Subsidiary Materials Research Articles

The Controversy: Whether Sucralose Could Increase Blood Glucose in The Body?

Sucralose is the most used artificial sweetener around the world, accounted for 30% of the global low-calorie sweetener market in 2016. According to the inspection of 19915 pre-packaged foods in Hong Kong, sucralose is the most used non-nutritive sweetener, followed by acesulfame. In addition to the food industry, sucralose can also be used as one kind of subsidiary materials for correcting taste in suspension agent, oral liquid, tablets, and granules, which could cover up the bitter taste of medicines such as aspirin or traditional Chinese medicine compound. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had approved the use of sucralose, but whether sucralose intake has effect on blood glucose is not clarified clearly. For this purpose, we collected and summarized the clinical studies to evaluate the effect of sucralose intake on blood glucose since 1996 from PubMed database, hope it may provide some evidence for sucralose applications in food excipient or drug sweet excipient.

Development of a Worker-Following Robot System: Worker Position Estimation and Motion Control under Measurement Uncertainty

This study proposes a sensor data process and motion control method for a mobile platform essential for transporting finished products or subsidiary materials in a smart factory. We developed a system that recognizes a fiducial marker printed on the work clothes worn by a worker, estimates the worker’s location, and follows the worker using the estimated location. To overcome the limitations of simulation-based research, gait data on a two-dimensional plane were derived through a human gait model and an error model according to the distance between the image sensor and the reference marker. The derived gait data were defined as the localization result for the worker, and a Kalman filter was used to robustly address the uncertainty of the localization result. A virtual spring-damper system was applied to follow the Mecanum wheel-based mobile platform workers. The performance of the proposed algorithm was demonstrated through comparative simulations with existing methods.

Effect of void formation according to resin content on composite joint area

The field of application of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer expands as well as the size of the component where composite material is applied. Due to the size limitation of the prepreg used, it is difficult to apply 1ply to large parts. Many studies have been reported on the bolt joint that assembles parts and parts for the joint area, butt and overlap design for joining dissimilar materials, and mechanical properties. Although the mechanical properties of the joint areas are important, studies on the microstructure are also needed. In this study, the microstructure was observed by controlling the type of subsidiary materials in the bagging process by applying prepregs of the same composition. It was found that the air and resin flow inside the prepreg acted differently depending on the type of subsidiary material. The flow of resin during curing was inferred from the influence of subsidiary materials and explained by connecting it with the microstructure. The behavior of the resin determined thickness, resin, and void contents of the composite. This flow affects voids in the joint area, causing differences in microstructure and mechanical properties. There was no significant difference in the tensile strength of the laminate specimens manufactured according to the process, but the minimum strength was found in the specimens containing many void contents. The joint specimen showed a decrease in strength as the void content increased. It was discussed that this reduced the adhesive force of the specimen due to the effect of the void generated in the joint area.

Effect of the subsidiary materials of the manufacturing process on the microstructure of the composite laminate

AbstractComposite specimens with resin contents of 33.5%, 35.4%, and 35.9%, respectively, were manufactured by controlling the type of subsidiary material used in the bagging process for a composite material having the same composition. The effect of controlling the resin content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of composite specimens was investigated. The flow of resin and air during the cure process was inferred and explained by connecting it with the microstructure. Specifically, the behavior of the resin determined the thickness, density, and void of the composite laminate, which acted as a factor causing the difference in mechanical properties of the composite materials. As the resin content increased, there was no significant difference in tensile strength, but Young's modulus decreased. In the case of the compression test, there was a difference in mechanical properties due to the combined effect of the reinforcement and the resin. The maximum compressive strength value was shown in the process with low void content, and Young's modulus tended to decrease as the resin content increased. In the bagging process, the subsidiary material controlled the flow of resin and air, and caused a difference in microstructure, affecting the change of mechanical properties.

CPTPP 누적규정 활용 가능성

In addition to RCEP, discussions on joining the CPTPP, the world's second-largest Mega FTA, are underway in earnest, starting with a public hearing in March 2022. In addition to the feature that the spaghetti ball effect can be mitigated by applying one rule of origin to multiple countries, CPTPP has the feature of applying full accumulation, allowing the accumulation of materials and production simultaneously for all contracting countries for the first time out of Mega FTAs. Full accumulation enhances the possibility of determining origin by allowing the accumulation of not only origin materials but also the added value generated during the production process in a contracting country, which gives higher utilization if they have a global value chain in the contracting country. Further, over time, the direction of production, supply and demand of raw and subsidiary materials will be induced to the contracting countries, which can serve as an opportunity to strengthen economic relation between the contracting countries. Therefore, in this study, focusing on the full accumulation, one of the important features of CPTPP, the possibility of utilizing full accumulation when Korea joins CPTPP has been analyzed by examining the trends in raw and subsidiary material trade and investment status in manufacturing business between contracting countries and candidate countries. As a result, while CPTPP is an agreement with high utilization value as 11 countries are participating, and more than 70% of trade between contracting countries consists of intermediate goods trade, and investment in manufacturing also reaches more than 25%, there is a possibility that the number of new contracting countries will continue to increase as the countries such as UK, China and Taiwan have already showed their intention to participate, such that it is considered to have higher expected effects.

Материалы о взаимоот­но­шениях Великого княжества Литовского с Крымским и Казанским ханствами 1537–1538 гг. из архива Радзивиллов

Research objectives: This article offers a source study and an edition of the missive of Khan Safa Giray of Kazan attached to the letter of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Sigismund the Old (Zygmunt Stary) which he composent to the Council of Lords of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania on November 8, 1538. The research aims to contextualize the khan’s missive and to establish its date. Research materials: The copies of the letters preserved in the collection of Ignacy Onacewicz in the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) in St. Petersburg, as well as published subsidiary materials from the archival and library collections of Warsaw and Cracow. Results and novelty of the research: It is established that Safa Giray’s missive to Sigismund the Old, once kept in the Radziwiłłs’ archive, and now in Ignacy Onacewicz’s collection, was sent in the spring or summer/early autumn of 1538. It was preceded by a series of the khan’s missives to the king written during the year 1537 (this dating is substantiated) in the larger context of wars of the Russian State with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (the Starodub War) and the Kazan Khanate, as well as the internal struggle in the Crimean Khanate. These missives are now preserved in Warsaw and Cracow. The texts of both missives from Ignacy Onacewicz’s collection, the khan’s missive to the king, and the king’s missive to the Council of Lords, are published for the first time.

국내 섬유·패션기업의 수요를 반영한 NCS기반 니트패션산업 재직자를 위한 교육과정 개발

Background/Objectives: To operate an optimal education program related to onsite technology in the textile and fashion industry, a demand survey was conducted targeting domestic textile and fashion companies, and the current incumbent retraining process was reorganized. Methods: We conducted a demand survey on domestic textile and fashion companies for the training courses conducted from March 2019 to November 2021. The survey period was from July 5, 2021 to October 11, 2021, and online questionnaire surveys were collected from 330 participants. Results: Based on the results of the demand survey, the curriculum was reorganized. The number of modules was reduced from five to four, training hours were distributed for each subject in each course, fabric and subsidiary materials for clothing were suggested as subjects in demand, cost calculation, and classes related to work orders were added. In addition, content related to various special sewing machines was included in the training course to provide practical guidance to incumbents in fashion companies. Conclusion/Implications: To reflect the rapidly changing trends in the textile and fashion industry, the incumbent training program should be reorganized periodically based on recurring demand surveys. In addition, cooperation with the textile and fashion industry and standardization and manualization of job competency are required to develop the job system for each work site. The results indicate the possibility of strengthening the professionalism of the incumbents of domestic textile and fashion companies. Moreover, the findings are expected to contribute to the development of the domestic textile and fashion industry through professional manpower training.

투습방수 직물을 사용한 기능성 아우터의 특성 분석 : 소재, 세탁 · 취급, 디자인, 패턴, 부자재, 봉제를 중심으로

투습방수 직물을 사용한 기능성 아우터의 특성 분석 : 소재, 세탁 · 취급, 디자인, 패턴, 부자재, 봉제를 중심으로

Management improvement through total cost reduction activity in a small and medium cosmetic manufacturing company: A case study

In order for companies to continue to grow and develop in a rapidly changing global economy and domestic working environment, the most fundamental concern is to improve management efficiency through enterprise-wide cost reduction. However, there are no case studies of enterprise-wide cost reduction activities of cosmetic manufacturers. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the company-wide cost reduction activities performed by a case company, an OEM/ODM cosmetic manufacturer, for about 3 years. The TCR activities of an example company can be largely divided into the introduction of a strategic target cost management system and post-cost reduction activities. In other words, a strategic preliminary target cost management system was introduced to calculate the target cost, and to reach the target cost. And then the company-wide improvement activities were promoted to reduce costs in the fields of raw and subsidiary materials, product profit and loss, and labor expenses. For 3 years, a thorough case study was conducted across the entire TCR activities conducted by Company C. In other words, the introduction, activities, evaluation, and follow-up management of TCR were investigated and reviewed for each stage of implementation, and the results of TCR were analyzed. As a result of the study, it was found that C's TCR activity greatly improved the company's operating profit. It was found that C's TCR activity greatly improved the company's operating profit. As of 2019, the company achieved a cost reduction of 23%, including 7% for products, 24% for raw and subsidiary materials, 28% for labor expenses, and 15% for new. Also, the operating profit contribution rate increased significantly to 37% in 2017, 35% in 2018, and 50% in 2019 (3 years average of 41%) The results of this study are expected to become a good benchmark for the introduction and activation of cost reduction systems not only for domestic and foreign industries but also for other industries

Татарская тематика в переписке сановников Тевтонского ордена. 1431–1432 гг.

Research objectives: This article offers annotated editions of nine letters from the archive of the grand masters of the Teutonic Order written between the spring of 1431 and the summer of 1432 concerning the Tatars. Research materials: The originals and copies of the letters preserved in the Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz in Berlin – the historical Königsberg archive (XX. Hauptabteilung), subsidiary materials, published and unpublished, from the same archive, as well as materials from the archives of Cracow and Warsaw. Results and novelty of the research: It is established that at least nine letters written between the spring of 1431 and the summer of 1432 concerning the Horde’s relations with its neighbors (the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Kingdom of Poland, Moldavia, and Walachia) and its ongoing internal power struggle are preserved in the historical Königsberg archive, presently named the Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz, in Berlin. Only three of them have been hitherto published in full and in keeping with modern scholarly standards. The remaining six letters are published here along with the descriptions of their originals and copies besides detailed annotations.

Study on Characteristics of Life Cycle Assessment of River Rubber Dam System by Scale

The aim of this study was to quantify the environmental impacts of dams, used for the control of riverine water resources, through life-cycle assessment techniques. The studied pneumatic and upright rubber dams had sizes of 500 mm (H) × 15,000 mm (L) and 2,000 mm (H) × 15,000 mm (L), respectively. The characterization values of the dams were compared in view of global warming. If the pneumatic and upright rubber dams both had sizes of 500 mm (H) × 15,000 mm (L), they would emit 5.365E + 05 kg CO2-eq and 5.441E + 055 kg CO2-eq, respectively. Meanwhile, if they both had sizes of 2,000 mm (H) × 15,000 mm (L), they would emit 2.193E + 06 kg CO2-eq and 2.094E + 06 kg CO2-eq, respectively.These results indicated that the environmental impact of dams can be strongly influenced by their size and construction method. In particular, their operating energy and the characteristics of their raw and subsidiary materials were the highest-ranked environmental impact factors in our sensitivity analysis. Therefore, in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the environmental impact of river structures with a relatively long lifetime should be pre-evaluated when their construction is being planned. Keywords: Life Cycle Assessment, Rubber dam, Global Warming, Environmental Impacts

A Study on the Revision Efficiency of Referenced Specifications/Standards for Raw and Subsidiary Materials in the Field of National Defense

A Study on the Revision Efficiency of Referenced Specifications/Standards for Raw and Subsidiary Materials in the Field of National Defense

중첩의 특성을 활용한 니트 패션 디자인

This study aims to derive the characteristics of overlapping styles analysing the actual cases of contemporary fashion designs that utilize overlapping technique and also the relevant previous studies in a variety of fields. For the research method, the notion of overlapping and its characteristics are reviewed and recast based on relevant literature and advanced research. The results are as follow; The characteristics of overlapping styles are found to be transparency, duplicity, repetition, and collectivity. Transparency is expressed by the superposition of clear or translucent fabrics and subsidiary materials, by placing such fabrics and subsidiary materials at the topmost position. Duplicity is expressed by overlapping pictures and photo patterns, by the technique of trompe l’oeil, by photo-montage, etc. Repetition is expressed by the repetitive use of pleats, tucks, and ruffles, by the repetition of pictures and patterns. Collectivity is expressed by regular or irregular collective arrangement of the units of shapes, colors, and sizes of identical subsidiary materials and patterns. Based on these characteristics of overlapping, this study developed four pieces of knit fashion designs within rectangle. It is found that knit and the use of rectangle are appropriate in the making of these works. Especially while the use of rectangle can give the overall impression of hardness, the combination of these hard and angular rectangle with soft knit produces the mystic effect of uniting two opposing images. successfully and creatively achieving the coexistence of hardness and softness or masculinity and femininity.

Lydall buys Precision Custom Coatings' filtration business

Lydall Inc, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Lydall Performance Materials Inc, has acquired the Precision Filtration division of Precision Custom Coatings.

Apparel Subsidiary Materials (Part 2)

Apparel Subsidiary Materials (Part 2)

Apparel Subsidiary Materials (Part 1)

Apparel Subsidiary Materials (Part 1)

Determination of Some Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Cattle Manure Pellets

<p>One of the important subsidiary materials of livestock units is excreta. The livestock waste (including the combination of the Cattle Manure and products case in the bed) as a valuable source of the minerals (Nitrogen 1.78 % , phosphor us 0.5% and potassium 0.99%).For the transportation of the cattle manure in the natural state is difficult and costly due to being low the special mass and the nature of mass. It is produced around 6 million thons the cattle manure yearly in Iran which it is usually filled in the place according to the lack of organic materials of the soils country, the use of the cattle manure causes increasing the productivity of crops. We usually need to some of the mechanical and thermal properties of the cattle manure for producing the pellet by Extruder, so we Survey some of the mechanical and thermal properties of the cattle manure pellet in this research such as the shear stress and the coefficient of thermal diffusivity cattle manure. We obtain the coefficient of the thermal diffusivity manure (</p>

Study of construction convergence technology for performance improvement in functional building materials

When using internal building materials, hazardous substances that affect indoor air quality are emitted from not only the material itself, but also from subsidiary materials such as construction adhesives. For wallpaper and flooring material, emissions from adhesives exceed the emissions from the material itself.Recently, functional building materials with absorption properties have been widely used in board products, inorganic paints and wall-papers. These materials remove chemical substances from indoor air through physical sorption or chemical reaction and control humidity through capillary condensation. These materials have been used as countermeasures to sick building syndrome.This study was conducted on inorganic paint, which is a functional building material that received New Excellent Technology certification for its moisture absorption and desorption performance. This moisture property affects the humidity in the indoor air and adsorbs formaldehyde and volatile organic chemicals. In this study, a construction convergence technology that can improve performance by at least 30% is proposed based on the principles of moisture absorption and desorption.The findings of this study confirmed the importance of convergence technology that organically interconnects manufacturing and construction technologies to improve and maintain the performance of functional building materials.

어반 아웃도어웨어에 대한 소비자 인식과 Kano 모델을 적용한 제품 만족·불만족에 대한 연구: 대학생을 중심으로

This research was designed to figure out the perception and attitude of university students toward urban outdoor wear and to provide the guidelines for product quality improvement using Kano model. A total of 270 responses were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 through frequency and factor analysis. Respondents' levels for outdoor activity & outdoor products possession being still low, steady growth in urban outdoor wear market is expected. A total of eight quality factors were identified through factor analysis; suitability, production quality, functionality, ease of care, fabric performance, portability, fashionability, and symbolism. Based on Kano model, quality factors of urban outdoor wear were categorized into three groups: one-dimensional; indifferent; and must-be quality factor. It was found that consumers were satisfied with urban outdoor wear only when it meets the needs for suitability for body types and ease of care, meaning that manufactures should be cautious not to lose these features. Being must-be quality factor, production quality(form stability, quality of subsidiary materials), and fabric performance such as colorfastness should be basically satisfied. The relative importance of each quality feature on satisfaction/dissatisfaction was investigated using CSC(customer satisfaction coefficient). Based on the CSC, every item was classified again. Attractive quality features with large CSC were shown in suitability factor. Must-be quality features with small CSC were mainly shown in functionality and fabric performance factors. These findings imply that manufactures of urban outdoor wear should not only maintain the production quality but also focus on suitability features to differentiate their product with previous products.

TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPLEMENTARY MEANS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF BEVERAGE TECHNOLOGY

Abstract: Processing of raw materials, semi-finished and finished products with the help of a variety of aids is one of the most urgent methods of solving the problem of increasing beverage storage duration. The paper shows the state of a beverage as a disperse system during the process. In the semi-finished products at the beginning of technological chain the process of diffusion is not determined, thus the system of beverages experiences sedimentary instability. The processing of semi-finished and finished beverages before pre-packaging by various technological supplementary means leads to the formation of sedimentary stability, in which a sedimentation - diffusion equilibrium takes place. The hypothetical model of the state of beverage disperse system under the influence of technological supplementary means is demonstrated. Disperse system of beverages can be exposed in three main positions: sedimentary unstable, stable (equilibrium), excessively stable. The brief overview of characteristic features of supplementary means is presented, the latter being used in beverage technology to ensure the stability of products with the help of research data presented by domestic and foreign authors. One of the variants of classification of processing aids is the usage of hierarchical method. Structural and technological characteristics of the subsidiary materials used for durability of beverage upon storage are presented as a classification basis. Signs and stages of classification are marked. The presented embodiment of classification methodology can serve as a basis for the selection of processing with the help of supplementary methods, based on individual characteristics of the structural properties of complex means and substances involved in turbidity formation, as well as for indication of the parameters of materials rational usage in the production line as one of the fundamental factors for the formation of finished products quality.