Sugarcane Plants Research Articles

A Research Investigation on Conventional Neural Network-Based Disease Detection Techniques for Sugarcane Plants

In the current times, the number of viruses and infections in the sugarcane plants is widespread. If we want to properly correct these infections, we need to use artificial intelligence such as CNN and RNN. Therefore, in this study, how to prevent the disease in sugarcane using the CNN and RNN system is taken as a test. This model is trained on a diverse dataset of automatic diagnosis images, with a focus on addressing the inherent class in detection. The neural network architecture is designed to capture intricate patterns indicative of sugarcane manifestations in automatic diagnosis images. Through an iterative training process, the model learns to discern subtle features associated with automatic diagnosis, achieving remarkable accuracy. The experimental results confirm the efficacy of our proposed methodology. It explores the many CNN architectures used for plant disease detection, including AlexNet, VGGNet, ResNet, InceptionNet, and DenseNet, as well as their pros and limitations. The survey also discusses the importance of RNNs in plant disease detection, specifically in time-series data analysis, where RNNs have been shown to be useful in forecasting the spread of plant diseases over time. This report also provides a successful outcome for researchers working on the creation of a recognition system for sugarcane diseases. Keywords: convolutional neural networks (cnn), recurrent neural networks (rnn), Sugarcane plants disease detection Accuracy, Genetic algorithm

Bacillus velezensis YC89-mediated recruitment of rhizosphere bacteria improves resistance against sugarcane red rot

BackgroundSugarcane red rot is a soil-borne disease caused by Colletotrichum falcatum. It can reduce the yield of sugarcane and the purity of sugarcane juice, which seriously restricts the development of sucrose industry. Biocontrol bacteria can control diseases by regulating rhizosphere microecology. In this study, the effects of biocontrol bacteria on sugarcane rhizosphere microecology were studied by metagenomics and metabolomics, and the control effects of biocontrol bacteria and rhizosphere dominant bacteria on sugarcane red rot were further explored by pot experiment.ResultsThe results of metagenomic sequencing showed that inoculation with B. velezensis YC89 and pathogens could significantly change the microbial diversity of the sugarcane rhizosphere. The relative abundance of beneficial strains such as Streptomyces, Burkholderia, Sphingomonas, and Rhizobium increased significantly in the rhizosphere of sugarcane in the YC treatment group. Pseudomonas was significantly enriched in the rhizosphere of sugarcane in the C treatment group. The results of metabolome sequencing showed that the content of amino acids in sugarcane root exudates increased after inoculation with B. velezensis YC89, and the contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids decreased. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between differential metabolites and rhizosphere microorganisms. The results of pot experiment showed that YC89 strain and three rhizosphere microorganisms could significantly reduce the disease index of red rot and promote the growth of sugarcane plants. In addition, these strains can also significantly increase the JA and SA content of sugarcane leaves and induce plant system resistance-related enzyme activities. Among them, the synthetic community treatment group had the best biocontrol effect on red rot, and its relative control effect was 67.50%.ConclusionsTherefore, we conclude that B. velezensis YC89 could recruit beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms to enrich the rhizosphere and change the content of some phenolic acids and flavonoids in the root exudates. In addition, the isolated rhizosphere dominant bacteria and YC89 strain can resist red rot by inducing plant systemic resistance and promote the growth of sugarcane plants. This study provides a theoretical basis for the use of biocontrol bacteria to regulate rhizosphere bacteria to jointly control plant soil-borne diseases.Graphical

Area extraction and growth monitoring of sugarcane from multi-source remote sensing images under a polarimetric SAR data compensation based on buildings

ABSTRACT Aiming at the issue of low accuracy in crop mapping and growth monitoring caused by imprecise calibration of radar time-series data, this paper proposed a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) spatio-temporal error compensation method. By constructing a compensation reference image using the buildings with stable backscattering coefficients in the study area, the error correction of time-series SAR data was realized based on the compensation model. The compensated SAR data were used to establish the Sugarcane Growth Index (SGI) according to the growth curve of sugarcane. The sugarcane area was extracted after combining the compensated SGI and optical image, and the accuracy of F1 on sugarcane distribution extraction was 92.12%. There was an improvement of 4.11% compared with no compensation method. On this basis, the newly planted and ratoon sugarcane were further classified by the expectation maximization algorithm based on the compensated SAR image at the seedling stage. The newly planted sugarcane and the ratoon sugarcane could be accurately distinguished with area extraction accuracy of 82.06% and 80.59%, respectively. Moreover, the compensated SAR data of time series during the tillering to maturity stages were used to estimate the sugarcane height, yielding an R 2 value of 0.717 using a quadratic polynomial model. The Spatio-temporal error compensation method for distributed targets proposed in this study can reduce the loss of SAR data across various times and regions, and achieve accurate results of sugarcane distribution extraction and plant height estimation.

The endophytic entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii alters sugarcane plant defenses, reducing Diatraea saccharalis oviposition and enhancing the attraction of Cotesia flavipes

The use of endophytic entomopathogenic fungi (EEF) represents a promising strategy to boost plant resistance in crops against both biotic and environmental stresses. However, the mechanisms by which this inoculation influences constitutive and herbivore-induced defenses to protect plants against pest insects remain unclear. To address this gap, we investigated whether the inoculation of the EEF Metarhizium robertsii can modulate sugarcane plant defenses and their resistance against the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis. Specifically, we examined the endogenous levels of jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA), as well as the volatile emissions in sugarcane, in the absence and presence of infestation caused by D. saccharalis. We also explored how these inoculations might affect the oviposition preference of D. saccharalis (direct defense) and the chemotaxis of its main natural enemy, the parasitoid Cotesia flavipes (indirect defense), commonly used in biological control programs. Our findings revealed that M. robertsii inoculation alters sugarcane plant chemical traits, affecting their resistance differently against D. saccharalis infestation. In non-infested plants, the inoculation of M. robertsii increased JA and SA phytohormones, suppressed volatile emissions, and reduced egg-laying by D. saccharalis, while exhibiting no effect on C. flavipes attraction. Conversely, in D. saccharalis-infested plants, M. robertsii increased JA content and reduced SA levels, resulting in quantitatively different volatile emissions. These changes increased attraction of C. flavipes compared to infested plants without fungal inoculation. Our results demonstrate that M. robertsii inoculations can enhance sugarcane plants' constitutive defenses against D. saccharalis while improving their herbivore-induced indirect defenses in sugarcane.

Centenary Paper: Living Hell: The Chinese Coolie Trade in Nineteenth-Century Cuba

Between 1847 and 1874, approximately 150,000 Chinese were brought to Cuba under termed contracts to fulfil a labour shortage on sugar cane plantations. Known as ‘coolies’, they suffered harsh conditions and were treated severely. Coolies were generally viewed as dutiful and submissive and their voices have largely been confined to the margins of literature and history. However, the nineteenth-century testimonies and illustrations of Chinese coolies denounce the savagery and cruelty of the Spanish overseers, while simultaneously revealing that coolies were not passive victims. The coolies demonstrated agency, courage and strategic resistance in the act of migrating, in their words, and rebellions. Coolie labour played a major role in reshaping Cuba’s sugar economy and its existing systems of production. In addition, the amplified presence of the Chinese in Cuba challenged existing paradigms of race and nation. Cuban society was no longer Black and white. The growing Chinese population forced a reconsideration of this traditional binary vision of society and, in the formation of a new Chinese–Cuban identity, complicated notions of what constituted cubanidad.

Disposability, social security, and the facts of work in Nicaragua’s sugarcane zone

ABSTRACT This article explores the instability of facts surrounding former sugarcane workers in Nicaragua with Chronic Kidney Disease of Non-Traditional Causes (CKDnt). CKDnt is a progressive disease that has been linked, albeit inconclusively, to working conditions in sugarcane plantations and other extreme environments. It emerged in the early twenty-first century, at a time when the social and political value of agricultural labor in Nicaragua and across the Americas was shifting due to the rise of new regimes of corporate responsibility and neoliberalized systems of state care. Partly as a result of a lack of conclusive knowledge about what causes the disease, former workers receive uneven medical and social benefits from both sugarcane corporations and the Nicaraguan social security system, the Instituto Nacional de Seguridad Social (INSS). This article traces the parallel emergence of Nicaragua’s agro-economy and the INSS during the twentieth century, and it draws on ethnographic research with ex-workers to understand how the making of facts about work and the making of facts about health shape each other. The article argues that the disposability of labor is not an inherent feature of monocrop capitalism; rather, disposability emerges as corporations and state authorities work strategically to manage the inherent porosity of the boundaries between plantations and their socio-political surroundings.

Confirmation of Elaphria agrotina (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) feeding on sugarcane

This study reports the observation of Elaphria agrotina (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) attacking sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). These specimens were collected in a sugarcane field under renovation while feeding on bait traps made from sugarcane stalks. Larvae were also detected within soil layers up to 6 cm deep, near to crop residues and rhizomes. Notably, they were found on sugarcane plants displaying 'dead heart' symptoms. The presence of this species in bait of sugarcane stalks raises concerns about potential secondary damage to the crop, which is already susceptible to other pests, and the possibility of it causing infestations in healthy plants.

Geospatial analysis of volcano-tectonic interactions: implications for spatiotemporal variations in water quality and quantity at Lake Beseka, East Africa, Ethiopia

ABSTRACT Water quality deterioration in the Main Ethiopian Rift Lakes is a problem affecting the area’s public health and socioeconomic development. The present study aimed to assess the water level rise in Lake Beseka using Landsat images from 1975 to 2023 and dilution trends at the pumping site from 2004 to 2022. In addition, the spatial water quality parameters, including pH, EC, TDS, and water surface temperature, for the years 2007, 2018, 2021, and 2023 were determined. The water level increased dramatically from 3 km2 in the 1960s to 27.5 km2 in 1980 following the construction of the Koka dam and the beginning of irrigation activity (sugarcane plantation) for the Metehara sugar estate factory. The water level reached a maximum (50 km2 in the dry season) in the mid of 1910s and become decreased and fluctuated after 2015. The observed pH, EC, and TDS were higher in the central portion of the lake, grouped under brackish water, and lower in the southwest, south, and northeast shores. The EC and TDS were higher in 2007, decreased in 2018, and fluctuated. The geothermal anomaly of the area varies from 23.1 to 47.9°C with the highest anomaly occurring at the northern side of the lake at a recent volcanic area that interlinked with geological structures. However, the observed and estimated water temperatures of the lake decreased from west to east due to hot spring discharge from the southwest shore of the lake. The series of hot springs in the southwest and west shores of the lake with high discharge rates indicate the presence of structural connectivity that leads to the emission of heat from a deep-seated source and heated groundwater of the area recharged from irrigation activity. Overall, spatiotemporal lake water quality variations were due to anthropogenic and geogenic factors, including hot springs and groundwater discharge to the lake, water level rise and bathymetric depth variation, evaporation, and irrigation activity. This study is significant in continuously estimating water level fluctuations and providing early warnings and preparedness to maintain the region's socioeconomic development.

Enhancing Sugarcane Seedling Resilience to Water Stress through Exogenous Abscisic Acid: A Study on Antioxidant Enzymes and Phytohormone Dynamics.

Exogenous hormones play a crucial role in regulating plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. However, the effects of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on sugarcane seedlings under water stress remain poorly understood. Here, in this study, a pot experiment was conducted on sugarcane seedlings 4 weeks after transplanting, employing three treatments: control (normal growth), drought (water stress), and drought + ABA (foliar application of 100 μM ABA before water stress). The main objectives of this research are to understand the effects of exogenous ABA on sugarcane seedlings under water stress conditions and to assess the changes in antioxidant enzyme activity and phytohormone levels in response to exogenous ABA. Water stress was induced in the solution culture by adding 25% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 to the Hoagland solution. Leaf samples were collected at 3, 6, and 9 days after treatment, and the photosynthetic and biochemical responses of ABA-treated plants to drought stress were investigated. The indole acetic acid (IAA) activity of the ABA-treated drought plants is compared to that of drought plants. Moreover, the endogenous ABA levels of the ABA-treated drought plants were significantly enhanced by 42.2, 39.9, and 42.3% at 3, 6, and 9 days, respectively, compared to those of drought plants. Additionally, the proline content of the ABA-treated drought plants significantly increased by 45 and 80% at 6 and 9 days, respectively, compared to that of drought plants. The expression of the catalase 1 (CAT1) gene was increased in the ABA-treated drought plants by 2.1-fold, 0.7-fold, and 1.37-fold at 3, 6, and 9 days, respectively, compared to that in drought plants. Similarly, the expression of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase genes of the ABA-treated drought plants also increased compared to those of the drought plants. In conclusion, foliar application of ABA mitigated the negative effects of water shortage of sugarcane plants under water stress. Applying ABA improved the antioxidant defense system of sugarcane plants under drought stress, thereby enhancing their photosynthetic activities and productivity.

Effects of Foliar Potassium Supplementation on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Plant Sugarcane

Effects of Foliar Potassium Supplementation on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Plant Sugarcane

The importance of model structure and soil data detail on the simulations of crop growth and water use: A case study for sugarcane

Process-based crop models have faced rapid development over the last years, and many modelling platforms are now available and can be used in a wide range of conditions. Whilst the selection of a model should be suited to the purpose of its application, very few studies focused on the impact of choosing different model structures and data details on the simulation outputs. One important aspect is the soil water dynamics, which can be simulated at different levels of details in terms of data and approaches. In this study, we investigated the impact of model structure and data detail on simulations of sugarcane growth and irrigation scheduling. Three different soil water routines (Standalone, Tipping-Bucket, SWAP) were coupled with the SAMUCA model and calibrated with a comprehensive field experiment dataset. We also tested the influence of using simplified homogeneous (SL) and detailed (DL) soil profile information in model performance. The model framework was evaluated against independent field experiments across Brazil and used to simulate long-term sugarcane growth and irrigation scheduling. After calibration, the SWAP-DL showed the highest accuracy in soil moisture predictions, with a 6 % error (RRMSE), but the difference from TippingBucket-DL was small (8 %). While the performance of stalk dry mass, LAI and water-use efficiency simulations were within the range found in literature, comprehensive field experiments showing significant impacts of drought on sugarcane growth are still lacking for a more rigorous evaluation. Both SWAP and tipping-bucket approaches showed higher robustness to soil data detail as compared to the Standalone method, which should be avoided when soil water is critical for sugarcane growth. The use of tipping-bucket method may still be preferred when the research goal is focused on crop growth and soil parameters are limited. SWAP-SAMUCA may provide an extended ability to represent agrohydrological processes in sugarcane plantations and process understanding.

Determining Factors and Economic Injury Levels for Sphenophorus levis for Chemical and Biological Control in Irrigated and Non-irrigated Sugarcane Crops.

Globally, people use sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) to produce sugar and ethanol. Rainfed or irrigated sugarcane agricultural systems are available. Among the pests affecting this crop, the weevil Sphenophorus levis, Vaurie 1978 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is increasingly becoming a significant threat in southern South America. Sphenophorus levis populations are controlled using chemical or biological measures. Control decisions hinge upon the economic injury level (EIL). The EIL delineates the pest density that results in financial losses for producers. This study aims to determine the EIL for S. levis, considering the factors favoring this insect pest and chemical and biological control methods in rainfed and irrigated systems. The intensity of S. levis attacks was monitored in commercial sugarcane plantations over four years in João Pinheiro, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Sampling occurred in a 50 × 50 × 30-cm-deep trench dug in the soil surrounding the sugarcane clump. The total number of stumps in the clump, including those attacked by S. levis, was tallied. The EILs for this pest were 5.93% and 4.85% of targeted stumps for chemical control in rainfed and irrigated crops, respectively. Biological control in sugarcane plots resulted in an EIL of 4.15% and 3.40% for stumps attacked in rainfed and irrigated crops, respectively. Pest attacks were more severe during rainy years and in older sugarcane crops. The EIL values determined in this study could inform integrated pest management programs for sugarcane crops.

Implication of the root growth and soil macropores distribution on sugarcane yield in Takalar, Indonesia

This study examined the relationship between the decline in sugarcane productivity and the distribution of macropores and depth of root penetration in sugarcane plantations in Takalar during one planting period (October 2021-September 2022). There were five observation points (P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5) in one hectare of land to measure the distribution of soil macropores using methylene blue solution. Cross-sections of the soil were made to observe the presence of plant roots at a depth of 0-40 cm with a width of 60 cm. In each plot, disturbed soil samples were collected to measure soil texture, soil organic matter (SOM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents. Other measurement parameters were the infiltration rate and plant productivity. The results indicated that SOM and NPK levels at the research location were deficient, serving as the first indicators of problematic soil. Macropore observations revealed that macropores were distributed only at a less than 10 cm soil depth. This distribution limited the penetration of plant roots to a depth of 0-40 cm. The root length density (RLD) value indicated the absence of roots at depths of 30-40 cm in plots P2 and P3. The field findings explained why sugarcane production in Takalar only achieved 50%, around 40 t ha-1 from the first ratoon sugarcane harvest, instead of the expected 70-80 t ha-1.

A dataset of the sugarcane planting distribution with the spatial resolution of 10 m in Guangxi from 2018 to 2020

The extraction of sugarcane planting distribution is the basis of crop monitoring. The extraction of timely and accurate sugarcane planting distribution is of great significance for monitoring sugarcane crops and making adjustments to the planting structure. Based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data, in this paper, we adopted the active and passive remote sensing collaborative method and decision tree classification method to carry out research on the extraction method of sugarcane planting distribution in Guangxi. Then we verified the data by referring to multi-year survey ground sample data. On this basis, we produced dataset of the sugarcane planting distribution with the spatial resolution of 10 m in Guangxi from 2018 to 2020. The remote sensing extraction-based method yielded an overall accuracy of 92% for sugarcane planting distribution in Guangxi in 2018, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.8. The overall accuracy of sugarcane planting distribution in Guangxi in 2019 is 94%, with a Kappa coefficient 0.88; the overall accuracy of sugarcane planting distribution in Guangxi in 2020 is 94%, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.88. This dataset can be used as the basic data for the analysis of temporal and spatial changes of sugarcane in Guangxi. And it can also provide basic data support for the optimization and adjustment of sugarcane production management and planting structure in Guangxi.

A Novel Approach for Red Rot Disease Detection in Sugarcane Plants Using Transfer Learning Based VGG16 Model

Red rot in sugarcane is a devastating fungal disease caused by Colletotrichum falcatum. It leads to wilting, red discoloration, and yield losses, which can impact sugar production globally. Red rot hampers sugarcane production, causing yield reductions, and economic losses, and affecting the nation’s sugar industry demanding stringent disease management strategies. There is a need of a system that detects the red rot disease at an early stage before it spreads. Transfer learning enhances agricultural models, leveraging pre-trained data for improved crop predictions, resource optimization, and sustainability. In this article, we have proposed a transfer learning-based VGG16 model for the detection of red rot disease in sugarcane on a large dataset. The model achieves a remarkable 98.85% accuracy and an F1 score of 0.93 in early red rot detection in sugarcane. This work underscores the potency of leveraging re-trained models for crop disease identification, offering a promising avenue for proactive disease management. This research marks a substantial step towards enhancing crop yield and sustainability, presenting an accessible and impactful technological solution for early disease detection in sugarcane, ultimately benefiting agricultural practices.

Analisis Efisiensi Teknis Usaha tani Tebu Di Desa Arjosari Bagian Timur (Studi Kasus Di Desa Arjosari Bagian Timur, Kecamatan Kalipare, Kabupaten Malang)

Sugarcane plantations played an important role in increased value-added in the economy. Sugarcane is used as a key ingredient in sugar production. High consumption has not offset the production of sugar. Production can meet consumption by performing technical efficiency of usaha tani. This study is aimed at identifying the impact of the use of sugarcane production factors and the technical efficiency of the use of sugarcane production factors. The implementation of this study is in the village of Arjosari in the east, Calypso district, unfortunate district. The study population is 35 respondents in sugarcane growers. Sample strain strain is 32 respondents. The methods used in data collection are observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Analysis used is linear regression using f-test, t-test, and technical efficiency. Results obtained in this study indicate that in a simultaneous free variable (x) has an effect on bound variables (y). Those that have partial effects are manure (x3), zec fertilizer (x4), and labor (x7). Other such variables as land area (x1), seeds (x2), fertilizer phonska (x5) and drops or molasses (x6) have no effect on sugarcane production. Technical efficiency is known for the value of constants obtained in the production function of the cobb douglass stochastic frontier. Unavailable translation service. Subscribe now to enjoy professional translation

Contribution of the ratoon sugarcane with planting years to river pollution evidenced from the four-year watershed observation

Non-point source pollution water erosion caused by sugarcane planting on sloping land is a serious environmental problem in tropical and subtropical regions. The adjustment of sugarcane planting patterns (ratio of perennial to new planting areas) will affect slope soil erosion. However, the relationship between the contribution of sugarcane land to river pollution load and the planting years of ratoon sugarcane remains unclear. To quantitatively analyse the contribution of sugarcane fields to eroded sediment nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads into the river in different ratoon years and growing seasons, this study was conducted in the intensive sugarcane cultivation area of the southern subtropical Guangxi Nala sub watershed, using the specific compound specific stable isotope (CSSI) traceability technology and real-time monitoring in the watershed. The changes of N and P loading of sugarcane soil erosion and sediment into the river was determined at different ratoon years (RS0-RS3) in addition to the related influencing factors. The results showed that the influence of different ratoon years on the N and P input loads of eroded sediment from sugarcane fields was significantly greater than that of runoff. The contribution of different ratoon sugarcane planting years (including root density) to the loads of sediment N and P into the river was 67.1 % (p < 0.01), which was 2.8 times that of runoff (24.3 %) (p < 0.05). With increasing ratoon sugarcane planting years, the N and P loads of sediment into the river from the sugarcane land decreased significantly; the ratoon sugarcane planting years showed a highly significant negative correlation with the N loads of sediment into the river from the sugarcane fields (p < 0.01), and a significant negative correlation with P (p < 0.05) was observed. Newly planted sugarcane contributed the most to the N and P sediment loads into the river at the seedling stage and the least at the maturity stage. Therefore, in the intensive sugarcane planting areas, to effectively control erosion-induced non-point source pollution, perennial sugarcane planting areas should be rationally in the newly planted sugarcane fields, especially at the seedling stage, to increase land surface cover.

Genetic Engineering for Enhancing Sugarcane Tolerance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses.

Sugarcane, a vital cash crop, contributes significantly to the world's sugar supply and raw materials for biofuel production, playing a significant role in the global sugar industry. However, sustainable productivity is severely hampered by biotic and abiotic stressors. Genetic engineering has been used to transfer useful genes into sugarcane plants to improve desirable traits and has emerged as a basic and applied research method to maintain growth and productivity under different adverse environmental conditions. However, the use of transgenic approaches remains contentious and requires rigorous experimental methods to address biosafety challenges. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) mediated genome editing technology is growing rapidly and may revolutionize sugarcane production. This review aims to explore innovative genetic engineering techniques and their successful application in developing sugarcane cultivars with enhanced resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses to produce superior sugarcane cultivars.

Influence of Bio-Stimulant to Rooting and Biomass of Sugarcane Setts at Pre-Tillering Stage

Sugarcane is an important crop in the Philippines planted throughout the country but is most abundant in the Visayas and particularly on Negros Island. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of different concentrations of bio-stimulant on enhancing root and biomass accumulations at the pre-tillering stage of the sugarcane plant. The study was conducted at the University of Negros Occidental – Recoletos School of Agriculture, Philippines last December 6, 2023, to February 6, 2024. One hundred pieces of two-eyed cane points of RC-88 were used as planting materials. Soaking the cane points in water was done for 24 hours. Thereafter they were removed from water and air-dried for 30 minutes. The bio-stimulant was prepared before the application based on the study protocol. The bio-stimulant was diluted in distilled water and applied at the base of the plant using a measuring cup for even distribution. Regular monitoring for the presence of pests/diseases was done including watering. There were five (5) treatments, replicated four (4) times using Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Statistical analysis revealed that most of the characteristics of sugarcane plants significantly correlated with roots and biomass accumulation when applied with different levels of concentrations of bio-stimulant concentration at the pre-tillering stage of sugarcane. The use of 500ml Bio-stimulant significantly influenced the germination, tiller height, weight of tillers, weight of roots, length of roots, and biomass. This study recommends the use of 500ml bio-stimulant in enhancing the rooting and biomass accumulation of sugarcane setts at pre-tillering stage.

Enhancing Rooting and Biomass of Sugarcane Setts with Bio-Stimulant at Germination Stage

The study aims to determine the effect of the application of bio-stimulant to one-eyed and two-eyed sugarcane setts as planting materials in enhancing the rooting and biomass. The study was conducted at UNO-R School of Agriculture, Philippines from November to December 2023. Phil 2006-2289 variety was used as planting materials. The study was laid out in a two-way factorial Completely Randomized Design with the kind of materials as the main plot and the four (4) levels of concentration of bio-stimulant solutions (BSS) plus the control as the sub-plots replicated 4 times. Cane setts preparation was done a day before the planting operations. Leaf sheaths were remove and only those setts with good and viable eye buds were selected for planting. Soaking was done for 24 hours. Bio-stimulants (BSS) were diluted in water and used as a soaking solution and succeeding application was done 15 days after planting. Statistical analysis revealed highly significant differences among treatments on the germination, biomass accumulation, weight and length of roots, number, weight, and height of tillers applied with 500ml of BSS. There was a high significant difference on the root length and biomass as influence by type of cane setts and the levels of concentration of BSS. Two-eyed cane setts applied with 500ml of BSS got the heaviest root weight and biomass. The study recommends the use of 500ml of BSS and two-eyed cane setts in enhancing the rooting and biomass of sugarcane plants during the germination phase.