Sufficient Level Of Knowledge Research Articles

Level of Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior among Specialists of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in West Java Towards Cochlear Implants

Background: Hearing loss and deafness are still an issue in Indonesia, especially in West Java, with a prevalence of 2.5% and 0.06%, respectively. Cochlear implants are intended for patients with severe sensorineural hearing loss to stimulate the remaining auditory nerves. Based on their competency standards, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS) Specialists are expected to be able to inform patients and families about the cochlear implantation procedures. This study aimed to explore the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of ORL-HNS Specialists in West Java towards cochlear implants.Methods: This study was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire filled out by ORL-HNS Specialists who were actively working in West Java in 2021–2022.Results: Data from 157 specialists showed that 41.4% (n=65) had good knowledge about cochlear implants, and 43.9% (n=69) had adequate knowledge, however, 62.4% (n=98) showed a negative attitude. In addition, 99.3% (n=156) showed good behavior.Conclusions: ORL-HNS Specialists in West Java have a sufficient level of knowledge, negative attitude, and good behavior towards cochlear Implants. The negative attitude of the specialists need to be bettered, updating their knowledge about how cochlear implants work and their effectiveness for patients with hearing impairments might give them a new perspective and hopefully change their attitude towards cochlear implants.

SURVEI PENGGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI PADA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR PENYANDANG DISABILITAS NETRA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

Limited access to family planning services, especially in Indonesia, poses a threat to the occurrence of discontinuation of contraceptive use and unwanted pregnancies. This condition also occurs in the disabled group. Meanwhile, there are still common misconceptions about persons with disabilities who are considered unable to have sexual relations, cannot get pregnant, or form a family. Therefore, people with disabilities are considered not to need to use and obtain information about contraceptives. This condition causes low knowledge of persons with disabilities. The purpose of this study was how to use contraception devices for couples of childbearing age (EFA) with blind disabilities in Padang City during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This type of research is descriptive which was carried out in the city of Padang through the association of the Board of Directors of the Indonesian Blind Association (DPC Pertuni) Padang City. The samples used in this study were all couples of childbearing age (PUS) with blind disabilities totaling 40 people who were members of the DPC Pertuni, Padang City. The results of this study found that from 40 respondents, 32 people (80%) respondents had a sufficient level of knowledge, 8 people (20%) were categorized as lacking, while for the use of contraception most of the respondents chose to use injection contraception, as many as 16 respondents. (40%) and there are still many respondents who do not use contraception as many as 14 respondents (35%). From these results, it is necessary to provide counseling activities that are easily accessible to PUS with visual impairments through the nearest health institution by directly providing information about reproductive health, sexuality, and family planning to persons with disabilities during regular meetings between members of persons with disabilities.

Level of knowledge in the field of nutritional support among nurse anesthetists

Introduction. Every second patient in intensive care has a low nutritional status. Since one of the duties of a nurse is to fulfill doctor's orders, providing and maintaining nutritional support also falls on the shoulders of nursing staff. Therefore, the level of nutritional support knowledge among health workers should be sufficiently high. In our opinion, each health worker must understand the need, indications and contraindications for the medical procedures and manipulations, their complications and the ways to prevent them in order to effectively provide health care. The aim of this study is to determine the level of knowledge in the field of nutritional support among nurses who completed a certified nurse-anesthetist program in one of the Moscow medical vocational institutions.
 
 Materials and methods. Authors conducted an analytical cross-sectional study with an anonymous questionnaire. Nurses who took an advanced training were firstly asked to fill out a questionnaire reflecting a subjective assessment of their own knowledge of nutritional support, and then they were asked to answer test questions for an objective assessment of knowledge. Score of 80% and above was considered as a sufficient level of knowledge.
 
 Results. A total of 53 questionnaires were completed. The average knowledge score was 40%. Two participants achieved the target of 80% correct test responses. There was no significant difference between the level of knowledge of nutritional support and work experience. At the same time, 45% of the respondents considered their level of knowledge to be insufficient and 80% of the participants identified the importance and necessity of knowledge.
 
 Conclusion. Nursing staff has an insufficient knowledge of nutritional support regardless of age and work experience. However, authors revealed the interest, importance and desire of nurses to improve their knowledge in nutritional support of patients. In this regard, it is necessary to organize the regular training of healthcare personnel in order to reduce the gap in knowledge.

Description of the Knowledge Level of Students of SMPN 1 Batang Kapas About Adolescent Reproductive Health

Reproductive health is one of the national and global development targets based on the 2030 sustainable development goals. The prominent problems among adolescents are grouped into three risks or the KRR Triad. Correct knowledge and good understanding of reproductive health can direct a teenager towards responsible sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of knowledge about adolescent reproductive health among students at SMPN 1 Batang Kapas. The research design uses a purely descriptive study using a quantitative approach. The sample in this study were 26 students of SMPN 1 Batang Kapas who fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Questionnaires are used as research data collection tools. The data were then analyzed univariately using the SPSS application. The average age of the respondents was 13.23 years with the youngest being 12 years and the oldest being 15 years. Respondents consisted of 8 men (30.76%) and 18 women (69.24%). The level of knowledge about reproductive health is good at 73.08% or 19 people. While the remaining 7 people (26.92%), have a sufficient level of knowledge. The majority of respondents have a good level of knowledge about adolescent reproductive health. This is because respondents have received information about reproductive health before. Provision of information sources is significantly related to adolescent knowledge regarding fertility, sexual intercourse, marriage plans, and the lowest safe age for childbirth so that it will encourage the formation of positive sexual behavior. The level of knowledge about reproductive health in this study is in the good category. It is hoped that this level of knowledge can lead to good reproductive behavior and function.

HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG MENSTRUASI DENGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN REMAJA AWAL PUTRI DALAM MENGHADAPI MENARCHE DI SD SARASWATI TABANAN

Background: Lack of knowledge about menarche is one of the causes of anxiety disorders in young women because not all young women know about menarche or menstruation and how to deal with it. 
 Objective: to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge about menstruation and the anxiety level of young women in facing menarche at SD Saraswati Tabanan 
 Method: Using Correlational Analytic design with cross sectional approach. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects in this study were 58 grade V students at SD Saraswati Tabanan Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire sheet. The statistical test used in this study is the Spearman-Rank Test. 
 Results: Most of the respondents had a good level of knowledge with a mild level of anxiety as many as 19 respondents with a percentage of 76.0%, a sufficient level of knowledge with a moderate level of anxiety as many as 17 respondents with a percentage of 70.8%, a lack of knowledge with a moderate level of anxiety as many as 9 respondents with a percentage of 100%. Based on the results of the Spearman-Rank correlation test, it was found that the value of p = 0.000 where p <0.05 which means there is a relationship between the level of knowledge about menstruation and the level of anxiety in facing menarche at Saraswati Tabanan Elementary School
 Conclusion: the level of knowledge about menstruation is related to the anxiety level of early female adolescents in facing menarche, therefore parents and the environment of early female adolescents are expected to provide good information in order to reduce the anxiety level experienced by early female adolescents

Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat RW 02 Desa Menang Kabupaten Ponorogo Terhadap Penggunaan Antibiotik

The use of antibiotics is important to note because antibiotics are a class of hard drugs. Resistance is a problem that arises due to inappropriate use of antibiotics. Knowledge of the use of antibiotics is an important factor in overcoming the problem of resistance. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge of the community in RW 02, Menang village, Ponorogo regency, based on the use of antibiotics. The research is descriptive research with a sampling technique, namely quota sampling. The research instrument used a questionnaire with validity and reliability tests. The sample is a respondent based on inclusion criteria with 90 respondents. The results show that the level of knowledge of respondents with good, sufficient, and poor knowledge is 10%, 74%, and 16%, respectively. The knowledge assessment used questionnaire indicators regarding the general description of antibiotics was 55%, knowledge based on how to obtain antibiotics was 59%, knowledge based on the rules for using antibiotics was 59%, knowledge regarding the side effects of antibiotics was 72%, and knowledge regarding managing antibiotics was 60%. The conclusion is the level of knowledge of the majority of the community in RW 02, Menang village, Ponorogo regency, regarding the use of antibiotics is classified as a sufficient level of knowledge.

Parents Knowledge and Experiences of Child TB Patients about Medicine Administration in the Intensive Phase

BACKGROUND: Children with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) who are undergoing intensive phase of treatment often experience negative things, resulting in disobedience in taking medication. Exploration of the experiences of pediatric TB patients in the treatment process needs to be known as information for management from the aspect of drug adherence. The role of parents in overcoming these problems is very important, so it is necessary to know the extent of their knowledge about pulmonary TB disease. METHODS: A qualitative study to explore the experiences of pediatric TB patients was conducted by interviewing 15 patients aged 8–12 years. In addition, a questionnaire was filled out to assess the knowledge about TB of the patient’s parents. The results of the recorded interviews were written and analyzed using the thematic method, while the results of the questionnaire from parents were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS: The results of the questionnaire showed that as many as ten respondents (66.6%) had a sufficient level of knowledge with 9 (60%). Analysis of the data using the Spearman rank test obtained a significance value (p) of 0.11 where p < 0.05, which means there is no relationship between adherence to medication for pulmonary tuberculosis in children and the knowledge of parents in the intensive phase. CONCLUSION: Parental knowledge is sufficient or good does not guarantee that it can change the behavior of individuals or children in complying with the treatment in the intensive phase, although knowledge plays an important role in increasing adherence to taking medication in the intensive phase, there may be other factors that influence so that there is no relationship.

СТРАТЕГИЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ТЕОРЕТИКО-ИГРОВЫМИ МОДЕЛЯМИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ВЫСОКОЙ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОСТИ И СТЕПЕНИ РИСКА

An effective management decision assumes, along with the use of various methods and models, also the presence of creative thinking on the part of the manager, who has a sufficient level of knowledge and skills, the use of various models and methods, as well as modern information processing technology. The use of models in game theory makes it possible to describe various phenomena related to the economy, the relationship between man and nature, the struggle for existence, etc. Very often in the economy, disagreements in the interests of partners and the desire to obtain the greatest benefits lead to conflict situations. Management decision-making, in cases of conflict, involves the use of game theory methods. At the same time, the quality and quantity of available information about the management object and the external environment has a huge impact on decision-making.

Exploring Students’ Digital Citizenship: Its Importance, Benefits, and Drawbacks

This study aimed to determine the degree of students’ knowledge and practice of digital citizenship in relation to the nine digital dimensions, and the importance of their awareness, benefits, and drawbacks. A descriptive survey approach was used to gather the data from one hundred fifty-one undergraduate students. The results show that the participants have a sufficient level of knowledge about good digital citizenship. The result also exhibited that of nine digital dimensions, “digital health” (µ = 3.16) and “digital trading” are the ones with the highest mean (µ = 2.79). This indicates that very seldom do the participants follow and practice the dimensions. The participants revealed that they are unaware of the effects of their actions in terms of using digital technology. In addition, forty-one percent of the participants are using digital technology on the average level and thirty-eight percent on the high level. The students who are more exposed to using digital devices are interpreted that they are at risk for abuse.

Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Toilet Training pada Anak Usia Toddler di Asrama Praja Raksaka Kepaon Denpasar

Background: Children are the greatest family asset, where in their growth and development stages children need proper nutrition, stimulation, and parenting so that they are in their golden age or golden age (0-5 years). Based on the National Household Health Survey (SKRT), there are 75 million children under five who have difficulty controlling BAK and defecating (bedwetting) until preschool age. Toilet training is best done from an early age to instill good habits in children. This study aims to determine the level of maternal knowledge about toilet training for toddlers at the Kepaon Denpasar Praja Praja hostel.
 Methods: This study uses descriptive research methods. The research was carried out in the Denpasar Kepaon Raksaka Praja Dormitory, with a total sample of 44 mothers. The sampling technique used in this study was total sampling. The method of data collection is by distributing questionnaire sheets. The data were processed using the Excel Microsof computer program and SPSS.
 Results: The results of the research of 44 respondents, namely the level of knowledge of mothers about toilet training for toddlers, all of them had a sufficient level of knowledge as much as 32 (72.7%), as many as 6 respondents (13.6%) had a good level of knowledge, and as many as 6 respondents (13.6%) have a low level of knowledge.
 Conclusion: It can be concluded that the level of mother's knowledge about toilet training for toddlers in the Denpasar Kepaon Praja Raksaka hostel is in the sufficient category.

Coping Mechanisms Decrease Anxiety Levels of Pregnant Women During the Covid-19 Pandemic in South Kalimantan

Background: The Coronavirus outbreak (Covid-19) has taken the world by storm up to this day, and the effect is experienced around the world, including Indonesia. The current condition is especially risky for pregnant women due to various hormonal changes during pregnancy. Further, the pandemic situation creates anxiety that might result in negative effects on their pregnancies. This study aims to analyses the knowledge of Covid-19 and coping mechanisms for decrease the anxiety level of pregnant women during Covid-19.
 Method: This study utilizes an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. 324 women with normal pregnancies residing in Banjarbaru city and Banjar district are involved as a sample in this study. This sample is taken through consecutive sampling. 
 Result: The study has found that 48,1% of pregnant women have moderate anxiety level. Among those numbers 85,2% exhibit adaptive coping mechanisms. Further, the data has shown that 44,4% of them exhibit sufficient knowledge of Covid-19. Therefore, it is indicated that a sufficient level of knowledge can help improve pregnant women’s actions in protecting themselves from the possibility of being infected by Covid-19. A good level of knowledge creates an adaptive coping mechanism, and the result is a decrease in anxiety for pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic.
 Conclusion: Sufficient knowledge of Covid-19 results in adaptive coping mechanism exhibition and brings about the decline of anxiety level of pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is advisable for a medical practitioner in public health services to identify anxiety levels and provide appropriate information, so that pregnant women can have adaptive coping mechanisms during Covid-19.

THE EFFECT OF AUDIO-VISUAL BASIC LIFE SUPPORT CHOKING EDUCATION IN TODDLERS ON PARENTS' KNOWLEDGE IN HANDLING CHOKING IN PAUD/TK BANGSA PLUS

An emergency condition is a life-threatening condition, in choking conditions a narrowing of the respiratory tract can occur which can be life-threatening. For choking incidents to be minimized, of course, one of the supporting factors is knowledge and skills. Inadequate parental knowledge in handling choking results in inaccuracies in handling. This study used a pre-experimental design technique with a one-group pre-test-post-test design approach. Data collection used a questionnaire and data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the majority of respondents had a sufficient level of knowledge about handling choking toddlers before being given audio-visual education, namely 46 people (92%) and 4 (8%) respondents had good knowledge, and no some are less knowledgeable. After the intervention was carried out, the result was that all respondents had a good level of knowledge after being given education, namely 50 people (100%). The results of bivariate analysis using the Wilcoxon test obtained a p-value of 0.000. In conclusion, there is an effect of basic life support choking audio-visual education on toddlers' knowledge on parental knowledge in handling choking toddlers in Kindergarten Bangsa Plus of the nation plus. The researcher concluded that this study gave significant results and had an impact on the knowledge and skills of parents, both fathers, and mothers, who are equally responsible for keeping children safe

The Relationship Betwen Knowledge Level Of The Covid-19 Vaccine On Interest In Participation In Covid-19 Vaccination In YARSI University Medical Faculty Students Batch 2019 And Its Review By Islamic View

KEYWORDS Vaccine, COVID-19, Pandemic, Medicine, IslamABSTRACT Background: In 2020, the whole world is experiencing the Covid-19 pandemic. This virus originated in China, precisely in the city of Wuhan, China and was discovered at the end of December 2019. Indonesia was the first country in Southeast Asia to be in the first position of confirmed positive cases of Covid-19. Efforts to break the transmission line from the Covid-19 virus are not only by equalizing vaccination coverage, but also the need for knowledge.Method: This type of research is descriptive quantitative research with cross sectional. The sample in this study were students of the Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University Class of 2019 as many as 171 respondents. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire to determine the level of knowledge and also the level of interest in student vaccination participation related to the use of the Covid-19 vaccine. The data analysis used in this research is univariate data analysis and bivariate data analysis.Results: The characteristics of the respondents in this study consisted of women (71.9%) and men (28.1%) taken from the class of 2019. In this study, the percentage of respondents who had a good level of knowledge was 96.5%, then for respondents who had sufficient knowledge level is 3% and respondents who have less knowledge level are 0.5%. For the percentage of respondents in the interest of participation, the positive interest rate is 99.5% and the negative interest rate is 0.5%. The results of the bivariate analysis test between students' knowledge and interest levels showed that the results of the Correlations p-value test were 0.788 where p> 0.05Conclusion: Level of Knowledge About Covid-19 Vaccine and Interest in Participating in Covid Vaccination has a strong correlation.

Prevention of Covid 19 in Children in Kupang City : A Holistic Family Role Model

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease from an infected person carrying the virus to people who are prone contracting it. The role of the family in preventing the spread of the epidemic. Families are at the forefront to break the chain of the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: Survey method with a cross-sectional design to identify the relationship between the level of family knowledge and the effectiveness of the covid 19 vaccination. analyzed by looking at the correlation between vaccinations for parents which will have an impact on reducing the rate of transmission in children . Results: Accounting for about 780 children with a percentage of 100%. In the implementation of the prevention of covid 19 there was 355 families with a percentage of 64.50% carried out the implementation of the covid 19 prevention protocol. In the vaccine status of parents, there are still many who have not been vaccinated with 308 families around 56%. Some respondents have a sufficient level of knowledge as much as 51% with a total of 280 families. While the level of knowledge that is the least is at 22.46% with a total of 124 families. Conclusion: The relationship between these factors in the prevention of covid 19 in the city of Kupang is based on children. Based on these results, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect on the level of knowledge on the effectiveness of the covid 19 vaccination at the Kupang City Health Center in 2022, there are still many families who do not know the benefits of the covid 19 vaccination and the effectiveness of the covid 19 vaccine vaccination is still low.

Prevention of Covid 19 in Children in Kupang City : A Holistic Family Role Model

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease from an infected person carrying the virus to people who are prone contracting it. The role of the family in preventing the spread of the epidemic. Families are at the forefront to break the chain of the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: Survey method with a cross-sectional design to identify the relationship between the level of family knowledge and the effectiveness of the covid 19 vaccination. analyzed by looking at the correlation between vaccinations for parents which will have an impact on reducing the rate of transmission in children . Results: Accounting for about 780 children with a percentage of 100%. In the implementation of the prevention of covid 19 there was 355 families with a percentage of 64.50% carried out the implementation of the covid 19 prevention protocol. In the vaccine status of parents, there are still many who have not been vaccinated with 308 families around 56%. Some respondents have a sufficient level of knowledge as much as 51% with a total of 280 families. While the level of knowledge that is the least is at 22.46% with a total of 124 families. Conclusion: The relationship between these factors in the prevention of covid 19 in the city of Kupang is based on children. Based on these results, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect on the level of knowledge on the effectiveness of the covid 19 vaccination at the Kupang City Health Center in 2022, there are still many families who do not know the benefits of the covid 19 vaccination and the effectiveness of the covid 19 vaccine vaccination is still low.

Evaluation of Knowledge and Attitudes of Anesthesiology Specialists and Residents Toward Patients Infected with the Monkeypox Disease: A National Survey Study.

Background: Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease native to West and Central Africa that is now becoming a global public health concern. By August 19, 2022, approximately 40,220 cases of monkeypox in 94 countries were reported outside the endemic region. Anesthesiologists are at high risk of exposure to infection, given the potential for respiratory transmission of the virus. This study aims to raise awareness by evaluating the knowledge of anesthesiology specialists and residents regarding monkeypox and their attitudes toward the management of infected patients. Methods: This descriptive study collected data through an online questionnaire (SurveyMonkey, San Mateo, CA) between August 11, 2022, and September 4, 2022. Members of the Turkish Society of Anesthesiology and Reanimation were contacted via e-mail and other social media applications (WhatsApp, Twitter, and LinkedIn); those who agreed to participate in the study were asked to answer the survey questions. Results: A total of 282 anesthesiology specialists and residents participated in the study. The accuracy rates of answers to the knowledge-related questions suggested that a sufficient level of knowledge about this disease has not yet been reached. However, the rate of agreement with the literature recommendations regarding peri-operative safety measures that should be taken was high. Conclusions: The increasing number of cases worldwide necessitates all branches of medicine including anesthesiology to be vigilant and take adequate precautions. Regional and international systematic strategies should be developed to increase the knowledge of anesthetists to provide high-quality healthcare and reduce the risk of transmission.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY KNOWLEDGE ABOUT IRON CHELATION AND ADHERENCE TO GIVING IRON CHELATION IN CHILDREN WITH THALASSEMIA AT RSCM KIARA

Based on a preliminary study by conducting interviews with 10 families of thalassemia patients at RSCM Kiara. It was found that only 40 % were obedient in giving iron chelation to thalassemia patients. This study aimed to find the relationship between family knowledge about iron chelation and adherence to consuming iron chelation in children with thalassemia. The method used in this study was a descriptive non-experimental method with a cross-sectional approach. Data analysis techniques in this activity are presented as descriptive and bivariate analysis using Spearman's rho statistical test with = 0.05. It measures the level of adherence to taking medication using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) questionnaire. Based on the results of measuring respondents' knowledge level, 85.5% of respondents have a good level of knowledge 14.5% of respondents have a sufficient level of knowledge. Measuring the level of adherence to medication, 22.9% of respondents have high adherence to drug consumption, 42.2% of respondents have a moderate level of adherence to drug consumption, and 34.9% have a low adherence to drug consumption. There is significant relationship between the knowledge level about iron chelation and adherence to giving iron chelation (p-value 0.006 <0.05 and r-value of 0.30). But the relationship is low, so knowledge about iron chelation alone is not enough to make adherence to giving iron chelation in children with high adherence results.

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Penggunaan Analgetik Terhadap Tingkatan Status Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran

Complaints and discomfort due to pain often make a person perform self-medication, where a person chooses to carry out independent handling of the perceived complaint by treating and curing the complaint. Sufficient knowledge will influence the individual to be careful in choosing the appropriate type of drug starting from the drug content to the impact on the success of treatment therapy. The use of analgesics is still often done because of the public perception of the practicality of using drugs in overcoming minor ailments such as pain. The research was conducted to determine the relationship between the level of analgesic use and the status level of students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The cross sectional research approach used a total random sampling technique of 114 respondents. Data analysis using Chi-Square test. The results showed that as many as 79 respondents (69.29%) had a good level of knowledge, 18 respondents (15.80%) had a sufficient level of knowledge and 17 respondents (14.91%) had a low level of knowledge.This shows that the level of knowledge about the use of analgesics as treatment is at a good level and the relationship between the level of use of analgesics as treatment and the level of student status at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Malang (p <0.05). The level of knowledge about the use of analgesics as pain management in pre-clinical and professional students at the Faculty of Medicine UMM was in the good category.

Knowledge Difference Between Before and After Gonorrhea Counseling through Audiovisual Media on the Faculty of Medicine Students, Tarumanagara University Batch 2021

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by gram-negative cocci bacteria, namely Neisseria gonorrhea. It is the second common cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infections in the world. This infection can affect both men and women, especially in adolescents and young adults. However, the clinical symptoms caused by gonorrhea in men and women are different. In women, gonorrhea often occurs without symptoms. A good level of knowledge can help to reduce the risk of gonorrhea case, one way to help increase knowledge is to conduct counseling. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether counseling using audiovisual media can improve knowledge about gonorrhea in the students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Tarumanagara. This study is quasi experimental one group pre-test and post-test design with quantitative data measurement methods. Sampling was done by the simple random sampling technique in collecting samples. The study was conducted in December 2021 - May 2022 on 103 respondents. Data collection used questionnaires and analyzed using Wilcoxon test. The results revealed that 1 respondent (1%) had a good knowledge level, 37 respondents (35,9%) had a sufficient knowledge level, and 65 respondents (63,1%) had a low knowledge level before counseling. Meanwhile, after counseling as many as 95 respondents (92,2%) had a good knowledge level, 8 respondents (7,8%) had a sufficient knowledge level, and no one respondent (0%) had a low knowledge level. In this study, there is a significant difference between the knowledge of gonorrhea before and after counseling using audiovisual media (p <0,0001).

Pelatihan Pembuatan MP-ASI Berbahan Ubi Jalar Kuning dan Ikan Oci kepada Ibu Balita di Posyandu Kumudagu

The malnutrition among children under five in West Papua was still high, at about 26,2%. This condition was related to nutritional intake that was not optimal. This PkM aims to increase the knowledge of the posyandu cadre and mothers of children in processing local foodstuffs of yellow potato and oci fish into various MP-ASI. This PkM was carried out with two visits targeting cadres and mothers of toddlers. The methods used were counseling about PMBA, demonstration, and training on the manufacture of MP-ASI made from yellow sweet potato and oci fish, testing the level of preference for MP-ASI products, and evaluating knowledge using a questionnaire. The results of the PkM show an increase in the knowledge of kader and mothers of toddlers about PMBA, which is indicated by the level of knowledge of most participants before being given counseling in the less category as much as 62.5% and after being given counseling most of them have a sufficient level of knowledge (68.7%). The level of preference of participants for the biscuit products of yellow sweet potato flour and oci fish meal as a whole showed an average of 4.06, which was included in the liking scale.