Success Criteria Research Articles

Enhancing Students’ Participation in English Language Classes Using The ‘Think Pair Share’ Cooperative Learning Model

This study developed from the need to address concerns with student involvement in the classroom in light of changing educational conceptions. Traditional teaching methods usually result in passive learning experiences for pupils, which can inhibit engagement and comprehension. Recognizing this problem, the goal of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the ‘Think Pair Share’ cooperative learning approach as a novel strategy for improving student involvement and active participation. This is an action research project that employs questionnaires and observations as the data collection techniques. The research went through three action implementation cycles, each with four stages: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The results obtained in the first cycle showed observation and questionnaire average scores of 66.7 (in a 100 scale) and 52, respectively, which then rose in the second cycle to 72.2 and 88.8. Nevertheless, it did not meet the success criterion of 75. It was only in the third cycle that the minimum intended level was reached, with 86 and 94.5, respectively. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that using the Think Pair Share cooperative teaching model can enhance student participation level. Based on the findings of this study, teachers should consider implementing cooperative teaching models to their classrooms.

Overview of Identified Challenges in the Development Process of Superconducting Accelerator Magnets

Development challenges in the domain of superconducting magnets are concentrated on technical problems in the current literature. Organizational, domain-specific challenges are often seen as secondary but must be considered with new holistic development approaches like Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) becoming more popular. This work quantifies the domain challenges and gives the foundation to derive success criteria for design support in the future. A systematic literature review has been conducted to identify the overall domain challenges, and extensive interviews in the CERN technology department have been carried out to identify the development challenges on a practical level. Problems in knowledge management have been identified as a major challenge in the development process and the general literature. The paper concludes by picking up the most important challenges from the interviews and literature and puts them into the context of the authors’ knowledge of electrical magnet design.

Menafsirkan Kunci Kesuksesan Dari Al-Qur’an

This study aims to examine the meaning of success as found in the Quran and the criteria for success according to the Quran. The research method employed is a qualitative library research approach. The primary data source used is the Quran, with citations of Quranic verses accompanied by translations from the Hadist Web Version 3.0 by Sofyan Efendi. Secondary data is obtained from various exegesis books, such as Tafsir Al-Misbah by M. Quraish Shihab, Jāmi’ al-Bayān ‘an Ta’wīl āy al-Qur’ān by Ibn Jarīr al-Ṭabārī, Jāmi’ al-Bayān li al-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān by Imām al-Qurṭūbi, Tafsir al-Maraghi by Ahmad Muṣaṭfa al-Maragi, Mu’jam Mufradāt li Alfāẓ al-Qur’ān by Al-Ragīb al-Aṣfahānī, Tafsir Al-Qur'anul Madjied An-Nur by T.M. Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy, as well as hadiths of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis, where data is systematically analyzed to describe the facts or characteristics of a population or a specific field accurately and conceptually. The research findings reveal that in the Quran, there are three terms that refer to success, namely al-Falah, an-Najah, and al-Fauz. The term "al-Falah" reflects the meaning of success in both worldly and hereafter life, "an-Najah" refers to the meaning of success in worldly life only, while "al-Fauz" pertains to the meaning of success in the hereafter. The criteria for success according to the Quran include belief and piety towards Allah SWT, performing the five daily prayers, supplicating to Allah SWT, actively engaging in work, setting aside a portion of one's income to assist those in need, and seeking Allah SWT's mercy to enter Paradise.
 

Factors associated with successful electrolarynx use after total laryngectomy, a multi-institutional study.

To identify characteristics associated with successful electrolarynx (EL) use after total laryngectomy (TL). Records of 196 adults who underwent TL from 03/15/2012 to 03/15/2022 at the University of Washington and Puget Sound Veterans Affairs were reviewed. Characteristics included age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, social support, pre-operative radiation (RT) and chemoradiation (CRT), and 6-month post-TL swallow status. EL success was evaluated using pre-defined criteria of intelligibility, reliability, and independence with use. Poisson regressions and robust standard error estimates were used to estimate unadjusted risk ratios for each characteristic. Statistically significant characteristics were included in multivariate analysis (MVA) to estimate adjusted risk ratios. Median age was 64, median Charlson Comorbidity Index was 5, 170 (87%) were male, 159 (81%) had high social support, and 159 (81%) attained post-TL full-oral diet. Pre-operatively, 110 (56%) had RT, including 55 (28%) with CRT. Ninety-three (47%) met our criteria for EL success. Characteristics significantly associated with EL success included social support (p = .037) and post-TL full-oral diet (p = .037); both approached significance on MVA. EL success varied by pre-operative treatment on univariate (p = .005) and MVA (p = .014). Compared to no prior RT or CRT, the probability of EL success was 29% higher with prior RT and 29% lower with prior CRT in MVA, although these associations did not reach significance. In this retrospective review, EL success correlated with high social support, post-TL full-oral diet, and pre-operative treatment history. These results warrant validation in a larger prospective study to help guide the choice of voice rehabilitation modalities or intensified speech therapy. 4.

Efficacy and Safety of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Prefusion F Protein Vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) in Older Adults Over 2 RSV Seasons.

The adjuvanted RSV prefusion F protein-based vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) was efficacious against RSV-related lower respiratory tract disease (RSV-LRTD) in ≥60-years-olds over 1 RSV season. We evaluated efficacy and safety of 1 RSVPreF3 OA dose and of 2 RSVPreF3 OA doses given 1 year apart against RSV-LRTD over 2 RSV seasons post-dose 1. In this phase 3, blinded trial, ≥60-year-olds were randomized (1:1) to receive RSVPreF3 OA or placebo pre-season 1. RSVPreF3 OA recipients were re-randomized (1:1) to receive a second RSVPreF3 OA dose (RSV_revaccination group) or placebo (RSV_1dose group) pre-season 2; participants who received placebo pre-season 1 received placebo pre-season 2 (placebo group). Efficacy of both vaccine regimens against RSV-LRTD was evaluated over 2 seasons combined (confirmatory secondary objective, success criterion: lower limits of 2-sided CIs around efficacy estimates >20%). The efficacy analysis comprised 24 967 participants (RSV_1dose: 6227; RSV_revaccination: 6242; placebo: 12 498). Median efficacy follow-up was 17.8 months. Efficacy over 2 seasons of 1 RSVPreF3 OA dose was 67.2% (97.5% CI: 48.2-80.0%) against RSV-LRTD and 78.8% (95% CI: 52.6-92.0%) against severe RSV-LRTD. Efficacy over 2 seasons of a first dose followed by revaccination was 67.1% (97.5% CI: 48.1-80.0%) against RSV-LRTD and 78.8% (95% CI: 52.5-92.0%) against severe RSV-LRTD. Reactogenicity/safety of the revaccination dose were similar to dose 1. One RSVPreF3 OA dose was efficacious against RSV-LRTD over 2 RSV seasons in ≥60-year-olds. Revaccination 1 year post-dose 1 was well tolerated but did not seem to provide additional efficacy benefit in the overall study population. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04886596.

Development of a utility model to optimize precision training in padel

Recent research highlights that one of the main criteria for success in padel is the ability of players to direct the hits towards a desired and optimal area of the court, therefore, the objective is to design an invention that allows contributing to the training of these variables in an innovative and effective way. For the development of the invention, the protocol established by the Research Results Transfer Management Service of the internal valuation unit of the University of Extremadura and the Spanish office of the patents and brand (OEPM) was followed. The resulting invention is a device to optimize padel training, which was granted and published as a Utility Model with reference number ES1269754U. The concession grants authors official protection for 10 years from the date of concession on 09/24/2021, after that date, said authorship will pass into the public domain. After the process of development and acceptance of the invention, it can be affirmed that this invention is an innovative alternative to optimize training in padel.

Pivotal single-arm, phase 2 trial of tasurgratinib for patients with fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-2 gene fusion-positive cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

471 Background: CCA represents ~3% of all gastrointestinal malignancies globally; it is particularly prevalent in Asian countries. Additionally, FGFR2 gene fusions occur in ~13% of intrahepatic CCA cases. Tasurgratinib (E7090) is an orally available selective inhibitor of FGFR 1–3; the recommended dose is 140 mg per day per the dose-escalation part of a first-in-human phase 1 study. In this pivotal phase 2 study, this regimen was evaluated in patients (pts) with FGFR2 fusion-positive CCA. Methods: Japanese and Chinese pts with surgically unresectable advanced or metastatic CCA were treated with tasurgratinib 140 mg PO daily. FGFR2 gene fusion was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization performed in central laboratories; ≥ 1 prior chemotherapy regimen including a gemcitabine-based combination was required; pts treated with FGFR2 inhibitors were excluded. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR; complete response [CR] + partial response [PR]). Secondary endpoints included duration of response (DOR), time to response (TTR), disease control rate (DCR; CR + PR + stable disease [SD]), clinical benefit rate (CBR; CR + PR + SD lasting ≥ 23 weeks), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. The study was considered successful if the lower limit of the ORR 90% CI was > 15% in a planned population. Tumor responses were measured every 8 weeks by RECIST v1.1 per independent imaging review. Adverse event (AE) severity was measured per CTCAE v4.03. Results: 63 Pts (Japanese: n = 28; Chinese: n = 35) were treated (median age: 55 years); 23 pts (37%) had received 1 prior regimen, all others had received ≥ 2. By the data cutoff date (March 15, 2023), 55 pts discontinued treatment (disease progression, n = 48; adverse events, n = 4; pt choice, n = 2; loss of clinical benefit, n = 1). 19 Pts (30%) had a PR; 31 pts (49%) had SD and 13 (21%) had SD for ≥ 23 weeks. The ORR was 30% (2-sided 90% CI 20.7–41.0; 95% CI 19.2–43.0); the DCR was 79% (95% CI 67.3–88.5); the CBR was 51% (95% CI 37.9–63.6). The median [m]TTR / DOR for responders were 1.87 mos (IQR 1.77–2.10; range 1.6–14.7) / 5.6 mos (95% CI 3.7–9.3; range 1.0+–14.8+). The mPFS / OS were 5.4 mos (95% CI 3.7–5.6) / 13.1 mos (95% CI 10.8–17.4). 61 Pts (97%) had ≥ 1 treatment-related AE (TRAE), most commonly hyperphosphatemia (n = 51; 81%); 18 pts (29%) had ≥ 1 grade ≥ 3 TRAE, most commonly lipase increased (n = 4; 6%). 34 Pts (54%) had a dose reduction and 18 (29%) had treatment interruption due to TRAEs. 4 Pts (6%) had a fatal AE, none related to treatment. Conclusions: Tasurgratinib had promising antitumor activity in pts with CCA harboring FGFR2 gene fusion and who received ≥ 1 prior chemotherapy regimen. The primary endpoint (ORR) met the study’s predefined success criteria. Tasurgratinib had a manageable safety profile consistent with previous reports and with the known pharmacological profile of FGFR inhibitors. Clinical trial information: NCT04238715 .

Are Saudi Arabian banks’ mobile applications accessible for blind or partially sighted users?: a customers’ perspective and evaluation

AbstractThis study investigated the accessibility problems and barriers faced by visually impaired Arabic speakers when using banking mobile applications. The sample included mobile applications for the top three banks in Saudi Arabia in terms of their customer base, including applications for AlRajhi, SNB, and Riyad bank. The focus was on the three most popular e-services provided by those applications. Using a mixed method approach, accessibility was inspected manually according to current Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1). In addition, in-depth usability testing for those applications was conducted with 12 blind Arabic-speaking users. The results revealed that the accessibility level for all sample applications did not conform to WCAG 2.1, which reflected the low accessibility level provided by these applications. However, AlRajhi’s application was the best among the tested applications. In manual inspection, it had the lowest number of violations of success criteria compared to SNB’s and Riyad’s applications. It also achieved the best results in usability testing in terms of effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction compared to the other two applications. The overall results showed that the current situation of accessibility of Saudi banking applications is not very satisfactory in terms of number of violations to WCAG 2.1 success criteria. The most violated principle by all the applications was operable, with around 37% of total violations, followed by perceivable, then robust and understandable.

Effect of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty on the Fellow Eye.

Determine if selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) affects the fellow eye's intraocular pressure (IOP). A retrospective review of 76 pairs of eyes from 76 adult glaucoma patients who underwent SLT in one eye with at least 2 months between treatments were evaluated for IOP and medication reduction in the untreated fellow eye. Success was defined as ≥20% IOP reduction or ≥1 medication reduction without any additional IOP lowering procedures or medication. The primary outcome measures were success, IOP, and medication reduction in the untreated fellow eye at 6 months. At 6 months after SLT treatment, 48.7% (38/76) treated eyes and 36.8% (28/76) untreated fellow eyes met success criteria. IOP reduction in the treated eye was 2.6 ± 5.8 (14.1%; p < 0.002) and 0.8 ± 4.3 (5.1%, p = 0.122) in the fellow eye. The fellow eye was significantly more likely to meet success criteria if the treated eye was successful [odds ratio (OR): 6.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.11-17.06), p < 0.002]. After a unilateral treatment with SLT, over one-third of the fellow eyes experienced either ≥20% IOP reduction or medication reduction. Additionally, fellow eyes were six times as likely to meet success criteria if this was observed in the treated eye. These findings may support the proposed biochemical mechanism for the therapeutic action of SLT. The implication for clinicians is that SLT treatment in one eye may allow the fellow eye to benefit and provide a prediction on the fellow eye's response without subjecting both eyes to the rare but present complications of SLT. Hirabayashi M, Mellencamp E, Duong S, et al. Effect of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty on the Fellow Eye. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2023;17(4):175-177.

Analisis Aksesibilitas Website Pemerintah Provinsi di Indonesia Menggunakan Pedoman Web Content Accessible Guidelines 2.0

Web accessibility is people with disabilities to be able to use, navigate, and interact with the website. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has provided important guidelines about web accessibility known as the Web Content Accessible Guidelines (WCAG). Indonesian government encourages the use of new media through Presidential Instruction Number 3 of 2003 concerning National Policies and Strategies for e-Government Development which mandates every state institution to build websites. Therefore in this study, an evaluation analysis was carried out on the website of Indonesia Provincial Government by using two accessibility evaluation automation tools namely TAW and aXe. This research presents the main problems found from all provincial government websites based on problems, warnings, and success criteria. With the TAW tool, the highest number of problems found in the Perceivable principle section, which amounts to 6490. And the provincial government sites that have the most accessibility issues based on the TAW tool are East Nusa Tenggara and Riau, while for the aXe tool are Yogyakarta and West Borneo.

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY THROUGH RIDDLE GAME

In this research, Classroom Action Research (PTK) was used to determine whether students' vocabulary mastery was better with the Riddle game. This research involved 49 students in class VIII SMP IT Nurul Ilmi. The aim is to improve students' vocabulary mastery through playing Riddles. This study was carried out in two cycles, with planning, implementation, observation and reflection included. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected. The results of observations and interviews were used to obtain qualitative data. Students' vocabulary scores in pre-test, post-test, and questionnaires are sources of quantitative data. The research results showed that students mastered vocabulary better, as shown by the average pre-test score of 53.3, the average post-test 1 score of 70.9, and the average pot-test cycle 2 score of 83.5. Apart from that, there were 4 students (8.16%) who met the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) in the pre-test. In cycle 1, there were 27 students (55.1%) who met the KKM, and the results obtained were that 42 students (85.7%) met the KKM in the post-test cycle 2. Thus, the success criteria were achieved. The results of the questionnaire then showed that the Riddle game increased the vocabulary learning response. The results of observations and interviews show that students are motivated in the teaching and learning process when using the Riddle game with an average pre-questionnaire score of 47%.09% after the questionnaire becomes 94.8%, this has increased by 47.71%.

Key stakeholder voices: Investigating student perceptions of teachers’ use of assessment for learning

Many schools aim to implement Assessment for Learning (AfL) to stimulate students to take more ownership of their learning and develop self-regulatory skills. This survey-based study is among the few in the field showing how students experience the extent of implementation of AfL, here in English language and mathematics classes in 12 Dutch secondary schools. Analysis showed no differences between the subjects. Students (N = 685) experienced activities to clarify the learning intentions and success criteria and eliciting evidence on their learning progress regularly (between 50–74% of the lessons). Students hardly ever experienced activities aimed at peer- and self-assessment (less than 25% of the lessons). However, cluster analysis revealed three distinct clusters related to the extent of AfL strategy use students experienced. Overall, we can conclude that AfL is not yet fully integrated into teaching practices. Teachers’ skills, knowledge and attitudes required to increase student engagement in AfL practices and strengthen students’ self-regulated learning need more attention in future teacher professional development trajectories.

Ageism and age anxiety experienced by Chinese doctoral students in enacting a “successful” career script in academia

This paper employs the notion of a “career script” as a conceptual basis to examine how age-based academic career norms are internalized, strategized, and reproduced among PhD students aspiring to become academics. It draws on interviews with 70 PhD students at leading universities in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau that were organized and explored using narrative inquiry. The findings suggest that the tournament-like, age-based career scripts are primarily shaped by institutional policies on recruitment and funding applications and reinforced through social interactions. Doctoral students internalize the established criteria for success defined by the career scripts and stigmatize those who lag behind in the attainment of institutionally predetermined milestones, thus discouraging any attempt to rescript career norms. While enacting successful career scripts, students experience age and temporal anxiety at a fairly young age, exacerbating ageism in the academic labor market.

Contributions from Research with (and Not without) Roma Women to Social Work during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Scientific literature has evidenced that some social work practices and research tend to foster assimilation and silence ethnic minorities. In the case of Roma, previous research has shown that many social welfare practices do not consider their voices and end up in actions for surveillance and control over social transformation. However, the successful practices in social work with the Roma population that overcome these limitations remain underexplored. This work contributes to this gap in the scientific literature by uncovering one key criterion of some successful actions in this regard. Through the communicative methodology, six women’s focus groups and 30 life stories were conducted. In total, this included 47 Roma women and 33 Roma men from three different Spanish regions, as well as interviews with 30 professionals from education, social services, and civic organizations. The results from the studied context present evidence of a main successful criterion in some social work practices: the inclusion of scientific evidence in the intervention with co-creation with the end-users through egalitarian dialogue. That is, in this context, through the use of scientific evidence together with the co-creation process, the results were very positive.

Factors influencing the outcome of nonsurgical root canal treatment and retreatment: A retrospective study.

This study assessed the influence of diverse variables on the outcome of nonsurgical root canal treatment/retreatment. In general, 304 teeth from 218 patients were treated/retreated and the outcome evaluated by the periapical index (PAI). Teeth with apical periodontitis lesions that have not completely healed were classified as success or failure based on lenient and rigid criteria, respectively. Findings were evaluated using a logistic regression analysis. The overall success rates were 74% and 82% using the PAI-rigid and lenient success criteria, respectively. Specifically for treatment, the success rates were 73% (rigid) and 82% (lenient), while for retreatment they were 78% (rigid) and 83% (lenient). The treatment outcome was negatively affected by overextension, presence of preoperative lesion, lesion size >10 mm, and higher number of treatment visits (with no intracanal medication). Regarding retreatment, the chance of success was greater for teeth with adequate coronal restorations.

Radiographic outcome of endodontic treatment and retreatment of teeth with apical periodontitis using two different root canal irrigants. A prospective cohort study.

The aim of this prospective cohort study was to compare the radiographic outcome of endodontic treatment and retreatment of teeth with apical periodontitis using either 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) for root canal irrigation. In the years from 2013 to 2015 standard irrigation varied by semester between NaOCl and CHX at the Department of Endodontics at the Faculty of Dentistry. During that time, 912 teeth received treatment for apical periodontitis in 744 patients, of whom 532 responded to the request for a 1-year follow-up. Only one tooth per person (the most distally located) were included; 285 teeth treated with NaOCl and 247 with CHX. One hundred cases were then randomly sampled from each irrigation group and analysed for outcome by periapical index (PAI) scoring using criteria for success, uncertain and failure. Clinical and other radiographic parameters were scored or recorded and analysed for associations with radiographic outcome using chi-square, ANOVA and regression analyses. Success rates (PAI score 1 or 2 at control) were nearly identical for the two irrigation liquids. The use of irrigating solution also did not significantly influence the outcome in chi-square analyses of subgroups of teeth or regression analyses with other variables included. Ordinal regression analysis established that preoperative lesion size or preoperative PAI score were significantly associated with outcome, and teeth in the mandible had significantly better outcomes than in the maxilla. No significant differences in the radiographic outcome using either 1% NaOCl or 2% CHX as irrigants were found. The outcome was better for teeth with small lesions or lower PAI scores at completion of treatment and for mandibular teeth.

Prognostic indicators in pituitary adenoma surgery: a comprehensive analysis of surgical outcomes and complications.

The primary aim of this study was to identify predictive factors associated with onset of de-novo clinically significant pituitary insufficiencies following endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) for pituitary adenomas. The secondary objective explored the predictive factors of surgical success. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 211 patients who underwent EES. Logistic regression models were employed for the primary and secondary objectives. Patients were stratified into specific groups based on surgical indications and prolactin levels for nuanced analysis. Significant predictors for de-novo pituitary insufficiencies included male sex (OR 3.3, CI95% 1.3-8.1, p=0.01), immediate postoperative insufficiencies (OR 5.6, CI95% 2.8-11.1, p<0.001), and HYPRONOS criteria (OR 5.7, CI95% 1.6-20.9, p=0.008). For surgical success, preoperative insufficiencies (OR 0.7, CI95% 0.5-0.9, p=0.008), repeat surgeries (OR 0.1, CI95% 0-0.4, p=0.001), and gonadotroph or somatotroph adenomas were significant. Age and adenoma size were not predictive in multivariate analysis. Furthermore, we observed a "dip and recover" effect of prolactin after surgery and lower prolactin levels at follow-up (< 3 ng/ml) are correlated with more anterior pituitary insufficiencies than normoprolactinemic patients (p = 0.004). This study identifies key predictors for outcomes in pituitary surgery. Our research is the first to employ individualized success criteria for EES, challenging existing perceptions about the role of age and adenoma size. These findings open avenues for nuanced, individualized preoperative risk assessment and postoperative management.

Improving students' interest in IPS lessons by Inquiring Minds Want to Know learning model

This study aims to determine the increase in student interest in social studies subjects through the Inquiring Minds Want to Know model. This research includes planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research took place in 2 cycles with a sample of 34 students of class IX G SMP Negeri 34 Batam. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, documentation and questionnaires. The validity of the research data using data triangulation with quantitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that learning using the Inquiring Minds Want To Know method is able to increase student learning interest, this is supported by an increase in fun and competition during learning, this can be seen from the results of the pre-action questionnaire of 62.3% increasing to 68.03% in cycle I, and in cycle II it increased to 73.3% and was supported by observations from cycle I of 56.5% to cycle II of 73.8%, an increase of 17.3%. From the results of observations and questionnaires, it was obtained that the average student interest in the first cycle was 62.4% and 73.6% in the second cycle. This means that students' interest in learning has exceeded the success criteria of the action set, namely 70%.

Multi-criteria analysis as a method for selecting the best route of hinterland connections: Case study in South Sumatra, Indonesia

Container Terminal Port of Boombaru is a Port that serves goods in container’s shape for shipping, and it is located in Palembang, South Sumatra Province. The results of the projections show that the growth rate of Berth occupancy at the Boombaru Port container terminal is very significant, which is 43.33% in year 2018–2019 and by 2030 it is predicted to be maximum. The port progress factor is determined by the support of hinterland connection, route infrastructure conditions as the main corridor. In overcoming goods distribution problems, which often hampers the port operational performance process due to the long waiting time for ships at the port to wait for heavy transportation vehicles in Boombaru port. The aim, of this study is to find the best selected road from various criteria, such as land use, accessibility, pavement structure, and road geometrics. The method that has been used in this study is Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA). The results show that highest weighted value for successive criteria, namely 3.795 for Geometric, 3.787 for Land Use, 3.521 for Pavement Structure, and 3.157 for Accessibility. Overall, the results show that the best selected route is route B, borderline with Lampung-OKU-Prabumulih- Indralaya-Palembang. The advantage of this route B is because it avoids urban congested area, and it has easy access to industrial area, distribution Centre, warehouses and Ports. Thus, it is less fuel consumption and less gas emission.

Bevacizumab, Irinotecan, or Topotecan Added to Temozolomide for Children With Relapsed and Refractory Neuroblastoma: Results of the ITCC-SIOPEN BEACON-Neuroblastoma Trial.

Outcomes for children with relapsed and refractory high-risk neuroblastoma (RR-HRNB) remain dismal. The BEACON Neuroblastoma trial (EudraCT 2012-000072-42) evaluated three backbone chemotherapy regimens and the addition of the antiangiogenic agent bevacizumab (B). Patients age 1-21 years with RR-HRNB with adequate organ function and performance status were randomly assigned in a 3 × 2 factorial design to temozolomide (T), irinotecan-temozolomide (IT), or topotecan-temozolomide (TTo) with or without B. The primary end point was best overall response (complete or partial) rate (ORR) during the first six courses, by RECIST or International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria for patients with measurable or evaluable disease, respectively. Safety, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) time were secondary end points. One hundred sixty patients with RR-HRNB were included. For B random assignment (n = 160), the ORR was 26% (95% CI, 17 to 37) with B and 18% (95% CI, 10 to 28) without B (risk ratio [RR], 1.52 [95% CI, 0.83 to 2.77]; P = .17). Adjusted hazard ratio for PFS and OS were 0.89 (95% CI, 0.63 to 1.27) and 1.01 (95% CI, 0.70 to 1.45), respectively. For irinotecan ([I]; n = 121) and topotecan (n = 60) random assignments, RRs for ORR were 0.94 and 1.22, respectively. A potential interaction between I and B was identified. For patients in the bevacizumab-irinotecan-temozolomide (BIT) arm, the ORR was 23% (95% CI, 10 to 42), and the 1-year PFS estimate was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80). The addition of B met protocol-defined success criteria for ORR and appeared to improve PFS. Within this phase II trial, BIT showed signals of antitumor activity with acceptable tolerability. Future trials will confirm these results in the chemoimmunotherapy era.