Sugar Retention Research Articles

Investigations on the existence of a specific retention of d-glucose by the human erythrocyte membrane

1. 1. The retention of sugars by human erythrocyte membranes after incubation with different solutions containing a 3H- and a 14C-labelled sugar was compared by liquid scintillation counting, using a three-channel procedure with which it is possible to detect a change in the channel ratio of 3H and 14C of 0.2%. 2. 2. The retention of d-glucose by fragmented white ghost cell membranes did not differ from that of l-glucose or d-galactose. 3. 3. d-Glucose was taken up by intact pink ghost cells to a slightly greater extent than d-galactose at sugar concentrations of 1 mM or 40 mM. The increased uptake of d-glucose persisted after addition of HgCl 2 and phloretin in concentrations which block sugar transport. 4. 4. It is concluded that the retention of d-glucose by pink ghost cells does not bear any resemblance to the characteristics of the sugar transport system of the human erythrocyte as derived from kinetic data. The experiments thus do not support previous results in which it has been suggested that an interaction of d-glucose with the sugar transport system of human erythrocyte membranes is detectable in binding experiments.

Sugar Retention, Cofactor Levels, and Leakage of Metabolites in X-Irradiated, Starved Yeast Cells

Abstract : Irradiated cells retained a greater portion of (14C)sorbose, though rates of efflux were similar during a first phase of exit and rates of uptake were similar. The thiamine pyrophosphate content of irradiated cells was greater than that of unirradiated cells, whereas pyruvate decarboxylase activities and ATP and DPN contents were similar. Similar amounts of 260 millimicrons absorbing materials were lost by irradiated and unirradiated cells during starvation. Incubation with glucose or maltose increased the total loss, while incubation with severa less readily metabolized sugars or with hexitols increased the relative loss from irradiated cells. (Author)

STUDIES ON THE MANUFACTURE OF FODDER-YEAST FROM SP WASTE LIQUOR

Comparative studies on the sugar consumption, growth state, retention time, and characteristics of the products between Mysotorula japonica and Candida tropicalis var. were carried out for continuous laboratory propagation. It was revealed that both of them had almost the same ability.The lower the initial yeast concentration, the longer the induction period was required. So, it seemed to be most desirable that the inoculum was placed at about 1% concentration. Under this condition the yields of yeast were about 50% of the consumed sugar and the biochemical oxygen demand (B.O.D.) was reduced to about 50% of original value.Spent sulphite waste liquor after alcohol fermentation (S.Alc.W.L.) was used as substrate, but satisfactory results were not attained.For the chief purpose of B.O.D. reduction, the mixture of sulphite waste liquor (S.W.L.) and S.Alc.W.L. was used. Consequently, the yield was a little lower than that of S.W.L. only.There is considerable amount of sugar in the waste liquor of kraft pulp precooking.But, it mostly consists of pentose, so it was hardly consumed by these yeast.

ON THE MECHANISM OF MILK SECRETION

ON THE MECHANISM OF MILK SECRETION