Sugarcane Sludge Research Articles

Effect of rice husk biochar, sugarcane sludge fertilizers, and Enterobacter asburiae bacteria on soil nitrogen and phosphorus availability to improve hybrid maize yield

Effect of rice husk biochar, sugarcane sludge fertilizers, and Enterobacter asburiae bacteria on soil nitrogen and phosphorus availability to improve hybrid maize yield

Use of sulfate-reducing bacteria and different organic fertilizer for bioremediation of ex-nickel mining soils

The microbiological activity associated with exmining soil remediation can be considered useful to accelerate the contaminant degradation. The use of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and organic matter exhibits potential in improving ex-nickel mining soil quality. The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of SRB in several organic fertilizers to reduce sulfate and nickel ions, and to increase pH of soil from nickel in mining areas. This study used the bacteria collection of the Soil Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Muslim Indonesia. Those were previously isolated from two cultivating pond of milkfish in the Kuri area of Maros Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The soil samples were collected from ex-mining areas of the Vale Indonesia Enterprise in Soroako, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Those were mixed with organic fertilizers, generated from sugarcane sludge, manure, and Quickstick (Gliricidia sepium) leaves, each with 50 and 100 g doses. The 5 kg soil samples were put into a pot and mixed evenly with organic fertil- izers. A general linear model (GLM) repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was adopted to analyze the data. The results of this study indicate that the application of SRB and fertilizer was effective in reducing concentration of sulfate and nickel. Among the three types of organic fertilizers, manure was effective in reducing sulfate and nickel concentrations, while Quickstick fertilizer was the more effective in stabilizing pH level. Fertilizer doses exhibited a significant effect on decreasing sulfate and nickel concentrations, but it exhibited no significant effect on stabilizing pH levels. At 10 days after treatment (DAT), the sulfate concentration decreased from 2,530 ppm to 1,443 ppm in treatment of SRB and manure with dose of 50 g and 1,363 ppm with that of 100 g. At the end of the observation (30 DAT), those were decreased to 1,217 ppm in treatment of SRB and manure with doses of 50 g and 1,167 ppm with that of 100 g. Among the three types of organic fertilizers used, Quickstick demonstrates the more effective reduction rate. At 10 DAT, pH increased in SRB treatment by 7.06 at a concentration of 50 g and 7.01 at a concentration of 50 g. At the end of the observation (30 DAT), the pH became 6.67 at a concentration of 50 g and 6.82 at a concentration of 50 g. The nickel concentration decreased from an origin concentration to 1,950 ppm in treatment of SRB and manure with doses of 50 g and 1,690 ppm with that of 100 g. Thus, the application of manure fertilizer and the addition of SRB is recommended for bioremediation of sulfate and nickel from ex-mining soil.

Implementation of a GIS-based pilot application for roads management applied to the conservation and maintenance of unpaved low traffic roads

The lack of updating and unreliability of information has become one of the main problems that occur in the area of management of unpaved roads in developing countries as Colombia. Therefore, a GIS-based application was developed which allows keeping updated all the information at the structural and functional level of the road, and to control the premature pavement deterioration favouring the support for making decisions in management activities of the unpaved road network. In the municipality of Urrao (Antioquia), a research proposal on “La Encarnación” road was proposed. The Road Trial Section (RTS) is part of a bidirectional 3rd level road, which has 240 m-length and a 4 m-width. The RTS was divided into eight segments or cells (30 m-length), where each of them was stabilized with different conventional and unconventional materials (cement, hydrated lime, coal ash, brick dust, sulfonated oil, polymer and sugarcane sludge). Based on the results gathered in six pavement performance follow-up and evaluation campaigns, a geospatial database (GDB) was designed. This GDB is the core of the application “SGVVT Urrao v1.0” which is able to represent graphically the behaviour of the tests of functionality and the bearing capacity carried out (International Roughness Index, slip resistance, surface macro texture, lightweight deflectometer and visual inspection). The application is able to forecast the deterioration values allowing the prioritization of rehabilitation activities for the most affected sections in a given time period which is possible to extend the useful life of the roads, reduce the operation cost of the vehicles, and guarantee the road safety and the comfort of the unpaved road network users.

Evaluación de la fase coloidal de un suelo Chromic Dystedents a la aplicación de cachaza madura panelera

Las aplicaciones de enmiendas orgánicas son alternativas para el mejoramiento físico, químico y biológico de los suelos, un buen ejemplo es la cachaza madura o fresca, subproducto del proceso artesanal o semi industrial de producción de panela en la región de la Hoya del Rio Suárez, Chitaraque, Boyacá. En esta investigación se determinó el comportamiento de las bases intercambiables calcio (Ca+2), Magnesio (Mg+2) y potasio (K+) en la fracción coloidal del suelo. Se determinaron las concentraciones de las bases antes de la siembra y en la cosecha del cultivo de frijol variedad ICA Cerinza; se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con seis tratamientos T0: Testigo solo con enmienda calcárea (6,6 t ha-1 Dolomita). T1: comercial (0,44 t ha-1 de triple quince + 6,6 t ha-1 Dolomita); T2: Cachaza madura (5,7 t ha-1); T3: Abimgra (3,3 t ha-1); T4: 75% Cachaza madura + Abimgra (4,27 t ha-1 más 0,25 t ha-1). T5: 50% Cachaza+ 50% de Abimgra (2,85 t ha-1 más 1,65 t ha-1); T6:25% Cachaza madura + 75% Abimgra, Los resultados mostraron que T5 mostro diferencias significativas y que con la aplicación de 2,85 t ha-1 de Cachaza y 1,65 t ha-1de Abimgra se obtienen los mejores resultados en el incremento de las bases Ca+2 y Mg+2 llegando a valores de 7 cmol (+) kg-1 de suelo y 1,8 cmol (+) kg-1 de suelo respectivamente; concluyendo que la aplicación de cachaza madura en mezcla posee gran potencial de aporte de Calcio y magnesio.

Evaluación de medios de cultivo, para vivero de café Coffea arabica L. variedad caturra.

We evaluated five commercial mixtures against a control treatment consisting of a mixture of soil, sugar cane sludge and silt, which is commonly used in the production of coffee trees in nurseries. The cultivation of coffee trees in the mixture made of perlite, vermiculate and peat moss, was similar to that of plants grown in the control treatment. We detected significant differences in stem diameter and in the fresh weight of foliage. The nutritional analysis of the leaves showed significant differences in K, Mg and Mn contento The levels of the two last elements were significantly lower in the control treatment

Evaluación de la calidad del compost producido a partir de subproductos agroindustriales de caña de azúcar

Los subproductos frescos de la industria azucarera (cachaza, bagazo y vinaza) incorporados al suelo generan un impacto negativo sobre las plantas. Por tal motivo, el compost es una alternativa para el aprovechamiento de los subproductos, el cual debe ajustarse a las exigencias de la norma técnica colombiana 5167 para su uso como biofertilizante. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad del compost elaborado con diferentes combinaciones de subproductos del proceso de molienda de la caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.). Se establecieron pilas de compostaje en el Ingenio Riopaila-Castilla, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, utilizando un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cinco tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Los tratamientos fueron: 100% cachaza (T1), 75% cachaza y 25% bagazo (T2), 50% cachaza y 50% bagazo (T3), 25% cachaza y 75% bagazo (T4), y 100% bagazo (T5), todos suplementados con 2 m3 de vinaza. Las variables de respuesta -pH, conductividad eléctrica, humedad, cenizas, materia orgánica, retención de humedad, relación carbono–nitrógeno, carbono orgánico oxidable total, nitrógeno total, fósforo, calcio, magnesio, potasio, hierro, cobre, manganeso y zinc- se evaluaron al momento de montar las pilas, y a los 42, 51, 59, 73 y 90 días después de iniciado el proceso. Los resultados muestran que la relación carbononitrógeno inicial de las mezclas es fundamental para obtener una buena calidad del compost. El T3 presentó la mejor calidad con el mayor contenido de nutrientes. El tiempo de compostaje que asegura una adecuada maduración con máximo contenido de nutrientes en el compost fue 90 días.

Effects of four organic amendments on banana parasitic nematodes and soil nematode communities

Plant–parasitic nematodes are injurious crop pests that have been managed mainly by chemical nematicides. However, safe and alternative methods such as those based on organic materials need to be developed. Our study has evaluated (i) the effects of four organic amendments with different biochemical compositions that are abundantly produced in the study area (Guadeloupe, French West Indies) on soil nematode communities and (ii) some of the suppression mechanisms of banana parasitic nematodes, especially those involving the soil food web. This study is based on a microcosm experiment comparing sugarcane bagasse, sugarcane sludge, plant residues and sewage sludge. All amendments except sewage sludge decreased the root abundances of plant–parasitic nematodes, by 96% in the case of sugarcane bagasse. For this treatment, soil densities of carnivorous nematodes were six times higher than the treatments without organic amendment. Plant residues and bagasse were mainly composed of materials that are difficult to decompose, namely cellulose and lignins. These organic materials favored a fungal decomposition pathway and permitted development of carnivorous nematode populations and increased the Channel Index (CI). Pratylenchus coffeae control after sugarcane refinery sludge application remains unexplained. Lastly, sewage sludge, composed mainly of easily degradable compounds, did not permit nematode control, and only bacterivorous nematode populations were enhanced by this treatment.

Effects of organic amendments on plant-parasitic nematode populations, root damage, and banana plant growth

Nematodes are major pests for crops, including banana. Environmentally friendly methods for managing plant-parasitic nematodes have to be developed, such as organic material application. Our study focuses on the impacts of several organic amendments on banana plants, considering mainly their effect on soil nitrogen supply and soil microbial biomass, and the consequences on plant-parasitic nematode impacts on the plants. A microcosm experiment for 13 weeks was conducted to evaluate four organic materials: sugarcane bagasse, sugarcane sludge, plant residues, and sewage sludge, compared to a control without organic amendment. Input of organic materials led to an important change on nitrogen resource, and plants grew better when the N availability was the highest, but better growth conditions did not necessarily reduce parasitic nematodes impacts on the roots. Damage on the roots depended on plant-parasitic nematode abundance. Three of four tested amendments exhibited a regulator effect on plant-parasitic nematode populations (bagasse, sugarcane sludge, and plant residues). Root growth was not the explanatory factor for this regulation. Only sugarcane sludge led to an overall positive effect on the plant, increasing its growth and reducing its parasitism pressure. The other organic materials exhibited an antagonism between the promoted plant growth and the reduced nematode populations.

Mezclas sin suelo como medio para el desarrollo de cafetos en el vivero

Se determinó la respuesta del cafeto a cinco medios sin suelo para desarrollar plantas, y se comparó con la respuesta del cafeto a la mezcla de suelo, cachaza y aluvión comúnmente usada para la producción de cafetos en los viveros. El efecto en el desarrollo de los cafetos se determinó usando como criterios la altura de las plantas, el diámetro de los tallos, el número de hojas y el peso fresco y seco del follaje y de las raíces. El desarrollo de los cafetos en la mezcla de vermiculita, perlita y musgo de pantano fue similar al desarrollo de aquellos en la mezcla testigo y mayor que el de los cafetos en las otras cuatro mezclas. El diámetro de los tallos y el peso fresco del follaje de los cafetos en la mezcla testigo fue significativamente mayor que el de los cafetos desarrollados en la mezcla de vermiculita, perlita y musgo de pantano. Las plantas en la mezcla testigo tuvieron menor contenido de Mg y Mn, y mayor contenido de K que aquellas en la mezcla de vermiculita, perlita y musgo de pantano.