Subliminal Communication Research Articles

The Clothes Maketh the Cult

The Clothes Maketh the Cult

The Applications of Blockchain in the Covert Communication

Covert communication is designed for hiding the subliminal communication which takes place between both of the speakers and their relationship. The traditional covert communication utilizes the centralized channel and the third-party central node or authority to distribute messages which leads to a lack of undetectability, antitraceability, and robustness. In recent years, there have been attempts to apply the blockchain to covert communication solutions, for the characteristics of blockchain such as decentralization, openness, and trustworthiness. In this paper, based on the analysis of the literature and the classification according to the hiding position, we identify four kinds of covert communication: Address Channel, Value Channel, DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm) Channel, and Script Channel, which will help inform future research agenda.

Improving the accuracy and speed of choice in human-computer interactions via a subliminal priming effect

With the development of information processes, the interaction between humans and computers is everywhere in our daily life. As the level of human-computer interaction continues to rise, the cognitive load in human-computer interaction is also increasing, and thus, the operational error rate is rising. Subliminal communication technology refers to the use of appropriate methods to provide subliminal cues to convey supplementary information in an unconscious way. This method does not increase the burden on cognitive channels, but it improves people's abilities to recognise and make decisions. Therefore, we conducted a series of experiments on the subliminal priming effect to observe the feasibility of this idea. We used experimental psychophysical methods to demonstrate that the subliminal stimuli had a considerable impact on various cognitive processes and decision-making.

Improving the accuracy and speed of choice in human-computer interactions via a subliminal priming effect

With the development of information processes, the interaction between humans and computers is everywhere in our daily life. As the level of human-computer interaction continues to rise, the cognitive load in human-computer interaction is also increasing, and thus, the operational error rate is rising. Subliminal communication technology refers to the use of appropriate methods to provide subliminal cues to convey supplementary information in an unconscious way. This method does not increase the burden on cognitive channels, but it improves people's abilities to recognise and make decisions. Therefore, we conducted a series of experiments on the subliminal priming effect to observe the feasibility of this idea. We used experimental psychophysical methods to demonstrate that the subliminal stimuli had a considerable impact on various cognitive processes and decision-making.

A diagnostic study on Subliminal Communication in advertising as a Definitive Tool to Create or Intensify Purchase Intention

A diagnostic study on Subliminal Communication in advertising as a Definitive Tool to Create or Intensify Purchase Intention

Subliminal advertising in shooter games: recognition effects of textual and pictorial brand logos

An array of studies has shown that games can be suitable for marketing communication - but that not all game genres can be expected to be equally successful in generating advertising effects. Since the game task in shooter games requests players to strictly focus on objects that can pose a threat, that game genre seems especially problematic for in–game advertising. Subliminal communication can theoretically be expected to overcome (part) of that problem. Therefore, our experimental study (N = 143) focuses on marketing communication effects of subliminally presented brand logos. We aim to find out (i) whether subliminal marketing communication causes recognition effects and (ii) whether pictorial logos differ from textual logos in the size of the effect they generate. This way we can shine a light on the message processing mechanisms that are foundational to subliminal message effects. The results of our study show that subliminally presented brand logos do have a communicative potential: the recognition ...

Perceptual and Subliminal Communication: A Business Teacher's Dream

Perceptual and Subliminal Communication: A Business Teacher's Dream

The silphium motif adorning ancient libyan coinage: Marketing a medicinal plant

The Silphium Motif Adorning Ancient Libyan Coinage: Marketing a Medicinal Plant. Economic Botany 53(2): 133–143, 1999. Ancient texts provide an extensive list of purported medicinal benefits for Cyrenaic silphium but omit reference to this extinct, unidentified species o/Ferula (Umbelliferae) as an aphrodisiac. The plant may have been so regarded since ithyphallic and testicular imagery are evoked via stylized representations of the silphium plant and seed pod on the mintage of Greek Cyrenaica in North Africa. These numismatic motifs play to an imitative principle. Whether by calculation or serendipity, commodity marketing likely drew on more subliminal communications through an association between phallus-like renderings of the plant and apotropaic function and through possible association of the geography of a love philtre with a philosophical product of Cyrene, Aristippus’ uninhibited hedonism. Other circumstantial evidence draws on the writings of Avicenna, who attributed aphrodisiacal qualities to a recognized substitute for Cyrenaic silphium, and to the poetry of Catullus whose art linked silphium to carnal pleasures.

Results concerning the bandwidth of subliminal channels

In conjunction with a six-month research program on computer security, cryptology and coding theory hosted by the Isaac Newton Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K., a Workshop on information hiding was held from May 30 through June 1, 1996. This workshop was devoted to all aspects of information hiding - other than the usual cryptographic concealment of content, including steganography, subliminal channels, fingerprinting, covert channels, etc. Two surprising results pertaining to subliminal channels were presented or grew out of presentations made at this workshop. One is of interest to the secure communications protocol designer concerned with denying the use of subliminal channels, while the other is important to the designer, or user, of subliminal channels. The first raises the question of whether the notion of a "subliminal-free" communication channel is an oxymoron, i.e., is it possible to force the bandwidth of the subliminal channel to be truly zero? The second forces a more precise formulation of a conjecture the author had made that the bandwidth of a subliminal channel is logarithmically limited if the transmitter is unwilling to trust the subliminal receiver unconditionally. Motivated by these results, this paper reexamines the fundamental questions of the bandwidth available for subliminal communication as a function of the trust the transmitter has in the subliminal receiver and of a logically sound interpretation of the term "subliminal-free".

A comparative study of breast feeding after traditional postnatal hospital care and early discharge

Objective: to provide quality assurance for the care plan and working structure within the early discharge unit at the Women's Clinic, Central Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden. Design: survey, using postal questionnaire. Setting: the Women's Clinic, Central Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden. Participants: 304 women with babies of six months of age, delivered at the Central Hospital, Helsingborg, between September and December 1993 and who, together with their baby, met the criteria for early discharge. Early discharge is generally defined in Sweden as discharge before 72 hours postpartum. Measurements and findings: of the participants 41% chose early discharge (ED) and 59% chose traditional hospital care (THC). Four groups were studied for breast feeding frequency — THC primiparae, ED primiparae, THC multiparae and ED multiparae. Further division was made for breast feeding at 2, 4 and 6 months of age. The four main groups were examined for demographic differences. A difference was found in education level; early discharge mothers had a lower level of education than THC mothers. No significant difference was found for the frequency or duration of breast feeding between the early discharge and the traditional hospital care groups, despite the higher education level in the traditional hospital care group. Implications for practice: a possible explanation for this finding is that a care plan aimed at supporting the individual's responsibility and participation, providing relevant knowledge and a subliminal communication of trust in the competence of parent and child, is of particular significance for women with less education. The presence and participation of the baby's father at an early stage may also be a factor.

Subliminal channels; past and present

AbstractSubliminal channels were devised by Simmons in 1978 to demonstrate a fundamental flaw in a protocol the U.S. was considering using to allow the U.S.S.R. to verify U.S. compliance with the terms of the SALT II treaty. The examples given of such channels were more in the nature of existence proofs than feasible communication channels until 1984 when it was shown that most digital signature schemes could be caused to host subliminal communications hidden in the digital signatures. Almost all of these subliminal channels, however, had several shortcomings. In order for the subliminal receiver to be able to recover a subliminal message, it was apparently necessary for him to know the transmitter's (the signer's) secret key. This meant that the subliminal receiver had to be given the capability to utter undetectable forgeries of the transmitter's signature. Also, only a subset of the natural message set could be communicated subliminally and some of those that could be transmitted were computationally infeasible for the subliminal receiver to recover. A digital signature standard (DSS) has recently been adopted by the U.S. government (May, 1994) which like most other digital signature schemes also permits subliminal communications to be concealed in signatures. Remarkably though, the subliminal channels in the DSS avoid all of the shortcomings that limit the usefulness of these channels in other digital signature schemes. This paper briefly describes the setting for the discovery of subliminal channels and then in some detail, the nature and shortcomings of the subliminal channels in the El Gamal digital signature scheme ‐ to which the DSS is closely related. Finally, to make clear what a remarkable coincidence it is that the apparently inherent shortcomings present in subliminal channels realized in the El Gamal scheme can all be overcome in channels realized in the DSS, each of the channels is analyzed in detail in both schemes. The inescapable conclusion, though, is that the DSS provides the most hospitable setting for subliminal communications discovered to date.

The ethics of subliminal communication

Assume that we communicate for the purpose of trying to change a person's behavior either overtly or covertly. As long as this is done in an honest manner, no concern with ethics is involved. But suppose a communication pattern — subliminals — is developed that covertly tries to change our behavior without our consent. Then, concern with ethics is involved.