Successful Knowledge Translation Research Articles

A Proposed Framework for Rigor and Transparency in Dysphagia Research: Prologue.

Scientific transparency and rigor are essential for the successful translation of knowledge in clinical research. However, the field of oropharyngeal dysphagia research lacks guidelines for methodological design and reporting, hindering accurate interpretation and replication. This article introduces the Framework for RigOr aNd Transparency In REseaRch on Swallowing (FRONTIERS), a new critical appraisal tool intended to support optimal study design and results reporting. The purpose of introducing FRONTIERS at this early phase is to invite pilot use of the tool and open commentary. FRONTIERS was developed by collaborating researchers and trainees from six international dysphagia research labs. Eight domains were identified, related to study design, swallowing assessment methods, and oropharyngeal dysphagia intervention reporting. Small groups generated questions capturing rigor and transparency for each domain, based on examples from the literature. An iterative consensus process informed the refinement and organization of primary and subquestions, culminating in the current initial version of FRONTIERS. FRONTIERS is a novel tool, intended for use by oropharyngeal dysphagia researchers and research consumers across disciplines. A web application enables provisional use of the tool, and an accompanying survey solicits feedback regarding the framework. FRONTIERS seeks to foster rigor and transparency in the design and reporting of oropharyngeal dysphagia research. We encourage provisional use and invite user feedback. A future expert consensus review is planned to incorporate feedback. By promoting scientific rigor and transparency, we hope that FRONTIERS will support evidence-based practice and contribute to improved health outcomes for individuals with oropharyngeal dysphagia.

Athletic Training Students’ Perceptions of Translating Knowledge From Classroom to Clinical Practice

Context As the health care landscape evolves, athletic training students (ATSs) must gain the skills necessary to effectively translate new evidence into practice to optimize patient outcomes. Knowledge translation is an iterative process that promotes the application of new knowledge by users, but little is known about how students perceive this translation process during athletic training education. Objective To explore ATSs’ perceptions of knowledge translation. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Web-based survey with open-ended questions. Patients or Other Participants A total of 255 professional ATSs accessed the survey; 168 students (118 women, 48 men, 2 missing; age = 22 ± 2.3 years) completed the entire survey (69.5% completion rate). Data Collection and Analysis A Web-based survey composed of 6 open-ended questions was distributed to ATSs via a recruitment e-mail forwarded by the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education-accredited athletic training program director on behalf of the research team. Due to the textual nature of the data, we used a multiphased, multianalyst data analysis approach guided by the consensual qualitative research tradition to analyze responses to the open-ended items. Self-reported topics that ATSs translated into clinical practice were categorized into the preestablished practice analysis domains identified by the Board of Certification. Results Topics within the examination, assessment, and diagnosis domain were most frequently reported by respondents. In addition to the topics translated, 3 themes emerged during data analysis. Students discussed their perceptions regarding the (1) application of knowledge gained in clinical practice, (2) challenges prohibiting successful knowledge translation, and (3) strategies to promote the knowledge translation process. Conclusions Findings from this study suggest a need to promote synergy between faculty and preceptors to ensure that didactically taught knowledge is aligned with what students are encountering during clinical experiences. Incorporating established knowledge translation strategies may help ATSs bridge the knowledge-to-practice gaps they perceive as current challenges inhibiting successful translation of new knowledge into the clinical environment.

Knowledge Translation in Glomerulonephritis: Successes in Translational Research From the Bench to Bedside.

Glomerulonephritis refers to a rare group of diseases characterized by glomerular inflammation, which collectively are a common cause of kidney failure. Until recently, there was a lack of high-quality clinical trials to inform the care of patients with glomerulonephritides. We identified examples of successful translational research spanning from basic science to clinical applications, and highlight gaps in implementation science. The focus of our review was derived from discussions between health care professionals, researchers, and patient partners. We also performed literature searches pertaining to the treatment of glomerulonephritis in PubMed and Google Scholar. Examples of successful knowledge translation were generated through review of new evidence in the past 5 years and by iterative discussions by the authors. We then conducted a narrative review of several themes related to knowledge translation in glomerulonephritis. This was complemented by an interview with a patient partner to provide an example of a patient's perspective living with glomerulonephritis. We summarized selected recent advances in glomerulonephritis and its knowledge translation in the following domains: (1) identification of auto-antibodies in membranous nephropathy and minimal change disease; (2) clinical trials of novel targeted therapies for IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis, which have led to approval of new treatments; (3) developments in research networks and clinical trials in glomerulonephritis; (4) recognition of the importance in developing standardized patient reported outcome measures in clinical trials; and (5) barriers in knowledge translation including access to medication. A systematic search of the literature and formal assessment of quality of evidence were beyond the scope of this review.

Impact of Quality Assurance and Feedback on Radiotherapy Prescribing Practices: A Randomized Controlled Trial

<h3>Purpose/Objective(s)</h3> Clinical Audit and feedback (CA&F) is a demonstrated successful knowledge translation (KT) method that positively impacts change in practice in numerous clinical scenarios. However, there has been low implementation of CA&F in oncology, and specifically in radiotherapy (RT) prescribing practices. We sought to identify the impact of a simple CA&F intervention on prescribing practices across six BC Cancer Centers by investigating four clinical scenarios: (1) women <50 years old with invasive breast cancer post partial mastectomy who receive surgical cavity RT boost vs not; (2) patients with 1-3 positive lymph nodes receiving regional RT vs not; (3) women >70 years old with T1N0 breast cancer omitting whole breast RT vs not; (4) all women who received local or locoregional radiotherapy who are prescribed 16 versus 25 fractions of RT. <h3>Materials/Methods</h3> Thirty-five radiation oncologists were randomized to receive CA&F intervention vs not and stratified by BC Cancer center. Patient data was obtained retrospectively for patients treated before and after intervention. The study measured one of two possible prescriptions per clinical scenario, with prescription 1 containing the most evidence in favor of its use. A logistic fixed effect regression model was used to measure odds ratio of prescription 1 before and after intervention. This model captured the difference in prescription use within and between control and intervention groups pre and post CA&F, while adjusting for the number of patients seen by each physician. Time as a potential confounding variable that could impact prescription rates from pre to post intervention was also adjusted for. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 5215 unique cases were identified. The change in odds of using prescription 1 after CA&F in cohorts 1, 2, 3 and 4 was 0.45 (p=0.12), 0.59 (p=0.34), 2.23 × 10⁻⁹ (p=0.98, unstable model), and 0.77 (p=0.11) respectively. <h3>Conclusion</h3> There was no significant change in odds of utilizing the more evidence-based prescription across any of the four clinical scenarios, suggesting our simple CA&F intervention was not effective in changing prescribing practices. Further, radiation oncologists may have been optimally informed of prescribing patterns prior to intervention. A more complex CA&F intervention may be necessary in future quality assurance efforts to achieve a greater impact on radiotherapy prescribing practices.

Scaling Up Citizen Workshops in Public Libraries to Disseminate and Discuss Primary Care Research Results: Quasi-Experimental Study.

BackgroundLittle is known about engaging patients and stakeholders in the process of scaling up effective knowledge translation interventions targeting the public.ObjectiveUsing an integrated knowledge translation approach, we aimed to scale up and evaluate an effective pilot program to disseminate research results in public libraries.MethodsWe conducted a scaling-up study targeting the public. On the basis of our successful pilot project, we codeveloped and implemented a large-scale program of free citizen workshops in public libraries, in a close research partnership with stakeholders and patient representatives. Citizen workshops, each facilitated by 1 participating physician and 1 science communicator, consisted of a 45-minute computer-assisted presentation and a 45-minute open exchange. The intervention outcome was knowledge gained. The scale-up outcomes were satisfaction, appropriateness, coverage, and costs. An evaluation questionnaire was used to collect data of interest. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed.ResultsThe workshop theme chosen by the patient and stakeholder representatives was the high prevalence of medication overuse among people aged ≥65 years. From April to May 2019, 26 workshops were conducted in 25 public libraries reaching 362 people. The mean age of participants was 64.8 (SD 12.5) years. In total, 18 participating physicians and 6 science communicators facilitated the workshops. Participants reported significant knowledge gain (mean difference 2.1, 95% CI 2.0-2.2; P<.001). The median score for overall public satisfaction was 9 out of 10 (IQR 8-10). The public participants globally rated the workshops as having a high level of appropriateness. Coverage was 92% (25/27) of the total number of public libraries targeted. Costs were CAD $6051.84 (US $4519.69) for workshop design and CAD $22,935.41 (US $17,128.85) for scaling them up.ConclusionsThis project successfully established a large-scale and successful implementation science or knowledge translation bridge among researchers, clinicians, and citizens via public libraries. This study provides a model for a dissemination practice that benefits the public by both engaging them in the dissemination process and targeting them directly.

Enhancing Income of Farmers Through Agribusiness Entrepreneurship

Developing countries like India rely heavily on agriculture to meet their demand for food, fodder, and fuel. In India, the agriculture sector supports 60% of the population for its livelihood and hence, plays an important role in its economic growth. It still remains the major contributor to India’s GDP besides employing 52% of its workforce. However, Indian agriculture is still characterized by traditional practices, the large number of small and marginal farmers with scattered fields, limited innovations, and lack of robust market modules. There is utmost need for the adaptation of new strategies and entrepreneurship in the agribusiness sector for the overall growth and economic development of the farming society in the country. A move from agriculture to agribusiness is critical for revitalizing Indian agriculture and making it more appealing and profitable. In the national economy, agripreneurship helps to generate jobs, income, reduce poverty, enhance nutrition, health, and overall food security as well as entrepreneurial opportunities in rural areas. Many of the remote areas are deprived of good infrastructure and technology which adversely affect the livelihood of farmers. A successful agripreneur should be able to manage scarce resources, establish market linkages, and have risk bearing ability. The present article focused on the need and role of entrepreneurship in the agribusiness sector, business models, and the role of policymaking in the successful translation of scientific knowledge for agribusiness development to enhance farmers’ income with appropriate environment.

Applying knowledge translation frameworks, approaches and principles to co-create a dissemination plan: Optimizing the spread of a pediatric concussion guideline

Background Clinical practice guidelines are evidence-based statements that assist healthcare professionals with improving patient care. Achieving guideline aims depends on successful knowledge translation (KT) and includes dissemination and implementation efforts. Dissemination efforts are important precursors to implementation, help to maximize awareness and reach of best practices, and prepare for evidence adoption. This article shares the application of KT frameworks, approaches and principles in the creation of a dissemination plan and KT products for the Living Guideline for Pediatric Concussion Care. The target audience for dissemination are healthcare professionals delivering clinical care to patients between 5–18 years. Methods Guided by the Framework for Knowledge Transfer and an integrated KT (iKT) approach, 46 concussion experts participated in an iKT workshop and knowledge board activity to: 1) establish a Living Guideline dissemination plan; 2) identify products to share the Living Guideline; and, 3) prepare for Living Guideline implementation planning. Post-workshop, a snowball approach invited knowledge users including educators and youth/young adults with lived experience in concussion via interviews and focus groups, to expand upon the dissemination plan and recommended products. Results The dissemination plan yielded a reach of nearly 42,000 Living Guideline page views from September, 2019-January, 2022. Dissemination efforts included 13 multi-media interviews, over 40 activities (e.g. webinars), and 28 engagement emails to help raise awareness. Eight KT products were developed to foster sharing and use of the Living Guideline, with over 3000 downloads across all KT products. Conclusions Applying an iKT approach alongside appropriate frameworks and principles allowed for interaction and partnership building, resulting in the development of a robust dissemination plan and essential KT products. By showing the breadth and impact of the KT activities undertaken, it is hoped that the concussion community will explore how KT practices can bolster efforts to drive evidence into practice and optimize concussion care.

Accelerating the Implementation of Evidence-Based Practice in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Over the past 3 decades, a substantial number of studies were published with the purpose of improving the effectiveness and efficiency of rehabilitation clinical practice. Clinicians and researchers face considerable challenges in successfully implementing these research findings into routine clinical practice. Knowledge translation includes the synthesis, dissemination, exchange, and ethically sound application of knowledge to improve health, provide more effective health services and products, and strengthen the health care system. An aim of knowledge translation research is to identify strategies to accelerate implementation of evidence into practice. A recent citation analysis on a commonly used knowledge translation framework, the Knowledge-to-Action Framework, identified implementation activities performed in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Although this citation analysis describes activities performed and outcomes assessed while conducting knowledge translation projects, successful knowledge translation also requires a robust social and physical infrastructure. In this commentary, we offer several observations that appear related to the increased likelihood of implementation success. Funders, higher education institutions, health care payers, and health care organizations contribute to successful implementation and must embrace their roles in implementation. Administrators, clinicians, and consumers of physical medicine and rehabilitation also have essential roles in knowledge translation.

Stakeholder Perspectives of Attributes and Features of Context Relevant to Knowledge Translation in Health Settings: A Multi-Country Analysis.

Context is recognized as important to successful knowledge translation (KT) in health settings. What is meant by context, however, is poorly understood. The purpose of the current study was to elicit tacit knowledge about what is perceived to constitute context by conducting interviews with a variety of health system stakeholders internationally so as to compile a comprehensive list of contextual attributes and their features relevant to KT in healthcare. A descriptive qualitative study design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with health system stakeholders (change agents/KT specialists and KT researchers) in four countries: Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Interview transcripts were analyzed using inductive thematic content analysis in four steps: (1) selection of utterances describing context, (2) coding of features of context, (3) categorizing of features into attributes of context, (4) comparison of attributes and features by: country, KT experience, and role. A total of 39 interviews were conducted. We identified 66 unique features of context, categorized into 16 attributes. One attribute, Facility Characteristics, was not represented in previously published KT frameworks. We found instances of all 16 attributes in the interviews irrespective of country, level of experience with KT, and primary role (change agent/KT specialist vs. KT researcher), revealing robustness and transferability of the attributes identified. We also identified 30 new context features (across 13 of the 16 attributes). The findings from this study represent an important advancement in the KT field; we provide much needed conceptual clarity in context, which is essential to the development of common assessment tools to measure context to determine which context attributes and features are more or less important in different contexts for improving KT success.

Translating research into practice: Adoption of endocrine diagnostic testing in cases of equine laminitis

Research demonstrating insulin’s causal role in endocrinopathic laminitis has greatly advanced understanding of equine laminitis. However, the degree to which this knowledge has been translated into clinical practice has not been assessed. This two-part study aimed to investigate veterinary surgeons’ current diagnostic approach to laminitis, whether this had changed over time, and the impact of diagnosing an endocrinopathy on laminitis case management and outcome. Two cross-sectional online surveys of equine veterinary surgeons working within the UK were undertaken.The first study population comprised 141 veterinary surgeons, who had graduated a median of 8 years previously. Overall, 83.6% of respondents (n = 117/140) had changed their diagnostic approach to laminitis since graduating, primarily through increasing use of endocrine testing (88.7%; n = 86/97). Ninety-nine percent (n = 140/141) performed endocrine diagnostic test(s) for some or all laminitis cases at initial and/or subsequent examinations. The second study had 120 participating veterinary surgeons, ≥76% of whom considered diagnosing underlying endocrine diseases greatly influenced their laminitis case management. Where an endocrinopathy was identified, 75.0% (n = 90/120) considered that client communication regarding laminitis was facilitated, and ≥67% considered that treating the endocrinopathy was effective in reducing laminitis recurrence. This study demonstrates successful translation of research knowledge into equine practice, with the vast majority of veterinary surgeons adopting endocrine diagnostic testing within their routine approach to laminitis cases. Respondents perceived that this change in diagnostic approach has resulted in improvements in several non-clinical and clinical healthcare outcomes, including client communication and reduction in recurrent laminitis episodes.

Creating an action plan to advance knowledge translation in a domestic violence research network: a deliberative dialogue

Background: There is limited research on how knowledge translation of a domestic violence (DV) research network is shared. This lack of research is problematic because of the complexity of establishing a research network, encompassing diverse disciplines, methods, and focus of study potentially impacting how knowledge translation functions. Aims and objectives: To address the limited research, we completed a deliberative dialogue with the following questions: Is there a consensus regarding a coherent knowledge translation framework for a domestic violence research network? What are the key actions that a domestic violence research network could take to enhance knowledge translation? Methods: Deliberative dialogue is a group process that blends research and practice to identify potential actions. In total, 16 participants attended three deliberative dialogue meetings. We applied a qualitative analysis to the data to identify the key actions. Findings: The deliberative dialogue facilitated mutual agreement regarding four key actions: (1) agreement on a knowledge translation approach; (2) active promotion of dedicated leadership within an authorising environment; (3) development of sustainable partnerships through capacity building and collaboration, particularly with DV survivors; and (4) employment of multiple strategies applying different kinds of evidence for diverse purposes and emerging populations. Discussion and conclusions: The use of the deliberative dialogue has uncovered specific factors required for the successful knowledge translation of domestic violence research. These factors have been added to the Integrated Knowledge Translation (IKT) capacity framework to enhance its application for domestic violence research. Future research could explore these organisational, professional and individual factors further by evaluating them in practice.

Development and Evaluation of Clinical Practice Guideline for Delirium in Long-Term Care.

Delirium is highly prevalent and leads to several bad outcomes for older long-term care (LTC) residents. For a more successful translation of delirium knowledge, Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) tailored to LTC should be developed and applied based on the understanding of the barriers to implementation. This study was conducted to develop a CPG for delirium in LTC and to determine the barriers perceived by healthcare professionals related to the implementation of the CPG. We followed a structured, evidence- and theory-based procedure during the development process. After a systematic search, quality appraisal, and selection for eligible up-to-date CPGs for delirium, the recommendations applicable to the LTC were drafted, evaluated, and confirmed by an external group of experts. To evaluate the barriers to guideline uptake from the users’ perspectives, semi-structured interviews were conducted which resulted in four major themes: (1) a lack of resources, (2) a tendency to follow mindlines rather than guidelines, (3) passive attitudes, and (4) misunderstanding delirium care in LTC. To minimize adverse prognoses through prompt delirium care, the implementation of a CPG with an approach that comprehensively considers various barriers at the system, practice, healthcare professional, and patients/family levels is necessary.

Otago exercise programme\u2014from evidence to practice: a qualitative study of physiotherapists\u2019 perceptions of the importance of organisational factors of leadership, context and culture for knowledge translation in Norway

BackgroundFalls and fall-related injuries are a major public health problem and an international priority for health services. Despite research showing that evidence-based fall prevention is effective, its translation into practice has been delayed and limited. Although organisational factors such as leadership, culture and context are key factors for implementing evidence-based practice, there is still limited information on whether these factors represent barriers in the Norwegian and international healthcare context. Thus, this study aimed to explore the views of physiotherapists in clinical practice and their leaders’ views on the importance of organisational factors, such as leadership, culture and contextual and human resources, regarding successful knowledge translation of the Otago evidence-based fall programme in a Norwegian community.MethodsFour in-depth interviews with physiotherapists and a focus group interview with nine physiotherapists and leaders representing local hospitals and municipalities were conducted to collect data. The data were analysed using a thematic analysis.ResultsThe analysis yielded an overarching theme: an empowering leader as an anchor is needed for successful knowledge translation of physiotherapists’ and leaders’ views about the role of organisational structure, leadership, culture, financial resources and competence in research-based knowledge, as well as how to enhance the clinical staff’s expertise. Four main themes further elaborated on the overarching theme: (1) multifactor leadership—the importance of reinforcement, knowledge, goals and attention; (2) potential for change in professional roles as shaped by culture, context and type of practice; (3) knowledge translation—the tension between real-life capabilities, optimism and learning; and (4) different types of support—environmental resources and social influences.ConclusionsThis study highlighted the importance of organisational factors in knowledge translation in fall prevention. The findings emphasise the importance of leaders’ role and style in providing a supportive culture and contextual factors during the knowledge translation process. This study provides an understanding of the knowledge translation and sustainability of evidence-based practice and the Otago exercise programme for fall prevention programmes for community-dwelling older adults in Norway.

Information access and sharing among prosthetics and orthotics faculty in Ghana and the United States.

Information access is essential for quality healthcare provision and education. Despite technological advances, access to prosthetics and orthotics information in low- and middle-income countries is not ubiquitous. The current state of information access, availability, and exchange among prosthetics and orthotics faculty is unknown. Describe information exchange networks and access at two prosthetics and orthotics programs in Ghana and the United States. Cross-sectional survey, social network analysis. An online survey of faculty at two prosthetics and orthotics programs using REDCap. The survey included a social network analysis, demographics, and prosthetics and orthotics information resources and frequency of use. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Twenty-one faculty members completed the survey (84% response). Ghanaian faculty were on average younger (median Ghana: 27 years, United States: 43 years), had less teaching experience, and had less education than US faculty. Textbooks were the most commonly used resource at both programs. The Ghanaian network had more internal connections with few outside sources. The US network had fewer internal connections, relied heavily upon four key players, and had numerous outside contacts. Ghana and US faculty have two distinct information exchange networks. These networks identify key players and barriers to dissemination among faculty to promote successful knowledge translation of current scientific literature and technology development. Social network analysis may be a useful method to explore information sharing among prosthetics and orthotics faculty, and identify areas for further study.

Association Mapping and Development of Marker-Assisted Selection Tools for the Resistance to White Pine Blister Rust in the Alberta Limber Pine Populations.

Since its introduction to North America in the early 1900s, white pine blister rust (WPBR) caused by the fungal pathogen Cronartium ribicola has resulted in substantial economic losses and ecological damage to native North American five-needle pine species. The high susceptibility and mortality of these species, including limber pine (Pinus flexilis), creates an urgent need for the development and deployment of resistant germplasm to support recovery of impacted populations. Extensive screening for genetic resistance to WPBR has been underway for decades in some species but has only started recently in limber pine using seed families collected from wild parental trees in the USA and Canada. This study was conducted to characterize Alberta limber pine seed families for WPBR resistance and to develop reliable molecular tools for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Open-pollinated seed families were evaluated for host reaction following controlled infection using C. ribicola basidiospores. Phenotypic segregation for presence/absence of stem symptoms was observed in four seed families. The segregation ratios of these families were consistent with expression of major gene resistance (MGR) controlled by a dominant R locus. Based on linkage disequilibrium (LD)-based association mapping used to detect single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with MGR against C. ribicola, MGR in these seed families appears to be controlled by Cr4 or other R genes in very close proximity to Cr4. These associated SNPs were located in genes involved in multiple molecular mechanisms potentially underlying limber pine MGR to C. ribicola, including NBS-LRR genes for recognition of C. ribicola effectors, signaling components, and a large set of defense-responsive genes with potential functions in plant effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Interactions of associated loci were identified for MGR selection in trees with complex genetic backgrounds. SNPs with tight Cr4-linkage were further converted to TaqMan assays to confirm their effectiveness as MAS tools. This work demonstrates the successful translation and deployment of molecular genetic knowledge into specific MAS tools that can be easily applied in a selection or breeding program to efficiently screen MGR against WPBR in Alberta limber pine populations.

Early Assessment of Integrated Knowledge Translation Efforts to Mobilize Sex Workers in Their Communities

Researchers have recently increased their efforts to find more effective strategies to reduce the gap between the production of academic knowledge and its uptake in policy and practice. We focus attention on sex workers in Canada who have limited access to societal resources and are hampered by punitive laws prohibiting their work. The initial aim of our study was to work with sex worker organizations and allied agencies to develop a training program for sex workers to help them understand Canada’s most recent criminal justice approach to adult sex commerce. What has emerged from our integrated knowledge translation process during the first year of the study’s operation has been a change to a broader focus on mobilizing sex workers around their occupational and social rights. In this paper, we first give an overview of recent changes in Canada’s prostitution laws and then report qualitative findings from interviews with members of our partner organizations. Interviewees appreciated the change in research direction and the emergent collaborative process among themselves and the authors, but also noted challenges regarding shifting research timelines, balancing power between themselves and the academic researchers, and reaching consensus on research plans among community partners themselves. We discuss the findings in relation to successful knowledge translation strategies that aim to ensure the research questions we ask, and the empirical processes we engage in, are advantageous to those we aim to benefit.

Teacher engagement in professional learning: what makes the difference to teacher practice?

ABSTRACT Certain characteristics of teacher professional learning opportunities are known to promote engagement by teachers; however, the successful translation of new knowledge into inclusive teaching practice remains challenging. A greater understanding of teacher motivation for engagement with professional learning opportunities may assist in understanding why particular opportunities result in changes in teacher practices. Within the co-design process of an online professional learning platform, nine teachers described professional learning opportunities which had led to changes in individual or school-wide teaching practices. Thematic analysis of the transcripts revealed a complex interaction between themes which were conceptualised as external or internal to the individual teachers. However, engagement in professional learning opportunities that led to practice change was strongly mediated by teacher perceptions of the credibility and authenticity of both the content and the person delivering the content. The meta-theme of credibility and authenticity is considered in terms of teacher motivation and engagement.

An Integrated mHealth App for Dengue Reporting and Mapping, Health Communication, and Behavior Modification: Development and Assessment of Mozzify.

BackgroundFor the last 10 years, mobile phones have provided the global health community with innovative and cost-effective strategies to address the challenges in the prevention and management of dengue fever.ObjectiveThe aim is to introduce and describe the design and development process of Mozzify, an integrated mobile health (mHealth) app that features real-time dengue fever case reporting and mapping system, health communication (real-time worldwide news and chat forum/timeline, within-app educational videos, links to local and international health agency websites, interactive signs and symptoms checker, and a hospital directions system), and behavior modification (reminders alert program on the preventive practices against dengue fever). We also aim to assess Mozzify in terms of engagement and information-sharing abilities, functionality, aesthetics, subjective quality, and perceived impact.MethodsThe main goals of the Mozzify app were to increase awareness, improve knowledge, and change attitudes about dengue fever, health care-seeking behavior, and intention-to-change behavior on preventive practices for dengue fever among users. It was assessed using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) among 50 purposively sampled individuals: public health experts (n=5), environment and health-related researchers (n=23), and nonclinical (end users) participants (n=22).ResultsHigh acceptability and excellent satisfaction ratings (mean scores ≥4.0 out of 5) based on the MARS subscales indicate that the app has excellent user design, functionality, usability, engagement, and information among public health experts, environment and health-related researchers, and end users. The app’s subjective quality (recommending the app to other people and the app’s overall star rating), and specific quality (increase awareness, improve knowledge, and change attitudes about dengue fever; health care-seeking behavior; and intention-to-change behavior on preventive practices for dengue fever) also obtained excellent satisfaction ratings from the participants. Some issues and suggestions were raised during the focus group and individual discussions regarding the availability of the app for Android devices, language options limitations, provision of predictive surveillance, and inclusion of other mosquito-borne diseases.ConclusionsMozzify may be a promising integrated strategic health intervention system for dengue fever case reporting and mapping; increase awareness, improve knowledge, and change attitude about dengue fever; and disseminating and sharing information on dengue fever among the general population and health experts. It also can be an effective aid in the successful translation of knowledge on preventive measures against dengue fever to practice.

Assessing parenting in potentially abusive parents: A qualitative evaluation of practitioner responses to the Parenting Role Interview

The Parenting Role Interview (PRI) is a research tool which has been introduced into a res-idential assessment home for parents referred for difficulties in interacting with their chil-dren, potential neglect/abuse issues and previous trauma. Staff were trained in the PRI to be used as part of their standard assessment procedure of parenting competence. This study describes a qualitative evaluation, through interviews and focus groups, of practitioner re-sponses to the PRI in a voluntary agency service setting. Transcripts from the interviews and focus groups were analysed qualitatively using thematic analysis. Two main themes were drawn out from the data. The first theme revolved around the mainly positive impact of the PRI within the assessment service including the impact on staff, service users, the service as a whole and court reporting. The second theme focused on the applicability of the PRI to the service users focusing on the difficulty of fitting the measure around service us-ers' experience of parenting and complex needs. Findings showed a number of key benefits from using the PRI within the overall assessment process particularly with regard to the objective nature of the measure and its ability to bring concrete examples. Limitations of the approach included time constraints and adaptations needed for the measure within this ser-vice user group. Overall the approach showed successful translation of research knowledge and methods in an assessment service.

Mobilizing Low Carbon Transition: Transnational Practice of Energy Efficiency in the Urban Building Sector

In many countries worldwide, low carbon sustainable transition has been planned and implemented through decoupling the economic growth from GHG emissions. Some nations are leading the scene by developing corresponding low carbon development strategies and policy measures to encourage socio-technical innovations. One of the key areas for low carbon urban development is the energy efficiency in buildings. The tendency of the rapidly growing population and urbanization asks for better narratives and practices improving the built environment. Cities and countries are keen on learning from best practice. Through international joint development projects, the “knowledge resources” - transnational, governmental, NGOs, practitioners, and academic actors - are disseminating the low carbon urban development ideas globally. What drives a successful translation of knowledge emerged from one social, economic, cultural, political, climatic and geographical context into a new one needs better clarification. This study explores the process of global circulation of sustainable innovation from a mobility and transition perspective. A conceptual framework is explored and tested through analysing the Passive House concept transferred from Germany to China. The study shows how the succinct form, co-evolving and re-contextualising attributes are key factors in circulating urban sustainability across context. Acknowledging the notion of adaptation and mutation in the translation process is a first step to address the discrepancies between the knowledge lending and receiving side, and further to foster the transformative learning.