Subjective Sleep Latency Research Articles

Investigation of the Effect of Some Parameters Affecting the Sleep Quality of Sports-Trained Students

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of some parameters affecting the sleep quality of sports-trained students. Methods: For this purpose, the Pittsburgh sleep quality scale was applied to sports-trained students. The data of 243 male and 222 female students who completed the scale truthfully were evaluated. Student t-test, one-way ANOVA, and LSD tests were used in statistical procedures. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in the subcomponents and total sleep scores of subjective sleep quality, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbance, medication use, and daytime dysfunction by gender (p<0.05 and p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbance, daytime dysfunction, and total sleep scores with regard to team and individual sports (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, medication use, daytime dysfunction, and total sleep score with regard to daily training time (p<0.05 and p<0.001). The difference is not significant in the subcomponents of habitual sleep efficiency and sleep disturbance (p>0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that while gender has an effect on the sleep quality of sports-trained students, playing team and individual sports have not. In addition, it has been observed that more than 3 hours of daily training time has a negative effect on sleep quality. It is recommended that sports-trained students who train intensively should be supported in terms of sleep quality, especially female students. Keywords: Sleep quality, Student, Athlete, Training

Poor Sleep Quality Associated With Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in Patients With Lacunar Stroke.

Background and ObjectiveEnlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs) are considered as an MRI marker of cerebral small vessel diseases and were reported to be associated with brain waste clearance dysfunction. A previous study found that interstitial fluid clearance in the mouse brain occurred mainly during sleep. However, the relationship between sleep quality and EPVS in humans has not been well-understood. Thus, we aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep and EPVS in humans.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted in patients with lacunar stroke in the Neurology Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital. Patients with EPVS >10 on one side of the basal ganglia (BG) and white matter slice containing the maximum amount were defined as the BG-EPVS group and the white matter (WM)-EPVS group, respectively. Patients with EPVS <10 in the slice containing the maximum amount were defined as the control group. Sleep quality was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) including seven components, where a score of 6 or higher indicated poor sleep quality. Spearman's correlation analysis and the binary logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the relationship between poor sleep quality and BG-EPVS and WM-EPVS, respectively.ResultsA total of 398 patients were enrolled in this study, including 114 patients in the BG-EPVS group and 85 patients in the WM-EPVS group. The proportion of poor sleep quality in the BG-EPVS group was higher than that in the control group (58.8 vs. 32.5%, p < 0.001). The score of PSQI, subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency were higher in the BG-EPVS group than that in the control group (p < 0.05). The proportion of poor sleep quality was also higher in the WM-EPVS group than that in the control group (50.6 vs. 35.3%, p = 0.031). The score of sleep duration and sleep disturbances was higher in the WM-EPVS group than that in the control group. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that poor sleep quality was positively associated with BG-EPVS (ρ = 0.264, p < 0.001) and WM-EPVS (ρ = 0.154, p = 0.044). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that poor sleep quality, longer sleep latency, and less sleep duration were independently related to BG-EPVS and poor sleep quality, less sleep duration, and more serious sleep disturbances were independently related to WM-EPVS after adjusting for confounders (P < 0.05).ConclusionPoor sleep quality was independently associated with EPVS in BG and WM.

The Association Between Dry Eye Disease With Depression, Anxiety and Sleep Disturbance During COVID-19.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dry eye disease (DED) with anxiety and depression. Additionally, the mediating effect of sleep quality on this relationship was explored.Methods: 321 patients with DED were recruited from Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital clinic and surveyed using demographic questionnaires, the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Regression analysis and the bootstrap method were used to investigate the influence of sleep on the relationship between DED, anxiety and depression.Results: Among the patients with DED, 86 (26.79%), 85 (26.48%), and 54 (16.82%) patients presented with anxiety, depression, and both anxiety and depression respectively. The OSDI and PSQI score were positively correlated with depression and anxiety (all p < 0.01). The direct effects of OSDI on depression and anxiety were significant (P < 0.01). Additionally, the bootstrap test showed significant mediating effects of subjective sleep quality [95% CI [0.003–0.016] (depression); [0.001–0.011] (anxiety)] and sleep latency [95% CI [0.001–0.010] (depression); [0.001–0.008] (anxiety)]. These results indicated that the severity of DED symptoms, as measured by the OSDI score, affected anxiety and depression through a direct and an indirect pathway mediated by subjective sleep quality and sleep latency.Conclusions: The results indicated that there was a significant correlation between DED and anxiety and depression. Moreover, subjective sleep quality and sleep latency were a mediator of the relationship between DED symptoms and anxiety and depression.

Postpartum sleep health in a multiethnic cohort of women during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City

Objective/DesignCross-sectional study to examine the determinants of sleep health among postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City (NYC). Setting/ParticipantsA subset of participants recruited as part of the COVID-19 Mother Baby Outcomes (COMBO) cohort at Columbia University (N = 62 non-Hispanic White, N = 17 African American, N = 107 Hispanic). MeasurementsData on maternal sleep, COVID-19 infection during pregnancy, sociodemographic, behavioral, and psychological factors were collected via questionnaire at 4 months postpartum. Self-reported subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, efficiency, disturbances, and daytime dysfunction were examined as categorical variables (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]). Associations between sleep variables and COVID-19 status, time of the pandemic, sociodemographic, behavioral, and psychological factors were estimated via independent multivariable regressions. ResultsMothers who delivered between May-December 2020, who delivered after the NYC COVID-19 peak, experienced worse sleep latency, disturbances and global sleep health compared to those who delivered March-April 2020, the peak of the pandemic. Maternal depression, stress and COVID-19-related post-traumatic stress were associated with all sleep domains except for sleep efficiency. Maternal perception of infant's sleep as a problem was associated with worse global PSQI score, subjective sleep quality, duration, and efficiency. Compared to non-Hispanic White, Hispanic mothers reported worse global PSQI scores, sleep latency, duration and efficiency, but less daytime dysfunction. ConclusionsThese findings provide crucial information about sociodemographic, behavioral, and psychological factors contributing to sleep health in the postpartum period.

Sedative effects of a traditional polyherbal formulation (Monavvem) in patients with chronic insomnia: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

Chronic insomnia is a common disorder that affects more than a third of the world's adult population. This study evaluate the sleep quality of patients with chronic insomnia by comparing an oral polyherbal formulation, prepared according to Persian medical texts compared to a placebo. In this randomized controlled trial, an herbal combination called “Monavvem” containing saffron, lettuce, opium poppy, frankincense, agarwood, and sugar was prepared. Fifty-two subjects (61.5% female) with chronic insomnia were randomly assigned to drug or placebo groups who received four capsules every night for 8 weeks. Insomnia Intensity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires were completed by all subjects before the onset of the treatment and after 2, 4, and 8 weeks. After intervention, the mean total ISI score was statistically significantly different between the intervention group and placebo group on week (MD: -4.711, 95% CI (-7.150, -2.270)). Also, the intervention group exhibited a decrease in the mean total PSQI score, which was significantly different from the placebo at the end of the study (MD: -3.692, 95% CI (-5.553, -1.831)). Besides, the differences between the intervention group and placebo group scores were statistically significant for the subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, and daytime dysfunction (P< 0.05). No important differences in adverse effects were observed between the two groups. The present findings suggest that the oral polyherbal formulation of Persian medicine “Monavvem” may improve chronic insomnia. Further confirmation in larger trials is recommended.

The effect of wind turbine noise on polysomnographically measured and self-reported sleep latency in wind turbine noise naïve participants.

Wind turbine noise (WTN) exposure could potentially interfere with the initiation of sleep. However, effects on objectively assessed sleep latency are largely unknown. This study sought to assess the impact of WTN on polysomnographically measured and sleep diary-determined sleep latency compared to control background noise alone in healthy good sleepers without habitual prior WTN exposure. Twenty-three WTN naïve urban residents (mean ± SD age: 21.7 ± 2.1 years, range 18-29, 13 females) attended the sleep laboratory for two polysomnography studies, one week apart. Participants were blind to noise conditions and only informed that they may or may not hear noise during each night. During the sleep onset period, participants were exposed to counterbalanced nights of WTN at 33 dB(A), the upper end of expected indoor values; or background noise alone as the control condition (23 dB(A)). Linear mixed model analysis revealed no differences in log10 normalized objective or subjective sleep latency between the WTN versus control nights (median [interquartile range] objective 16.5 [11.0 to 18.5] vs. 16.5 [10.5 to 29.0] min, p = .401; subjective 20.0 [15.0 to 25.0] vs. 15.0 [10.0 to 30.0] min, p = .907). Although undetected small effects cannot be ruled out, these results do not support that WTN extends sleep latency in young urban-dwelling individuals without prior WTN exposure.

The effect of subjective sleep latency on BMI of medical interns during and before COVID-19 pandemic.

ObjectivesLonger subjective sleep latency and eveningness chronotype are associated with higher BMI. Moreover, COVID-19 lockdown changes have been associated with increased BMI. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of subjective sleep parameters on BMI of medical interns during and before COVID-19 pandemic.Material and MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed among medical interns. Bedtime, sleep latency, waking time, sleep duration, and reduced morningness-eveningness scores were evaluated.ResultsThere was significant difference between bedtime before (00:11±50) and during (01:10±85) the pandemic in females (p<0.001). The mean circadian score before and during the pandemic showed significant decrease in females (p=0.011). The correlation between BMI with subjective sleep latency in females before and during the pandemic ((r=0.439, p=0.017), (r=0.422, p=0.014)) was significant.ConclusionCOVID-19 pandemic was associated with a change toward nocturnal life among female medical interns. Subjective sleep latency was significantly correlated with BMI in females.

Sleep quality during home distancing in the COVID-19 pandemic in the Western Amazon

Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic incited unprecedented global restrictions on society’s behavior. Home detachment and isolation measures applied during the COVID-19 pandemic can result in problems with sleep quality. It is an important measure to reduce the risk of infection from the COVID-19 outbreak. Objective: to investigate the existence of a difference between the quality of sleep before and during the home distance imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: cross-sectional web-based survey was sent using different conventional social media to collect data from the study population. The evaluated group was composed of 124 subjects, 57 of whom were male and 67 were female from the city of Rio Branco / AC. For this study, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI-BR) and a socio-demographic questionnaire were used. The volunteers received a link along with the description and purpose of the study. Finally, data analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software. Results: sleep quality worsened significantly during home distance in four sleep components (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep drowsiness and overall PSQI score). During social distance, poor sleep was greater among respondents (OR = 5.68; 95% CI = 1.80–17.82; p = 0.70). Conclusion: the results indicated that there was a significant difference between the quality of sleep before and during home detachment and sleep disturbance and the subjective quality of sleep before and during the period of the outbreak of COVID-19 were the components that most worsened in the state of sleep

Safinamide improves sleep and daytime sleepiness in Parkinson's disease: results from the SAFINONMOTOR study.

Background and objectiveSome studies observed a benefit of PD patients after treatment with safinamide in some non-motor symptoms. Our aim was to analyze the effectiveness of safinamide on sleep and daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients.Material and methodsSAFINONMOTOR is a prospective open-label single-arm study conducted in 5 centers from Spain. In this analysis, a secondary objective of the study, the score in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) at V1 (baseline) and V4 (6 months ± 1 month) were compared.ResultsFifty patients were included between May/2019 and February/2020 (age 68.5 ± 9.12 years; 58% women; 6.4 ± 5.1 years from diagnosis). At 6 months, 44 patients completed the follow-up (88%). The PSQI total score was reduced by 19.8% (from 10.43 ± 4.02 at V1 to 8.36 ± 4.41 at V4; p = 0.001). By domains, improvement was observed in subjective sleep quality (PSQI-C1; − 23.9%; p = 0.009), sleep latency (PSQI-C2; − 25%; p = 0.025), sleep duration (PSQI-C3; − 40%; p = 0.001), and habitual sleep efficiency (PSQI-C4; − 25.9%; p = 0.023). A significant reduction (− 24.7%) in the ESS total score from V1 to V4 was observed as well (from 9.20 ± 5.64 to 6.93 ± 5.11; p = 0.012). Specifically, the improvement in daytime sleepiness was observed in sitting and reading (p = 0.024) and sitting inactive in a public space (p = 0.027). A total of 21 adverse events in 11 patients (22%) were reported, 5 of which were severe (not related to safinamide).ConclusionSafinamide was well-tolerated and improved sleep and daytime sleepiness in PD patients at 6 months.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10072-021-05607-2.

The Impact of an Online Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program on Sleep Quality of Nurses Working in COVID-19 Care Units: A Clinical Trial.

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic is associated with impaired sleep quality in nurses for several reasons. The present study aimed to determine the effect of an online mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program on improving the sleep quality of nurses working in the COVID-19 care units. In this randomized controlled clinical trial study, all nurses in the 2 COVID-19 patient care units were randomly assigned to the control and intervention groups. The MBSR program was implemented online for 7 weeks for the intervention group by a trainer. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was completed online by the participants in both groups before and after the intervention. The results of the data analysis indicated that the intervention improved the scores of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, and sleep efficiency in the intervention group. In the control group, there was a significant increase in the scores of subjective sleep quality, daily performance, and the total index score in the posttest. Besides, there was a significant difference between the 2 groups in only 2 components of sleep latency and subjective sleep quality. The MBSR program can be an effective intervention to improve the sleep quality of nurses working in COVID-19 intensive care units who are at risk of sleep quality disorders in stressful situations.

Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are associated with poor sleep: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

Poor sleep accompanied by elevated TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) levels is not uncommon since TSH secretion is controlled by the circadian rhythm. However, the relationship between poor sleep and TSH elevation is unclear; hence, we aimed to elucidate this relationship by conducting a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Participants with isolated elevated (N = 168) and normal (N = 119) TSH concentrations were recruited, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep status. Subjects with an isolated TSH elevation were followed up longitudinally. The serum TSH concentration was remeasured after sleep status improved. The proportions of poor sleep and occasional poor sleep in subjects with isolated TSH elevation were significantly higher than those with normal TSH levels (70.24% vs. 49.58%, p = 0.001; 9.52% vs. 1.68%, p = 0.006). Subjects with isolated TSH elevation had significantly higher PSQI scores in the subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, and habitual sleep efficiency dimensions than those with normal TSH levels (all p < 0.05). Poor sleep was significantly associated with isolated TSH elevation in the multiple logistic regression analysis [odds ratio (OR) = 2.396, p = 0.001]. Among subjects with an isolated TSH elevation at baseline, the percentage of TSH normalization was significantly higher in those who slept better than in those who still slept poorly (85.42% vs. 6.45%, p < 0.001). This study revealed that isolated elevated TSH concentrations normalize when the sleep status is improved; hence, we recommend that clinicians thoroughly assess the sleep status of patients and remeasure TSH concentrations after sleep status improves.

COVID-19-related fears and information frequency predict sleep behavior in bipolar disorder.

IntroductionThe coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic and consequent restrictions including social distancing had a great impact on everyday life. To date, little is known about how the restrictions affected sleep, which is commonly disturbed in bipolar disorder (BD). The aim of this study was to elucidate sleep patterns during the pandemic in Austrian BD individuals.MethodsAn online survey assessed sleep with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and COVID‐19‐associated attitudes, fears, and emotional distress of 20 BD individuals and 19 controls (HC) during the pandemic. The survey was conducted in April 2020, when very strict regulations were declared, and repeated in May, when they were loosened.ResultsIndividuals with BD reported overall poor sleep according to PSQI sum at both time points. Subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, daytime sleepiness, and PSQI sum were worse in individuals with BD than in HC. Individuals with BD informed themselves more frequently about pandemic‐related topics. Higher information frequency and more COVID‐19 fears (about the virus, own infection, contracting others) correlated with worse PSQI values. Regression models found in BD group that higher information frequency as well as higher COVID‐19 fears in April predicted worse sleep characteristics in May, in particular subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and daytime sleepiness.ConclusionAs sufficient sleep duration and quality are essential for well‐being and particularly important for vulnerable BD individuals, it is important that information about the pandemic is gathered to a reasonable extent and mental health professionals include COVID‐19‐related fears when currently treating BD.

Academic burnout among undergraduate nursing students: Predicting the role of sleep quality and healthy lifestyle

Background: Academic burnout is a serious threat that can affect any student’s academic life, especially nursing students. Sleep quality and a healthy lifestyle are variables are related to academic burnout. This study aimed to predict undergraduate nursing students’ academic burnout based on sleep quality and lifestyle. Methods: The study was descriptive and correlational in design. The statistical population included all undergraduate nursing students of the Razi School of Nursing and Midwifery at the Kerman University of Medical Sciences (Kerman, Iran; 2016-2017 academic year). Of 270 students,143 students were selected using a random cluster sampling method. The Academic Burnout Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the LifeStyle Inventory were used to collect data. A linear regression analysis using the enter method was employed for data analysis. Results: There was a significantly positive correlation between students’ academic burnout and total PSQI score (P=0.000, r=0.547) and some of its sub-scales, including subjective sleep quality (P=0.000, r=0.607), sleep latency (P=0.019, r=0.196), sleep duration (P=0.014, r=0.206), sleep disturbance (P=0.000, r=0.346), and daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness (P=0.000, r=0.654). Conversely, the relationship between students’ academic burnout and healthy lifestyle was negatively significant (P=0.000, r=-0.507). Thus, the potential for undergraduate nursing students’ academic burnout can be predicted by sleep quality and lifestyle (P=0.000, F=23.480). Conclusions: By improving sleep quality and living a healthier lifestyle, students may be less likely to experience academic burnout.

INVESTIGATION OF MENTAL HEALTH OF AMATEUR AND PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN THE COVID–19 PANDEMIC PERIOD

The aim of this study is to investigate the mental health of amateur and professional football players during the Covid-19 pandemic period. For this purpose, 49 amateur female, 68 amateur male and 34 professional male football players participated in the study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index consisting of 24 questions and the Beck Depression Scale consisting of 21 questions were applied to measure the sleep quality and depression symptoms of the participants. The obtained data were analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 program. Values were presented as minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, and standard error. Significance level was accepted as p&lt;0.05. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test for normality. One Way Anova and LSD tests were performed to analyze the differences between groups. There were significant differences in BDI total score, subjective sleep quality and sleep disorder parameters when grouped by age. (p&lt;0.05) Significant differences were found in BDI total score, subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep disturbance, and total PUKI score parameters when grouped by sport categories. (p&lt;0.05) No significant difference was found in any parameter in grouping the participants according to sports age. (p&gt;0.05) As a result, it can be said that the sleep quality of amateur women and amateur men is bad, and the sleep quality of professional men is good during the Covid-19 pandemic period. It can be said that the depression symptoms of amateur women are bad, the amateur men's group is moderate, and the depression symptoms of professional men are good.&#x0D; &#x0D; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0785/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

367 A sleep hygiene and relaxation training program after the Great East Japan Earthquake: What aspects of sleep could be improved?

Abstract Introduction After a natural disaster, the incidence of sleep difficulties tends to increase. Specifically, the prevalence of suspected insomnia was reported to have increased among disaster victims after the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011. In a previous study, we have reported that education on sleep hygiene and relaxation training was effective in improving nighttime sleep in students of universities in Sendai city after the earthquake of March 2011. According to analyses of subscale scores of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the present study aimed to determine what aspects of sleep difficulties were successfully improved. Methods University undergraduates and graduates who reported having sleep difficulties were asked to respond to a questionnaire including the PSQI thrice, before attending a 90-min lecture on sleep hygiene and relaxation training, and a month and three months after attending the program. All participants who reported the total PSQI score of the cutoff point (6) or more were divided into two groups based on their PSQI scores before the program, that attending the course and that not attending it, that is, the “waiting list” group. Results The “attending” group exhibited a decrease in the total PSQI score in the first month after attending the program, and the score in this group reduced further three months later; Nine of twenty (45.0%) attending participants reported the score of less than 6 after a month, while only three of seventeen (17.6%) wait-list participants did. The PSQI subscale scores reported by the nine successful attending participants indicated a significant decrease in the subscale scores on subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, and sleep disturbance from before the program to one month later. Conclusion These results suggest that the short course on sleep hygiene and relaxation training intended for university students was effective, and about a half of the attended participants reported the PSQI score of less than the PSQI cutoff score one month later. This substantial effect would be mainly based on the improvement of their subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, and disturbance. Support (if any) This study was supported by a research grant from the Japanese Psychological Association, Tokyo, Japan.

322 Comparisons of clinical and polysomnographic characteristics between negative and positive sleep state misperception in insomnia

Abstract Introduction Most of insomnia patients tend to underestimate their sleep duration and quality. In current study, we classified insomnia patients into negative sleep state misperception (NSSM) group and positive sleep state misperception (PSSM) group according to difference between subjective and objective sleep duration. We compared clinical and polysomnographic characteristics between two groups. Methods Objective sleep measures using nocturnal polysomnography (nPSG) and subjective measures including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and subjective questionnaire at the morning after overnight nPSG of 150 insomnia patients were reviewed. The questionnaire included subjective total sleep time (subjective TST), subjective sleep latency (subjective SL). Additionally, TST/SL discrepancy was calculated by subtracting objective variables of nPSG from the morning subjective questionnaire. We calculated misperception index (MI) using the following method; MI=(objective TST-subjective TST)/objective TST. According to MI value, insomnia patients were classified into NSSM (MI&amp;gt;0, n=115), and PSSM (MI&amp;lt;0, n=35) groups. Results There were no significant differences in nPSG parameters, except N3 sleep (%); the PSSM group had significantly higher N3 sleep than NSSM group (p=0.002). On the subjective measures, the NSSM group had significantly higher PSQI score (p&amp;lt;0.001), longer subjective SL (p=0.001) and higher SL discrepancy (p=0.001). In the NSSM group, MI showed positive correlations with N1 sleep proportion (r=0.250, p=0.011), PSQI (r=0.250, p=0.011), BDI (r=0.211, p=0.032), subjective SL (r=0.441, p&amp;lt;0.001) and SL discrepancy (r=0.453, p&amp;lt;0.001). Meanwhile, there were no significant correlations of MI with subjective measures in PSSM group. In the multiple regression analysis, MI was related with SL discrepancy and BDI (R2=0.216, p=0.004) in NSSM group. For belonging the PSSM group, associated factors were N3 sleep (OR=1.075, p=0.001), PSQI (OR=0.813, p=0.002) and SL discrepancy (OR=0.956, p&amp;lt;0.001) on binary logistic regression analysis. Conclusion In the NSSM group, MI was related with high SL discrepancy and depressive mood. High N3 sleep, low PSQI score, and low SL discrepancy were associated factors in the PSSM group. Perception of sleep should be properly evaluated and managed, since they vary with different characteristics of sleep state misperception. Support (if any) This study was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2018R1D1A1B07049704).

783 Early Life Adversity and Central Symptoms of Sleep Disturbance: A Network Analysis

Abstract Introduction Individuals with early life adversity (ELA) experience a greater likelihood of sleep disturbance. Sleep disturbance is a hypothesized mechanism underlying the association between ELA and adverse health outcomes. However, it is unclear whether sleep disturbance presents differently in individuals with ELA when compared to individuals without ELA. Network analysis provides an analytic framework to examine the relationships and magnitudes of association between symptoms of sleep disturbance. Using a network framework, we investigated the differences in sleep disturbance symptoms between individuals with ELA and individuals without ELA. Methods College students (N=507; age=18±1, Female=72%) completed demographic measures, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index using an online data collection platform from March-December 2020. Using clinical cutoffs, individuals with ELA were separated from individuals without ELA. Using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI; alpha=0.79), sleep disturbance was assessed. Two 7-node ELA-specific networks were generated using raw values for the 7 components of the PSQI. To assess network accuracy, stability coefficients were estimated using the ‘bootnet’ and ‘qgraph’ packages in R. The strength of association between each component and all other components of sleep disturbance were estimated using expected influence (EI). Network structures and measures of EI were examined for differences between exposure groups. Results Overall, the average global PSQI score was 7.50±3.37. Individuals with ELA had larger global PSQI scores when compared to individuals without ELA (8.18 versus 6.97, t=3.8, p&amp;lt;0.001, d=0.37). For individuals with ELA, sleep quality, duration, and efficiency were most associated with other symptoms of sleep disturbance. For individuals without ELA, subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, and daytime dysfunction were most related to other symptoms of sleep disturbance. Individuals with ELA demonstrated a more interrelated network structure, with greater raw measures of EI in most components of the PSQI. Conclusion For individuals with ELA, duration and efficiency strongly underly sleep disturbance. Moreover, most symptoms had greater measures of EI in individuals with ELA when compared to individuals without ELA, suggesting that symptoms of sleep disturbance may be more likely to co-occur in individuals with ELA. Future research may explore the utility of these symptoms in predicting adverse health outcomes. Support (if any):

Sleep Disorders and Psychological Profile in Oral Cancer Survivors: A Case-Control Clinical Study.

Simple SummarySleep disorders have been increasingly investigated in several medical illnesses as their presence may affect patients’ quality of life. However, the research examining sleep disorders in oral cancer is relatively weak. Indeed, the majority of the available studies present a cross-sectional or retrospective designs. Moreover, very few of them have evaluated quality of sleep in oral cancer survivors (OC survivors). We aimed to carry out a case-control study with the purpose to investigate sleep disorders and mood impairment in 50 OC survivors. Our research has shown that quality of sleep is significantly affected in OC survivors compared to a healthy population and that OC survivors suffers from higher levels of anxiety and depression. Our results may suggest that an appropriate assessment of quality of sleep and psychological profile should be performed in OC survivors as a prompt treatment for both sleep and mood disorders is crucial for the overall improvement of patients’ quality of life.Quality of sleep (QoS) and mood may impair oral cancer survivors’ wellbeing, however few evidences are currently available. Therefore, we aimed to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders, anxiety and depression among five-year oral cancer survivors (OC survivors). 50 OC survivors were compared with 50 healthy subjects matched for age and sex. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Hamilton Rating Scales for Depression and Anxiety (HAM-D, HAM-A), the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the Total Pain Rating Index (T-PRI) were administered. The global score of the PSQI, ESS, HAM-A, HAM-D, NRS, T-PRI, was statistically higher in the OC survivors than the controls (p-value: <0.001). QoS of OC survivors was significantly impaired, especially with regard to some PSQI sub-items as the subjective sleep quality, sleep latency and daytime dysfunction (p-value: 0.001, 0.029, 0.004). Moreover, poor QoS was negatively correlated with years of education (p-value: 0.042 *) and positively correlated with alcohol consumption (p-value: 0.049 *) and with the use of systemic medications (p-value: 0.044 *). Sleep disorders and mood disorders are common comorbidities in OC survivors; therefore, early assessment and management before, during and after treatment should be performed in order to improve the quality of life of OC survivors.

Sleep problems in opioid dependent patients maintained on buprenorphine

IntroductionOpioid dependent individuals frequently complain of sleep problems in withdrawal and during abstinence.ObjectivesThe objectives were to assess the subjective sleep parameters among buprenorphine-maintained opioid-dependent patients and to correlate it with socio-demographics, concomitant drug use and treatment related variablesMethodsUsing a cross-sectional study design, 106 hundred six opioid-dependent patients maintained on buprenorphine for at least six months and on same dose in past month were interviewed. Sleep was assessed by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Epworth sleepiness scale. Association between subjective sleep parameters, socio-demographics, concomitant drug use and treatment related variables was also studied.ResultsAll participants were males. Their mean age was 41.1 years (SD:14.3). The mean duration of illicit opioid use was 10 years (IQR: 5,22). About 63.2% (n=67) had PSQI scores more than 5 denoting sleep problem. The scores obtained in Epworth Sleeping Scale were in normal range. Mean subjective total sleep time of the sample was 403.5 (SD 94.8) minutes and median sleep latency was 35 (IQR 18.8, 62.5) minutes. Subjective total sleep time was significantly higher in participants who had use tobacco in the past three months (p value=0.03) and who were in moderate ASSIST risk category (p value=0.04). Subjective sleep latency was significantly higher (p value=0.04) in participants who had used opioids in last three months. It was observed that age was a significant predictor of subjective total sleep time and OST compliance was a significant predictor of sleep latency.ConclusionsA sizeable proportion of opioid dependent patients on buprenorphine have sleep problems

The effect of reflexology on sleep quality and fatigue in postmenopausal women: A randomized control trial

IntroductionPhysiological and psychological changes are observed during the postmenopausal period. In nursing practice reflexology has been used to cope with changes during this period. This study was conducted to determine whether reflexology could improve sleep quality and decrease fatigue in postmenopausal women. MethodsThis randomized controlled study was carried out between April and December 2018. The study sample consisted of 72 postmenopausal women (36 in the intervention group and 36 in the control group). Reflexology was applied in a total of 12 sessions by the researcher on the postmenopausal women in the intervention group. The data were collected using an Introductory Information Form, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). ResultsAfter applying reflexology, the intervention group exhibited a decrease in mean PSQI posttest total score which was significantly different to the control group (Cohen's d= 3.07, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0,612–4,268) (p<0.001). However, the differences between the control group and the intervention group scores were not statistically significant for the subjective sleep quality, sleep latency or sleep disorder components (p>0.05). After reflexology application, the mean total FSS score of the women in the intervention group decreased, and the difference between the two scores was significant (Cohen's d = 1.83, 95 % CI: -9,819–4,042) (p<0.001). ConclusionPost-menopausal women benefited after the application of reflexology as sleep quality increased and fatigue decreased. Reflexology could be used as a non-pharmacological therapeutic option offered in nursing care.