Place Of Subject Research Articles

The Basics of Formal Logics (Aristoteles as Example)

Our study of Aristotle's formal logic consists of an introduction, four chapters, and a conclusion, which we tried to make a way for the subject in the first place and explain the different sides and then we called the content of the subject according to the following sections: We have dedicated the first part to the meaning and main meaning of logical existence that has started in four parts In the first place, we have discussed the meanings and some logic words and we have explained some different things In the second round, we tried to discuss the relationship between logic and philosophy and counted logic as a major and uncut part of Philosophy. In the third round, we discussed the relationship between logic and science, and we explained the differences of different opinions. In the fourth round, we focused on historical issues and we discussed their views and mentality about logic. We have dedicated the second part to the subject's place, which is the logic of Aristotle's face, which consists of five years. In the first round, the words and types of words have been discussed and the differences have been explained, and in the second round we have looked at the subject of the category, we have analyzed the other types of the categories and have given them samples.

Adult atopic dermatitis and exposure to air pollutants—a nationwide population-based study

BackgroundThere is a trend toward an increased worldwide prevalence of allergic diseases. It is speculated that industrialization with resultant air pollution plays a role. However, there are sparse epidemiologic data on the relation between air pollution and atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults. ObjectiveTo investigate the relation between exposure to air pollutants and adult AD in a cross-sectional study based on data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. MethodsWe identified 1,023 adult patients with AD and 4,092 age- and sex-matched controls without allergic diseases in 2011. Using data from 71 Environmental Protection Agency monitoring stations across Taiwan, levels of exposure to air pollutants were determined by the location of a subject's place of residence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age, sex, levels of urbanization, and family income, was performed. ResultsWe found an association between particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter or the Pollutant Standards Index (the highest sub-index of the concentrations of 5 main air pollutants after transformation) and the development of adult AD. The adjusted odds ratios were 1.05 (95% confidence interval 1.02–1.08) and 1.02 (95% confidence interval 1.01–1.03), respectively. ConclusionThese results demonstrated that air pollution, represented by particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter or the Pollutant Standards Index, was modestly associated with the development of AD in adults.

A paixão dos cientistas e seu impossível

From the research group “Violence, Body, and Language”, linked to the Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ/BR), this paper tackles the scientist's role in contemporaneity, among excesses and limits faced with the real. We treat the subject's place in his/her split facing different discursive formations. Then, the positions of governing, educating, and analyzing are approached in the radicalism of their impossibility in the culture. Owing to this analysis, we notice how the current discontent, along with the pairing science x capitalism, may have in the scientist (savant) one of the clearest examples of his/her passion.

Biomonitoring of the general population living near a modern solid waste incinerator: A pilot study in Modena, Italy

Background and goalsAs part of the authorization process for the solid waste incinerator (SWI) in Modena, Italy, a human biomonitoring cross-sectional pilot study was conducted to investigate the degree to which people living and working in the proximity of the plant were exposed to SWI emissions. MethodsBetween May and June 2010, 65 subjects living and working within 4km of the incinerator (exposed) and 103 subjects living and working outside this area (unexposed) were enrolled in the study. Blood, serum and urinary metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Hg, Mn, Ni), urinary benzene, toluene, xylene (BTEX), S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA), and urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed. Information about lifestyle, anthropometric characteristics, residence, and health status was collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) emitted from the SWI was estimated using fall-out maps from a quasi-Gaussian dispersion model. A multiple linear regression analysis investigated the relationship between biomarkers and the distance of a subject's place of residence from the SWI plant or the exposure to PM. ResultsUrinary BTEX and SPMA and blood, serum and urinary metals showed no differences between exposed and unexposed subjects. PAHs were higher in exposed than in unexposed subjects for phenanthrene, anthracene, and pyrene (median levels: 9.5 vs. 7.2ng/L, 0.8 vs. <0.5ng/L and 1.6 vs. 1.3ng/L, respectively, p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that blood Cd and Hg and urinary Mn, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene and pyrene were inversely correlated to the distance of a subject's residence from the SWI. Urinary Mn, fluorene and phenanthrene were directly correlated to PM exposure. ConclusionsThis study, although not representative of the general population, suggests that specific biomarkers may provide information about the degree of exposure the subjects working and living in the proximity of the SWI plant may have to emissions from that facility.

The empty core

Psychoanalytical experience suggests that there is an empty core at the heart of desire and the object world. Such a void is often taken to be the result of loss, deprivation or faulty development. Without denying this possibility, it is argued that the sense of a void is also part of our mental make-up. Through a metapsychological reading of a theme developed by Lacan in his 7th seminar, the theme of an empty core is elaborated theoretically as the effect of a fundamental gap in the representational world of objects. On this basis, possible meanings of the lost object and of the subject's place in an ethical order are investigated.

Cardiac Structure and Function in Persons 85 Years of Age

Individuals aged >85 years constitute the world's most rapidly growing age group. Despite the rapid growth of this population and its high incidence of cardiovascular morbidity, normative data concerning cardiac structure and function are limited. The objective of this study was to define cardiac structure and function in an age-homogenous, community-dwelling population of subjects born in 1920 and 1921. Subjects were recruited from the Jerusalem Longitudinal Cohort Study. Echocardiography was performed using a portable echocardiograph at the subject's place of residence. Standard echocardiographic assessment of cardiac structure and function was performed. Four hundred fifty subjects (219 men, 231 women) were enrolled in the study. The cohort exhibited large left atrial volumes (64.6 ± 26 ml) and high left ventricular (LV) mass indexes (122 ± 36 g/m(2)) with normal LV volumes. Ejection fractions were preserved (55.3 ± 10.2%), but tissue Doppler s-wave velocities (lateral 7.8 ± 2.1 cm/s, septal 6.7 ± 1.9 cm/s) were reduced. Reduced tissue Doppler e waves (lateral 7.3 ± 2.2 cm/s, septal 6.2 ± 2 cm/s) and elevated E/e' ratios (12.2 ± 4.9) indicated significantly impaired diastolic function. In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrate a high prevalence of left atrial enlargement, elevated LV mass, evidence of LV systolic dysfunction with preserved ejection fractions, and significant LV diastolic dysfunction in a community-dwelling cohort of 85-year-olds. The finding of elevated E/e' ratios in a subset free of known cardiovascular disease should be considered when clinical assessment of LV diastolic dysfunction in this age group is performed.

Edgar Degas’s La Savoisienne

Edgar Degas’s <i>La Savoisienne</i>

From Doppelgänger to Monster: Kitano Takeshi’s Takeshis’

Dans le douzième film de Kitano Takeshi, Takeshis’ (2005), le célèbre chanteur/acteur queer Miwa Akihiro qualifie de monstre la grande vedette de télévision et de cinéma Beat Takeshi, alter ego du cinéaste Kitano Takeshi. Comment doit-on interpréter cette référence au monstre, tant au niveau diégétique que non-diégétique ? Si Beat Takeshi ou Kitano Takeshi sont qualifiés de monstre dans ce film, de quel genre de monstre s’agit-il, et quelle en est la signification ? L’origine latine du terme « monstre », « monstrum », signifie « symptôme » ou « avertissement ». Quels symptômes ou avertissements pouvons-nous détecter dans Takeshis’ ? Procédant d’une analyse approfondie des détails visuels de Takeshis’, et plus particulièrement de la représentation du désordre schizophrène de Beat Takeshi/Kitano Takeshi, cet article propose une interprétation faisant de Takeshis’ un symptôme de l’identité multiple des contextes culturels et technologiques de l’ère numérique.

Urinary Estrogen Metabolites and Their Ratio among Asian American Women

Abstract Controversy persists regarding the role of a low ratio of 2-hydroxyestone (2-OHE1)/16α-hydroxyestrone (16α-OHE1) as a potential estrogen metabolism marker of increased risk for breast cancer. Most of the evidence has been provided by case-control studies, where tumor effects on hormone metabolism are not known. Studies in populations at various risk of breast cancer are not consistent, with some suggesting that levels of the ratio may be altered by changes in diet and exercise. We studied Asian American women participating as controls in a case-control study of breast cancer in which migration history—a composite of the subject's place of birth, type of residence in Asia (urban or rural), length of time living in the West, and grandparents' place of birth—was associated with a 6-fold risk gradient that paralleled the historical differences in incidence rates between the United States and Asian countries. This population offered the possibility to address whether the ratio of 2-OHE1:16α-OHE1 differs according to recognized breast cancer risk factors, including migration history. Overnight 12-hour urines were obtained from 368 premenopausal and 143 naturally postmenopausal women of Chinese, Japanese, or Filipino descent who donated urines between 1985 and 1988. The estrogen metabolites 2-OHE1 and 16α-OHE1 were measured with an ELISA kit and adjusted for creatinine levels. In each ethnic group, the ratio of 2-OHE1:16α-OHE1 was consistently lower in women born in the West than in those who had migrated from Asia. For premenopausal women, the ratio declined 20% due to lower levels of 2-OHE1. Among postmenopausal women, the ratio was 23% lower in those born in the West, but no consistent patterns based on place of birth were observed for either 2-OHE1 or 16α-OHE1. The ratio did not vary with most recognized breast cancer risk factors, except for lower metabolite ratios in women with a younger age at first birth and more children, which runs contrary to the hypothesis, because both characteristics reduce breast cancer risk. Our study suggests that the ratio of 2-OHE1:16α-OHE1 may be a marker for lifestyle influences on estrogen metabolism associated with westernization.

Does place of birth influence endogenous hormone levels in Asian-American women?

In 1983–87, we conducted a population-based case–control study of breast cancer in Asian women living in California and Hawaii, in which migration history (a composite of the subject's place of birth, usual residence in Asia (urban/rural), length of time living in the West, and grandparents' place of birth) was associated with a six-fold risk gradient that paralleled the historical differences in incidence rates between the US and Asian countries. This provided the opportunity to determine whether endogenous hormones vary with migration history in Asian-American women. Plasma obtained from 316 premenopausal and 177 naturally premenopausal study controls was measured for levels of estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estrone sulphate (E1S), androstenedione (A), testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), progesterone (PROG) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Levels of the oestrogens and sex hormone-binding globulin did not differ significantly between Asian- and Western-born women, although among premenopausal women, those least westernised had the lowest levels of E1, E2, and E1S. Androgen levels, particularly DHEA, were lower in women born in the West. Among premenopausal women, age-adjusted geometric mean levels of DHEA were 16.5 and 13.8 nmol l−1 in Asian- and Western-born women respectively; in postmenopausal women these values were 11.8 and 9.2 nmol l−1, (P<0.001) respectively. Among postmenopausal women, androgens tended to be highest among the least westernised women and declined as the degree of westernisation increased. Our findings suggest that aspects of hormone metabolism play a role in population differences in breast cancer incidence.British Journal of Cancer (2002) 87, 54–60. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6600339 www.bjcancer.com© 2002 Cancer Research UK

ACCUMULATION OF METALS IN AUTOPSY TISSUES OF SUBJECTS LIVING IN TARRAGONA COUNTY, SPAIN

The concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), tin (Sn), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn) were determined in autopsy tissues collected from subjects who at the time of death had lived in Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain) over a period of, at least, the previous 10 years. Samples of liver, lung, kidney, brain and bone were obtained from a total of 78 non-occupationally exposed subjects, autopsied between 1997 and 1999. Arsenic, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni, Sn, V and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP/MS). The results were analyzed with respect to age, sex, smoking and drinking habits, and the subject's place of residence. Most tissue concentrations of As, Co, Cr, Hg and V were near to the analytical detection limit or, in some cases, even below it. However, the levels of Cu were slightly higher than the average concentrations found in other studies. Also, tissue concentrations of Mn, Sn and Zn were similar to those found in previous surveys, while those of Ni were lower than previously reported. Although the current levels of tissue Cd and Pb were comparatively lower than in studies in other areas, the distribution of both metals was similar to previously-reported trends. From the tissue metal concentrations observed in the present study, it would appear that neither environmental exposure nor a dietary excess of these elements could be considered a health hazard to people living in the study area.

間仕切が体験者の居場所に与える影響に関する基礎実験 : 室空間における間仕切に関する研究 その1

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect that the shape and the position of partition have on the subject's place and perception of room volume. The various shape and position of partition panel is presented randomly. In experiment 1, subject behavior is recorded by observation. In experiment 2, The Method of Magnitude Estimation is used; subjects are requested to compare the volumes of different types of room. This paper is reported about experiment 1. The results are summarized as below; 1. The subjects are prone to choose the neighborhood of partition, wall and reentrant angle as the place. Consequently, it tries to get a protection of the back, feeling of calmness. 2. The extent of the front space in the room and the relative position (especially the visual relative position) with the partner induces the tendency to decide the place to stay.

The subject's propriety, space, and place

This article deals with the "scenery", "horizons", and perspectives constituting the subject's place and situation from the psychoanalyst's limited perspective. Moving away from the body and its "embodiments" and places, many of which are institutionalized, including language itself, we look into such matters as velocity and other "conjectures" associated with technique. In addition, we also consider the body and nature as a whole as sites of action and presentations, which in several scenes lead to representations of the world in view of the peculiarities in the subject's experiences. All virtualities, together with the "disembodiment of physical presence", add one more variable to our thoughts. Recent endeavors like the feminist and homeless movements have shed new light on our understanding of the desire to possess and govern a territory. Art (and here drama plays an essential role) seems to be the perfect system towards which perceptions and syntheses are directed in search of new concepts and directions for understanding (which, in turn, has recently undergone an unprecedented crisis). Still, we should point out that the latter issue, not dealt with in this article, will be discussed at a suitable opportunity.

Choosing and Using Contraception

Thirty women of varying ethnicity and socioeconomic status, who were actively seeking to avoid pregnancy, were interviewed concerning their lifetime experience with contraceptive use. The resulting description, Women's Contraceptive Self-Care, was divided into four processes: the central process, Choosing and Using Contraception, and three contextual processes. Forestalling Pregnancy was defined as using contraceptive methods or behaviors to prevent or delay childbearing. Assigning the Burden of Contraceptive Responsibility was defined as assuming responsibility for contraception or shifting that responsibility to a partner. Negotiating with Those who Control Contraception was defined as maneuvering among individuals and agencies that permit or hinder access to contraceptive methods and behaviors. Each process is comprised of thematic clusters and/or themes that are defined and illustrated.

The Semiotics of Transactions: Mauss, Lacan and the three Musketeers

When objects unduly change place, wheels of narratives begin to turn. Counterfeit, stolen, lost, or diverted objects mark major plot reversals. What of such displacements? Can we speak of of an object in a work of fiction other than metaphorically? In relation to what (to whom) would this place be a place? Is this to say that topography engages meaning or even generates it? Furthermore, what is status of subject when world of things itself begins to take on meaning? What of this subject's place? And most especially, how does poetics of displaced object affect representation of subject? These questions bear on indiscernible moment when thing becomes a sign, when thingness disappears before its representation-and in doing so, mirrors its indefinitely deferred reader. In a universe made familiar by intentionality of language, rarely can we distinguish between things and signs. Where everything is bound together, everything The least attempt to evoke an autonomous thing backfires: even as we proclaim the thing is, copula, unable to resist crowding of contextuality, yields to verb to mean: the thing is no more; it means. Such is case of root of chestnut tree that Sartre attempted