Sugar-containing Foods Research Articles

Trends in Nutritional Status and Dietary Behavior in School-Aged Children with Congenital Heart Defects.

Background: Malnutrition and poor weight gain has been reported in infants with congenital heart defects (CHDs); however data in older children with CHDs are limited. In order to obtain representative data on the nutritional status, dietary behavior, and potential influencing factors in school-aged children with CHDs, we performed a nationwide online survey. Methods: Patients aged 6 to 17 years registered in the German National Register for CHDs were asked to participate in this study by completing the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) eating study questionnaire in order to assess their self-reported dietary habits. The use of the same questionnaire enabled a comparison with a representative subset of 4569 participants of the KiGGS study. Results: A total of 894 patients (mean age 12.5 ± 3.0 years; 47.2% female) were enrolled. Patients were allocated according to anatomic complexity into simple (23.8%), moderate (37.8%), and complex CHDs (38.4%). The consumption of sugar-containing food (p < 0.001) and fast food (p < 0.05) was significantly lower among the CHD patients than in the healthy children. Children with CHDs showed significantly lower body mass index (BMI) percentiles (p < 0.001) compared with their healthy peers, while children with complex and moderate CHDs had the lowest BMI. While in CHD patients, the BMI percentiles were not related to unhealthy food, there was a strong correlation with the CHD severity and number of previous interventions (p < 0.01). Conclusions: According to this nationwide survey, school-aged children with complex CHD are at risk of undernutrition, which is not due to dietary habits but to CHD severity and repeated surgery.

To Assess the Cariogenicity of the Lunch Box Content of Schoolgoing Children of Karad: A Cross-sectional Study.

The present study was conducted to identify the main foods and beverages consumed at primary school and also to explore the information regarding cariogenic food consumption patterns of children in the school. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 150 schoolgoing children of age 6-9 years of an English medium school in Karad. Respondents were asked about the type of daily food consumption at breakfast, lunch, and dinner using a 24-hour diet chart, and the lunch box of children was viewed at the time of lunch break to assess for carbohydrate-rich diet. Majority of the students (58.6%) were boys, from class IV (25.4%) and class III (25.4%), and were between 20 and 25 kg (48%) and 116 and 130 cm (42%). It was observed that the most frequently consumed food in the lunch box was chapati/paratha and vegetables (45%) followed by poha/upma (28%) and biscuits (22%). Almost half of the students (46%) were in the category of "watch-out zone," that is, >15 sugar exposure. Most of the food consumed in school was homemade and was less cariogenic. Beverages were less consumed by the students in the school time. Since dental caries is a chronic infectious disease affecting more than two-thirds of all children and the incidence of caries is directly related to "form" or "physical consistency" of the sugar-containing foods, the content of lunch box should be considered a priority for health promotion efforts among children. Gugawad S, Patil SV, Devendrappa SN. To Assess the Cariogenicity of the Lunch Box Content of Schoolgoing Children of Karad: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(2):121-124.

Marketing research of honey consumer preferences in the markets of Kostanay region

Bee honey is a valuable, multicomponent unique product produced by bees from the nectar of honey plants. In the human diet, honey is an alternative to sugar and sugar-containing foods as a healthier food product.&#x0D; Within the framework of this article, a marketing study and analysis of preferences among consumers of honey and other bee products among residents of Kostanay and the region were conducted.&#x0D; Today, about 50% of honey is produced in China, Argentina, the USA, Ukraine, Turkey, and Russia. Honey exporting countries are characterized by flexible economic and organizational interaction. The main role is played by the mechanisms of legal protection and the developed infrastructure of the industry, which ensures full-fledged work, sales of products, and the receipt of foreign exchange earnings to the country's budget.&#x0D; The materials of this article contain an analysis of the types of bee products consumed, quality criteria when choosing honey, other bee products, as well as factors determining the choice of consumers. Also, the priorities of the origin of honey (apiaries) have been determined among consumers.&#x0D; The study grouped the key characteristics of honey consumers in the areas of Kostanay region that affect their behavior, desires and preferences. By quantitative analysis of the results of the survey of the target audience, an average portrait of buyers of honey and other bee products has been compiled, which can be used by entrepreneurs at all stages of planning and promoting their products.&#x0D; A literary review of the state of knowledge of this issue was conducted, citing articles from domestic and foreign sources.&#x0D; The results obtained can be used by domestic producers in the development and optimization of a strategy for promoting bee products.&#x0D;

Determination of α-oxo-aldehydes and furfurals using HPLC-PDA-ELSD method in sugar-containing food products

Four food toxins, α-oxo-aldehydes (glyoxal and Methylglyoxal) and furfurals (furfural and 5-hydroxymethlfurfural) were simultaneously retained on a Phenomenex Luna phenyl hexyl column (150×4.6mm×5 µm,100 Å) using ammonium acetate / acetonitrile (28:72, v/v) as mobile phase at 1 mL/min. The detector setting was tuned at 280 nm to quantify furfurals, whereas α-oxo-aldehydes were quantified using Evaporating light scattering detector (ELSD). The extraction of selected analytes from aqueous and lipid-based media was optimized using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method. A sum of 24 different brands (n = 20 in each group) of glucose containing preparations were collected, extracted, and screened for the presence of selected analytes. The observed level of selected analytes was divided into non-detectable, moderately high and above limit samples. The machine learning model viz. decision tree and multilayer perceptron models was optimized and validated for correlation of selected dependent variables with independent variables. The occurrence of 5-HMF depended on state and age of sample, whereas sugar concentration was responsible for furfural presence. The samples with higher 5-HMF levels were categorized as being viscous/semisolid and were preserved with potassium sorbate. About 77.3 % of the 480 samples studied indicated a considerable amount of methylglyoxal, and the food colors were classed as responsible for development of it followed by mixed fruit flavor and vanilla taste flavor as food additives.

Production of fructooligosaccharide-containing bakery and sweet paste products using invertase.

This study investigated the production of bakery and sweet paste products containing the prebiotic fructooligosaccharide (FOS) using an in situ method with invertase. The FOS formation method was optimized for each product to ensure high quality and appropriate sweetness. The method effectively decreased the sugar content in the final product by 12.7-68.4% while maintaining quality. The FOS content was 3.8-4.8% in castella, 0.6-3.6% in sweet dough bread, and 7.5-8.5% in sweet chickpea paste. By contrast, the commercial method of adding FOS decreased product quality; castella product height decreased by 20.8%, and hardness increased by 79%. The specific volume of the sweet dough bread decreased by 17.4% and hardness increased by 59%. Therefore, we developed a commercially feasible method to efficiently utilize FOS in sugar-containing foods while maintaining their quality.

Neural mechanisms of expert persuasion on willingness to pay for sugar.

Introduction: Sugar consumption is associated with many negative health consequences. It is, therefore, important to understand what can effectively influence individuals to consume less sugar. We recently showed that a healthy eating call by a health expert can significantly decrease the willingness to pay (WTP) for sugar-containing food. Here, we investigate which aspects of neural responses to the same healthy eating call can predict the efficacy of expert persuasion. Methods: Forty-five healthy participants performed two blocks of a bidding task, in which they had to bid on sugar-containing, sugar-free and non-edible products, while their electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. In between the two blocks, they listened to a healthy eating call by a nutritionist emphasizing the risks of sugar consumption. Results: We found that after listening to the healthy eating call, participants significantly decreased their WTP for sugar-containing products. Moreover, a higher intersubject correlation of EEG (a measure of engagement) during listening to the healthy eating call resulted in a larger decrease in WTP for sugar-containing food. Whether or not a participant's valuation of a product was highly influenced by the healthy eating call could also be predicted by spatiotemporal patterns of EEG responses to the healthy eating call, using a machine learning classification model. Finally, the healthy eating call increased the amplitude of the P300 component of the visual event-related potential in response to sugar-containing food. Disussion: Overall, our results shed light on the neural basis of expert persuasion and demonstrate that EEG is a powerful tool to design and assess health-related advertisements before they are released to the public.

Development and validation of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire to assess free sugar intake among Sri Lankan preschool children.

The present study aims to develop a quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess free sugar intake as a whole and at the food group levels, retrospectively, over the past 3 months among 4 to 5-year-old preschool children in the Colombo district, Sri Lanka. Then, to assess its reliability and relative validity. In the development phase, three 24-hour dietary recalls (24 hDRs) of 518 preschool children were collected from caregivers. Based on that, a 67-item FFQ was developed, including commonly consumed free sugar-containing food items. The validation study was conducted among another 108 preschool children. The relative validity of the FFQ was assessed by comparing it with the 24 hDRs. The test-retest reliability was assessed by repeated application of the FFQ to the same population after 6 weeks. Wilcoxon sign rank test, cross-classification with weighted Kappa statistic, Spearman rank correlation and Bland-Altman plots were used for comparison. Comparing the free sugar intake calculated by the two methods showed no difference (P = 0⋅13), a good correlation (0⋅89), good agreement in cross-classifying participants (78⋅4 % correctly classified) and a good agreement in Bland-Altman plots. Repeated application of the FFQ yielded; no differences in free sugar intake values (P = 0⋅45) a good correlation (0⋅71), acceptable agreement in cross-classifying participants (52⋅3 % correctly classified) and acceptable agreement in the Bland-Altman plot. Results were the same for all food groups. According to the results, the newly developed quantitative FFQ provides a relatively valid and reliable measure for quantifying free sugar intake among preschool children as a whole or by food group.

Comparative evaluation of samples of chocolate butter with sucrose and various doses of stevia sweetener

Currently, there is a need to create food products with a reduced content of carbohydrate-fatty components for therapeutic, prophylactic and functional purposes. The development of new products should be based on a reasonable choice of ingredients that form their composition and properties. In the face of an increasing number of people with diabetes, to maintain normal blood sugar levels, complications of the disease can be prevented (reduced) by eliminating sugar and sugar-containing foods from the diet. One of the most promising and relevant areas for the creation of new recipes and technologies for the production of dairy products, incl. chocolate butter is the addition of components that regulate the carbohydrate composition of the finished product to the recipe. The purpose of this work is to study the possibility of using the sweetener stevia (stevioside) to obtain a low-calorie diabetic butter chocolate butter, as well as to develop a formulation and manufacturing technology for the product. The work was carried out at the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy. In carrying out the work, a set of generally accepted standard research methods was used. The objects of research are samples of butter made by churning from cream with mdzh. 35-38% according to GOST 32261 with the introduction of components in various ratios: cocoa powder 2.5% (for all samples); stevioside: sample No. 1 - 0.15%, sample No. 2 - 0.30%, sample No. 3 - 0.45%. Control sample: cocoa powder 2.5% and powdered sugar 15.0%. The samples complied with the requirements of GOST 32899. A comparative assessment of the organoleptic characteristics of experimental samples of butter chocolate was carried out, the optimal doses of functional ingredients for enrichment were established: cocoa powder - 2.5%, stevioside 0.3%. The tasters found that experimental samples of chocolate butter had a pleasant sweet taste and aroma, with a mild brown "chocolate" color.

“Expert persuasion” can decrease willingness to pay for sugar-containing food

Recent studies have revealed types of eating nudges that can steer consumers toward choosing healthier options. However, most of the previously studied interventions target individual decisions and are not directed to changing consumers’ underlying perception of unhealthy food. Here, we investigate how a healthy eating call—first-person narrative by a health expert—affects individuals’ willingness to pay (WTP) for sugar-free and sugar-containing food products. Participants performed two blocks of a bidding task, in which they had to bid on sweets labeled either as “sugar- free” or as “sugar-containing.” In-between the two blocks, half of the participants listened to a narrative by a dietary specialist emphasizing the health risks of sugar consumption, whereas the remaining participants listened to a control narrative irrelevant to food choices. We demonstrate that the health expert’s narrative decreased individuals’ WTP for sugar-containing food, but did not modulate their WTP for sugar- free food. Overall, our findings confirm that consumers may conform to healthy eating calls by rather devaluating unhealthy food products than by increasing the value of healthy ones. This paves the way for an avenue of innovative marketing strategies to support individuals in their food choices.

The Correlation between Sugar-Containing Food Consumption Type and Toothbrushing Frequency in Adults

The Correlation between Sugar-Containing Food Consumption Type and Toothbrushing Frequency in Adults

Household Factors Associated With Home Food Availability Among Latinx Families With Middle School-Aged Children

ObjectivesTo examine household factors associated with home food availability among Latinx families with middle school-aged children.MethodsDyads of Latinx parents and a middle school-aged child enrolled in a trial testing the efficacy of a nutrition-enhanced school-based parenting intervention in a Southwestern metropolitan area. During a baseline home visit, trained research assistants used a culturally-adapted version of the home food inventory to count the number of different types of fruits, vegetables, and sugar-containing food items available in the home. The latter were disaggregated into white bread, high-sugar cereals, prepared and frozen desserts, and sugar-sweetened beverages and candies. Household factors included as independent variables were food insecurity, frequency of family meals, frequency of conversations about healthy eating, and household size. Poisson regression models accounting for clustered data at the school-level were used to assess associations.ResultsOf 108 participating households, 72.2% were food secure, 52.8% had ≥7 weekly family meals, 49.1% had conversations about healthy eating habits almost every day, and the mean household size was 5.4 ± 1.89 people. Households had 7.4 ± 3.0 different types of fruits, 9.9 ± 3.6 different types of vegetables, and 9.1 ± 4.1 different types of sugar-containing foods available. Compared to households where healthy eating conversations happened almost every day, those with fewer conversations had a lower count of fruits (Adjusted Incidence Rate Ratio [AIRR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57–0.98). Compared to food secure households, low and very low food security was associated with a lower count of vegetables (AIRR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76–0.99; and 0.68, 0.56–0.83, respectively), and low food security was associated with a lower count of white bread. Compared to households with ≥7 weekly family meals, the count of all sugar subgroups, except white bread, was lower among households with lower frequency of family meals.ConclusionsResults suggest that household food security and having family conversations around healthy eating habits are two relevant factors that may help improve the availability of fruits and vegetables among Latinx households.Funding SourcesNational Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities.

1401-P: Long-Term Metabolic Effects of Noncaloric Sweeteners

Accumulating evidence link sugar-containing foods and beverages to adverse health outcomes. Non-Caloric Sweeteners (NCSs) are an alternative sugar source that lead to reduction in calories, and may mitigate body weight gain and hyperglycemia, especially in patients with diabetes. Yet, contradicting studies suggest that NCSs may mediate metabolic derangements. Here, we aim to assess long-term metabolic effects of chronic consumption of NCSs. To this aim, mice consuming either regular diet or high fat diet (HFD) were supplemented with NCSs in their drinking water at concentrations consumed by humans. Under HFD, mice consuming reb M or sucralose had significant lower body weight compared to fructose. In comparison to fructose consumption, a significantly lower blood glucose levels were observed in mice under chow diet drinking either sucralose or reb M. Under HFD, a significant decrease in blood glucose levels was found only in mice consuming ace-k. On HFD, all NCSs other than saccharin, resulted in significantly improved insulin sensitivity compared to fructose. A significant decrease in fasting glucose was found only in sucralose and reb M groups under these conditions. A trend towards higher levels of plasma insulin was observed in mice under HFD drinking either fructose or saccharin. None of the interventions caused a decrease in fluid consumption as compared to water, nor were significant differences in daily food intake, daily caloric intake or energy expenditure. RER displayed a normal nocturnal pattern in all groups and no significant change in voluntary physical activity was observed. As compared to fructose, NCS consumption decreased markers of NAFLD in obesity. In summary, our results suggest that chronic consumption of NCS do not result in any observed metabolic alternations, and may attenuate some of the metabolic derangements associated with fructose and high fat-based diet. Disclosure M.Rathaus: None. L.Azem: None. R.Livne: None. S.Ron: None. I.Ron: None. A.Tirosh: Advisory Panel; Abbott Diagnostics, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Merck &amp; Co., Inc., Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Consultant; Bayer AG, DreaMed Diabetes, Ltd., Research Support; Medtronic, Speaker's Bureau; Eli Lilly and Company.

Relationship between Salivary Alpha-Amylase Enzyme Activity, Anthropometric Indices, Dietary Habits, and Early Childhood Dental Caries.

Objectives Although early childhood dental caries (ECC) have the same general etiology as other types of caries, predisposing factors are not well elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) activity, body mass index (BMI), dietary habits, and oral hygiene on ECC. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 38 ECC-affected and 41 caries-free children, aged 36 to 72 months. Upon the parents' consent, 3 mL of non-stimulated saliva was collected from the participants to measure the level of sAA activity through spectrophotometry. Additionally, parents/caretakers completed a structured questionnaire about demographic factors, oral hygiene, and consumption of sugar-containing foods. BMI, BMI z-scores, and percentile data were calculated by using an online calculator. The independent variables were dichotomized and tested through chi-square test, followed by a stepwise logistic regression, by using SPSS software (α = 0.05). Results The sAA activity was significantly higher in caries-free children (P ≤ 0.001). However, the mean BMI was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.49). Brushing and other measured dietary habits were significantly associated with the development of ECC (P ≤ 0.001). According to the results of the logistic regression, sAA activity was shown to be a predictor for ECC development (Odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.9 (0.95–0.98)). Conclusion Children with inherently lower levels of sAA activity were more susceptible to dental caries. Improper nutritional habits and poor oral health care could exacerbate the risk of ECC.

Rheological properties for determining the interaction of soluble cress seed mucilage and β-lactoglobulin nanocomplexes under sucrose and lactose treatments

Protein-polysaccharide complexes are commonly applied in different food products. Their interaction and their functional properties that arise as a consequence of interactions are remarkably influenced by the presence of co-solutes in the system. In this study, general rheological properties and the aggregation behavior of cress seed mucilage (CSM)-β-lactoglobulin (Blg) complexes were studied in the presence of sucrose (5–20% w/v) and lactose (5–20% w/v). The highest values of apparent viscosity and stability (zeta potential) in CSM-Blg complexes were measured when the medium contained 5% w/v lactose (10.00 Pa.s at 0.1 s−1, −25 ± 0.8 mV) and 20% w/v sucrose (12.89 Pa.s at 0.1 s−1, −35 ± 0.2 mV). The results of oscillatory experiments indicated that the gel-like feature of the complexes improved, parallel to a decrease in frequency, which highlighted the shear-induced gelation phenomenon. The thermal analysis test demonstrated that the thermal stability of Blg (70.5◦C), with its complexation to CSM, improved through denaturation. Also, the association of CSM-Blg (82◦C) nanocomplexes with lactose (96◦C) can enhance the thermal stability more effectively. Considering the widespread use of protein-polysaccharide complexes in diverse sugar-containing food formulations, the results of this study can contribute to the creation of new compounds with special techno-functional features.

Intakes of nutrients and food categories in Canadian children and adolescents across levels of sugars intake: cross-sectional analyses of the Canadian Community Health Survey 2015 Public Use Microdata File.

Dietary recommendations to reduce sugars consumption may influence choices of sugars-containing foods and affect the intake of key micronutrients. We compared intakes of nutrients and food sources stratified by quintiles of total sugars in Canadian children (2-8 y) and adolescents (9-13 y, 14-18 y) using 24-hour dietary recalls from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition. Energy intakes did not differ across quintiles of sugars intake. Those with lower sugars intakes (Q1/Q3) generally had higher protein, fat, sodium, niacin, folate, and zinc and lower vitamin C compared with those with the highest sugars intakes (Q5). Q1 also had lower potassium but higher saturated fat compared with Q5. Further, Q1 generally had higher protein, fats, and niacin compared with Q3, while children in Q3 had higher potassium and riboflavin and older adolescents had higher calcium and fibre. Q5 had highest intakes of multiple sugar-containing food categories (e.g., fruit, confectionary, milks, cakes/pies/pastries), with higher sugars-sweetened beverages in adolescents. Q3 had higher fruit, milks, and fruit juice compared with Q1 and lower sugars/syrups/preserves, confectionary, and fruit juices compared with Q5. Certain nutrient-dense food sources of sugars (fruit, milks) may help increase key nutrients (potassium, calcium, fibre) in older adolescents with low sugars intakes. However, in those with the highest sugars intakes, nutrient-poor foods may displace nutrient-dense foods. Novelty: Canadian children and adolescents with lower sugars intake have better intakes of some nutrients. Energy intakes did not differ across sugars intake. Older adolescents with mean intakes of total sugars had better intakes of some key nutrients (potassium, calcium, fibre).

Dietary Determinants of Dental Caries Prevalence and Experience in Saudi Schoolchildren: Frequency versus Quantity.

Background Sugar-added diet has been associated with increased risk of developing dental caries. Objective To investigate the dietary determinants of caries prevalence and experience based on the frequency versus the quantity of consumption among Saudi schoolchildren. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that invited 12- to 15-year-old intermediate school students (N = 3000) in four cities in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Data collection comprised a pretested questionnaire and clinical examination. Caries was diagnosed based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and was recorded as a decayed, missing, filled tooth (DMFT). The questionnaire included questions regarding the consumption of different quantities and frequencies of multiple sugar-containing food items. Multiple logistic and linear regression models were used to assess the influence of sugar-containing food on the dental caries experience (DMFT) and prevalence of decayed teeth. SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze the data at 5% significance level. Results Of 3000 invited students, 2262 participated with a participation rate of 75.4%. Our study found that the frequency of soft drink consumption was significantly associated with increased caries prevalence (adjusted OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.07–1.65) and experience (adjusted B = 0.46, 95% CI 0.16–0.76). The frequency of consumption of fruit juice was statistically significantly associated with increased caries experience (adjusted B = 0.48, 95% CI 0.16–0.79). The interaction terms between the frequency and the quantity of consumption of energy drinks, soft drinks, and sweetened milk were statistically significantly related to caries experience and prevalence. Conclusion Although the frequency of consumption of sugar-containing drinks was more associated with caries experience and prevalence, the interaction between frequency and quantity was highly related to the prevalence and experience of dental caries.

The Correlation between Sugar-Containing Food Consumption Type and Dental Clinic Use in Adults

The Correlation between Sugar-Containing Food Consumption Type and Dental Clinic Use in Adults

Risk factors of Early Shedding of Deciduous Teeth in Children under Five Years

A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken in Shimul Memorial North-South School Laxmipur Branch, Rajshahi. Among the children aged under five years with premature or early tooth loss or shedding. In order to find out the relationship between early shedding of deciduous teeth and selected dental conditions like dental caries, dental trauma, etc., and socioeconomic background. In this study, out of 110 children, 61 (55.5%) were male, and 49 (44.5%) were female. It was observed that the highest number of children, 109 (99.1%), were Muslim and 1 (0.9%) was Hindu. Among all the parents of children, 6 (5.5%) were educated up to primary level, and 33(30%) were masters and above. Regarding monthly family income, 2 (1.8%) had Tk. 5000-8000 and 15 (13.6%) parents had Tk. 15000-18000. The majority (66.4%) of the children under study were found to clean teeth only once daily. Tooth cleaning by toothbrush &amp; paste and frequency was once daily73 (66.4%). Children liked more sugar-containing food 89 (80.9%) and used to take milk at bedtime (42.7%). The majority of the respondents had intake carbohydrate 91 (82.7%) containing food and the majority of the respondents, 61 (65.5%), had dental caries. A significant association was found between dental carries and shedding of deciduous teeth, but no association was found between sugar- containing food and shedding of teeth.&#x0D; TAJ 2021; 34: No-1: 97-105

Molecular and clinical findings of Turkish patients with hereditary fructose intolerance.

Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency in aldolase B that can result in hypoglycemia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, liver and kidney dysfunction, coma, and even death. This study aims to represent the clinical features and molecular genetic analysis data of the patients diagnosed with HFI in our study population. The medical records of the 26 patients with HFI were evaluated retrospectively. Age, gender, clinical findings, metabolic crises, and the results of molecular analyses were recorded. The patients with HFI had a good prognosis and the aversion to sugar-containing foods was the main complaint. Seven different variants were identified in the Aldolase B (ALDOB) gene in HFI patients. The most frequent mutations were p.Ala150Pro, p.Ala175Asp had a prevalence of 61 and 30%, respectively, in agreement with the literature and other known variants were found with minor frequencies c.360-363del4(3.8%), p.Asn335Lys(3.8%), and three novel mutations c.113-1_15del4 (3.8%), p.Ala338Val(7.6%), and p.Asp156His(3.8%) were identified at aheterozygous, homozygous, or compound heterozygous level. This study results revealed three novel mutations in patients with HFI. On the basis of age of presentation, clinical symptoms, and metabolic crisis, there was no clear-cut genotype-phenotype correlation. This article also demonstrates the importance of screening suspected infants in cases of acute liver failure for prompt diagnosis and treatment of HFI.

Associations of Intake of Free and Naturally Occurring Sugars from Solid Foods and Drinks with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in a Quebec Adult Population: The PREDISE (PRÉDicteurs Individuels, Sociaux et Environnementaux) Study.

Associations between sugar consumption and cardiometabolic health, taking into account the physical form of sugar-containing foods (liquid vs. solid) and the type of sugars consumed [free sugars (FSs) vs. naturally occurring sugars (NOSs)], remain to be thoroughly documented. The objective was to examine whether FS and NOS intakes from drinks and solid foods are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in a sample of French-speaking adults from the province of Quebec, Canada. Data were collected as part of the cross-sectional PREDISE (PRÉDicteurs Individuels, Sociaux et Environnementaux) study (n=1019, 18-65 y old; 50% women). FS and NOS intakes were assessed by three 24-h dietary recalls using a self-administered, web-based application. Diet quality was assessed using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010. Participants underwent on-site clinical assessment of cardiometabolic risk factors, including blood pressure, waist circumference, BMI, and fasting blood sampling (glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, blood lipids). Multivariable linear regression models were performed to examine the associations between sugar intake and cardiometabolic risk factors with sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle variables, and diet quality entered as covariates. In fully adjusted models, FS intake from drinks was associated with fasting insulin (1.06%; 95% CI: 0.30%, 1.84%; P=0.006) and with insulin resistance as estimated using the HOMA model (1.01%; 95% CI: 0.19%, 1.84%; P=0.02). All metabolic variables that were significantly associated with NOS intake from solid foods in minimally adjusted models were no longer significant after entering sociodemographic and lifestyle variables (e.g., educational and income levels, smoking, physical activity, daily energy intake) and diet quality in the models. Our data from an adult sample showed that unfavorable and favorable associations with cardiometabolic risk factors observed, respectively, for FS intake from drinks and NOS intake from foods are mostly explained by sociodemographic and lifestyle variables, as well as by diet quality.