Sugarcane Bagasse Research Articles

Mechanical and Vibration Properties of Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Sisal, Areca, and Hemp Fibers, Enhanced by Sugarcane Bagasse and Coconut Husk Fillers

Mechanical and Vibration Properties of Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Sisal, Areca, and Hemp Fibers, Enhanced by Sugarcane Bagasse and Coconut Husk Fillers

Silica-derived materials from agricultural wastes: characterization and comparative studies

The management and disposal of agro-wastes are the major environmental problems nowa-days and presence of substantial quantity of silica in agro-wastes made them possible to convert waste into valuable fertilizer materials. The present study aimed to extract silica from various agro-wastes such as paddy straw (PS), sugarcane bagasse (SB), maize cobs (MC) and coconut husk (CH) by exposing to various calcination temperatures (500o C, 600o C and 700o C) and characterized through XRF, FESEM-EDAX, TEM, FT-IR, XR-D and other basic properties. The recovery of silica from paddy straw calcined at 700o C was higher than that of other temperatures and sources tested.

Naturally derived organic biochar as an alternative to commercially activated carbon in the oxygen removal of seafood processing wastewater

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe seafood processing industries are tremendously increasing in numbers which eventually discharge a large quantity of wastewater with a high range of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), directly into the aquatic environment. A high level of BOD and COD in wastewater pertains to a higher level of pollution which must be reduced to prevent hazardous impacts on ecosystems. The main objective of the research aimed to develop cost‐effective biochar and to remove BOD and COD from processing wastewater using two natural biomasses: water hyacinth and sugarcane bagasse.RESULTSNaOH‐treated and non‐treated biochar for both water hyacinth as well as sugarcane bagasse were prepared through the process of pyrolysis carried out at 600 °C with three different residence times of 30, 45 and 60 min. The wastewater was initially analyzed for BOD and COD levels. The results showed that among all the groups of biochars, the water hyacinth NaOH‐treated biochar pyrolyzed at 600 °C for 60 min exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) higher levels of reduction in BOD (86.6 ± 0.03%) and COD (94.3 ± 0.05%) at a residence time of 60 min in D2 (0.5 g (250 mL)−1). The maximum removal efficiency was observed for water hyacinth NaOH‐treated biochar pyrolyzed at 600 °C for 60 min.CONCLUSIONThe removal efficiencies of organic load revealed that the treated biochars exhibited a better reduction of nutrients. The biochar efficiencies when compared with those of activated carbon exhibited a higher removal level. The present research can be used to reduce BOD and COD levels in wastewater treatments. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

Experimental and numerical study on multiphase fluid dynamics of coal and blends with biomass (sugarcane bagasse) in a lab-scale full-loop circulating fluidized bed gasifier

ABSTRACT The current research presents a 3-D hydrodynamic simulation of the fluidized bed riser with a validated CFD model at different superficial gas velocities and inventory composition (coal of 2 kg is blended with sugarcane bagasse weights 0.2 kg and 0.8 kg). The experiments are performed by varying superficial gas velocity (0.5 Umf to 3 Umf), coal particle size (460 μm and 460 μm), and coal bed inventory size (1.5 kg and 2 kg) in a pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed riser of 100 mm diameter and 3000 mm height. The CFD model results are in good agreement with experimental pressure drop and solid volume fraction. The effect of drag and lift force in fluidization hydrodynamics has been studied. The validated CFD model is then extended to predict the hydrodynamics of the three-fluid, coal-sugarcane bagasse-air system. A mixing factor is defined to quantify the mixing behavior of coal and sugarcane bagasse. It is concluded that a 200 gm sugarcane bagasse blend has good mixing than the 800 gm blends. For efficient mixing, coal and sugarcane bagasse fluidized beds should operate in the 2 Umf to 4 Umf superficial gas velocity range. The results of axial and radial distribution of coal, sugarcane bagasse and air volume fraction, pressure drop, slip velocity, and fluidized bed heights are presented.

Performance characteristic of sugarcane fiber and bagasse ash as cement replacement in sustainable concrete

Performance characteristic of sugarcane fiber and bagasse ash as cement replacement in sustainable concrete

Sugarcane bagasse derived xylooligosaccharides produced by an arabinofuranosidase/xylobiohydrolase from Bifidobacterium longum in synergism with xylanases

Arabinoxylan is a major hemicellulose in the sugarcane plant cell wall with arabinose decorations that impose steric restrictions on the activity of xylanases against this substrate. Enzymatic removal of the decorations by arabinofuranosidases can allow a more efficient arabinoxylan degradation by xylanases. Here we produced and characterized a recombinant Bifidobacterium longum arabinofuranosidase from glycoside hydrolase family 43 (BlAbf43) and applied it, together with GH10 and GH11 xylanases, to produce xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from wheat arabinoxylan and alkali pretreated sugarcane bagasse. The enzyme synergistically enhanced XOS production by GH10 and GH11 xylanases, being particularly efficient in combination with the latter family of enzymes, with a degree of synergism of 1.7. We also demonstrated that the enzyme is capable of not only removing arabinose decorations from the arabinoxylan and from the non-reducing end of the oligomeric substrates, but also hydrolyzing the xylan backbone yielding mostly xylobiose and xylose in particular cases. Structural studies of BlAbf43 shed light on the molecular basis of the substrate recognition and allowed hypothesizing on the structural reasons of its multifunctionality.

Removal of Cr(VI) from Wastewater Using Acrylonitrile Grafted Cellulose Extracted from Sugarcane Bagasse

A highly efficient low-cost adsorbent was prepared using raw and chemically modified cellulose isolated from sugarcane bagasse for decontamination of Cr(VI) from wastewater. First, cellulose pulp was isolated from sugarcane bagasse by subjecting it to acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis and bleaching with sodium chlorate (NaClO3). Then, the bleached cellulose pulp was chemically modified with acrylonitrile monomer in the presence Fenton’s reagent (Fe+2/H2O2) to carry out grafting of acrylonitrile onto cellulose by atom transfer radical polymerization. The developed adsorbent (acrylonitrile grafted cellulose) was analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Both raw cellulose and acrylonitrile grafted cellulose were used for chromium removal from wastewater. The effects of metal ion concentration, pH, adsorbent dose and time were studied, and their values were optimized. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto raw and chemically modified cellulose were: metal ion concentration: 50 ppm, adsorbent dose: 1 g, pH: 6, and time: 60 min. The maximum efficiencies of 73% and 94% and adsorption capacities of 125.95 mg/g and 267.93 mg/g were achieved for raw and acrylonitrile grafted cellulose, respectively. High removal efficiency was achieved, owing to high surface area of 79.92 m2/g and functional active binding cites on grafted cellulose. Isotherm and kinetics studies show that the experimental data were fully fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo first-order model. The adsorbent (acrylonitrile grafted cellulose) was regenerated using three different types of regenerating reagents and reused thirty times, and there was negligible decrease (19%) in removal efficiency after using it for 30 times. Hence, it is anticipated that acrylonitrile could be utilized as potential candidate material for commercial scale Cr(VI) removal from wastewater.

Higher efficiency of vanadate iron in heterogeneous Fenton-like systems to pretreat sugarcane bagasse and its enzymatic saccharification.

Pretreatment is crucial for effective enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose such as sugarcane bagasse (SCB). In the present study, SCB was pretreated with five kinds of heterogeneous Fenton-like systems (HFSs), respectively, in which α-FeOOH, α-Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and FeS2 worked as four traditional heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts (HFCs), while FeVO4 worked as a novel HFC. The enzymatic reducing sugar conversion rate was then compared among SCB after different heterogeneous Fenton-like pretreatments (HFPs), and the optimal HFS and pretreatment conditions were determined. The mechanism underlying the difference in saccharification efficiency was elucidated by analyzing the composition and morphology of SCB. Moreover, the ion dissolution characteristics, variation of pH and Eh values, H2O2 and hydroxyl radical (·OH) concentration of FeVO4 and α-Fe2O3 HFSs were compared. The results revealed that the sugar conversion rate of SCB pretreated with FeVO4 HFS reached up to 58.25%, which was obviously higher than that under other HFPs. In addition, the surface morphology and composition of the pretreated SCB with FeVO4 HFS were more conducive to enzymatic saccharification. Compared with α-Fe2O3, FeVO4 could utilize H2O2 more efficiently, since the dissolved Fe3+ and V5+ can both react with H2O2 to produce more ·OH, resulting in a higher hemicellulose and lignin removal rate and a higher enzymatic sugar conversion rate. It can be concluded that FeVO4 HFP is a promising approach for lignocellulose pretreatment.

Development and Validation of the HPLC Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Glucose and Xylose in Sugar Cane Bagasse Extract.

A validated rapid high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-refractive index (RI) method was developed for the identification and quantification of glucose and xylose in hydrolyzed bagasse extract. The separation of compounds was achieved on Eurokat® H column (300 × 8mm, 10μm) at 75°C, using 0.01N sulfuric acid solution as mobile phase and 0.6mL/min as flow rate. The method was validated based on accuracy, precision, linearity, robustness, uncertainty, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). Total chromatographic analysis time per sample was ~11min. Calibration plots were linear over the concentration ranges 11-100μg/100μL for glucose and xylose. The LOD was 0.8ppm and LOQ was 2.5ppm. The high recovery and low relative standard deviation confirm the suitability of the method for determination of glucose and xylose in bagasse extract. The proposed HPLC-RI method was accurate, fast and robust and required less run time due to less analytes retention times and allowed optimal energy consumption owing to lower column oven temperature.

Evaluating sugarcane bagasse fly ash as a sustainable cement replacement for enhanced performance

This study evaluated the potential of sugarcane bagasse fly ash, collected from boiler exhaust stacks via a bypass pipe, as a renewable supplementary cementitious material. The bagasse fly ash was ground into three different particle sizes (D50 of 10, 20, and 30 μm) and characterized in terms of morphology, porosity, specific surface area, and pozzolanic activity. The influence of the ashes on paste hydration was investigated using isothermal calorimetry. Mortars were then tested with 20% cement replacement by fly ash, analyzing packing density, compressive strength evolution, and durability against sulfuric acid. Results indicated the suitability of the fly ash as a supplementary cementitious material, with low contamination and greater pozzolanic activity at smaller particle sizes. This enhanced initial hydration and long-term strength, with finer ashes showing superior mechanical properties when compared to the reference mortar (an 8% increase). Mortars with fly ash exhibited higher packing density and reduced mass loss under sulfuric acid attack, but increased water absorption and capillarity, alongside decreased compressive strength compared to the reference. Briefly, the findings highlighted that the potential of bagasse fly ash as a promising low cost and eco-beneficial material for sustainable construction practices.

Agricultural Waste Management by Production of Second-Generation Bioethanol from Sugarcane Bagasse Using Indigenous Yeast Strain.

In the wake of rapid industrialization and burgeoning transportation networks, the escalating demand for fossil fuels has accelerated the depletion of finite energy reservoirs, necessitating urgent exploration of sustainable alternatives. To address this, current research is focusing on renewable fuels like second-generation bioethanol from agricultural waste such as sugarcane bagasse. This approach not only circumvents the contentious issue of food-fuel conflicts associated with biofuels but also tackles agricultural waste management. In the present study indigenous yeast strain, Clavispora lusitaniae QG1 (MN592676), was isolated from rotten grapes to ferment xylose sugars present in the hemicellulose content of sugarcane bagasse. To liberate the xylose sugars, dilute acid pretreatment was performed. The highest reducing sugars yield was 1.2% obtained at a temperature of 121°C for 15min, a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:25 (% w/v), and an acid concentration of 1% dilute acid H2SO4 that was significantly higher (P < 0.001) yield obtained under similar conditions at 100°C for 1h. The isolated strain was statistically optimized for fermentation process by Plackett-Burman design to achieve the highest ethanol yield. Liberated xylose sugars were completely utilized by Clavispora lusitaniae QG1 (MN592676) and gave 100% ethanol yield. This study optimizes both fermentation process and pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse to maximize bioethanol yield and demonstrates the ability of isolated strain to effectively utilize xylose as a carbon source. The desirable characteristics depicted by strain Clavispora lusitaniae shows its promising utilization in management of industrial waste like sugarcane bagasse by its conversion into renewable biofuels like bioethanol.

Embedding sugarcane bagasse (SCB) in clay bricks used in building envelop to reduce the electricity consumption

Climate change is predicted to provide several issues for the built environment, including an increased need for cooling buildings in the summer season. Controlling the heating and cooling loads in indoor spaces and creating energy-efficient buildings in hot regions is the scope of this research. Previous studies tackled the significance of eco-friendly materials and their role in energy efficiency and carbon reduction. This research intends to examine the efficiency of embedding sugarcane bagasse in exterior walls as thermal insulation to reduce electricity consumption in hot regions such as Egypt, without compromising the physical and chemical properties of the walls. Since clay bricks are widely used to cover the exterior building envelope in Egypt this research designed a new clay brick that embeds sugarcane bagasse to minimize the exterior heat gain and reduce electricity consumption. The research used experimental methods to test and compare the physical and chemical properties of the clay brick after embedding sugarcane bagasse (SCB). In addition, a simulation analysis using “TRNSYS” software was made to measure the efficiency of the clay bricks with sugarcane bagasse (SCB) in reducing electricity consumption to cool indoor spaces. The study revealed that the new insulated clay brick would preserve the mechanical properties of the regular clay brick; furthermore, it could reduce 19.5% of the cooling loads consumed in buildings located in hot, arid regions. The proposed insulated clay bricks with SCB are a viable solution for well-insulated buildings towards a sustainable environment in hot, arid regions.

Effect of tannin and calcium lignosulfonate-based adhesives on particleboards production

Laboratory tests were carried out to evaluate the feasibility of producing particleboards with sugarcane bagasse and Eucalyptus sp. and adhesives (tannin pure and lignosulfonate (tannin + lignosulfonate in the proportion of 80:20)). The adhesives were characterized (pH, gel time, viscosity, and density), and the physical and mechanicals properties was realized (water absorption and thickness swelling, moisture content, gravimetric density, density profile by X-ray, elasticity and rupture modulus, and internal bond).The particleboards showed some homogeneity in density. As to the thickness swelling, the means varied from 24.15 % to 35.57 %, with higher averages for those particleboards that used lignosulfonate adhesive. The same effect could be seen in the water absorption test, with emphasis on the tannin-lignosulfonate adhesives, with averages 18.5 % higher than those of pure tannin, regardless of the type of material. Based on the internal bond test, the highlight was the treatment with 100 % wood particles and pure tannin adhesive. As sugarcane bagasse was added, there was a reduction in modulus of elasticity, independently of the adhesive used. The results highlighted the using lignosulfonate as a component obtained inferior results when compared to those of pure tannin, mainly concerning humidity and the internal bond test. As well as a gradual loss of strength as the wood was replaced by sugarcane bagasse. In this aspect, environmental issues are gained as waste is used; in such uses, such properties are not required.

Novel magnetic N-doped biochar derived from sugarcane bagasse and red mud for effective adsorption of tetracycline hydrochloride

In this work, with sugarcane bagasse (SB) and red mud (RM) as raw materials, magnetic nitrogen (N)-doped biochar (MNSB) was synthesized by a facile one-pot pyrolysis method and then applied as an efficient adsorbent to remove tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) from wastewater. The results of SEM, EDS, VSM, BET, FT-IR, and XPS demonstrated that the synthesized MNSB adsorbent had a large specific surface area, excellent superparamagnetic properties, and rich mesopore pore structures. The batch adsorption experiments revealed that the TC-HCl could be removed 96.3% with the optimal adsorption conditions: MNSB dosage of 0.25g/L, initial pH of 6.58, TC-HCl initial concentration of 20mg/L, and adsorption temperature of 30oC. The analysis of adsorption kinetics and isotherms showed that the adsorption process was mainly controlled by chemisorption, and the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of TC-HCl on MNSB was 143.9mg/g. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the excellent adsorption process of MNSB for TC-HCl was mainly contributed by pore filling, π–π interaction, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic attraction. The recycling and settlement experiments demonstrated that MNSB had good stability and settleability. This study successfully opened new prospects that utilizing RM and SB to prepare a low-cost adsorbent to remove TC-HCl from water.

Graphene nanosheet reinforcement of polyurethane nanocomposite for green and sustainable photoluminescence, superhydrophobic, and anticorrosive paint.

A simple and environmentally friendly method was developed for smart and efficient waterborne polyurethane (PUR) paint. Sugarcane bagasse was recycled into reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (rGONSs). Both lanthanide-doped aluminate nanoparticles (LAN; photoluminescent agent, 7-9nm) and rGONSs (reinforcement agent) were integrated into a waterborne polyurethane to produce a novel photoluminescent, hydrophobic, and anticorrosive nanocomposite coating. Using ferrocene-based oxidation under masked circumstances, graphene oxide nanosheets were produced from sugarcane bagasse. The oxidized semicarbazide (SCB) nanostructures were integrated into polyurethane coatings as a drying, anticorrosion, and crosslinking agent. Polyurethane coatings with varying amounts of phosphor pigment were prepared and subsequently applied to mild steel. The produced paints (LAN/rGONSs@PUR) were tested for their hydrophobicity, hardness, and scratch resistance. Commission Internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) Laboratory parameters and photoluminescence analysis established the opacity and colourimetric properties of the nanocomposite coatings. When excited at 365 nm, the luminescent transparent paints emitted a strong greenish light at 517 nm. The anticorrosion characteristics of the coated steel were investigated. The phosphor-containing (11% w/w) polyurethane coatings displayed the most pronounced anticorrosion capability and long-persistent luminosity. The prepared waterborne polyurethane paints were very photostable and durable.

Characterization, performance evaluation and optimization of wheat straw – bagasse blended fuel pellets

This study was carried out to assess the fuel pellets produced from wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse. The wheat straw and bagasse were blended into four ratios including; 10:90, 30:70, 70:30 and 90:10 (wheat straw: bagasse) and developed into fuel pellets. The fuel pellets were characterized to determine the moisture content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash content, calorific value, bulk density and mechanical durability. The ignition time, burning rate and specific fuel consumption of the wheat straw – bagasse blended fuel pellets were studied at varying blend ratios (10:90, 30:70, 70:30 and 90:10), moisture contents (9.1%, 10.6%, 12.6% and 14.7%) and raw material particle sizes (2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm and 10 mm). Results indicated that the wheat straw: bagasse blend ratios containing more proportion of bagasse (30:70 and 10:90) recorded a shorter ignition time, higher burning rate and lower specific fuel consumption. Larger raw material particle sizes exhibited shorter ignition time, higher burning rate and specific fuel consumption. Moreso, the fuel pellets with low moisture contents also recorded shorter ignition time, higher burning rate and lower specific fuel consumption. It was concluded that fuel pellets with high quantity of bagasse, large particle sizes and low moisture content demonstrated favorable combustion characteristics. Response surface methodology was used in the optimization so as to determine the optimum combination of blending ratio, moisture content and raw material particle size that would result in the lowest ignition time, highest burning rate and lowest specific fuel consumption. Results indicated that an optimum combination of a wheat straw: bagasse blend ratio of 10:90, moisture content of 14.70% and a particle size of 10.00 mm resulted in the lowest ignition time, highest burning rate and lowest specific fuel consumption.

Investigating the concomitant production of carotenoids and lipids by the yeast Rhodosporidium babjevae using sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate or corn steep liquor

The yeast Rhodosporidium babjevae was used to produce carotenoids, lipids, and fatty acids using sugarcane bagasse hydrolysates or glucose. Investigating the impact of glucose concentrations (10-150 g/L), the yeast showed the capability to yield 16.9 g/L biomass and 10.5 g/L lipids at 60 g glucose/L, while the highest pigments concentration (312 μg/g) was observed at 10 g glucose/L. Pre-treatment methods, including organosolv (ethanol 60 %(w/w)), alkali (NaOH 2 %(w/v)) and alkaline-organosolv (ethanol 60 %(w/w) and NaOH 2 %(w/v)) were used on the sugarcane bagasse following enzymatic hydrolysis. Among these, alkaline organosolv pre-treatment exhibited the most effective lignin removal of 81.9 %, releasing 46.7 g/L sugars by hydrolysis. Yeast cultivation on the enzymatic hydrolysates of alkaline organosolv pre-treatment resulted in the highest biomass (9.6 g/L) and lipids (5.0 g/L) yields. However, the highest content of pigments (280 μg/g) was achieved when the yeast was cultivated on the enzymatic hydrolysates of organosolv pre-treatment. Production of 11.3 g/L biomass, 204 μg/g pigments, and 6.7 g/L lipids established that corn steep liquor holds potential as a cheap and viable alternative to yeast extract as nitrogen source. The analysis of fatty acid composition revealed the prevalence of oleic acid and linoleic acid as dominant components.

Novel Green Synthesis ofValue-Added Graphene Quantum Dots from Bagasse and Pith for Biological Applications

The continuing rush for potential biomedical applications has sparked the fabrication of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) particularly from agricultural waste. GQDs are unique among carbon-based nanomaterials due to their flexibility, chemical stability, size control, and non-toxic nature. In this study, we have developed Graphene Quantum dots from sugarcane bagasse (GQDs-SB) and sugarcane bagasse pith (GQDs-SBP) by carbonization followed by microwave pyrolysis. The optical properties of the synthesized GQDs-SB and GQDs-SBP were characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy and Photoluminescence (PL) analysis and the surface functional groups were determined by FT- IR analysis. The High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) was used to examine dimensions and structure of GQDs-SB and GQDs-SBP.The storage stability of GQDs-SB and GQDs-SBP was monitored using Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy.The synthesized GQDs-SB and GQDs-SBP were evaluated for biological applications like anti-oxidant activity, anti inflammatoryactivity and cytotoxic effect was also assessed. GQDs-SB and GQDs-SBP demonstrated significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects due to their great ability to scavenge free radicals and extraordinary water solubility. The synthesized GQDs-SB and GQDs-SBP were less toxic in nature.

Ozone-activated lignocellulose films blended with chitosan for edible film production

This work focuses on the influence of ozone pretreatment on the fractionation and solubilization of sugarcane bagasse and soda bagasse pulp fibers in sodium hydroxide/urea solution, as well as the application of regenerated cellulose for producing edible films. The methodology involved pretreating lignocelluloses with ozone for 20 to 120 min before dissolving in sodium hydroxide/urea solution. The influence of the pretreatment conditions on cellulose dissolution yield was investigated. Regenerated cellulose films were then formed, with and without the addition of 2 % chitosan. Mechanical, physical, structural, thermal, and antimicrobial attributes were determined as a function of ozonation conditions of raw materials and chitosan content. The findings exhibited positive effects of short ozonation on enhancing mechanical strength, cohesion, and hydrophobicity. The prolonged ozonation of 120 min demonstrated optimal improvements in continuity, swelling, and antibacterial resistance of obtained films. Incorporating chitosan enhanced tensile performance, stiffness, and vapor barriers but increased moisture absorption. Tailoring the activation of biomass through ozone pretreatment and chitosan addition resulted in renewable films with adjustable properties to meet diverse packaging requirements, particularly for fruit protective coatings, ensuring the preservation of post-harvest quality.

Investigating the effects of biofilm, biopolymer, and enzymatic treatment methods on natural fiber for improving concrete strength properties

In today's age, finding harmony between construction endeavors and safeguarding the environment is of utmost importance. Consequently, there is a substantial requirement to explore the feasibility of utilizing waste materials as a replacement for traditional construction substances. Unfortunately, there is a lack of information regarding the possibilities of incorporating recycled glass, rice husk, and sugarcane bagasse ash into concrete production. This study investigated the viability of integrating recycled glass fibres and agricultural waste ash into concrete to bolster its strength and sustainability. When evaluating mechanical and durability properties across five mixtures, the concrete formulations ranged in fibre content percentages from 1% to 3% and in ash content percentages from 10% to 20%. Specifically, Mixtures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 contained 1% fibre and 10% ash, 2% fibre and 15% ash, 2.5% fibre and 20% ash, 3% fibre and 12% ash, and 1.5% fibre and 18% ash respectively. Mixture 2 and Mixture 5, boasting heightened fibre and ash content, showcased outstanding compressive strength at 38.5 MPa and 37.2 MPa, respectively, indicating a positive correlation between these materials and concrete strength. Conversely, Mixture 3, burdened with excessive fibre and ash content, witnessed diminished strength, underscoring the necessity for meticulous optimization. In terms of tensile and flexural strength, Mixture 2 and Mixture 5 displayed commendable performance, while Mixture 3 suffered setbacks from excessive content. Durability assessments unveiled Mixture 1 and Mixture 4's superior freeze-thaw resistance, with minimal mass loss (1.5% and 1.8%, respectively) and no visible damage, rendering them favorable choices for sustainable construction. Contrastingly, Mixture 3 exhibited poorer freeze-thaw resistance and higher environmental impact, highlighting the need for careful consideration in material selection. Overall, this study underscores the importance of optimizing concrete formulations through the integration of recycled materials, paving the way for stronger, more durable, and environmentally friendly construction practices.