Suburban California Research Articles

Examining infants' visual paired comparison performance in the US and rural Malawi.

Measures of attention and memory were evaluated in 6- to 9-month-old infants from two diverse contexts. One sample consisted of African infants residing in rural Malawi (N=228, 118 girls, 110 boys). The other sample consisted of racially diverse infants residing in suburban California (N=48, 24 girls, 24 boys). Infants were tested in an eye-tracking version of the visual paired comparison procedure and were shown racially familiar faces. The eye tracking data were parsed into individual looks, revealing that both groups of infants showed significant memory performance. However, how a look was operationally defined impacted some-but not other-measures of infant VPC performance. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: In both the US and Malawi, 6- to 9-month-old infants showed evidence of memory for faces they had previously viewed during a familiarization period. Infant age was associated with peak look duration and memory performance in both contexts. Different operational definitions of a look yielded consistent findings for peak look duration and novelty preference scores-but not shift rate. Operationalization of look-defined measures is an important consideration for studies of infants in different cultural contexts.

Hurt You by Marie Myung-Ok Lee

Reviewed by: Hurt You by Marie Myung-Ok Lee Ally Byerly Lee, Marie Myung-Ok Hurt You Blackstone, 2023 [268p] Trade ed. ISBN 9798200758098 $19.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R* Gr. 9-12 See this month’s Big Picture, p. 317, for review. Published in 1937, John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men has become a classroom staple, and many middle and high schoolers will be familiar with the heartbreaking story of George Milton and Lennie Small. Famous for the senseless tragedy of its ending, the book exposed profound fissures in American society: its dangerous exploitation of the working class, its callous disregard for those with disabilities, and its shameful abetment of mob justice. Hurt You is both an homage to and a modernization of this American classic, as author Marie Myung-Ok Lee lends further nuance and pathos to Steinbeck’s themes of class dynamics, power, and loyalty. Set in a Korean American community in suburban California, this fitting successor finds modern-day thematic parallels in the profiteering off of immigrant labor and the “Stand Your Ground” gun laws that allow civilians to take justice into their own hands, often with tragic consequences. Georgia Kim’s life is fraught with tension. She feels it mounting in the room as her brother Leo works himself into another tantrum, and between her parents as they clash over how to raise a son who, like Steinbeck’s character Lennie, has an intellectual disability. She feels tension brewing within herself, as well, in her competing desires to claim agency in her future and to protect her gentle brother from the cruelty and ignorance that surrounds him. Georgia cannot imagine a life without Leo by her side, but her parents are eager for her to move away and attend an elite college where she can start her life sans Leo. Their ambitions precipitate a move to the pristine planned community of Sunnyvale, where Georgia and Leo encounter familiar bigotry in the form of the gun-toting bigshot Curley and his fawning girlfriend. Yet, they also find unprecedented support and kindness in their new school’s Korean American community. With the help of their new friends, Georgia begins to make plans to secure her and Leo’s future, but, like “the best laid plans o’ mice an’ men,” they go awry. As the story begins at its tragic conclusion, readers know that there will be no future for Leo, that Georgia’s cherished hopes for their life together will come to nothing, that society will not be kind. Yet as the story unfolds, full of love and tenderness, one cannot help but cling to hope that these incredible characters can alter its course. This is a testament to Lee’s masterful storytelling; her visceral prose and deft use of figurative language compound to create an immersive world in which even minor characters are fleshy and flawed. The novel even uses Leo’s tendency to echo speech to call back to Steinbeck’s text, as Leo’s repeated affirmations that “Nuna [older sister] keeps me safe” haunt the novel. [End Page 317] The result is a searing critique of the inaccessible, hostile world people with mental disabilities are forced to navigate, and the gun lobbyist rhetoric that makes marginalized communities especially vulnerable to violence. Indeed, the most disconcerting conceit here is how little our ableist society has changed in the years between the two books. Hurt You is devastating and urgent, and it has the makings of a modern classic. Copyright © 2023 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Allied Attestations: Troubling a Progressive Goodwill and ‘Duty to Speak Out’

ABSTRACT Increasingly fraught disputes over education have elevated local school boards as key sites of inquiry. In this critical ethnography, we examine how ostensibly neutral school board rules, routines, and relations play out in practice. We asked, How do (queer) youth of color proponents, white opponents, and white allies of an anti-oppressive educational program exercise their agency within the organizational contexts of one suburban California school board? Drawing on our field notes and 146 school board testimonies, we argue that white allies leveraged their social positioning (e.g. “As a white male …”) to counteract white opponents’ reactionary grassroots campaign. These allied attestations expressed progressive goodwill and yet reified violent hierarchies of human being that naturalized (queer) youth of color as illegitimate knowers. We discuss how an ethic of co-witnessing might interrupt hierarchies of truth and being encoded in school board organizational settings.

Cultivating learning among the gardens of Irvine: William Pereira’s plans for structure, scholarship, and nature in suburban California

ABSTRACT This paper places William Pereira’s designs for the campus of UC Irvine within the context of Post-World War II development in Southern California. Using Leo Marx’s Machine in the Garden as well as Ebenezer Howard’s Garden Cities, Pereira’s work is evaluated for its ability to blend nature and artifice through his integration of landscape and architecture. Irvine is considered relative to existing planning ideologies of this era, including the development of suburban corporate campuses and auto-dominant suburbs. New developments and emerging growth enclaves reflected a desire to retain a sense of pastoralism, while accommodating the conveniences associated with modern living. The context of Marx and Howard, along with case studies of the mid-twentieth century help to frame the analysis of UCI’s landscape and architecture. Planning texts, diagrams, and photographs are considered in the evaluation of UC Irvine’s design and construction. Situating the campus as both town and garden, the analysis focuses on whether Pereira’s modernist intentions to create a new space where both campus and nature could evolve together, were fully met. As a semi-natural, intensely social space, UC Irvine’s development is laid out as a construction project, while serving the cultural needs of this mid-twentieth century academic community.

Visualizing Faith and Futility in the Nuclear Apocalypse

This paper explores the intersection of personal responsibility, futility, and faith in visual representations of nuclear apocalypse. In two films produced during the late Cold War, Testament (1983) and When the Wind Blows (1986), the protagonists attempt to follow public guidance, maintain daily routines as their health and communities break down, and make muddled connections to religious faith. In Testament, a mother is left to care for her children in suburban California for months after an unexplained nuclear attack isolates and contaminates the town. In When the Wind Blows, a retired couple living in the British countryside diligently follow government instructions to “protect and survive”, while quickly succumbing to radiation poisoning. In a contrasting post-Cold War visual representation, the speculative artwork of the artists Erich Berger and Mari Keto imagine the storage of nuclear waste as a personal responsibility. In OpenCare (2016), waste is encased in steel pellets mounted on a bronze disc, and a series of artifacts and instructions assist in determining continued toxicity. While Testament and When the Wind Blows project the futility of personal responsibility and faith in nuclear survival, Berger and Keto’s system envisions a deep nuclear future requiring continued personal management and care.

Driving Behaviors and Community Mobility of Older Adults Living Independently

Abstract Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. This mixed-methods online survey collected self-report data from 88 older adults on self-restricting driving behaviors. Data identified trends in various factors, including overall driving behaviors, community mobility, use of alternative transportation, and age of older adults independently living in urban and suburban California. Increased self-restricted driving behaviors were reported with the increased age of respondents. This change in driving results in diminished occupational participation. Primary Author and Speaker: Winifred Schultz-Krohn Additional Authors and Speakers: Elisa Chan, Alyson Bothman, Lisa Bullard, Nicholas Chambers, and Derek Colvin Contributing Authors: Chiao-Ju Fang

Broadband adoption in urban and suburban California: information-based outreach programs ineffective at closing the digital divide

Purpose The digital divide has persisted in California and the USA as a whole at approximately the same level for the past decade. This is despite multiple programs being created and billions of dollars being spent to close it. This paper examines why the efforts to date have been ineffective and to offers policy alternatives that might be more successful. Design/methodology/approach Using data from three, variable constrained projects in California, this paper examines the effectiveness of information-based outreach efforts at closing the digital divide. The projects tested various outreach and enrollment methods to see which, if any, could increase broadband adoption in low-income households. Findings This project found that providing low-income households’ information about low-cost broadband offerings was ineffective at closing the digital divide. The findings in this paper were similar to those of two other works that examined the federal Broadband Technology Opportunities Program (BTOP) grants under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Practical implications The findings of this paper along with the works cited that evaluated the BTOP program should be enough to change public policy. For the past ten years, efforts to close the digital divide have focused on providing information to low-income households. However, two independent surveys show broadband adoption has remained virtually flat during that period. Social implications The digital divide brings concomitant economic and education harms and challenges that plague those unable to access information, services, educational and employment opportunities with the same ease, speed and sufficiency as their connected peers and neighbors. Those harms exacerbate the already existing education and income divides. This paper shows that without a change in strategy, those harms will persist. Originality/value This paper breaks new ground and addresses one of the weaknesses identified in existing research. To the best of author’s knowledge, this is the first paper of its type to use programs designed to generate data that can be empirically evaluated for effectiveness. Prior studies attempted to assess program effectiveness by using data generated from fully implemented government programs. However, those programs contained a vast number of unidentified variables and insufficient data collection. They were not designed to facilitate academic evaluation, and as such made a true effectiveness evaluation challenging.

Improvising “Nonexistent Rights”: Immigrants, Ethnic Restaurants, and Corporeal Citizenship in Suburban California

Building on Henri Lefebvre’s radical concept of “right to the city,” contemporary literatures on urban citizenship critically shift the locus of citizenship from its juridical-political foundation in the sovereign state to the spatial politics of the urban inhabitants. However, while the political discourse of right to the city presents a vital vision for urban democracy in the shadow of neoliberal restructuring, its exclusive focus on democratic agency and practices can become disconnected from the everyday experiences of city life on the ground. In fact, in cities that lack longstanding/viable urban citizenship mechanisms that can deliver meaningful political participation, excluded subjects may bypass formal democratic channels to improvise their own inclusion, belonging, and rights in an informal space that the sovereign power does not recognize. Drawing on my fieldwork in the Asian restaurant industry in several multiethnic suburbs in Southern California, this article investigates how immigrant restaurant entrepreneurs, workers, and consumers engender a set of “nonexistent rights” through their everyday production and consumption of ethnic food. I name this improvisational political ensemble corporeal citizenship to describe the material, affective, and bodily dimensions of inclusion, belonging, and “rights” that immigrants actualize through their everyday participation in this suburban ethnic culinary commerce. For many immigrants operating in the global circuits of neoliberal capitalism, citizenship no longer just means what Hannah Arendt (1951) once suggested as “the right to have rights,” or what Engin Isin and Peter Nyers (2014) reformulate as “the right to claim rights,” but also the right to reinvent ways of claiming rights. I suggest such improvisation of nonexistent rights has surprising political implications for unorthodox ways of advancing democratic transformation.

Equity in groupwork: the social process of creating justice in a science classroom

Over the last few decades, there has been an international focus on productive talk in science classrooms, requiring teachers to use more dialogic practices with their students. Studies promoting a dialogic approach propose that students have conversations in small, student-led groups. However, the literature in education and science education regarding groupwork has highlighted that students can struggle to work collaboratively without the proper supports and scaffolds–particularly with regards to equity (Webb, in Hmelo-Silver (ed) The international handbook of collaborative learning, Routledge, Abingdon, 2013). Equitable interactions during groupwork are linked to increased learning among all members during a group task (Cohen in Phi Delta Kappan 72(2):134–138, 1990). Thus, equity in quality and quantity of talk becomes the goal for groupwork. I argue that equity in group interactions requires justice that is socially constructed, including the flattening of social hierarchy. As such equitable groupwork has three key features: student voice, visibility (of all students), and student authority. Group interactions between middle and high school students from a suburban California city are used to highlight these features. Images from video-recorded data, event maps from student dialogue, and data from student interviews are used to examine the role of visibility, voice, and authority in creating equitable interactions in groupwork. Implications from this study point to equity as a process—a transformative social process where students use their words (reflection + action; Freire in Pedagogy of the oppressed, Bloomsbury Publishing, London, 2000) to shift inequities and increase communication in science. Equity as a process does not mean the absence of inequity but that students use their words to address inequity when it arises to transform the space. What, then, is the role of the teacher in allowing for this transformative work to take place among the students? What does it look like to organize this kind of classroom? What do students need to know in order to engage in such equitable practice or transformative work? I engage with questions such as these and conclude with a discussion of how teachers can create the classroom conditions necessary to cultivate productive and equitable talk in science classrooms.

Scented Sugar Baits Enhance Detection of St. Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses in Mosquitoes in Suburban California.

Scented sugar baits deployed in California deserts detected early West Nile virus (WNV) transmission by mosquitoes, representing a potential improvement to conventional arbovirus surveillance that relies heavily on infection rates in mosquito pools. In this study, we expanded deployment of scented sugar baits into suburban Sacramento and Yolo (2015, 2016) and Riverside Counties (2016), California. The goal of the study was to determine whether scented sugar baits detect WNV and St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) concurrent with mosquito infections in trapped pools in areas of high human density. Between 8 and 10% of sugar baits were WNV RNA positive in both study years across the three counties. In Riverside County, where SLEV re-emerged in 2015, 1% of sugar baits were SLEV positive in 2016. Rates of sugar bait positives were at least 100 times higher than infection rates in trapped mosquitoes in the same districts. The prevalence of sugar bait positives varied temporally and did not coincide with infections in mosquitoes collected at the same sites each week. WNV RNA positive sugar baits were detected up to 2 wk before and after concurrent surveillance detected infection in mosquito pools at the same sites. Sugar baits also detected WNV in Riverside County at locations where no WNV activity was detected in mosquito pools. Sugar baits generated between 0.8 and 1.2 WNV positives per $1,000 and can be more economical than carbon dioxide baited traps that produce 0.8 positives per $1,000. These results indicate that the sugar bait approach enhances conventional arbovirus surveillance in mosquitoes in suburban California.

A New African Revival Comes to Orange County

In 2006, the evangelical Mariners megachurch in Orange County began to incorporate the teachings of Mavuno, an evangelical church in Nairobi, in its mission. Kenyan evangelicals have become leaders in Mariners, and Mariners members have travelled to Mavuno to learn from members there firsthand. This reversal of the standard missionary dynamic—where American Christians bring their style of religious practice to places such as Kenya—has had a profound impact on this suburban California religious community. In the last decade, Mariners has become more involved in its wider community–hosting a farmers market on the church grounds, donating to local charities, hosting intrafaith discussions, encouraging its members to take a more hands–on approach to charity, and becoming involved in political issues such as immigration reform.

The Changs Next Door to the Díazes: Remapping Race in Suburban California

The Changs Next Door to the Díazes: Remapping Race in Suburban California

Book Review: Cheng, The Changs Next Door to the Diazes: Remapping Race in Suburban California, by Grace Pena Delgado

Book Review| August 01 2015 Book Review: Cheng, The Changs Next Door to the Díazes: Remapping Race in Suburban California, by Grace Peña Delgado The Changs Next Door to the Díazes: Remapping Race in Suburban California. By Wendy Cheng (, University of Minnesota Press, 2013. 304 pp., $75 cloth, $25 paper) Grace Peña Delgado Grace Peña Delgado University of California, Santa Cruz Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Pacific Historical Review (2015) 84 (3): 381–382. https://doi.org/10.1525/phr.2015.84.3.381 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Grace Peña Delgado; Book Review: Cheng, The Changs Next Door to the Díazes: Remapping Race in Suburban California, by Grace Peña Delgado. Pacific Historical Review 1 August 2015; 84 (3): 381–382. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/phr.2015.84.3.381 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPacific Historical Review Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2015 by the Pacific Coast Branch, American Historical Association2015 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

E-cigarette marketing and older smokers: road to renormalization.

To describe older smokers' perceptions of risks and use of e-cigarettes, and their responses to marketing and knowledge of, and opinions about, regulation of e-cigarettes. Eight 90-minute focus groups with 8 to 9 participants met in urban and suburban California to discuss topics related to cigarettes and alternative tobacco products. Older adults are using e-cigarettes for cessation and as a way to circumvent no-smoking policies; they have false perceptions about the effectiveness and safety of e-cigarettes. They perceive e-cigarette marketing as a way to renormalize smoking. To stem the current epidemic of nicotine addiction, the FDA must take immediate action because e-cigarette advertising promotes dual use and may contribute to the renormalization of smoking.

In the blind spot: the federal government’s intervention in the housing crisis in suburban California

The federal government responded to the foreclosures crisis by implementing several policies. The Neighborhood Stabilization program (NSP) in 2009, a mitigation policy, aimed at helping local governments to buy, rehabilitate and sell foreclosed homes to mitigate the effects of the foreclosures in the most affected neighborhoods. This paper focuses on the allocation methodology used in this program to explain why some of the most affected places in California didn’t receive adequate funds to fight foreclosures. The initial version of the NSP targeted mainly the largest cities, but left suburban municipalities — yet deeply affected by the foreclosures — with reduced or delayed funds. The use of estimations of foreclosures number to allocate the money, as well as the lack of cooperation between suburban local governments also participated to inefficiently allocate the NSP money, and suggests that urban policies need to be adapted to better fit the change of urban structure in the US.

Positive and instructive anti-smoking messages speak to older smokers: a focus group study.

BackgroundSmokers over the age of 45 are the only group with an increase in smoking prevalence, are the least likely to quit smoking, and bear most of the burden of tobacco-related disease. Research characterizing older adult perceptions of warning labels and anti-tobacco messages has not been reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to describe whether older smokers perceived warning labels and anti-tobacco messages as effective for the promotion of smoking cessation. A secondary aim was to explore what types of messages and message delivery formats are most relevant to older adult smokers.MethodsThis focus group study is part of a larger study to characterize older smokers’ perceptions of the risks and benefits associated with conventional and emerging tobacco products and determine the extent to which these perceptions relate to exposure to pro- and anti-tobacco messages. From April 2013 to August 2014 we conducted eight focus groups with 51 current and former smokers a focus group study in urban and suburban California. A semi-structured format about current use of conventional and emerging tobacco products was used. Participants were asked to recall and comment on examples of warning labels and anti-tobacco messages. Data were transcribed and thematically coded.ResultsWarning labels and anti-smoking messages were seen as ineffective for smoking cessation motivation among older California smokers. Positive framed anti-tobacco messages were identified as most effective. Text-only warnings were seen as ineffective due to desensitizing effects of repeated exposure. Negative messages were described as easy to ignore, and some trigger urges to smoke. Older adults are knowledgeable about the risks and health effects of smoking. However, they tend to be less knowledgeable about the benefits of cessation and may underestimate their ability to quit.ConclusionThese findings suggest that messages with a positive frame that outline immediate and long-term benefits of cessation would be an effective approach for long-term smokers.Current anti-tobacco messaging was generally not seen as effective for smoking cessation among long-term smokers.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12971-015-0027-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The Changs Next Door to the Díazes: Remapping Race in Suburban California. By Wendy Cheng. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2013. Pp. xii+285. $75.00 (cloth); $25.00 (paper).

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsThe Changs Next Door to the Díazes: Remapping Race in Suburban California. By Wendy Cheng. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2013. Pp. xii+285. $75.00 (cloth); $25.00 (paper).John IcelandJohn IcelandPennsylvania State University Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Sociology Volume 120, Number 2September 2014 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/678201 Views: 107Total views on this site For permission to reuse a book review printed in the American Journal of Sociology, please contact [email protected]PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

The Changs next door to the Diazes: remapping race in suburban California

The Changs next door to the Diazes: remapping race in suburban California

Poster 340 Patterns of Opiate Abuse in Suburban California

PM&RVolume 3, Issue 10S1 p. S291-S291 2011 AAPM&R Annual Assembly Abstract Poster 340 Patterns of Opiate Abuse in Suburban California Wai Leong Foo DO, Wai Leong Foo DO Lags Spine and Sportscare, Avila Beach, CA, United StatesSearch for more papers by this authorGloydian Cruz MD, Gloydian Cruz MD Lags Spine and Sportscare, Avila Beach, CA, United StatesSearch for more papers by this authorAndrei N. Dokukin MD, Andrei N. Dokukin MD Lags Spine and Sportscare, Avila Beach, CA, United StatesSearch for more papers by this authorAdam Ginsberg DO, Adam Ginsberg DO Lags Spine and Sportscare, Avila Beach, CA, United StatesSearch for more papers by this authorFrancis P. Lagattuta PhD, Francis P. Lagattuta PhD Lags Spine and Sportscare, Avila Beach, CA, United StatesSearch for more papers by this author Wai Leong Foo DO, Wai Leong Foo DO Lags Spine and Sportscare, Avila Beach, CA, United StatesSearch for more papers by this authorGloydian Cruz MD, Gloydian Cruz MD Lags Spine and Sportscare, Avila Beach, CA, United StatesSearch for more papers by this authorAndrei N. Dokukin MD, Andrei N. Dokukin MD Lags Spine and Sportscare, Avila Beach, CA, United StatesSearch for more papers by this authorAdam Ginsberg DO, Adam Ginsberg DO Lags Spine and Sportscare, Avila Beach, CA, United StatesSearch for more papers by this authorFrancis P. Lagattuta PhD, Francis P. Lagattuta PhD Lags Spine and Sportscare, Avila Beach, CA, United StatesSearch for more papers by this author First published: 22 October 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2011.08.368Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume3, Issue10S1September 2011Pages S291-S291 RelatedInformation

Does Emergency Medical Dispatch Priority Predict Delphi Process-Derived Levels of Prehospital Intervention?

The Medical Priority Dispatch System (MPDS) is an emergency medical dispatch system widely used to prioritize 9-1-1 calls and optimize resource allocation. This study evaluates whether the assigned priority predicts a Delphi process-derived level of prehospital intervention in each emergency medical dispatch category. All patients given a MPDS priority in a suburban California county from 2004-2006 were included. A Delphi process of emergency medical services (EMS) professionals in another system developed the following categories of prehospital treatment representing increasing acuity, which were adapted for this study: advanced life support (ALS) intervention, ALS-Stat, and ALS-Critical. The sensitivities and specificities of MPDS priority for level of prehospital intervention were determined for each MPDS category. Likelihood ratios of low and high priority dispatch codes for the level of prehospital intervention also were calculated for each MPDS category. A total of 65,268 patients met inclusion criteria, representing 61% of EMS calls during the study period. The overall sensitivities of high-priority dispatch codes for ALS, ALS-Stat, and ALS-Critical interventions were 83% (95% confidence interval 83-84%), 83% (82-84%), and 94% (92-96%). Overall specificities were: ALS, 32% (31-32%); ALS-Stat, 31% (30-31%); and ALS-Critical 28% (28-29%). Compared to calls assigned to a low priority, calls with high-priority dispatch codes were more likely to receive ALS interventions by 22%, ALS-Stat by 20%, and ALS-Critical by 32%. A low priority dispatch code decreased the likelihood of ALS interventions by 48%, ALS-Stat by 45%, and ALS-Critical by 80%. Among high-priority dispatch codes, the rates of interventions were: ALS 26%, ALS-Stat 22%, and ALS-Critical 1.5%, all of which were significantly greater than low-priority calls (p<0.05) [ALS 13%, ALS-Stat 11%, and ALS-Critical 0.2%]. Major MPDS were categories with high sensitivities (>95%) for ALS interventions included breathing problems, cardiac or respiratory arrest/death, chest pain, stroke, and unconscious/fainting; these categories had an average specificity of 3%. Medical Priority Dispatch System categories such as back pain, unknown problem, and traumatic injury had sensitivities for ALS interventions<15%. The MPDS is moderately sensitive for the Delphi process derived ALS, ALS-Stat, and ALS-Critical intervention levels, but nonspecific. A low MPDS priority is predictive of no prehospital intervention. A high priority, however, is of little predictive value for ALS, ALS-Stat, or ALS-Critical interventions.