Substantive Analysis Research Articles

Training of Applicants for Education in the Specialty 061 Journalism in Higher Education Institutions of Ukraine: Between Universalism and Specialization

Introduction. Both in the professional and academic environment, there is an opinion about the crisis state of journalism education and the need for its reform. In the course of the discussion of the further development of journalism education, the issue of universalism and specialization is also raised. Relevance and purpose of the study. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to improve the quality of journalism education in Ukrainian universities on the basis of healthy competition of educational programs (EPs) that contain elements of uniqueness, one of which can be specialization. The purpose of the study is to find out the real state of the relationship between universalism and specialization in the approaches to the training of higher education seekers at the first (bachelor) and second (master) levels of higher education in the universities of Ukraine in the specialty 061 Journalism. Methodology. Typological and statistical analysis of data from the Single State Electronic Database on Education (SSEDE) for 2023 and its visualization in diagrams, as well as analysis of selected EPs regarding the representation of their uniqueness, the ratio of universal and specialized educational components. The methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization are used to interpret the research results. The results. The analysis of educational offers by level of education and their quantitative ratio by individual areas of activity (journalism, advertising and public relations, publishing and editing, etc.) revealed a paradoxical situation: with a small number of branch specializations, the majority of educational offers at the bachelor’s level and a significant number at the master’s level (36%) is offered by branch universities. A substantive analysis of EPs, which were called “Journalism” and were offered by branch-based universities, showed the absence of branch specialization in the vast majority of educational offers. The analysis of EP names showed that, for the most part, they do not show uniqueness at the level of names. Conclusions. The predominant trend in the training of specialists in the specialty 061 Journalism is universalism, which was revealed both at the level of titles of EPs and at the level of their content. This situation i snot healthy, because it is EPs that must compete on the market of educational services, which is possible under the condition of their uniqueness, both at the level of titles and at the level of the proposed content.

Digital competence of the future accompanist-pianist in the conditions of distance learning: an essential analysis of the concept

This article is devoted to the study of the concept of "digital competence" in the context of the future concertmaster-pianist in the conditions of distance learning. The article provides a substantive analysis of the concept of "digital competence" and describes the main components of this concept. The authors investigate what digital skills and knowledge a future concertmaster-pianist needs to successfully perform professional tasks in the conditions of distance learning. In particular, the article considers such aspects as working with specialized software, using online resources for searching and analyzing information, the ability to cooperate and communicate with other musicians and specialists. The findings of the study may be useful for future concertmaster pianists who seek to develop their digital skills and knowledge to enhance their professional opportunities in today's music industry. In summary, digital competence is essential for accompanist-pianists in the conditions of distance learning. Piano education is actively developing in the format of online learning, which expands the possibilities of theoretical knowledge and practical skills of students regardless of place and time while having high efficiency. A study aimed to ascertain what competencies professional accompanists and accompanying teachers deem sufficiently important to have found that digital competence is one of the essential competencies for piano accompanying. A study investigated the effect of online teaching and individualized instruction in piano lessons. A paper suggests new learning approaches to interactive piano instruction. Online piano education, individualized online instruction, and interactive piano teaching are some of the ways in which digital competence is being applied in piano education.

Методы предметной аналитики в высшем образовании как факторы формирования компетенций профессорско-преподавательского состава

The subject of the study is the mechanisms of applying the methods of subject analysis in the higher education system of Russia in the context of the digitalization of the economy. World experience has shown that information technology contributes to progress in various fields, including the substantive analysis of economic processes. The use of digital innovation tools is an important factor in improving the educational process, forming the competencies of the teaching staff and ensuring the global competitiveness of Russian higher education, taking into account Vladimir Putin's Messages to the Federal Assembly dated February 29, 2024. The purpose of the work is to identify the main directions and methods of subject analysis as a driver for the formation of an analytical approach to decision—making that contribute to the successful work of university graduates in the field of industrial policy implementation; expansion of reproductive processes; development of the sphere of servants, trade and other areas of professional activity in the digital environment of reproductive processes. The definition of subject analytics is given. The methods of systematization of information are considered. It is concluded that the key methods of subject analysis have a universal character, which includes determining the purpose of obtaining the necessary data, their list, scope of application; data collection and purification; their visualization and quantitative analysis. The expansion of students' practical work in the digital environment and their acquisition of subject analysis competencies within the framework of educational programs of higher education in Russia is an important area of academic work directly related to the ability to correctly use information, analytical tools and methods in order to solve important problems of economic development of the Russian Federation.

Feyerabend and Decolonisation

The last decade has seen a dramatic increase in literature on decolonisation of knowledge. The impression often given in recent literature is of wholesale neglect of the concerns of the decolonisation literature in what might be called ‘Western thought’ of preceding decades. This paper argues that Feyerabend was a notable figure within Western epistemic communities who expressed positions analogous to those of proponents of decolonisation. The first section presents the most striking contributions from Feyerabend’s work that, I suggest, bear on questions of decolonisation. Four specific issues are identified based on those: the curriculum and the role of universities; the inspirational role of student protests; the concept of ‘epistemicide’; and, indigenous knowledge systems. The second section suggests a range of limitations of, and weaknesses in, Feyerabend’s analysis: no substantive engagement with history or literature on decolonisation; implicitly accepting the Сclaimed inherent association of science, rationalism and various forms of modernity with Western countries and cultures; the (rhetorical) construction of an unnecessary binary choice between science and traditional knowledge systems; underplaying agency through a form of othering; creating an unnecessarily stark binary of Western science and non-Western indigenous knowledge; and, as a consequence of all these, providing no substantive analysis of how science might be integrated with other knowledge systems and cultures. The concluding section provides a brief summary and identifies areas for future work.

Рукопись князя С. И. Шаховского из собрания российской государственной библиотеки: содержательный анализ

Introduction. The article is a brief substantive analysis of the handwritten collection of works by Prince Semen Shakhovskoy. The collection consists of several dozen works of various genres, including historical, hymnographic, religious and philosophical, etc. The relevance of text analysis lies in obtaining a more complete understanding of the development of events of the period under study to which the manuscript belongs, including the Time of Troubles, through the restoration of biography and eyewitness testimony. Materials and methods. The main source of the work was a manuscript dating from 1652 from the collections of the Russian State Library, as well as its alleged copy (F. 173.1 No. 213 and No. 214). When writing the article, the following methods were used: the biographical method gave a clearer understanding of the life path and personality characteristics of Shakhovskoy; the paleographic method allowed to determine the distinctive features of the manuscript itself; the descriptive method allowed to reveal its content and classify the presented works. This classification is proposed for the first time. Results. The author managed to identify 5 types of texts in the collection: prayer, theological, hymnographic, historical and epistolary (epistles). An indication is also made of the preservation of authorship and the formation of a corpus of works for the memory of subsequent generations. This tradition, in many ways, was laid down by Maxim the Greek, references to whose works are in the Shakhovsky manuscript. Conclusion. Prince and voivode Shakhovskoy devoted his whole life to public service, but he gained the main fame thanks to the works that became historical and literary property. The collection under study does not contain all the works of Shakhovskoy known to researchers, but probably those that were of the greatest value to the author.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AS A FACTOR FOR IMPROVING THE TRAINING OF MODERN TEACHERS

The article analyzes developments in improving the training of modern teachers, considers the concept of «quality of education». Emphasis is placed on the fact that a modern specialist in the field of professional education must have a system of developed skills and abilities for the introduction of information technologies into the educational process to improve the assessment of the quality of education. An interpretation of the concept of «information technology» is provided. The author notes that due to the growth of information flows, the use of new pedagogical technologies, the need to meet the needs of personal and professional development of teachers, who are sometimes not fully prepared for the introduction of innovations in the educational process. This leads to certain difficulties in professional activities, including: organization of project and research activities of education seekers; development and implementation of methodical models, technologies and methods; analysis of the results of the educational process and their further use during the design of pedagogical activities; study, generalization and creative use of advanced pedagogical experience. It is noted that the structure of the readiness of future teachers of professional education includes the following components: motivational component as a set of motives adequate to the goals and tasks of pedagogical activity; a content component related to the cognitive sphere of a person and constitutes a system of knowledge necessary for productive pedagogical activity; operational component − a set of abilities and skills of practical problem solving in the process of pedagogical activity. a substantive analysis of the above definitions shows that there are currently two most distinct approaches to the definition of educational information technology. It is noted that in the first case, it is proposed to consider it as a didactic process, organized using a set of fundamentally new means and methods of data processing introduced into the education system, representing the purposeful creation, transmission, preservation, and display of information products with the lowest costs and in accordance with the laws of cognitive activity education seekers. In the second case, we are talking about the creation of a certain technical learning environment, in which information technologies occupy an important place.

USE OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION BY PUBLIC RELATIONS PRACTITIONERS AND ITS REPRESENTATION IN ETHICAL CODES

Although ethical behaviour today is an essential part of Public Relations, in the short and intensive development of the profession and the period of professionalisation, Public Relations practitioners are faced increasingly with ethical dilemmas in their daily work for different organisations. At the same time, ethical behaviour is increasingly desirable and required, therefore, inclusion of practitioners in professional associations is crucial, as these have a significant impact on the actions of their members through their activities. In this study we analyse the contents of 30 national ethical codes of Public Relations associations, in order to verify how they regulate the protection and use of confidential information within their business communication. Based on the analysis of ethical codes, the paper identifies areas that relate directly or indirectly to the use and protection of confidential information of communication experts. With the substantive analysis, the definition of terms and categories, with a schematic representation, we have filled the gap in this area significantly, as the concept of confidentiality is treated holistically. Keywords: ethical codes, confidential sources, public relations, media sources, ethics.

Accounting for the specificities of sport in EU law: Old and new directions in the 21 December 2023 judgments

This article reflects on sport interests as accounted for by the European Court of Justice in the three judgments delivered on the 21st of December 2023: Case C-333/21 European Superleague Company SL v FIFA, UEFA, Case C-680/21 UL, SA Royal Antwerp Football Club v URBSFA, UEFA and Case C-124/21 P International Skating Union v Commission. In the cases, the Court does not treat sport as a special interest that would justify excluding the application of European Union (EU) substantive law to the situations at hand. Rather, the Court adopts a strict reading of Article 165 TFEU as a provision that does not shield the sport sector from the application of EU law. However, the paper demonstrates that the Court does recognise the particularities of sport and accounts for them in the application of EU free movement and competition law. This is especially when characterising rules as object or effect restrictions, but also when exploring the defence under Article 102 TFEU, the justifications under Article 101(3) TFEU as well as under free movement law. The Court guides and encourages the referring courts to pay attention to the specific content of the rules and the context in which they are implemented. The Court thereby follows the traditional assessment of a measure and its context under EU substantive law while devoting great attention to the specific characteristics of the sport sector in its substantive analysis.

Towards Intelligent Automation (IA): Literature Review on the Evolution of Robotic Process Automation (RPA), its Challenges, and Future Trends

Abstract Robotic Process Automation (RPA) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration offer great potential for the future of corporate automation and increased productivity. RPA rapidly evolves into Intelligent Process Automation (IPA) by incorporating advanced technologies and capabilities beyond simple task automation. The paper aims to identify the organisational, technological, and human-centred challenges that companies face in transitioning from RPA to IPA. The research process involved conducting the scientific literature search using the ResearchRabbit AI tool, which provided a set of reference papers relevant to the formulated research questions. As a result of the conducted literature review, the authors identified key challenges and possible countermeasures for companies transitioning from RPA to IPA. The resulting collection of reference scientific articles formed the basis for this study’s content and substantive analysis. Furthermore, this study contributes by identifying artificial intelligence techniques and algorithms, such as Natural Language Processing (NLP), Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), predictive analytics, and others, that can be integrated with RPA to facilitate the transition to IPA. The paper also offers insights into potential future research areas.

MODELS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP QUALITIES IN STUDENT YOUTH: DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENC

The article reveals the topical problem of shaping the leadership qualities in student youth, educating potential leaders who can quickly and purposefully integrate into society, solve social and industrial issues and manage groups and innovative projects. It has emphasised the relevance of the problem of modelling the development of youth leadership and the study and adaptation of domestic and international experience in this area. It has been defined that the vast majority of existing conceptual approaches concern the leadership of adults, skilled professionals, and the business sphere. The purpose of the article is to review the conceptual ideas and theories that form the basis of models for the formation of leadership qualities in student youth, as well as identification of the work system for training leaders in educational institutions of various levels. The study uses the methods of substantive, retrospective, comparative and definitional analysis, synthesis of principal ideas regarding youth leadership development, as well as generalization and specification of the best experience of modelling the formation of leadership qualities in student youth. Current theories underlying the investigation of the youth leadership phenomenon have been considered, among which are the Trait Theory and the Great Person Theory, Theories of resonant, proactive, emotional, charismatic, democratic, transformational, situational, participative, servant leadership, and whatever. It has been found out that all existing programs for effective leader development are based on a single humanistic concept that a leader is, first of all, an individual who, guided primarily by higher spiritual needs, strives for self-realization. It has been claimed that leadership qualities include both individual and psychological personality traits, as well as those which determine productive relationships arising in the group interaction process. Several psychological, pedagogical and complex models for the formation of leadership qualities in student youth, developed in Ukraine and abroad, have been revealed. The models presented in the article are based on the author’s concepts, which, at the same time, have common features in the organization of purposeful training and self-study of pupils / students to develop so-called soft skills in them, the formation of leader attitude, leader competency, leader behaviour and teamwork experience. The peculiarities of educational disciplines, classroom and extracurricular work, student self-government and socially and energetic civil activities during the formation of leadership qualities in student youth at the level of an educational institution have been characterized. Examples of the development of youth leadership by organizations at the regional, all-Ukrainian, and international levels have been given. It has been pointed out that most models of leadership development have several common features, namely: a) emphasis on both academic knowledge and personal development of leadership qualities of pupils / students; b) ensuring a high level of interaction in the “teacher-student” and “student-student” systems; c) experiential learning; d) reflective learning; e) collaborative learning; e) creation of a comfortable and emotionally rich educational environment; f) activation of study and cognitive activities of pupils/students via project activities and networking; g) operating the mutual evaluation and feedback. It has been concluded that each of the analysed models of leadership formation provides students with valuable opportunities to shape leadership skills and apply them in the real world, increasing their personal and professional development.

FACTORS OF SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION AND ANXIETY OF REFUGEES DURING THE WAR

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the problem of anxiety, the tendency of a person to experience anxiety, which is connected with the premonition of real or imagined danger. The purpose of the article is to review and analyse the factors of socio-psychological adaptation and anxiety of refugees in terms of war, as well as psychological techniques to develop in them a new attitude to stress reactions as a resource that can strengthen immunity to traumatization. The study used the methods of terminological, substantive and statistical analysis in determining the content and essence of anxiety as a state and process of experiencing, as well as modelling and projecting methods to find factors of social and psychological adaptation and reducing the level of anxiety of refugees during the war. It has been emphasized that anxiety is an individual psychological feature reflecting an increased tendency to feel alarm in various life situations, in particular those that do not objectively foresee this. Common and distinctive features between anxiety and alarm have been identified. In the structure of anxiety, cognitive, emotional and operational components have been found and described, among which the dominant position is occupied by an emotional response to an unfavourable life situation. It has been shown that anxiety is divided into two main categories: covert and overt. It has been pointed out that there is a connection between the state of alarm and the strength of the individual’s nervous system. Assumptions are expressed regarding the inverse correlation of the strength and sensitivity of the subject’s nervous system. The analysis of scientific research has shown that anxiety enables an individual to respond to a threatening situation adaptively. Anxiety also changes the nature of the behaviour, leads to increased behavioural activity, encourages more intense and purposeful efforts, and thereby performs an adaptive function. It has been emphasized that if the anxiety is intense and long-lasting, it prevents the formation of adaptive behaviour and leads to violations of behavioural integration, and sometimes to clinically expressed disorders of the psyche and behaviour. Peculiarities of the person’s psychological states in terms of war events have been analysed. It is argued that the most important self-preservation strategy is to change the subject’s attitude to war traumatization. A person should know that it is not at all necessary to become a victim of life’s trials, that not every stress causes post-traumatic disorders, and that stress energy can be transformed and used effectively. It has been established that a new attitude to stress reactions as a resource strengthens immunity to trauma and promotes post-traumatic growth. It has been noted that adaptation and the ability to adapt is a prerequisite for the future active and productive activity of an individual in any sphere of life. When a person feels free and comfortable (adapted), they perform both their social and professional roles well, which is very important in the process of social interaction both during education and in later life. Adaptation is divided into external and internal, and such types of adaptation are distinguished as pedagogical, professional, social, biological, and psychological ones. Factors have been clarified, and external and internal criteria of psychological and pedagogical adaptation have been distinguished. At the same time, it has been concluded that socio-psychological adaptation to the conditions of a military conflict occurs as an adaptation to a socially tense, constantly changing environment. Therefore, it is important to shift the emphasis from the state of adaptation to the properties of adaptability of the individual and the community, which are associated with such constructs as resilience, psychological resilience, and group efficiency.

METHODS FORORGANIZATION OFCONTEXTUALTRAININGOFFUTUREGEOGRAPHYTEACHERS

The study examines the issues of improving future geography teachers’ professional training through contextual learning; it emphasizes the practicality of conceptual changes in terms of the transition from post-industrial to information society and forced distance interaction. The purpose of the article is to study the features and determine the crucial principles, approaches, stages and technologies of organizing contextual learning for future geography teachers as an organic part of their professional training. Several research methods were used to achieve the goal, including the method of comparative, substantive and reflective analysis of primary sources, advanced domestic and foreign experience, modelling, systematization and concretization of known approaches in the organization of contextual learning of future geography teachers. As a result of the review of scientific literature, the presence of two concepts of contextual learning, which are used in foreign and domestic educational practice, has been revealed. The first model of Contextual Teaching and Learning proposes the involvement of students in the learning process using real, personally meaningful situations and contexts that reflect the application of knowledge and skills in everyday life. The second is A. Verbytskyi’s model of Symbolic-Contextual Learning focusing on the assimilation of the professional context by future specialists and presuming the introduction of study material to the scope of future professional activity. It has been pointed out that both models emphasize the importance of the context in the assimilation of effective knowledge and the formation of competence in their application in practice. While the Symbolic-Contextual Learning model is mostly focused on preparing for the future professional activity of a specialist with a higher education level, the Contextual Teaching and Learning one covers a wider application of contexts in the study process of educational institutions of various levels. The content and essence of subject and social contexts for future geography teachers and the ways of their creation in the process of bachelor’s professional training have been revealed. The principles and approaches which the technology of contextual learning in the higher pedagogical school is based on have been clarified; the stages (educational activities of the academic type, quasi-professional and study-professional activities), the leading models of contextual learning (semiotic, imitative and social ones), methods, forms and techniques that are most appropriate at each of the stages have been described. The educational and professional training program for bachelors in the speciality 014.07 Secondary education (Geography) at the Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University has been analysed; its meaningfulness, efficiency and effectiveness in achieving the program learning outcomes planned by the Standard have been emphasised. It has been claimed that the method of contextual learning is based on student-centred and competency-based approaches and includes: the problem-searching nature of students’ educational activities, the use of collaborative learning technologies, ICT and digital technologies, the involvement of external stakeholders, the creation of emotional and moral situations, and the introduction of practice-oriented and interdisciplinary approaches, reflective and analytical assessment. It has been concluded that the integration of traditional and innovative approaches, and the introduction of contextual learning will allow future geography teachers not only to deeper learn the theoretical aspects of geographical and pedagogical sciences but also to skilfully apply them in real life and professional situation.

IMPLEMENTATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INSTITUTIONS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

The article covers the theoretical, methodical and practical aspects of the implementation of information technologies in vocational education and training. The purpose of the article is to find factors for improving the educational process, management, methods and information work via the introduction of information/information and communication technologies in institutions of vocational and technical education. The following methods were used in the research process: theoretical and substantive analysis of primary sources and advanced pedagogical experience, analysis, generalization and systematization of scientific approaches in the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process of vocational education institutions, as well as methods of modelling and designing the “Teacher’s Road Map”. It has been established that information/information and communication technologies in vocational education are an important area of activity of an educational institution and a tool for increasing the teacher’s productivity. It has been found out that the pedagogical terms contributing to the effectiveness of the use of information technologies in vocational education institutions are a high level of information culture of teachers and students; implementation of innovative technologies including information and communication pedagogical ones based on subject-subject interaction; ensuring the reflection of the subjects of the educational process, their capability of adequate self-assessment of their personality. A virtual road map for the teacher has been developed as an electronic public resource (for example, a website). The map shows all mandatory points and routes that a teacher should take during educational activities in a vocational education institution. The main directions in the teacher’s virtual road map which are consistent with the similar ones of the teacher’s activity in a real educational situation are defined. The virtual road map covers educational and methodical work, has a hyperlink to the plan of methodical work of the cycle commission for the year, a hyperlink to methodical manuals or guides on the organization work in a vocational education institution; provides teachers with system suggestions and hyperlinks to electronic educational resources; a hyperlink to cloud storage for downloading documents for advanced training courses or internships; certificates, diplomas regarding participation in scientific and methodical events and self-education; a hyperlink to the cloud storage for uploading planning documents and methodological developments for review and approval. The virtual road map is differentiated by subject area which allows for providing meaningful instructions to occupational safety teachers, road safety teachers, industrial training masters, and teachers of special disciplines. The result of the research is the development of a meaningful module “Digital technologies in education: cloud services, online platforms for the creation of an educational environment by the teacher and the improvement of the qualifications of the pedagogical staff of the vocational educational institution.” It has been concluded that due to the testing of the information educational environment model at the Kostyantyniv Higher Vocational School, the approaches to the internal management of the institution, the organization of methodical, educational and study work, the forms and methods of teaching the profession, the culture of designing theoretical and industrial training lessons, the system assessment of educational achievements of students, and ways of involving parents in the educational process at the institution have been enhanced.

Energy Efficiency in Agricultural Production—Experience from Land Consolidation in Poland and Finland

Land consolidation in rural areas is greatly influenced by a number of social, agricultural, and economic factors. They extend the time and complicate activities related to the implementation of this project. Land consolidation is a huge investment, requiring a good and up-to-date map. Up-to-date data that reflects reality are the basis for good and efficient land consolidation in rural areas. To improve the creation of a land consolidation project, the most appropriate solution would be to place all the necessary data to create a land consolidation project on “geoportals” websites. Providing data on the websites of geoportals in Poland and Finland in the form of a map portal would enable both visual and substantive analysis of spatial changes in rural areas. Therefore, this article pursues two main scientific goals. The first purpose of this article is to analyze the history and scope of land consolidation in Poland and Finland in order to learn the specifics of land consolidation in a given country. Comparisons and analyses were made on the basis of the authors’ experience in Poland and Finland with land consolidation in the areas described. The second scientific goal of the article is to compare the availability of geospatial data in the context of the methodology of performing land consolidation in rural areas, which leads to increased energy efficiency in agricultural production by reducing the need for energy, especially fuel for agricultural machinery. The results from the table with a list of geoportals in Poland and Finland are a summary of the data available for free. Thanks to it, land consolidation contractors around the world will have the opportunity to familiarize themselves with and perhaps use this data when creating a rural land consolidation project. Good land consolidation planning will lead to effective and economical use of rural space. This is part of the 2030/2050 strategy. Reducing agricultural production costs, lower fuel consumption, and a smaller carbon footprint. This is what Poland and Finland are striving for as countries belonging to the European Union.

„Gazeta Rzeźnicka” – gazeta nie tylko dla rzeźników

In the early 20th century, Poznań, which belonged to the Prussian partition, was the leading press center. The professional press, which was developing at that time, was well represented. One of the professional magazines which were published in the Polish language was “Gazeta Rzeźnicka” [“Butcher’s Gazette”] – the first periodical for this vocational group. It was published from 1914 through the period of world war I, probably until the end of 1918. First, it appeared several times a week, later as a weekly. It was published, financed and edited by Apolinary klóskowski. An attempt to present the periodical, its formal, editorial and substantive analysis, is based on two preserved annual bound volumes: 1914 and 1918.

Professional digital competencies’ development of specialists in the reclamation industry

This article presents the results of a scientific and practical study, the purpose of which is to conduct a structural and substantive analysis of the indicators of key competencies of the digital economy and their development among workers of the reclamation industry by means of additional professional education programs. Research methods include scientific and practical analysis, statistical analysis of primary materials and data from the Department of Land Reclamation of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, development and systematization of information and analytical materials on key competencies of the digital economy. The results of the study consist in determining the means of developing digital competencies of specialists in the reclamation industry, in the development, collection, statistical analysis of data from subordinate organizations of the Department of Reclamation of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation on indicators of key competencies of the digital economy, as well as in preparing for registration of a database for calculating the competencies of personnel in the field of digitalization of the reclamation sector and broken down by Russian regions.

Legal institute of preferences: concept, composition and system

The author formulates the concept, constitutional and legal basis, composition and system of the legal institution of preferences of the Russian competition law. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that by now this legal education has not only not been studied in domestic jurisprudence, but is not positioned at all in the doctrine of competition law. Moreover, some legal scholars consider it alien to competition law. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the functioning of a separate legal institution of preferences in the system of competition law, the political and legal basis of which is the constitutional and legal provisions defining the beginnings of the country's market economy and the solution of socially significant tasks of Russian society through the use of the preferential mechanism, which includes two levels of legal forms at the sectoral level norms of international acts and treaties of Russia, regulatory legal acts of the Federation, subjects of the Russian Federation and municipalities of procedural and material order, differentiating into general and special prescriptions, forming its general and special parts. In the process of studying the legal phenomenon of preferences, a dialectical method of cognition was used within the framework of a materialistic approach in combination with private scientific methods of cognition of social and legal phenomena: analysis and synthesis, observations and comparisons, system and framework method, forecasting, planning and modeling. As a result of the conducted research, the fundamentals of the theory of the competitive legal institute of preferences are presented, as well as the positions of denial of the connection of preferences with the regulation and protection of competition among legal scholars and interpretation of the relevant provisions exclusively from the perspective of anticonrurent regulation of the activities of public legal entities are refuted. The provisions and conclusions of the study can be used in the law-making and law enforcement practice of the relevant legal provisions, as well as in the educational process of training lawyers. The novelty lies in the substantive analysis of the regulatory framework for the selective provision by the authorities of public legal entities with the prior consent of the antimonopoly authority of the country to economic entities of preferences as a separate institution of a special part of competition law.The functioning of the competitive legal institute of preferences is based on legal principles that determine its method, tasks and functions.

The knowledge and innovation challenges of ChatGPT: A scoping review

This study has several objectives. Firstly, the authors adopt a scoping review of extant research to identify common emerging themes in the ChatGPT model. Secondly, the manuscript explores the emerging innovation and knowledge management challenges by problematizing gaps that need to be explored. This study setting comprises a comprehensive scoping review and analysis of the ChatGPT and related literature. Based on a substantive content analysis of 652 articles between the years 2018 and 2023, four themes emerged from the literature that present gaps to be explored in future research. The technology acceptance model (TAM) grounds the theoretical framework to explore the emerging themes and potential user satisfaction criteria. In addition, this is the first study to broaden the TAM innovation literature by applying knowledge generation criteria to assess the extent to which ChatGPT would satisfy expected user sensemaking represented by know-that, know-how, know-why, and care-why knowledge. Two research questions assessed the findings against TAM and knowledge generation criteria. Based on the emerging gaps identified, the review found that by applying TAM, user satisfaction is not expected to be high especially when applied in educational settings given specific learner needs in complex learning situations. While aspects of user knowledge is expected to increase exponentially, the quality of the information generated by ChatGPT is not expected to result in high user know-why knowledge and complex system understanding. At a time when generative AI models are challenging traditional scientific means of delivering education pedagogy in driving student and user learning, this study has important implications for the future of the ChatGPT model application within educational and broader settings.

Patenting and Implementation of Medical Technologies in Russia: Theoretical and Practical Aspects

The paper examines the legal regulation of medical technologies in the context of patenting inventions. The problematic issues raised in this study are of a systemic nature, in connection with which the need for a substantive analysis of the definition of «medical technology» through its components — medical method and method — is argued and the need for their consolidation in the legislation on health protection is justified. The author elucidates the concept of medical technologies in foreign legal systems and explains the absence of the need to borrow foreign experience. Based on the analysis of patents issued in the Russian Federation for methods and ways of treatment, it is concluded that the current legal regulation allows patenting medical technologies as a complex object, while making appropriate changes to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation will eliminate discrepancies existing in law enforcement practice. An integrated approach has made it possible to identify a number of systemic causes that hinder the effective implementation of innovations in practical medicine; ways to eliminate them are proposed.

Ethnic Personality in the Context of Traditional Ossetian Culture

The article is a historical and ethnological analysis of the ethnocultural phenomenon “ethnic personality”, which is important, but still remains without due attention of ethnologists, and continues the author’s research on this issue based on the material of the Ossetian ethnos. On the basis of ethnographic sources and using a historical and retrospective approach, personal ideals are investigated, the determinants of the formation of their basic qualities and characteristics of the Ossetian ethnic group in the traditional period are revealed. The research is aimed at a substantive analysis of those criteria of the phenomenon of “ethnic personality”, which, being characteristic of traditional society, to one degree or another have retained their relevance for modern young Ossetians. They were identified in advance through a survey conducted by the author among students. In particular, the high importance of communication programs related to the inter-age hierarchy and male subculture was revealed. They became the subject of the analysis of this study. The ethnic personality is considered as the main representative of the traditional “Ossetian order” - a very significant component of the intangible cultural heritage of this people. The study of which is extremely important for the search for the most relevant, viable forms of folk culture. Forms that are not only preserved in the modernization processes of Ossetian ethnoculture, but also do not lose their sufficiently powerful identification resources. The author comes to the conclusion that by studying the essence of the phenomenon of “ethnic personality” by broad scientific means, researchers get a unique opportunity for more accurate ethnic forecasting, which is extremely important in a multi-ethnic state. Including in the light of the prospects for the formation of an all-Russian identity.