Successive Categories Research Articles

Analysis and Modeling of Timbre Perception Features in Musical Sounds

A novel technique is proposed for the analysis and modeling of timbre perception features, including a new terminology system for evaluating timbre in musical instruments. This database consists of 16 expert and novice evaluation terms, including five pairs with opposite polarity. In addition, a material library containing 72 samples (including 37 Chinese orchestral instruments, 11 Chinese minority instruments, and 24 Western orchestral instruments) and a 54-sample objective acoustic parameter set were developed as part of the study. The method of successive categories was applied to each term for subjective assessment. A mathematical model of timbre perception features (i.e., bright or dark, raspy or mellow, sharp or vigorous, coarse or pure, and hoarse or consonant) was then developed for the first time using linear regression, support vector regression, a neural network, and random forest algorithms. Experimental results showed the proposed model accurately predicted these attributes. Finally, an improved technique for 3D timbre space construction is proposed. Auditory perception attributes for this 3D timbre space were determined by analyzing the correlation between each spatial dimension and the 16 timbre evaluation terms.

Lessons learned from predictions of Solar Cycle 24

Solar Cycle 24 has almost faded and the activity of Solar Cycle 25 is appearing. We have learned much about predicting solar activity in Solar Cycle 24, especially with the data provided by SDO and STEREO. Many advances have come in the short-term predictions of solar flares and coronal mass ejections, which have benefited from applying machine learning techniques to the new data. The arrival times of coronal mass ejections is a mid-range prediction whose accuracy has been improving, mostly due to a steady flow of data from SoHO, STEREO, and SDO. Longer term (greater than a year) predictions of solar activity have benefited from helioseismic studies of the plasma flows in the Sun. While these studies have complicated the dynamo models by introducing more complex internal flow patterns, the models should become more robust with the added information. But predictions made long before a sunspot cycle begins still rely on precursors. The success of some categories of the predictions of Solar Cycle 24 will be examined. The predictions in successful categories should be emphasized in future work. The SODA polar field precursor method, which has accurately predicted the last three cycles, is shown for Solar Cycle 25. Shape functions for the sunspot number and F10.7 are presented. What type of data is needed to better understand the polar regions of the Sun, the source of the most accurate precursor of long-term solar activity, will be discussed.

Success in changing stuttering attitudes: A retrospective analysis of 29 intervention studies

BackgroundAgainst the backdrop of hundreds of studies documenting negative stereotypes and stigma held by the public regarding people who stutter, a substantial number of investigations have attempted to improve public attitudes and measure their results with a standard instrument, the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering (POSHA–S). Although the majority of interventions have been moderately to quite successful, a substantial minority have been unsuccessful. PurposeThis study sought to determine what properties of interventions and demographic variables were predictive of least to most successful interventions. Preliminary to that, however, it required the division of samples into clearly differentiated categories of success. MethodTwenty-nine different study samples containing 934 participants were categorized into four levels of success of interventions according to pre versus post POSHA–S summary mean ratings. Intervention properties and demographic characteristics and for each success category were analyzed for their predictive potential of successful attitude improvement. ResultsInterventions characterized by high interest or involvement, meaningful material, and content that respondents found to be relevant, but not excessive, tended to be associated with more successful interventions. In contrast, demographic variables were weak predictors of intervention success. ConclusionThe authors hypothesize that maximally effective interventions reflect optimal matches between participant characteristics and intervention features, although the critical variables in each are not yet apparent.

Evaluasi Keberhasilan Tanaman Revegetasi Lahan Pasca Tambang Batubara Pada Blok M1W PT Jorong Barutama Greston, Kalimantan Selatan

Reclamation activities should be carried out after mining operation for restoring and improving the function of the land to be in better condition and productive (P.60/Menhut-II/2009). This research aims to analyze the status of the success of revegetation, based on growth ability and performance of A. mangium plants at PT Jorong Barutama Greston Block M1W; to recommend improvements for the land and plants; and to identify the cause of revegetation failure. The results of this research indicated that status of the revegetation success at Block M1W have not been categorized as successful category. The success rate were considered from the average growth percentage and health level of plants which were less than 60% (score 1, bad performance), namely 59.38% and 50.01% respectively. The improvement that could be done were soil amendment and the use of plants which are resistant to poor environment. The plants have to be resistant to acid soil and high content of heavy metal. The main causes of revegetation failure were site condition which were not conducive for A. mangium plant growth and lack of plant maintenance. This was the cause of bad plant growth performance. Besides that, Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) on revegetation activities need to be improved and plant maintenance should be enhanced, particularly those related with pest and disease control.Key words: A. mangium, evaluation, post coal mining, revegetation

Resident Perspectives

Resident Perspectives

Writing Skills Text Report Observation Results At XI Grade Students At SMA Negeri 2 Tondano

The objectives to be achieved in this study are: (1) To describe the learning steps of the communicative approach in writing descriptive text of the report on the observations of class XI students of SMA Negeri 2 Tondano; (2) To describe the writing skills of the description text of the observation report of the XI grade students of SMA Negeri 2 Tondano by using a communicative approach. The method used is action research according to its type. The subjects of this study were students of grade XI in SMA Negeri 2 Tondano. The source of the data is 20 students and teachers. To collect data the techniques used are tests and observations. Acting in two rounds, the results showed that, in the implementation of the first round of Class XI Language Skills of SMA Negeri 2 Tondano in Writing Text Description of Observation Reports using the communicative approach was still in the range of percentage values of 66.20%, categorized as less able. Based on the unsatisfactory results, the second round was carried out, and the results were in the successful category because they were in the able range of 84.40%. These results indicate that the use of a communicative approach in learning to write descriptive text of the observation report has an impact or can improve the skills of 20 high school students of SMA Negeri 2 Tondano

MANAJEMEN STRATEGIK INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI (IAIN) SYEKH NURJATI CIREBON

Profesionalization of Education Management is a strategic sector in developing quality of education as an effort for improving the human resource in the era of millennium developmental goals. On the other hand, Indonesia has low competitiveness caused by low of quality of human resource. Whereas education and educator, educational staff, and institutional management are spearhead in developing quality of human resource. In general, the objective of this research is to formulate a calculation method of performance accountability as an application of principles and theory of strategic management on education activity in IAIN Syekh Nurjati. The method used in this research is non-experimental quantitative research, namely analytical descriptive method. The conclusion of this research are (1) Calculation method of performance accountability used by IAIN Syekh Nurjati refer to recent rules. From point of view of strategic management theory, the two models have a low analysis accuracy. (2) Performance accountability of activity, program, and policy in institutional management of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, all of them are very successful category. (3) Formulation of calculation method of perfomance accountability of IAIN Syekh Nurjati refer to theory of strategic management which in line with characteristics of Strategic Planning of IAIN Syekh Nurjati 2015-2019 and is inaccordance with UNESCO new paradigm of higher education institution (World Declaration on Higher Education for the Twenty First Century: Vision and Action) which is made as reference of new concept of higher education institution development in Indonesia. (4) In management of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, it’s relation are very strong, strong, very strong, and very strong. Further more there are several recommendations, namely (1) On calculation of perfermance accountability for IAIN Syekh Nurjati needed calculation of degree of relationship or influence between policy variables, program, and activity as variables of strategic implementation. (2) Phase of model of strategic management should be agreed by concerning people and decided by people who have jurisdiction to be made as reference and together commitment. (3) For certain faculties, institute, or educational institution at local, regional, or national level it is necessary to appoint a strategic management commitee responsible for developing “Statement of Best Practices” Key Words : Management, Accountability, Performance

PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL (YOUTUBE) SEBAGAI MEDIA INOVATIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI MADRASAH GRESIK

The community service activities have been carried out at Madrasah Aliyah Masyhudiyah Gresik. Thepurpose of service is: 1) providing understanding to teachers in making learning material throughYouTube, 2) providing motivation to teachers, 3) building teachers' confidence, and 4) using YouTube forfun learning tools. Methods of activities are lectures, demonstrations, workshops and training using theCamtasia application. Data collection techniques are based on the results of the pretest - posttest andparticipatory approach. Data analysis to measure the success category is done by calculating thepercentage of correct answers for each aspect asked, the percentage of learning videos made and thenumber of learning videos uploaded. The results of the activities are: 1) the teacher's understanding inmaking construction of video-based learning materials on average increased by 52%, 2) 100% of teachershave made videos for learning media using the Camtasia application, 3) 30% of teachers have uploadedlearning videos on social media YouTube This activity resulted in an increase in teacher understandingrelated to the importance of using YouTube as a learning medium and videos containing learning materialscreated by madrasa teachers.

Impact of Life's Simple 7 on the incidence of major cardiovascular events in high-risk Spanish adults in the PREDIMED study cohort.

The Life's Simple 7 strategy of the American Heart Association proposes 7 metrics of ideal cardiovascular health: body mass index (BMI) <25mg/m2, not smoking, healthy diet, moderate physical activity ≥ 150min/wk, total blood cholesterol <200mg/dL, systolic and diastolic blood pressures <120 and <80mmHg, respectively, and fasting blood glucose <100mg/dL. It is important to assess the combined effect of these 7 metrics in the Spanish population. We prospectively analyzed the impact of baseline Life's Simple 7 metrics on the incidence of major cardiovascular events in the PREDIMED cohort (57.5% women, average baseline age, 67 years). The healthy diet metric was defined as attaining ≥ 9 points on a validated 14-item Mediterranean diet adherence screener. An incident major cardiovascular event was defined as a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death. Cox regression was used to calculate multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for successive categories of health metrics. After a median follow-up of 4.8 years in 7447 participants, there were 288 major cardiovascular events. After adjustment for age, sex, center, and intervention group, HRs (95%CI) were 0.73 (0.54-0.99), 0.57 (0.41-0.78), and 0.34 (0.21-0.53) for participants with 2, 3, and ≥ 4 metrics, respectively, compared with participants with only 0 to 1 metrics. In an elderly Spanish population at high cardiovascular risk, better adherence to Life's Simple 7 metrics was progressively associated with a substantially lower rate of major cardiovascular events.

Total and cardiovascular mortality risk according to KDIGO guidelines classification in type 2 diabetic patients

Background and aimsOur aim was to assess the usefulness of KDIGO 2012 risk classification to predict total and cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Material and methodsProspective cohort study that included DM2 patients. Clinical end-points were total and cardiovascular mortality. The main predictive variable was KDIGO risk classification, which is a combination of urinary albumin excretion and glomerular filtration rate. The predictive value was evaluated by the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) index. Results453 patients (39.3% males, aged 64.9 [SD 9.3] and with a mean diabetes duration of 10.4 [SD 7.5] years) were included. During a median follow-up of 13 years, mortality rates per 1000patients/year (26.5 vs. 45.1 vs. 79.2 vs. 109.8; p<0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (8.1 vs. 17.4 vs. 24.7 vs. 57.5; p<0.001) were progressively increased in successive KDIGO categories. In the multivariate analysis, there was also a progressive increase of mortality risk (HR[moderate risk]=1.29; HR[high risk]=1.83; HR[very high risk]=2.15; p=0.016) and cardiovascular mortality risk (HR[moderate risk]=1.73; HR[high risk]=2.27; HR[very high risk]=4.22; p=0.007) in the successive categories. KDIGO classification was able to improve the mortality risk prediction (IDI=0.00888; p=0.047) and cardiovascular mortality risk prediction (IDI=0.01813; p=0.035). ConclusionsKDIGO risk classification can effectively stratify total and cardiovascular mortality risk in DM2 patients.

Impact of hurricanes Irma and Maria on the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center initial tsunami warning capability for the Caribbean region

Abstract. In September 2017, hurricanes Irma and Maria wreaked havoc across the Caribbean region. While obliterating the infrastructure in the Caribbean nations found along their path, both hurricanes gradually destroyed the existing seismic networks. We quantified the impact of the hurricanes on the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC) initial tsunami warning capability for the Caribbean region relying on the computation of theoretical earthquake detection and response times after accounting for hurricane-related station outages. The results show that the hurricanes rendered 38 % of the 146 stations available in the Caribbean inoperative. Within the eastern Caribbean region monitored by PTWC the hurricanes exacerbated outages to an astonishing 82 % of the available 76 seismic stations. Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the Lesser Antilles suffered the brunt of both hurricanes, and their seismic networks nearly disappeared. The double punch delivered by two successive category 5 hurricanes added up to 02:43 and 04:33 min to the earthquake detection and response times, effectively knocking out PTWC's local tsunami warning capabilities in the region. Emergency adjustments, including the temporary reduction of the number of stations required for earthquake detection and ML magnitude release, enabled a faster response to earthquakes in the region than otherwise possible in the aftermath of hurricanes Irma and Maria.

Impacto de Life's Simple 7 en la incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares mayores en adultos españoles con alto riesgo de la cohorte del estudio PREDIMED

Introduction and objectivesThe Life's Simple 7 strategy of the American Heart Association proposes 7 metrics of ideal cardiovascular health: body mass index (BMI) <25mg/m2, not smoking, healthy diet, moderate physical activity ≥ 150min/wk, total blood cholesterol <200mg/dL, systolic and diastolic blood pressures <120 and <80mmHg, respectively, and fasting blood glucose <100mg/dL. It is important to assess the combined effect of these 7 metrics in the Spanish population. We prospectively analyzed the impact of baseline Life's Simple 7 metrics on the incidence of major cardiovascular events in the PREDIMED cohort (57.5% women, average baseline age, 67 years). MethodsThe healthy diet metric was defined as attaining ≥ 9 points on a validated 14-item Mediterranean diet adherence screener. An incident major cardiovascular event was defined as a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death. Cox regression was used to calculate multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for successive categories of health metrics. ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 4.8 years in 7447 participants, there were 288 major cardiovascular events. After adjustment for age, sex, center, and intervention group, HRs (95%CI) were 0.73 (0.54-0.99), 0.57 (0.41-0.78), and 0.34 (0.21-0.53) for participants with 2, 3, and ≥ 4 metrics, respectively, compared with participants with only 0 to 1 metrics. ConclusionsIn an elderly Spanish population at high cardiovascular risk, better adherence to Life's Simple 7 metrics was progressively associated with a substantially lower rate of major cardiovascular events.

The FechDeck

Learning the methods of psychophysics is an essential part of training for perceptual experimentation, and hands-on experience is vital, but gaining this experience is difficult because good tools for learning are not available. The FechDeck is an ordinary deck of playing cards that has been modified to support learning the methods of psychophysics. Card backs are printed with noise patterns that span a range of densities. Faces are augmented with line segments arranged in “L” patterns. Jokers are printed with ruled faces and with backs that serve as standards. Instructions provided with the FechDeck allow users to perform threshold experiments using Fechner's methods of adjustment, limits, and constant stimuli; scaling experiments using Thurstone's ranking, paired comparison, and successive categories methods; and Stevens's magnitude estimation method. Spreadsheets provided with the deck support easy data entry and meaningful data analysis. An online repository supporting the FechDeck has been established to facilitate dissemination and to encourage open source development of the deck.

Riesgo de mortalidad total y cardiovascular según la clasificación propuesta por las guías KDIGO en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2

Background and aimsOur aim was to assess the usefulness of KDIGO 2012 risk classification to predict total and cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Material and methodsProspective cohort study that included DM2 patients. Clinical end-points were total and cardiovascular mortality. The main predictive variable was KDIGO risk classification, which is a combination of urinary albumin excretion and glomerular filtration rate. The predictive value was evaluated by the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) index. Results453 patients (39.3% males, aged 64.9 [SD 9.3] and with a mean diabetes duration of 10.4 [SD 7.5] years) were included. During a median follow-up of 13 years, mortality rates per 1000 patients/year (26.5 vs. 45.1 vs. 79,2 vs. 109,8; p<0,001) and cardiovascular mortality (8.1 vs. 17.4 vs. 24.7 vs. 57.5; p<0,001) were progressively increased in successive KDIGO categories. In the multivariate analysis, there was also a progressive increase of mortality risk (HR[moderate risk]=1.29; HR[high risk])=1.83; HR[very high risk]=2.15; p=.016) and cardiovascular mortality risk (HR[moderate risk]=1.73; HR[high risk]=2.27; HR[very high risk]=4.22; p=.007) in the successive categories. KDIGO classification was able to improve the mortality risk prediction (IDI=0.00888; p=.047) and cardiovascular mortality risk prediction (IDI=0.01813; p=.035). ConclusionsKDIGO risk classification can effectively stratify total and cardiovascular mortality risk in DM2 patients.

Investigating the behaviour of ASHRAE, Bedford, and Nicol thermal scales when translated into the Arabic language

With the global spread of thermal comfort studies, thermal scales are translated into different languages to adapt local context in which the studies are applied. However, translating thermal comfort scales does not maintain behaviour that is associated with their original English versions. Behaviour differences include irregular categories' width, asymmetry, and deviation of the middle category centre from the centre of the thermal continuum. These differences have a negative influence on the results of thermal comfort studies and their accuracy. Applying the successive categories method, this paper explores the change in ASHRAE, Bedford, and Nicol scales' behaviour when translated into the Arabic language. The translated scales were integrated into questionnaires distributed among female high school students in Muscat, the capital city of Oman, as part of a larger survey that lasted for a whole year. The findings revealed the deviation of the translated scales from the original assumptions of the English versions. This included categories' irregular widths and asymmetry in addition to the deviation of the centre of the middle categories from the centre of the thermal continuum. Besides, it was found that both ASHRAE and Bedford scales covered different ranges on the thermal continuum, which questions their assumed equivalence. Based on these findings, the accuracy of the thermal comfort analysis is negatively affected. Considering the sensitivity of scales’ behaviour to the used phrases, further explorations implementing the terms examined in this study are recommended.

ANALISIS KINERJA PENYULUH TERHADAP PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK USAHA PETERNAKAN SAPI DI DESA TONDEGESAN KECAMATAN KAWANGKOAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA

ABSTRACTANALYSIS OF INSTRUCTOR PERFORMANCE TO EMPOWERING CATTLE BREEDING BUSINESS GROUP AT TONDEGESAN VILLAGE OF KAWANGKOAN DISTRICT. The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of instructors on empowerment of cattle business groups in Tondegesan Village, Kawangkoan District, Minahasa Regency. This research was carried out by using data miles and huberman analysis which was carried out when the data collection took place in the field. The study population was all members of the serentape business group. The sampling method for farmers is based on indications to assess performance, namely productivity, responsiveness, and responsibility. The results showed that the performance of extension agents was mostly in the successful category. The success of the instructor's performance in the productivity level is in the successful category with a percentage of 93.33%, in the level of responsiveness in the successful category with a percentage of 73.33%, and the level of responsibility in the successful category with a percentage of 93.33%. Based on the research,concluded that the performance of the instructor towards the empowerment of business groups in the village of Tondegesan, Kawangkoan Subdistrict which was measured in terms of productivity, responsiveness and responsibilitysuccessful.Keywords: Performance, Extension, Empowerment

ANALISIS KINERJA PENYULUH TERHADAP PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK USAHA PETERNAKAN SAPI DI DESA TONDEGESAN KECAMATAN KAWANGKOAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA

ABSTRACTANALYSIS OF INSTRUCTOR PERFORMANCE TO EMPOWERING CATTLE BREEDING BUSINESS GROUP AT TONDEGESAN VILLAGE OF KAWANGKOAN DISTRICT. The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of instructors on empowerment of cattle business groups in Tondegesan Village, Kawangkoan District, Minahasa Regency. This research was carried out by using data miles and huberman analysis which was carried out when the data collection took place in the field. The study population was all members of the serentape business group. The sampling method for farmers is based on indications to assess performance, namely productivity, responsiveness, and responsibility. The results showed that the performance of extension agents was mostly in the successful category. The success of the instructor's performance in the productivity level is in the successful category with a percentage of 93.33%, in the level of responsiveness in the successful category with a percentage of 73.33%, and the level of responsibility in the successful category with a percentage of 93.33%. Based on the research,concluded that the performance of the instructor towards the empowerment of business groups in the village of Tondegesan, Kawangkoan Subdistrict which was measured in terms of productivity, responsiveness and responsibilitysuccessful.Keywords: Performance, Extension, Empowerment

Gender, intersectionality, and religious manifestation before the European Court of Human Rights

Decisions on Article 9(2) of the European Convention on Human Rights—the right to religious manifestation—evidence the importance of intersectional considerations of gender, religion, and even nationality. This article uses qualitative comparative analysis in order to find patterns of litigation victory and defeat by intersectional groups in their claims of violation of this provision. Our analyses show that intersectionalization, operating through a methodology particularly well suited to do so, was essential to render visible important patterns in the judicial arena. These patterns show the different outcomes of litigation by intersectional groups. In particular, Muslim women, whose cases frequently had a clear dimension of “claim intersectionality” related to religious clothing, systematically were defeated before the European Court of Human Rights. This contrasts with cases brought by male Muslims, a successful category of litigants, therefore emphasizing the importance of gender dimension when understanding cases on religious manifestation.

PERAN PENYULUH DALAM PEMBELAJARAN INSEMINASI BUATAN KEPADA PETERNAK SAPI DI KECAMATAN KAWANGKOAN BARAT KABUPATEN MINAHASA

ROLE OF INSTRUCTOR ON ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION LESSON TO CATTLE FARMERS IN WEST KAWANGKOAN DISTRICT MINAHASA REGENCY. The purpose of this study was to examine how the role of instructors in learning artificial insemination to cattle farmers in West Kawangkoan District, Minahasa Regency, that is by looking at the role of extension agents, the success of IB learning and the role of extension agents with the success of artificial insemination learning to cattle farmers. Data collection was carried out by direct interviews with cattle breeders assisted by questionnaires. Data analysis using index percent formula for determining variable values and simple correlation analysis to see the relationship between the role of instructor variables and the success of artificial insemination learning to cattle farmers. The results of the analysis show that the role of the instructor is in good category and the success of learning artificial insemination is in the successful category, so there is a relationship between the role of instructor and the success of artificial insemination learning to cattle farmers in West Kawangkoan District, Minahasa Regency.Keywords: Role of instructor, learning of artificial insemination, cattle ranchers.

Keberlanjutan Program One Village One Product melalui Manajemen Koperasi Tani Mertanadi di Desa Pelaga, Kecamatan Petang, Kabupaten Badung

Sustainability of One Village One Product (OVOP) Program Through Mertanadi Farmers Cooperative Management (In the Case of Pelaga Village, Petang Sub-District, Badung Regency)&#x0D; Indonesia's development through village development is one of the government's focus on alleviating poverty in Indonesia. Overcoming the problem of poverty, the government has launched several programs, one of which is to build Indonesia from the village. One of the programs to build Indonesia from the village is the One Village One Product (OVOP) program. It is a regional potential development approach in one region to produce one global class product by utilizing local resources. One of the successful villages in running the OVOP program is Pelaga Village located in Petang Sub-District, Badung Regency. This study aims to determine the sustainability of the OVOP program through the management of Mertanadi Farmers' Cooperative and to investigate the constraints that occur in the management of Mertanadi Farmers' Cooperative. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires to determine the members' assessment on the sustainability of the OVOP program and using the interview guidelines to find out the management of Mertanadi Farmers' Cooperative. Then the data was analyzed by qualitative descriptive analysis method, which was presented in quantitative analysis. The results of the research showed that the sustainability of the OVOP program through the management of Mertanadi Farmers Cooperative in Pelaga Village, Petang Sub-district, Badung Regency obtained a score of 4.00 with a percentage of 80% that it can be categorized as in the successful category. Technical, social, and economic constraints need to be anticipated to maintain the sustainability of the OVOP program.