathology. Moreover, alcohol use problems and past suicide attempt were more likely to be found in CC participants. Only 11.1% to 21.6% of the participants in each of the four groups (defined by the cohorts and the ideators/attempters) were on any type of psychiatric treatment. ConclusionsSuicidal visitors to CMHWCs need to be as closely monitored as suicidal patients in university hospitals, especially considering their association with problem drinking and past suicide attempt. A cautious assumption is that the high suicide rate in Korea might be partly attributable to the low proportion of patients receiving psychiatric services.

Models of suicide in elderly: a protocol for a systematic review

IntroductionThe rates of suicide in the elderly population are generally higher than other age groups. Models of suicide that explain the phenomenon of suicide in later life may have research,...