Sugar Industry Research Articles

The Influence of Safety Leadership and Safety Climate on Safety Behavior is Mediated by Safety Motivation in Sugar Factory Employees

The sugar industry has complex production processes and involves various risks, including the high potential for employee accidents. To reduce this risk, the implementation of an effective work safety programme is required. This reserach aims to analyse the effect of safety leadership and safety climate on safety behaviour mediated by safety motivation in sugar factory employees. The method used is quantitative with data collection through questionnaires. The population of this study were all sugar factory employees in Indonesia, with a sample of 100 respondents selected using random sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out using Path Analysis in the SEM-PLS programme. The results showed that Safety Leadership and Safety Climate positively influence the Safety Behaviour of sugar factory employees. In addition, Safety Motivation mediates the influence of Safety Leadership and Safety Climate on Safety Behaviour, which indicates that Safety Motivation can strengthen the influence of these two factors on the safety behaviour of sugar factory employees. This reserach provides important implications for sugar factory management to pay more attention to aspects of motivation and safety climate to improve safety behaviour in the workplace.

Expression of Trichoderma spp. endochitinase gene improves red rot disease resistance in transgenic sugarcane.

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.)is an economically useful crop grown globally for sugar, ethanol and biofuel production. The crop is vulnerable to fungus Colletotrichum falcatum known to cause red rot disease. The pathogen hydrolyses stalk parenchyma cells where sucrose is accumulated resulting in upto 75% losses in sugar recovery. In this study, transgenic sugarcane having resistance against red rot was developed by introducing Trichoderma spp. endochitinase following Agrobacterium mediated transformation. The transgene introduction and expression in genetically modified plants were verified through qRT-PCR revealing upto 6-fold enhancement in endochitinase expression than non-transgenic plants. Hyperspectral Imaging of transgenic plants displayed altered leaf reflectance spectra and vegetative indices that were positively correlated with ransgene expression. The bioassay with virulent pathotypes of C. falcatumCF08 and CF13 known for epiphytotic occurrence resulted in identification of resistant plant Chit 3-13.The plants with higher reflectance also displayed improved disease resistance, implying their early classification into resistant/susceptible. The losses in sucrose content were minimized (up to 4-fold) in inoculated resistant plant Chit 3-13 as compared to susceptible non-transgenic plant, and a fewer pathogen hyphae were detected in vascular cells of the former through optical microscopy. The electron micrographs confirmed sucrose-filled stalk parenchyma cells in Chit 3-13; in contrast, cells of non-transgenic inoculated plant were depleted of sucrose. The active sites involved in cleaving 1-4 β-glycoside bonds of N-acetyl-d-glucosaminein the pathogen hyphal walls were detected through endochitinase protein structural modelling. The transgenic sugarcane is an important source for in trogressingred rot resistance in plant breeding programs.

Delphi/AHP-Based Method for Biomass Sustainable Assessment in the Sugar Industry

Multi-criteria methods are highly attractive tools to address the inherent complexity of evaluating problems in various scientific areas. The combination of methods such as Delphi/AHP is emerging as a robust alternative to evaluate the sustainability of renewable energy sources. In this theoretical-descriptive research, the use of the Delphi method is proposed to select criteria and sub-criteria to obtain a high level of reliability, while the AHP method is used to establish an order of preference among the alternatives analyzed. This process requires the support of a committee of experts, whose role is to identify the various biomass alternatives that can be used in the sugar industry, considering aspects related to sustainability. The selected experts have identified energy, exergy, and emergetic indicators, in which economic, environmental, and social aspects are integrated. The multi-criteria analysis shows that the V1 variant was the most satisfactory in terms of biomass sustainability, representing 45% and 53% of the overall priorities in the evaluated case studies. In addition, the sensitivity analysis under an equal-weighted scenario for both study cases evidenced that variant V1 acquired the highest score (38.17%) among all alternatives. Variant V4 achieved the second highest score (31.79%), while alternative V2 achieved only 29.04%, respectively. The integration of Delphi/AHP methods emerges as a novel tool to assess sustainability in different industries of the energy sector.

Enhanced production of bioethanol through supercritical carbon dioxide-mediated pretreatment and saccharification of dewaxed bagasse

The pretreatment and saccharification of dewaxed bagasse (DWB) has been investigated under various reaction conditions ranging 2000 to 3200 psi, at 70 ± 1 °C in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCC). This has been in attempt to transform the DWB into fermentable sugar and bioethanol in high yields. The effect of SCC mediated pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis on structural and morphological alterations in DWB has been ascertained through diverse analytical methods. The sugar has been released through cellulase (40 FPU/mL) mediated enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated DWB in sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.7) within 1 h at SCC 2800 psi, 70 ± 1 °C. The released sugar was subsequently fermented in the presence of yeast (Saccharomyces crevices, 135 CFU) at 28 ± 1 °C over 72 h to afford the bioethanol. The SCC mediated process conducted in acetic acid:water media (1:1) at 2800 psi, 70 ± 1 °C over 6 h has afforded the pretreated DWB with maximum yield towards the production of fermentable sugar and bioethanol. The production of fermentable sugar and bioethanol has been electrochemically estimated through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) over glassy carbon electrode in KOH (0.1 M). The electrochemical methods were found selective and in close agreement for estimation of the yields (%) of fermentable sugars and bioethanol. The yield (%) of fermentable sugar estimated from CV and SWV were 80.10 ± 5.34 and 79.00 ± 5.09 respectively. Whereas the yield (%) of bioethanol estimated from CV and SWV were 81.30 ± 2.78% and 78.6 ± 1.25% respectively. Present investigation delivers a SCC mediated green and sustainable method of pretreatment of DWB to afford the enhanced saccharification, to produce bioethanol in high yields.

Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membranes of Cellulose Nanocrystal/Silver (CNC/Ag) for Removal of Phenol Compounds

Bagasse is the sugar cane residue obtained from the sugar industry. It is produced in large quantities and used to make paper because of its fibrous structure. In the present research, sugarcane bagasse (SCB) was chemically treated with HNO3, NaOH, and a bleaching agent to recover 58% of the chemically purified cellulose (CPC), which was subsequently hydrolyzed with H2SO4 to form cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). The capacity of a composite membrane made of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) enhanced with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to extract phenols from petrochemical effluent was examined. The prepared membrane was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the white spot on the crystal surface suggested AgNP agglomeration on the CNC surface. The nanocellulose possessed crystallinity indices ranging from 21.9 to 33.1 nm, whereas the silver particles measured 23 and 62 nm. The high separation result of phenol obtained at casting composition of 14% Ag NPs reached 60% at an equilibrium time of 45 min and pH 9. The isothermal and kinetic analysis explained that the rate of adsorption process is the pseudo-second order and followed the Frendlich isotherm models. The CNCs generated using this approach were found to be less agglomerated and more crystalline, indicating a better potential as bio-nanocomposite materials for wastewater treatment.

EFFECTS OF ADDITION BAGASSE DEGRADANT BY CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIA Bacillus subtilis ON GROWTH MEDIA OF OYSTER MUSHROOM Pleurotus ostreatus

Background: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) serves as a valuable resource for the sugar and beverage industries, a significant quantity of its by-product, bagasse, remains underutilized. A promising strategy for increasing the value of bagasse involves improving its substrate quality through the application of cellulose-degrading bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis. Methods: The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of bagasse degradant supplementation on the growth of oyster mushrooms. A randomized experimental design was employed to evaluate growth media containing varying concentrations of bagasse degradant (500, 600, 700, and 800 gram) in comparison to a control group. The study assessed the impact of bagasse degradant on pin diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, and water content, using ANOVA and the Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a significance level of 5%. Results: The study showed the addition of bagasse degradant affected the pin diameter, fresh weight, and dry weight of oyster mushroom. However, it is not effective towards the water content of oyster mushroom. Conclusion: The addition of bagasse degradant affected the pin diameter, fresh weight, and dry weight, whereas the water composition did not affected the growth of P. ostreatu

An improved industrial fault diagnosis model by integrating enhanced variational mode decomposition with sparse process monitoring method

With the continuous development of intelligent industrial processes, the sparse principal component analysis (SPCA), as a promising process monitoring method, has been widely used in the field of industrial fault detection. However, due to the inadequacy of data preprocessing and the insufficient detection accuracy for minor faults, the SPCA models exhibit obvious limitations in dealing with the processes with dynamic and temporal features. In this study, a Harris Hawk optimization method enhanced variational mode decomposition (HHO-VMD) coupled with the sliding window optimized adaptive SPCA (SWOASPCA) method is proposed to improve the fault detection performance of the SPCA models. In the HHO-VMD-SWOASPCA method, the process data is first preprocessed by adaptively and iteratively optimizing the number of modes and penalty terms in the VMD method via the Harris Hawk Optimization (HHO) method, and then the original SPCA model is combined with the sliding window method and the weight assignment strategy to enhance the model's adaptive capability and accuracy to detect minor faults. Moreover, an improved reconstruction-based contribution (RBC) method is presented to diagnose the detected faults for determining the fault causes. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by its application in the industrial sugar production process.

Molasses-based waste water irrigation: a friend or foe for carrot (Daucus carota L.) growth, yield and nutritional quality

Management of molasses-based wastewater generated in yeast and sugar industries is a major environmental concern due to its high chemical oxygen demand and other recalcitrant substances. Several strategies have been used to reduce the inland discharge of wastewater but the results are not satisfactory due to high operating cost. However, reuse of molasses-based wastewater irrigation in agriculture has been a major interest nowadays to reduce the freshwater consumption. Thus, it is crucial to monitor the impacts of molasses-based waste water irrigation on growth, metabolism, yield and nutritional quality of crops for safer consumer’s health. In present study, carrot seeds of a local cultivar (T-29) were germinated on filter paper in Petri dishes under controlled conditions. The germinated seeds were then transplanted into pots and irrigated with three different treatments normal water (T0), diluted molasses-based wastewater (T1), and untreated molasses-based wastewater (T2), in six replicates. Results revealed that carrot irrigated with untreated molasses-based waste water had exhibited significant reductions in growth, yield, physiology, metabolism, and nutritional contents. Additionally, accumulation of Cd and Pb contents in carrot roots irrigated with untreated molasses-based waste water exceed the permissible limits suggested by WHO and their consumption may cause health risks. While, diluted molasses-based waste water irrigation positively enhanced the growth, yield of carrot plants without affecting the nutritional quality. This strategy is cost effective, appeared as most appropriate alternative mean to reduce the freshwater consumption in water deficit regions of the world.

Efficient conversion of corn stover to glucose using alkaline DBU synergized glycerol-based deep eutectic solvent under mild conditions

Efficient pretreatment is crucial for the high-value and effective conversion of lignocellulose. However, the current glycerol-based deep eutectic solvent (DES-Gly) pretreatment method requires high reaction temperatures, considerable solvent usage, and yields low conversion efficiency. In this study, we investigated the pretreatment of corn stover with 1,8-diazobicyclic [5.4.0] undeca-7-ene (DBU) synergized with DES-Gly, which significantly enhances the glucose yield from corn stover. The strong synergistic effect of DBU and DES-Gly effectively removes lignin and substantially increases glucose yield. Under optimal conditions, 95.27 % glucose conversion could be achieved, even with the addition of only 2 FPU/mL of cellulase. The physicochemical properties of the DES-Gly solution and pretreated corn stover were analyzed using FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and 1 H NMR characterization techniques. In addition, DES-Gly and DBU synergy mechanisms are further explored. Our work provides a mild, efficient and low-cost DES-Gly-based pretreatment method, introducing a new way for the catalytic conversion of lignocellulose to sugar production.

Circular Economy Implementation in an Organization: A Case Study of the Taiwan Sugar Corporation

The implementation of circular economy principles is increasingly seen as a viable way to promote sustainable development and reduce environmental impact. This case study examines the implementation of circular economy principles at the Taiwan Sugar Company (TSC), a leading sugar manufacturer in Taiwan. This study analyzes the company’s efforts to redesign its production processes, develop closed-loop systems, and promote resource efficiency. It also explores the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing circular economy principles in the sugar industry, such as the complexity of supply chains, the need for stakeholder engagement, and the availability of sustainable technologies. This study follows the principles of British standard 8001:2017 to implement the concept of a circular economy into the organization. This study finds that the Taiwan Sugar Company has made significant progress in implementing circular economy principles, including adopting renewable energy sources, using byproducts as raw materials, developing sustainable packaging solutions, and using the output products of the company to make another useful product for industrial or agricultural use. These initiatives will result in the reduction of waste, an increase in resource efficiency, and enhanced environmental performance. However, this study also identifies several challenges that the company faces in implementing circular economy principles, such as the lack of standardized regulations and guidelines, the need for investment in sustainable technologies, and the need for stakeholder collaboration. Overall, this case study provides valuable insights into the implementation of circular economic principles in the sugar industry and offers practical recommendations for other organizations seeking to adopt circular economy principles. This study highlights the importance of stakeholder engagement, technological innovation, and regulatory support in promoting a transition toward a more sustainable and circular economy.

Enhancing Soybean Growth with Phytohormone-enriched PGPR Bioinoculants and Biofertilizers in Plant Stress Physiology

Background: The present investigation aimed to evaluate the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) bioinoculants and their carrier-based biofertilizers on the physiology of soybean. Methods: Seeds of two soybean varieties (cv. NARC-1 and cv. William-82) were either soaked in broth cultures of two PGPR strains, Planomicrobium chinense (MF616408) and Pseudomonas putida (KX574857), containing 106 cells/mL, or coated with biofertilizers. Three biofertilizers, namely biostimulant, biozote and biofert, were used. Result: Significant increases in root and shoot weight were observed with both liquid bioinoculants and carrier-based biofertilizers compared to the control. The consortium of P. chinense and P. putida resulted in the highest proline content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Biostimulant-treated plants exhibited higher catalase (CAT) activity and phenolics content. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA) levels were enhanced in plants treated with PGPR and biofertilizers. Specifically, P. chinense and the biostimulant significantly promoted IAA content in cv. William-82, while biozote and P. chinense treatments increased GA content in both varieties. The consortium of P. chinense and P. putida showed the lowest ABA levels. The highest IAA/ABA and GA/ABA ratios were observed in plants treated with P. chinense. Liquid bioinoculants had a more pronounced effect on plant growth than carrier-based biofertilizers, though biofertilizers had stronger residual effects on rhizosphere soil organic matter. The combined effects of phytohormones, sugar, protein and proline production and antioxidant enzyme activity influenced plant growth and development.

Analisis Profitabilitas Pelaku Usaha Gula Semut di Desa Serayu Larangan

Research objectives a) Identify the internal and external factors of ant sugar business actors in Serayu Larangan Village, Mrebet District, b) Find out the level of production, production costs, profits and profitability of ant sugar business actors in Serayu Larangan Village, Mrebet District. The research method used was a survey with location determination carried out purposively in Serayu Larangan Village, Mrebet District with a total of 3,831 productive coconut trees managed by 169 craftsmen with an average production reaching 115,050 kg. The sample was determined purposively as many as 20 ant sugar business actors who were considered to represent those who had been working in this profession for more than 3 years and also as their main livelihood. The type of data collected is primary and secondary data through interview, observation and documentation techniques. Qualitative and quantitative data processing techniques. Profitability is the ratio between profit/profit from sales of ant sugar. The results of the research show the identification of internal and external factors in the ant sugar business, including availability of land, availability of raw materials, skills of the perpetrator, availability of labor in the family and sources of capital, market demand, prices of ant sugar products tend to be high, technological developments, and the presence of competitors. from outside villages, and collaboration with outside. Ant sugar business actors in Serayu Larangan Village, Mrebet District have an average total cost structure of IDR 94,952.37,- with an average of IDR 159,732.50,-. The gain or profit was IDR 64,780.13, - with a profitability value of the ant sugar business actor of 68.22%, meaning that every time IDR 1.00 of production input is used, it will produce a profit of IDR 68.22.

The Impact of the Sugar Industry on Socio - Economic Transformation in Rahuri Tehsil

The Impact of the Sugar Industry on Socio - Economic Transformation in Rahuri Tehsil

The Impact of the Sugar Industry on Environmental Sustainability in Rahuri Tehsil

The Impact of the Sugar Industry on Environmental Sustainability in Rahuri Tehsil

Social perceptions regarding rivers associated with the sugar industry in Tucumán, Argentina

Social perceptions regarding rivers associated with the sugar industry in Tucumán, Argentina

Revitalizing Indonesia’s Sugar Industry: Unveiling the Potential of Sago as a Catalyst for National Sugar Self Sufficiency in the Future

Sago, the other source of sugar production need to be pursued in Indonesia, as Indonesia is highly dependent on sugar cane. This study aimed to analyze the production of liquid sugar based on sago by enzymatic method. The characteristics of liquid sugar made from sago has met with the standard provisions of Indonesian National Standard (SNI 01-2978992) except for the parameter of color. However, the color of sago liquid sugar is acceptable to consumers and market. The liquid sugar produced from sago could reach 0.6 to 0.8 liters per kg. If the sago is obtained from around 50,000 hectares of sago plantations and converted into liquid sugar, then around 600,000 kiloliters of sugar will be produced, or equivalent to 27% of the total national sugar production. The feasibility study showed that the sago liquid sugar business was profitable, which might be seen from the BCR value of 1.16, NPV Rp 58,754,955.64, PBP of 2 years 11 months, and IRR of 34.73%. Even though sago has a great potential, but the development still faces various problems such as unproper sago cultivation, difficulty to access sago land, limited mastery of farmer technology, and unestablished farmer institutions.

Saccharification of Different Delignified Sawdust Masses from Various Trees Along the Lagos Lagoon in Nigeria

Sawdust, a major waste product of the forestry industry, is accumulating along the Lagos Lagoon in Lagos, Nigeria, without it being effectively managed. Besides its use in The saccharification of sawdust could contribute to the development of renewable energy sources and feedstock for bioproduct development. The process is, however, not that straightforward as variables such as the type of cellulase enzyme, pretreatment of the cellulose substrate, and optimizing of cellulase to cellulose ratio are a few that need to be optimized for the process to be effective in terms of glucose production.manufacturing sound-absorbing boards to reinforce concrete beams and for energy purposes, its potential as a renewable energy source and feedstock for bio-product development has not yet been realized. Cellulose, a glucose biopolymer and structural component of cellulose can be hydrolyzed by a hydrolytic enzyme known as cellulase. During the process, the enzyme breaks the B-1,4-glucosidic bond, which keeps the glucose units together, and by acting on this bond, numerous glucose units are released. As part of sawdust, the cellulose molecule is not freely available for the degradation action of the cellulase enzyme as it is strongly associated with lignin, which acts as bio-glue, keeping cellulose and hemicellulose together. Delignification is an effective technique that was used to make the sawdust from ten different trees along the Lagos Lagoon in Nigeria more susceptible to saccharification by cellulase isolated from the fungus Aspergillus niger. Delignified and non-delignified sawdust masses between 2 mg and 10 mg were incubated with the A. niger cellulase solution (2 mg.mL-1), whereafter, the amount of sugar produced by the cellulase action was determined. The percentage saccharification of each sawdust material was also linked with the amount of sugar produced during cellulase action. From these investigations was concluded that delignification increased sugar production when almost all the masses of different sawdust materials were degraded. It was also observed that the ratio of sawdust mass to enzyme concentration is an important variable that influences the effectiveness of the saccharification process. The percentage saccharification of the various sawdust materials was also determined, and it indicated that the highest percentage of saccharification was not obtained when the highest amount of sawdust was degraded, producing the highest amount of sugar.

Bioderived nanostructure and their functional contribution in immobilization of cellulolytic enzymes for improving biosensing application

Cellulases fall under the biocatalyst and one of industrial enzymes which is highest in demand due to diverse and huge applications. It plays major role in cellulosic bioenergy production achieving biomass hydrolysis for sugar and energy production. Inspite of prime enzyme in demand and key application in cellulosic energy production, this group of enzymes are suffering with lower enzyme activity and poor functional stability which directly influence the poor bioconversion efficiency of cellulosic biomass and bioenergy production. This is one the crucial issue which blocks the suitable commercial implementation of bioenergy at global scale. Therefore, researches in this particular area accelerate and speed in up to improve the functional stability of this enzymes. Immobilization of cellulolytic enzymes on nanomaterials is emerging as one of the very promising approaches in this area and supposed to have sustainable future towards improving the functional stability of cellulase enzymes via nanostructure based immobilization. Due to unique physicochemical properties and mode of origin nanoform, these nanomaterials can be an effective tool to enhance the catalytic stability of the cellulase enzymes. Therefore, the present reviews explore the possibilities of immobilization of nanomaterials as one of the promising tool to improve cellulosic bioenergy production. Additionally, one of the prime focus of the review is also based on the types, methods and mode of immobilization using different nanomaterials and analyzed the existing advantages and disadvantages of the process. Moreover, the work has also been highlighted the existing limitation and the future suggestion to improve the process applicability.

Carbon footprint analysis of sugar production in Poland

Food production is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss, highlighting the need for a comprehensive approach to identify and reduce emissions. Efficient energy use is critical, alongside the adoption of low-carbon technologies that help agriculture and food processing adapt to climate change. Carbon footprint (CF) analysis is a key tool for assessing the environmental impact of food production and distribution, requiring a thorough evaluation of each product's life cycle from production to consumption. This study focused on the sugar production CF in three Polish plants, examining technological processes and creating unit process diagrams of the production cycle. This analysis led to the development of a database to calculate the CF based on production volume. The determined CF was 0.14–0.27 kg CO2eq/kg, and the average CFav: for plant 1–0.18; for plant 2–0.19; for plant 3–0.19 kg CO2eq/kg. Continuous monitoring is essential, allowing production practices to adapt to changing conditions and ensuring quick responses to sustainability needs. Reducing the sugar production CF involves several strategies, including adopting sustainable cultivation practices, optimizing production processes, using renewable energy sources, improving transportation efficiency, and minimizing waste. Together, these measures promote more environmentally responsible sugar production. By prioritizing sustainability and embracing innovative solutions, the food industry can significantly reduce its environmental impact, meeting the challenges of climate change and biodiversity loss.

Taguchi-assisted multi-response improved simultaneous nanocellulose and sugar production from microcrystalline cellulose derived from raw oil palm leaves

Enzymatic treatment on lignocellulosic biomass has become a trend in preparing nanocellulose (NC), but the process must be optimized to guarantee high production yield and crystallinity. This study offers insights into an innovative protocol using cultivated fungal cellulase and xylanase to improve NC production from raw oil palm leaves (OPL) using five-factor-four-level Taguchi orthogonal design for optimizing parameters, namely substrate and enzyme loading, surfactant concentration, incubation temperature and time. Statistical results revealed the best condition for producing NC (66.06 % crystallinity, 43.59 % yield) required 10 % (w/v) substrate, 1 % (v/v) enzyme, 1.4 % (w/v) Tween-80, with 72-h incubation at 30 °C. Likewise, the highest sugar yield (47.07 %) was obtained using 2.5 % (w/v) substrate, 2.0 % (v/v) enzyme, 2.0 % (w/v) Tween-80, with 72-h incubation at 60 °C. The auxiliary enzymes used in this study, i.e., xylanase, produced higher crystallinity NC, showing widths between 8 and 12 nm and lengths >1 μm and sugars at 47.07 % yield. Thus, our findings proved that optimizing the single-step enzymatic hydrolysis of raw OPL could satisfactorily produce relatively crystalline NC and sugar yield for further transformation into bio-nanocomposites and biofuels. This study presented a simple, innovative protocol for NC synthesis showing characteristics comparable to the traditionally-prepared NC, which is vital for material's commercialization.