Lanthanum Substitution Research Articles

Non-volatile magnon transport in a single domain multiferroic

Antiferromagnets have attracted significant attention in the field of magnonics, as promising candidates for ultralow-energy carriers for information transfer for future computing. The role of crystalline orientation distribution on magnon transport has received very little attention. In multiferroics such as BiFeO3 the coupling between antiferromagnetic and polar order imposes yet another boundary condition on spin transport. Thus, understanding the fundamentals of spin transport in such systems requires a single domain, a single crystal. We show that through Lanthanum (La) substitution, a single ferroelectric domain can be engineered with a stable, single-variant spin cycloid, controllable by an electric field. The spin transport in such a single domain displays a strong anisotropy, arising from the underlying spin cycloid lattice. Our work shows a pathway to understanding the fundamental origins of magnon transport in such a single domain multiferroic.

Effect of lanthanum substitution and annealing temperature on the structural and morphological properties of M-type calcium hexaferrite

To investigate the influence of annealing temperature and lanthanum substitution on the structural properties of M-type calcium hexaferrite, we prepared unsubstituted and lanthanum-substituted Ca1-xLaxFe12O19 (x = 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) powders by mean of sol–gel auto-combustion procedure, annealed between 800 °C and 1350 °C during 5 h in a rate of 180 °C per hour. XRD analysis showed that the M-type phase does not appear in the unsubstituted samples even with annealing at 1200 °C. The XRD patterns of the substituted samples contained peaks of the M-type phase with the presence of α-Fe2O3 as a secondary phase, the intensity of α-Fe2O3 decreased with increasing annealing temperature between 1200 °C and 1350 °C, and also as a function of lanthanum substitution concentration, which shows that the best lanthanum substitution concentration was x = 0.5. Lattice parameters of synthesized Ca0.5La0.5Fe12O19 align with literature results of various M-type hexaferrite. SEM micrographs of the Ca0.5La0.5Fe12O19 annealed at 1350 °C revealed that the mean and median crystallite size values were calculated to be 4.37 μm and 4.32 μm respectively.

Effect of lanthanum (La) substitution on the magnetic and electrical properties of nickel ferrites: an investigation of its doping concentrations

Abstract The structural, morphological, magnetic, and dielectric properties of lanthanum substituted nickel ferrite (NiLa x Fe2−x O4) nanoparticles have been reported in this article. The amount of lanthanum substitution in NiLa x Fe2−x O4 sample was varied from x = 0.025 to 0.125. The nanocrystalline Ni–La ferrites were synthesized using a solution combustion reaction (SCR) method. The orthorhombic crystal system of space group Pnma (62) is shown as the single-phase in all samples through structural investigation utilizing an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. The observed trend indicates a positive correlation between the concentration of La and the corresponding rise in the predicted crystallite size values, which range from 60.5 nm to 65.2 nm. The nanoscale of the surface morphology has been confirmed by the utilisation of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) mapping provides the compositional evidence for the prepared Ni–La ferrites. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) determines the ionic state of the individual atoms present in these samples. It reveals that there are no changes in the ionic state of the parent component atoms by substituting La. EDAX and XPS evidence the purity of prepared NiLa x Fe2−x O4 samples without any other impurity elements. By regulating the composition of dopants, this research can substantiate the superparamagnetic characteristics of ferrites. The paramagnetic nature of lanthanum atoms involves in reducing the coercivity value. The dielectric measurement on NiLa x Fe2−x O4 samples reveals that La3+ substitution effectively influence the electro-transport properties.

A detailed investigation of rare earth lanthanum substitution effects on the structural, morphological, vibrational, optical, dielectric and magnetic properties of Co-Zn spinel ferrites.

In this work, Co0.5Zn0.5LaxFe2-xO4 (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) spinel ferrites were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Rietveld refinement confirmed the presence of a cubic spinel structure. The crystallite size was estimated to be between 17.5nm and 26.5nm using Scherrer's method and 31.27 nm-54.52nm using the Williamson-Hall (W-H) method. Lattice constants determined from XRD and Rietveld refinement ranged from (8.440 to 8.433Å and 8.442 to 8.431Å), respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a non-uniform distribution of morphology with a decrease in particle size. The bandgap values decreased from 2.0eV to 1.68eV with increasing rare earth (La3+) doping concentration. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of functional groups and M-O vibrations. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss exhibited similar behavior across all samples. The maximum tan δ value obtained at lower frequencies. Regarding magnetic behavior, there was a decrease in magnetization from 55.84 emu/g to 22.08 emu/g and an increase in coercivity from 25.63Oe to 33.88Oe with higher doping concentrations. Based on these results, these materials exhibit promising properties for applications in microwave and energy storage devices.

Effects of Lanthanum Substitution and Annealing on Structural, Morphologic, and Photocatalytic Properties of Nickel Ferrite.

Nanoparticles of NiLaxFe2-xO4 ferrite spinel incorporated in a SiO2 matrix were synthesized via a sol-gel method, followed by annealing at 200, 500, and 800 °C. The resulting materials were characterized via XRD, AFM, and BET techniques and evaluated for photocatalytic activity. The XRD diffractograms validate the formation of a single-phase cubic spinel structure at all temperatures, without any evidence of secondary peaks. The size of crystallites exhibited a decrease from 37 to 26 nm with the substitution of Fe3+ with La3+ ions. The lattice parameters and crystallite sizes were found to increase with the rise in La3+ content and annealing temperature. Isotherms were employed to calculate the rate constants for the decomposition of malonate precursors to ferrites and the activation energy for each ferrite. All nanocomposites have pores within the mesoporous range, with a narrow dispersion of pore sizes. The impact of La content on sonophotocatalytic activity was evaluated by studying Rhodamine B degradation under visible light irradiation. The results indicate that the introduction of La enhances nanocomposite performance. The prepared Ni-La ferrites may have potential application for water decontamination.

Exploring the energy storage capacity of the Pb1−xLaxHfO3 system by composition engineering

The increasing demands on the energy storage capacity of dielectric capacitors require the exploration of suitable dielectric material systems. In the present work, Pb1−xLaxHfO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) films grown on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates were fabricated via a conventional chemical solution approach. The lanthanum substitution can result in enhanced electric breakdown strengths (EBDS) for all the compositions, varying from 2030.1 to 4162.7 kV/cm. The electrical properties and microstructure reveal that the antiferroelectric state gradually weakens or even disappears with the increase of La content. The Pb0.9La0.1HfO3 film presents an excellent energy storage performance, with recoverable energy density of 47.5 J cm−3 and energy efficiency of 60.0 %, thanks to the largest ΔP of 55.1 μC/cm2 and enhanced EBDS. Meantime, it exhibits excellent frequency and thermal stability over the studied frequency range (500 Hz-20 kHz) and wide temperature range (25–200 °C). The results shed light on that Pb0.9La0.1HfO3 film capacitor have potential for practical applications.

The structural and dielectric properties of lanthanum substituted strontium based spinel ferrites nano-materials for high frequency device applications

Lanthanum substitution on spinel Nano particles has a significant repercussion on the several features of materials. Sol–gel (auto-ignition) allowed for the substitution of the rare earth lanthanum ion (La3+) for spinel ferrite with composition SrLaxFe2-xO4 (where 0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.10). As a result of the base’s presence, the systems structural, magnetic, electrical, and magnetic properties are all modified. X-ray diffraction (XRD) assessed the structural characteristics. Using X-ray diffraction, we could determine that each sample had cubic structures. Based on electrical investigation, it can be concluded that the synthesized ferrites are semiconductors, as their direct current (dc) resistivity reduces with increasing temperature. The Curie temperature (Tc ) was lowered from 532 K to 462 K with the substitution of lanthanum ions. The values for activation energy increased from 0.24 eV to 0.38 eV when lanthanum is used as a substitute. The values of magnetization decreased from 50 eV to 27 eV as lanthanum content rose. We could see the gentleness of the material in M-H loops. All these parameters show that the prepared sample is a potential material for use in high-frequency applications.

Experimental and DFT investigation of structural and optical properties of lanthanum substituted bismuth ferrites

In this work, Bi1-xLaxFeO3 [0 ≤ x ≤ 0.08, step 0.02] was successfully prepared by the co-precipitation method. The as-synthesized samples were investigated by using XRD, SEM, FT-IR, and UV–vis spectroscopy. To get a deep insight into its properties, Density Functional Theory (DFT) was also performed. Calculations have been executed using Wien2k code by employing LDA + U. XRD patterns revealed hexagonal perovskite structure with R3c space group having average crystallite size from 19 to 39 nm. Rietveld refinement was also performed to identify the different phases presented. SEM results showed a spherical-like morphology. UV–vis spectroscopy results showed that the energy band gap decreased by increasing lanthanum substitution. DFT calculations revealed optical absorption onsets of 2 eV, 2.1 eV, 1.98 eV and 1.86 eV for Bi1-xLaxFeO3 samples for pure and substituted bismuth ferrite were in good agreement with experimental results. Because of these qualities, these materials are excellent candidates for various applications including electromagnetic attenuation, switching and microwave devices.

Effect of La3+ substitution on structural, microstructure, magnetic properties, and microwave absorbing ability of yttrium iron garnet

Synthesis and characterization of lanthanum-doped yttrium iron garnet (YIG) in the compositional series of Y(3-x)La(x)Fe5O12 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) were carried out. All compositions were made by using solid state reaction method with ball-milling technique. The phase formation, surface morphology, magnetic properties, and microwave absorbing ability of all compositions were characterized by using X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, vibrating sample magnetometer, and Vector network analyzer. The results reveal that all compositions are crystallized into Y3Fe5O12 phase (space group Ia-3d (230). It was observed that the lattice constant is increased from 1.2373 to 1.2421 nm with the increase of lanthanum substitution level from x = 0.0 to 0.5. The crystallite size of Y(3-x)La(x)Fe5O12 series calculated by Scherrer method is found to decrease from 78 nm in x = 0.0 to 63 nm in x = 0.5. The particle size distribution from the surface morphology image analysis is shifted to lower-range number with the increase of lanthanum substitution level from x = 0.0 to 0.5. The substitution process also affects the lattice distortion in La-doped samples and changes the bond angles and bond lengths of the YIG structure. As the results, a linear correlation between the Fe'–O–Fe bond angle with magnetic properties parameters of saturation magnetization (Ms) and remanence magnetization (Mr) was studied. Due to the lanthanum substitution process, all La3+-doped samples possess higher Ms and Mr values compared to the original composition. The results of Vector network analyzer show that the improvement of the Ms and Mr plays an important role in enhancing the microwave absorbing ability of the materials. The minimum RL changed from –8.22 dB (∼ 85.22% microwave absorption) in x = 0.0 to -14.21 dB (∼ 96.25% microwave absorption) in x = 0.5. The enhancement mainly ascribed to the natural magnetic resonance loss and dipole-polarization loss due to the substitution process. The decreasing particle size also enhanced the microwave absorbing ability of the La-doped samples via multiple-reflections mechanism.

Characterization of Ruddlesden-Popper La2−xBaxNiO4±δ Nickelates as Potential Electrocatalysts for Solid Oxide Cells

Ruddlesden-Popper La2-xBaxNiO4±δ (x = 0-1.1) nickelates were prepared by a glycine-nitrate combustion route combined with high-temperature processing and evaluated for potential application as electrocatalysts for solid oxide cells and electrochemical NOx elimination. The characterization included structural, microstructural and dilatometric studies, determination of oxygen nonstoichiometry, measurements of electrical conductivity and oxygen permeability, and assessment of chemical compatibility with other materials. The formation range of phase-pure solid solutions was found to be limited to x = 0.5. Exceeding this limit leads to the co-existence of the main nickelate phase with low-melting Ba- and Ni-based secondary phases responsible for a strong reactivity with Pt components in experimental cells. Acceptor-type substitution of lanthanum by barium in La2-xBaxNiO4+δ is charge-compensated by decreasing oxygen excess, from δ ≈ 0.1 for x = 0 to nearly oxygen-stoichiometric state for x = 0.5 at 800 °C in air, and generation of electron-holes (formation of Ni3+). This leads to an increase in p-type electronic conductivity (up to ~80 S/cm for highly porous La1.5Ba0.5NiO4+δ ceramics at 450-900 °C) and a decline of oxygen-ionic transport. La2-xBaxNiO4+δ (x = 0-0.5) ceramics exhibit moderate thermal expansion coefficients, 13.8-14.3 ppm/K at 25-1000 °C in air. These ceramic materials react with yttria-stabilized zirconia at 700 °C with the formation of an insulating La2Zr2O7 phase but show good chemical compatibility with BaZr0.85Y0.15O3-δ solid electrolyte.

Hole polarons in LaFeO3 and La1−xSrxFeO3−δ : Stability, trapping, mobility, effect of Sr concentration, and oxygen vacancies

The stability, trapping, and mobility of electron holes are investigated in lanthanum ferrite ${\mathrm{LaFeO}}_{3}$, and in ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{FeO}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ ($x\ensuremath{\approx}0.1$, 0.4, and 0.6) by hybrid-density-functional and density-functional-$\mathrm{theory}+U$ calculations. In pure ${\mathrm{LaFeO}}_{3}$, the electron hole is more stable under a localized (polaronic) form than under a delocalized form, the energy difference (self-trapping energy) lies between $\ensuremath{\approx}\ensuremath{-}0.3$ and $\ensuremath{-}0.4$ eV. This self-trapped hole polaron is not strictly localized on a single Fe atom: instead, it occupies a quantum state made of a $3d$ orbital of a Fe atom, strongly hybridized with $2p$ orbitals of four neighboring oxygens. The hole polaron is thus localized on five atoms (among which one single Fe), which can be described as the ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{3+}$ oxidation into ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{4+}$. Electron hole transport results from the combination of onsite reorientations and hoppings, with energy barriers estimated at $\ensuremath{\approx}0.01--0.20$ eV and $0.3--0.4$ eV, respectively. The aliovalent substitution of lanthanum by strontium in ${\mathrm{LaFeO}}_{3}$ induces the presence of localized electron holes, preserving the insulating character of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{FeO}}_{3}$, regardless of the studied Sr concentration. The formation energy of the oxygen vacancy in ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{FeO}}_{3}$ ($x\ensuremath{\approx}0.1$ and 0.4) is estimated at $\ensuremath{\approx}+0.8$ eV. This value is here successfully used to quantify the evolution of defect concentration as a function of the oxygen partial pressure.

Valence and magnetism in EuPd3S4 and (Y,La)xEu1−xPd3S4

The double Dirac candidate EuPd${}_{3}$S${}_{4}$ appears to exhibit a roughly 50:50 mixture of Eu${}^{2+}$ and Eu${}^{3+}$. Substituting yttrium rapidly drives the remaining europium divalent, whereas lanthanum has the opposite effect. Analysis shows that average site volumes play a dominant role in the valence distribution suggesting that local strains matter more than electron count. Remarkably, lanthanum substitution also promotes valence instability leading to the appearance of intermediate valence ``Eu${}^{2.5+}$'', the fraction of which increases with both lanthanum content and temperature. Extrapolation of the onset temperature to zero lanthanum predicts ${T}_{\text{onset}}$ \ensuremath{\sim} 340 K matching recent reports of a structural transition attributed to a loss of valence order.

Magnetic characteristics adjustment through rare-earth lanthanum substitution in mechanically alloyed yttrium iron garnet nanoparticles

Magnetic characteristics adjustment through rare-earth lanthanum substitution in mechanically alloyed yttrium iron garnet nanoparticles

Study of the effect of lanthanum and cerium doping combination on magnetic properties of M-type hexaferrite oxide permanent magnets

A study has been carried out on the effect of combination of Lanthanum and Cerium doping on the magnetic properties of M-Type hexaferrite permanent magnet oxide. The research was conducted using the wet mechanical milling method. The research materials used were Fe2O3, BaCO3, La2O3, and CeO2, all of which were of high purity 99.9%. This research also uses technical materials such as Ethanol and Nitrogen. Stoichiometric calculations were carried out to calculate the composition of the mixture of each ingredient. The combination of Lanthanum and Cerium substitution was varied with the composition of the doping ion concentration (x = 0 – 0.5 and y = 0 – 0.1). Permagraph characterization was carried out to determine the magnetic properties of each test sample. Results based on the permagraph characterization, the properties of M-type hexaferrite permanent magnets increased with the increase in the doping ion concentration in the sample. The presence of doping ions that have a magnetic moment is strongly suspected to contribute to the interaction of the type and the total moment in the M- type hexaferrite structure.

Tuning Cu-Content La1-xSrxNi1-yCuyO3-δ with Strontium Doping as Cobalt-Free Cathode Materials for High-Performance Anode-Supported IT-SOFCs.

Cu-content La1-xSrxNi1-yCuyO3-δ perovskites with A-site strontium doping have been tuned as cobalt-free cathode materials for high-performance anode-supported SOFCs, working at an intermediate-temperature range. All obtained oxides belong to the R-3c trigonal system, and phase transitions from the R-3c space group to a Pm-3m simple perovskite have been observed by HT-XRD studies. The substitution of lanthanum with strontium lowers the phase transition temperature, while increasing the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) and oxygen non-stoichiometry δ of the studied materials. The thermal expansion is anisotropic, and TEC values are similar to commonly used solid electrolytes (e.g., 14.1 × 10-6 K-1 for La0.95Sr0.05Ni0.5Cu0.5O3-δ). The oxygen content of investigated compounds has been determined as a function of temperature. All studied materials are chemically compatible with GDC-10 but react with LSGM and 8YSZ electrolytes. The anode-supported SOFC with a La0.95Sr0.05Ni0.5Cu0.5O3-δ cathode presents an excellent power density of 445 mW·cm-2 at 650 °C in humidified H2. The results indicate that La1-xSrxNi1-yCuyO3-δ perovskites with strontium doping at the A-site can be qualified as promising cathode candidates for anode-supported SOFCs, yielding promising electrochemical performance in the intermediate-temperature range.

Oxygen Vacancy‐Rich La0.5Sr1.5Ni0.9Cu0.1O4–δ as a High‐Performance Bifunctional Catalyst for Symmetric Ammonia Electrolyzer

AbstractIn this study, strontium and copper dual‐doped La2NiO4 annealed in Ar (La0.5Sr1.5Ni0.9Cu0.1O4‐δ‐Ar, LSNC‐Ar) with K2NiF4 structure is strategically designed as an ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) bifunctional catalyst for high‐efficiency ammonia electrolysis. The selective substitution of lanthanum with high content strontium improves the electronic conductivity and increases the oxygen vacancy concentration. Doping of Cu into the B‐site of the perovskite induces a synergistic interplay of Ni and Cu, leading to excellent AOR activity. Due to the excellent AOR and HER activity of doped La2NiO4, a symmetric ammonia electrolyzer based on LSNC‐Ar (SAE‐LSNC‐Ar) is assembled and investigated for the removal of ammonia. In addition, the performance of the SAE is comparable to the ammonia electrolyzer based on a PtIr/C anode and Pt/C cathode at low voltage. This is the first report using an oxide with the K2NiF4 structure as an efficient AOR catalyst. The assembled SAE‐LSNC‐Ar shows ≈95% ammonia removal efficiency in real landfill leachate, which is the highest among electrochemical removal of ammonia in landfill leachate. This study paves an attractive route to explore materials with the K2NiF4 structure as highly efficient AOR/HER bifunctional catalysts for the electrolysis of ammonia.

The effect of lanthanum substitution on the structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties of nanocrystalline Mn-Ni spinel ferrite for radio frequency (RF) applications

The Sol-gel auto-combustion method is used to synthesize nanocrystalline Mn-Ni spinel ferrites substituted with lanthanum. The crystallite size of the samples decreases from 29.16 nm to 19.98 nm as La+3 ions are added. The saturation magnetization ranges between 54.13 and 69.19 emu/g, and the coercivity ranges from 33.56 to 62.00 Oe. Thus, they could be used in electromagnets and in suppression of electromagnetic noise as soft magnetic materials. The dielectric constant of the specimens decreases with the addition of La+3 ions. Therefore, the La-doped samples with low dielectric constant can be employed in radio frequency equipment. The substituted ferrites have high resistivity and saturation magnetization, which leads to high power density and low power loss in the inductors, contributing to energy savings.

A detailed investigation of lanthanum substituted bismuth ferrite for enhanced structural, optical, dielectric, magnetic and ferroelectric properties

Lanthanum substituted bismuth ferrites (Bi1-xLaxFeO3) (x = 0.0, 0.015, 0.03, 0.045 and 0.06) was successfully synthesized by using co-precipitation method. Rare earth substitution in bismuth ferrites enhanced the leakage current which is one of the problems faced by the pure bismuth ferrites. The prepared samples were investigated by XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, FT-IR, UV–vis spectroscopy, BET, LCR for dielectric measurements, VSM for magnetic properties and ferroelectric for electric polarization. XRD pattern showed that the structure of bismuth ferrite was rhombohedral distorted perovskite structure of space group R3c and average crystallite size was determined to increase (19 nm to 35 nm) with increase in lanthanum concentration. Morphology of SEM images was found to be spherical shape. TEM shows average particle size increases from 35 nm to 50 nm. Metal-oxide bonds at 440 cm−1 and 539 cm−1 in IR spectra confirmed the perovskite structure of bismuth ferrites. UV–visible spectroscopy revealed that energy band gap decreased by increasing the Lanthanum concentration. BET shows the surface area increased from 4.79 m2/g to 9.03 m2/g. Dielectric constant increases by increasing the lanthanum concentration. AC conductivity showed maximum value at higher frequency nearly equal to 11 Ω cm−1. Electric modulus gradually increased by increasing frequency which was equal to 4.2 k Ω. Magnetic susceptibility increased by increasing the concentration and maximum value 0.008 cm3/g was observed for (x = 0.06). Magnetization (Ms), remanence (Mr), polarization (Pr) increased whereas coercivity decreased with increasing lanthanum substitution. Such properties make these materials as potential candidates for microwave devices and electromagnetic shielding application.

Effect of lanthanum substitution on structural, magnetic, and electric properties of Ni–Zn–Co ferrites for radio frequency and microwave devices

In this study, Ni0.55Zn0.3Co0.15LaxFe2−xO4 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) ferrite ceramics with low magnetic loss and high resonant frequency were prepared. As La3+ ion content was increased, the real part of the dielectric constant (ε′) and dielectric loss was greatly reduced. The DC resistivity was as high as 4.5 × 106 Ω m (x = 0.15). The saturation magnetization (Ms) reduced from 76.1 to 58.4 emu/g, the coercivity (Hc) increased from 42.3 to 58.1 Oe, and the magnetic quality factor (Q) increased by 33%. More importantly, the resonance frequency of the La3+-substituted ferrite samples also increased with increasing La3+ ion content. The peak frequency of Q increased from 60 to 368 MHz, which is 7–10 times higher than that of other ferrites. In general, the substitution of Ni–Zn–Co ferrite with rare earth La3+ ions broaden the application of ferrite ceramics in the field of radio frequency and microwave devices.

Formula omitted] perovskites as electrode materials for SOFCs

In this work, the Pechini method was used to synthesize La0.7−xLnxCa0.3MnO3,(Ln=ProrSm)-La1−xLnxCa0.3MnO3 type perovskites, evaluating the effect of the type of cation and composition on the structural, morphological and textural properties. The use of similar rare earth cations was studied to promote weak bonds between the reactive surface and adsorbed oxygen species that could facilitate the oxygen reduction reaction and thus improve electrochemical performance of SOFC devices. To achieve this goal, different compositions of Pr or Sm ions (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 or 0.6) were used for the partial substitution of lanthanum at the A site. The results indicated that the substitution of La by Pr or Sm did not modify the original orthorhombic perovskite structure of Ca-doped lanthanum manganites. However, a shift in the main reflections can be obtained as the content of both cations increases due to cell distortion. Rietveld refinement confirms that the crystal structure belongs to the Pnma space group with a large distortion along the b-axis but no secondary phase formation. The compensated charge neutrality of the Mn3+/Mn4+ ratio influences the octahedral sites of MnO6 and cell volume. Orthorhombic distortion (c2<a<b) occurs through Jahn-Teller mechanism promoting a hole-doped system for electrical conductivity. The adsorption-desorption isotherms reveal that in any composition of Pr, a mesoporous isotherm (type IV) is obtained. In contrast, the isotherms changed from micro- to meso-porous features depending on the amount of Sm substitution at the A-site. All the prepared samples showed a soft granular structure with agglomerates ranging between 200 and 300 nm with well-interconnected pores. Comparing the La substitution by Pr or Sm, it was found that Sm can form perovskites that can better promote oxygen vacancies and triple boundary phase formation, which is essential in SOFC devices.